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اﻟﺨﻼﺼﺔ
ﺘﻀﻤﻨت اﻟدراﺴﻪ اﺴﺘﺨﻼص اﻟزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎر ﻤن ﻨﺒﺎت اﻟﻘرﻨﻔﻝ Sayzygium aromaticumوﻋزﻝ وﺘﻨﻘﻴﺔ وﺘﺸﺨﻴص
ﻤرﻛب اﻟﻴوﺠﻴﻨوﻝ Eugenolﻤﻨﻪ ,ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨدام ﺒﻌض اﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎت اﻟﻛﻴﻤﺎﺌﻴﻪ اﻟطﻴﻔﻴﻪ ﻤﻨﻬﺎﻛروﻤﺎﺘوﻏراﻓﻴﺎ اﻟطﺒﻘﻪ اﻟرﻗﻴﻘﻪ Thine
Layare Chromatographyوطﻴف اﻻﺸﻌﻪ ﺘﺤت اﻟﺤﻤراء) (IRوطﻴف اﻟﻨﻴن اﻟﻨووي اﻟﻐﻨﺎطﻴﺴﻲ ) (H1NMRوﺠﻬﺎز
P P
Acinetobacter Sp, اﻟﺒﻛﺘﻴرﻴﺎﻫﻲ طﻴف اﻟﻛﺘﻠﻪ ) , (GC\Massﻗﻴﻤﺘﺎﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﻬﺎﻟﻀد ﺒﻛﺘﻴرﻴﻪ ﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺴﺘﺔ اﻨواع ﻤن
واﻟذي اظﻬر ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻀد ) ((25922)E.coli, S.aureus(ATCC) ,P.aeruginosa,S.typhi ,P.mirabilis
ﺒﻛﺘﻴرﻴﻪ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﻪ وﺒﺎﻗطﺎر ﺘﺜﺒﻴط ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﻪ ﺘراوﺤت ﺒﻴن ).(41.6-34.6 mmﻛﻤﺎ ﺘﻀﻤﻨت اﻟدراﺴﻪ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﻪ ﺘﺤدﻴد اﻟﺘرﻛﻴز اﻟﺜﺒط
اﻻدﻨﻰ ) (MICﻟﻤرﻛب Eugenolﺤﻴث ﻛﺎن اﻗﻝ ﺘرﻛﻴز ﻤﺜﺒط ﻫو ) (1.6 µg\mlﺘﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺒﻛﺘرﻴﺎ) S.aureus(ATCCﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ
ﻛﺎن اﻋﻠﻰ ﺘرﻛﻴز ﻤﺜﺒط ﻫو ) (6.5 µg\mlﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﻛﻝ ﻤن اﻻﻨواع اﻟﺒﻛﺘﻴرﻴﻪ) , S.typhi ,P.mirabilis
.(P.aeruginosaﻛﻤﺎ اﺨﺘﺒرت اﻟﺴﻤﻴﻪ اﻟﺨﻠوﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﻤرﻛب واﻟذي ﻟم ﻴظﻬر أي ﺴﻤﻴﻪ ﻋﻨد اﻟﺘراﻛﻴز اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒرﻩ.
اﻟﻛﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺎﺤﻴﻪ:اﻟزﻴوت اﻟطﻴﺎرﻩ ,اﻟﻘرﻨﻔﻝ ,اﻟﻴوﺠﻨوﻝ ,اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﻪ اﻟﻀد ﺒﻛﺘﻴرﻴﻪ ,اﻟﺴﻤﻴﻪ اﻟﺨﻠوﻴﻪ
139
ضﻱﺌذﻙﻤﺎﺌ ةئﻙﻕذﻤﻑك ...Syzygium aromaticum
ﺡﺔﻱ ة ه ﺡ ِﻠﺌخى ه ﻠﺡ ﺯ م:ﻉرك هﺔﻤﻕﻱ ﺒ هﺔﺴﺥﻱ ش ﻠذﻘ ائﻙﻱهﺝﻤهك Eugenolﻠ مئﻙرﻱ ةئﻙ
.1اﻟﻤﻘدﻤﺔ
.1.1اﻟزﻴوت اﻟطﻴﺎرﻫواﻻﻫﻤﻴﺔ اﻟطﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ.
][6اذ ﻴﺘﻀﻤن ﺘﺼﻨﻴﻊ اﻟزﻴوت اﻟطﻴﺎرﻩ داﺨﻝ اﻟﺨﻼﻴﺎ وﻫﻲ ﻤرﻛﺒﺎت ﺘوﺠد ﻛﻤواد اﻴﻀﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﺒﺎت
اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﻴﻪ ﺜﻼث ﻤﺴﺎرارت :اﻻوﻝ :ﺘﻛوﻴن اﻟوﺤدات وﺘﺘﻤﻴز ﻫذﻩ اﻟزﻴوت ﺒﺎﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﺘﺒﺨر اوﺘﺘطﺎﻴر دون ﺘﺤﻠﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﻨد
اﻟﺒﻨﺎﺌﻴﻬﻠﻠﺘرﺒﻨوﻴدات ) .(C 5اﻟﺜﺎﻨﻲ :ارﺘﺒﺎط وﺤدﺘﻴن او ﺜﻼث
R R ﺘﻌرﻀﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺤ اررﻩ ].[1
وﺤدات ﻤن ) (C 5ﻟﺘﻛوﻴن ﻤرﻛﺒﺎت ) C 10او .( C 15اﻟﺜﺎﻟث
R R R R R R ﺘﺴﻤﻰ ﺒﺎﻟزﻴوت اﻟطﻴﺎرﻩ )(Voatile oilsاو اﻟزﻴوت اﻻﻴﺜرﻴﻪ
:ﻴﺘﻀﻤن ﺘﺤوﻴﻝ اﻟﻤرﻛﺒﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺒﻘﻪ اﻟﻰ اﻟﺘرﺒﻴﻨﺎﺘﺎﻟﻨﻬﺎﺌﻴﻪ ) (Ether oilsاو اﻟزﻴوت اﻻﺴﺎﺴﻴﻪ )(Essential oils
وﻫذﻩ ﺒدورﻫﺎ ﺘﺘﺠﻤﻊ وﺘﺘﺤد ﻤﻊ اﻟﻤﻛوﻨﺎت اﻻﺨرى واﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﻪ اﻻﺨﻴرﻩ ﺘﻌود ﻟﻛون اﻟزﻴوت اﻟطﻴﺎرﻩ ﺘﻤﺜﻝ اﻟﻌطور
اﻟداﺨﻠﻬﻔﻲ ﺘرﻛﻴب اﻟزﻴوت اﻻﺴﺎﺴﻴﻬواﻟﻌطرﻴﻪ ]. [7ﻟﻠزﻴوت ) (Essencesاﻟﻤوﺠودﻩ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﺒﺎت ].[2ﺘﺘواﺠد اﻟزﻴوت
اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﻴﺔ ﺘﺎﺜﻴرات طﺒﻴﺔ ﻤﺘﻌددة ﺤﻴث ﺘﻤﺘﻠك ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻤﻀﺎدة اﻟطﻴﺎرﻩ ﺒﺸﻛﻝ واﺴﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻛﻬﺎﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﻴﻪ وﺘﺴﺘﺨﻠص ﻤن
ﻟﻠﺒﻛﺘرﻴﺎ ﺤﻴث ﺘﺴﺘﺨدم ﻓﻲ ﻋﻼج اﻤراض اﻟﺠﻬﺎز اﻟﺒوﻟﻲ اﺠزاء ﻤﺘﻌددﻩ ﻤن اﻟﻨﺒﺎت ﻛﺎﻻوراق ﻤﺜﻝ ﻨﺒﺎت اﻟﻴوﻛﺎﻟﺒﺘوز
وﺘﺴﺘﻌﻤﻝ ﻛذﻟك ﻛﻤطﻬرات ﻓﻲ ﻋﻼج اﻟﺠروح واﻟﻘروح اﻟﺘﻲ او ﻓﻲ اﻻزﻫﺎر ﻤﺜﻝ اﻟورد او ﻓﻲ اﻟﺜﻤﺎر ﻤﺜﻝ اﻟﻛراوﻴﻪ او
ﺘﺤدث ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻠد وﻛﻤواد ﻤﻌﻘﻤﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺜوم واﻟﺒﺼﻝ ﻗﺸور اﻟﺜﻤﺎر ﻤﺜﻝ اﻟﺒرﺘﻘﺎﻝ وﻗد ﺘﺘواﺠد ﻓﻲ ﺠﻤﻴﻊ اﺠزاء
][8ﻛﻤﺎ اﺸﺎرت دراﺴﺎت ﻋدﻴدة ﻤﻨﻬﺎ ][9اﻟﻰ اﻤﺘﻼك اﻟزﻴوت اﻟﻨﺒﺎت ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻌﻨﺎع .وﺘﺘواﺠد اﻟزﻴوت اﻟطﻴﺎرﻩ ﺒﻨﺴب
اﻟﻤﻌزوﻟﺔ ﻤن ﺒﻌض اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎت ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻤﻀﺎدة ﻟﻠﻔﺎﻴروﺴﺎت ﻗﻠﻴﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎت وﻟﻛﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﻤﺘﻠك ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﻬﻤﻀﺎدﻩ ﻗوﻴﻪ ][3
ﻨﺒﺎت ﻤن اﻟﻤﻌزوﻝ اﻟزﻴت ﻤﺜﻝ ﻓﻘدﺒﻠﻐت اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻬﺎﻟﻤﺌوﻴﻪ ﻟﻠزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎر اﻟﻤﻌزوﻝ ﻤن اوراق
Houttuyniacordataﺤﻴث ﺘم اﺨﺘﺒﺎر ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻀد ﻨﺒﺎت اﻟﺒطﻨﺞ ﻓﻲ اﻤرﻴﻛﺎ اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻴﻪ [4]%2.4وﻛﺎﻨت
HIV- horpesو simplex virus ﻓﺎﻴروﺴﺎت اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻬﺎﻟﻤﺌوﻴﻪ ﻟﻠزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎر اﻟﻤﻌزوﻝ ﻤن ﻨﺒﺎت اﻟﻨﻌﻨﺎع ﻓﻲ
1,influenzaوﻗد وﺠد ان اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻀﺎدة ﻟﻠﻔﺎﻴروﺴﺎت اﻤرﻴﻛﺎ .[5]%1.5وﻫذة اﻟزﻴوت ﻫﻲ ﻋﺒﺎرﻩ ﻋن ﻤزﻴﺞ ﻤﻌﻘد
ﻴﻤﻛن ان ﺘﺤدث ﻋن طرﻴق اﻟﺘداﺨﻝ اﻟذي ﻴﺤدث ﺒﻴن ﻫﻲ ﻟﻬﺎ اﻟرﺌﻴﺴﻴﻪ واﻟﻤﻛوﻨﺎت اﻟﻤرﻛﺒﺎت ﻤن
اﻟزﻴت واﻟﻘﻼف اﻟﺒروﺘﻴﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﺎﻴروس .ان اﻻﺴﺘﺨداﻤﺎت Monoterpenes اﻟﺘرﺒﻴﻨﺎﺘﺎﻻﺤﺎدﻴﻪ)
اﻟطﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠزﻴوت اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﻴﺔ ﻋدﻴدة وﻤﺘﻨوﻋﺔ ﺤﻴث ان ﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ (C 10واﻟﺴﺴﻛوﺘﻴرﺒﻴﻨﺎت) Sesquiterpens (C 15وﻫﻲ
R R R R
ﻴﺴﺘﺨدم ﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻤراض اﻟﺴﻛروارﺘﻔﺎع ﻀﻐط اﻟدم ﻛﻤﺎ ﻋﺒﺎرﻩ ﻋن ﻫﻴدروﻛﺎرﺒوﻨﺎت ﺼﻴﻐﺘﻬﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻤﻪ .(C 5 H 8 ) n
R R R R
ان ﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻴﺴﺘﺨدم ﻛﻤﺤﻔز ﻟﻠﺠﻬﺎز اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻟﺠﺴم اﻻﻨﺴﺎن وﺘﺸﻴر اﻟدراﺴﺎت اﻟﻰ ان ﻫﻨﺎك ﻤﺎ ﻴﻘﺎرب ) (1000ﺸﻛﻝ
وﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻻﺨﺘﻼﻻت اﻟﻌﺼﺒﻴﺔ وﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟروﻤﺎﺘزم ﻛﻤﺎ ﺘرﻛﻴﺒﻲ ﺸﻛﻝ و)(3000 ﻟﻠﺘرﺒﻴﻨﺎﺘﺎﻻﺤﺎدﻴﻪ ﺘرﻛﻴﺒﻲ
ﻟﻬﺎ اﻟﻘدرة ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺘﻝ اﻟطﻔﻴﻠﻴﺎت ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ زﻴت اﻟﺨردﻝ ][10 اﻟطﻴﺎرة اﻟزﻴوت ﺨﺼﺎﺌص .ﺘﺘﺒﺎﻴن ﻟﻠﺴﺴﻛوﺘرﺒﻴﻨﺎت
ﺒﺎﻻﻀﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻰ ﻤﺎ ﺘﻘدم ﻓﺎن اﻟزﻴوت اﻟﻤﻌزوﻟﺔ ﻤن ﺒﺎﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻛوﻨﺎﺘﻬﺎ اﻟﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﻪ واﻟﻤرﻛﺒﺎت اﻟداﺨﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ
ﺒﻌض اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎت ﻴﻤﻛن اﺴﺘﺨداﻤﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻤراض ﺘرﻛﻴﺒﻬﺎ ،وﻫﻨﺎك ﺘوازن ﺒﻴن ﻤﻛوﻨﺎت اﻟزﻴت اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﻬوذﻟك
اﻟﺴرطﺎن وﻛﻤواد ﻤﺎﻨﻌﺔ ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﺘﺴرطن ﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟزﻴوت ﻓﻲ اﻏﻠب اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎت ﻛﻤﺎ ان ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺘﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﺎﻴﻠوﺠﻴﻪ ﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﻋن
Nigella sativaوﻨﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﻌزوﻟﺔ ﻤن ﻨﺒﺎت ﺤﺒﺔ اﻟﺒرﻛﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﺜﻴر اﻟﻤﺸﺘرك ﻟﻛﻼ اﻟﻤﻛوﻨﺎت اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻪ وﻏﻴر اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻬﺎﻟداﺨﻠﻪ
اﻟﻛﻤون ]. Cuminumcymicum[11 ﻓﻲ ﺘرﻛﻴب اﻟزﻴت ﺤﻴث ان اﻟﻤﻛوﻨﺎت ﻏﻴر اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻪ ﺘوﺜر ﻓﻲ
اﻤﺘﺼﺎص واﻨﺘﺸﺎر وﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼت اﻟﻤﻛوﻨﺎت اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻪ ﻟﻠزﻴت
140
ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﺃﺑﺣﺎﺙ ﺍﻟﺑﺻﺭﺓ )) ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﻳﺎﺕ (( ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ . 39ﺍﻟﺟﺯء ( 2013 ) ........ B . 4
ﻭﺯﻥ ﺍﻟﺯﻳﺕ
وزن اﻟﻌﻴﻨﺔ
141
ضﻱﺌذﻙﻤﺎﺌ ةئﻙﻕذﻤﻑك ...Syzygium aromaticum
ﺡﺔﻱ ة ه ﺡ ِﻠﺌخى ه ﻠﺡ ﺯ م:ﻉرك هﺔﻤﻕﻱ ﺒ هﺔﺴﺥﻱ ش ﻠذﻘ ائﻙﻱهﺝﻤهك Eugenolﻠ مئﻙرﻱ ةئﻙ
ﻤﻌﻘﻤﺔ و أﻀﻴف 0.2ﻤﻝ ﻤن ﻛرﻴﺎت اﻟدم اﻟﺤﻤر ﻟﻴﺼﺒﺢ ﺘﺤﻀﻴر اﻟﺘراﻛﻴز ) (100 ،50 ،20ﻤﺎﻴﻛرو ﻏرام /ﻤﻝ ﻤن
اﻟﺤﺠم 1ﻤﻝ .ﺤﻀﻨت اﻷﻨﺎﺒﻴب ﻓﻲ ﺤﺎﻀﻨﺔ ﺒدرﺠﺔ ﺤ اررة ﻤﺤﻠوﻝ اﻟﻔوﺴﻔﺎت اﻟﻤﻨظم اﻟﻤﻠﺤﻲ Phosphate Buffer
ْ37م و ﻟﻤدة ﺜﻼث ﺴﺎﻋﺎت ،ﻓﺤﺼت ﺒﻌدﻫﺎ اﻷﻨﺎﺒﻴب Salineﻟﻠزﻴت و أﺴﺘﺨدم ﻤﻌﺎﻤﻝ ﺴﻴطرة ﺴﺎﻟب ﻴﺤوي
ﻟﻤﻼﺤظﺔ ﺘﺤﻠﻝ ﻛرﻴﺎت اﻟدم اﻟﺤﻤر. اﻟﻤﺤﻠوﻝ اﻟﻤﻠﺤﻲ ﻓﻘط و ﻤﻌﺎﻤﻝ ﺴﻴطرة ﻤوﺠب )ﻤﺎء
اﻟﺤﻨﻔﻴﺔ( ﺘم ﺒﻌدﻫﺎ وﻀﻊ 0.8ﻤﻝ ﻤن اﻟزﻴت ﻓﻲ أﻨﺒوﺒﺔ
5.2اﻻﺨﺘﺒﺎرات اﻟﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﺸﺨﻴﺼﻴﺔ ﻟﻠزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎر .
1.5.2اﺨﺘﺒﺎرات طﻴف اﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﺘﺤت اﻟﺤﻤراء )Infrared Spectrum (IR
sp – 3 – 3005ﻋﻨد اﻷطواﻝ اﻟﻤوﺠﻴﺔ )– 200 ﺸﺨص طﻴف اﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﺘﺤت اﻟﺤﻤراء ﻟﻠﻤﺎدة ﺒﺠﻬﺎز Infra
(4000ﻨﺎﻨوﻤﻴﺘر ﺒطرﻴﻘﺔ .Thin film Red Spectrophotometerﻨوع Pye – unicam
2.5.2طﻴف اﻟرﻨﻴن اﻟﻨووي اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎطﻴﺴﻲ و طﻴف اﻟﻛﺘﻠﺔ NMR and GC Mass
اﻟﺼﻴﻐﺔ اﻟﺠزﻴﺌﻴﺔ و ﺘرﻛﻴﺒﻬﺎ اﻟﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻲ إذ ﺘم اﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻝ ﻓﻲ أﺴﺘﺨدم ﺠﻬﺎزي طﻴف اﻟرﻨﻴن اﻟﻨووي اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎطﻴﺴﻲ و طﻴف
ﻤﺨﺘﺒرات ﺠﺎﻤﻌﺔ أﻫﻝ اﻟﺒﻴت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻤﻠﻛﺔ اﻷردﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﻬﺎﺸﻤﻴﺔ. اﻟﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﻟﺘﺸﺨﻴص اﻟﻤواد اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ و ﻟﻤﻌرﻓﺔ وزﻨﻬﺎ اﻟﺠزﻴﺌﻲ و
.3اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ
1.3اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ اﻟﻤﺌوﻴﺔ ﻟﻠزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎر اﻟﻤﻌزوﻝ
ﺤﺴﺒت اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺌوﻴﺔ ﻟﻠزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎر اﻟﻤﻌزوﻝ ﻛﻤﺎ و ﻗد ﺘﺤﻘﻘت ﻨﺴﺒﻪ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎر وﺒﻠﻐت ). % (18.83
2.3اﻟﻛﺸوﻓﺎت اﻟﻨوﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎر اﻟﻤﻌزوﻝ ﻤن اﻟﻨﺒﺎت ﻗﻴد اﻟدراﺴﺔ
اﻟﻘﻠوﻴــﺎت و اﻟﺼــﺎﺒوﻨﻴﺎت و اﻟﺘﺎﻨﻴﻨــﺎت .ﻛﻤــﺎ أظﻬــرت اﻟﻨﺘــﺎﺌﺞ أظﻬــرت ﻫــذﻩ اﻟﻛﺸــوﻓﺎت إﺤﺘ ـواء اﻟزﻴــت اﻟﻤﻌــزوﻝ ﻤــن
إﺤﺘـ ـ ـ ـواء اﻟزﻴ ـ ـ ــت اﻟطﻴ ـ ـ ــﺎر اﻟﻤﻌ ـ ـ ــزوﻝ ﻤ ـ ـ ــن ﻨﺒ ـ ـ ــﺎت اﻟﻘرﻨﻔ ـ ـ ــﻝ ﻨﺒﺎت اﻟﻘرﻨﻔﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘرﺒﻨوﻴدات اﻟﺜﻼﺜﻴﺔ و اﻟﺘرﺒﻴﻨﺎت اﻟﺜﻼﺜﻴـﺔ
S.aromaticumﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤرﻛﺒﺎت اﻟﻔﻴﻨوﻟﻴﺔ ﺠدوﻝ ). (1 أو اﻷﺴـ ــﺘروﻻت و ﻋـ ــدم إﺤﺘ ـ ـواءﻩ ﻋﻠـ ــﻰ اﻟﻛﻼﻴﻛوﺴـ ــﻴدات و
اﻟﻛﺎرﺒوﻫﻴـ ـ ــدرات و اﻟﻤرﻛﺒـ ـ ــﺎت اﻟﺒﺒﺘﻴدﻴـ ـ ــﺔ و اﻟﻔﻼﻓوﻨﻴـ ـ ــدات و
142
ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﺃﺑﺣﺎﺙ ﺍﻟﺑﺻﺭﺓ )) ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﻳﺎﺕ (( ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ . 39ﺍﻟﺟﺯء ( 2013 ) ........ B . 4
ﺷﻛﻝ )(1ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺯﻳﺕ ﺍﻟﻁﻳﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻣﻌﺯﻭﻝ ﻣﻥ ﻧﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺭﻧﻔﻝ S.aromaticumﺿﺩ ﺑﻌﺽ ﺍﻟﺑﻛﺗﺭﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑﺭﻩ
143
ضﻱﺌذﻙﻤﺎﺌ ةئﻙﻕذﻤﻑك ...Syzygium aromaticum
ﺡﺔﻱ ة ه ﺡ ِﻠﺌخى ه ﻠﺡ ﺯ م:ﻉرك هﺔﻤﻕﻱ ﺒ هﺔﺴﺥﻱ ش ﻠذﻘ ائﻙﻱهﺝﻤهك Eugenolﻠ مئﻙرﻱ ةئﻙ
ﺠدوﻝ) (2اﻗطﺎر اﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴط ﻟﻠزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎر اﻟﻌزوﻝ ﻤن ﻨﺒﺎت S.aromaticumﻤﻘﺎﺴﺔ ﺒﺎﻟﻤﻠم) .(mm
144
ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﺃﺑﺣﺎﺙ ﺍﻟﺑﺻﺭﺓ )) ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﻳﺎﺕ (( ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ . 39ﺍﻟﺟﺯء ( 2013 ) ........ B . 4
ﺠدوﻝ ) (4ﺤزم اﻻﻤﺘﺼﺎص و اﻟﻤﺠﺎﻤﻴﻊ اﻟﺘرﻛﻴﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﺌدة ﻟﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ طﻴف اﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﺘﺤت اﻟﺤﻤراء ) (IRﻟﻠزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎر اﻟﻤﻌزوﻝ ﻤن ﻨﺒﺎت
اﻟﻘرﻨﻔﻝ.
CH 3 CH 2 st
R R R R 2930
ﺸﻛﻝ ) (2طﻴف اﻷﺸﻌﺔ ﺘﺤت اﻟﺤﻤراء ) (IRﻟﻠزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎر اﻟﻤﻌزوﻝ ﻤن ﻨﺒﺎت اﻟﻘرﻨﻔﻝ
ﺒﺎﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ اﻟـ DMSOﻛﻤذﻴب ﻗﻴم اﻹزاﺤﺎت اﻟﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ أظﻬرت ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ طﻴف اﻟرﻨﻴن اﻟﻨووي اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎطﻴﺴﻲ ﻟﻠزﻴت
ﻟﻠﻤرﻛب ﻛﻤﺎ ﻴوﻀﺢ اﻟﺠدوﻝ ) (5و ﺸﻛﻝ ).(3 اﻟطﻴﺎر اﻟﻤﻌزوﻝ ﻤن ﻨﺒﺎت اﻟﻘرﻨﻔﻝ S. aromaticum
145
ضﻱﺌذﻙﻤﺎﺌ ةئﻙﻕذﻤﻑك ...Syzygium aromaticum
ﺡﺔﻱ ة ه ﺡ ِﻠﺌخى ه ﻠﺡ ﺯ م:ﻉرك هﺔﻤﻕﻱ ﺒ هﺔﺴﺥﻱ ش ﻠذﻘ ائﻙﻱهﺝﻤهك Eugenolﻠ مئﻙرﻱ ةئﻙ
ﺠدوﻝ ) (5ﻗﻴم اﻹ زاﺤﺎت اﻟﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ طﻴف اﻟرﻨﻴن اﻟﻨووي اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎطﻴﺴﻲ ) (H1NMRﻟﻠزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎر اﻟﻤﻌزوﻝ ﻤن ﻨﺒﺎت اﻟﻘرﻨﻔﻝ
P P
CH 6.0
OH 8.74
ﺸﻛﻝ ) (3طﻴف اﻟرﻨﻴن اﻟﻨووي اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎطﻴﺴﻲ ) (H1NMRﻟﻠزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎر اﻟﻤﻌزوﻝ ﻤن ﻨﺒﺎت اﻟﻘرﻨﻔﻝ
P P
146
ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﺃﺑﺣﺎﺙ ﺍﻟﺑﺻﺭﺓ )) ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﻳﺎﺕ (( ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ . 39ﺍﻟﺟﺯء ( 2013 ) ........ B . 4
أظﻬرت ﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ طﻴف اﻟﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﻟﻠزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎر اﻟﻤﻌزوﻝ ﻤن ﻨﺒﺎت S. aromaticumﺒﺄن اﻟوزن اﻟﺠزﻴﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻤرﻛب ﻫو 164داﻟﺘون
)ﺸﻛﻝ .(4
147
ضﻱﺌذﻙﻤﺎﺌ ةئﻙﻕذﻤﻑك ...Syzygium aromaticum
ﺡﺔﻱ ة ه ﺡ ِﻠﺌخى ه ﻠﺡ ﺯ م:ﻉرك هﺔﻤﻕﻱ ﺒ هﺔﺴﺥﻱ ش ﻠذﻘ ائﻙﻱهﺝﻤهك Eugenolﻠ مئﻙرﻱ ةئﻙ
OH
OCH3
CH2CH CH2
ﺸﻛﻝ ) (5اﻟﺘرﻛﻴب اﻟﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺌﻲ ﻟﻠﻤرﻛب اﻟﻤﺘوﻗﻊ ﻟﻠزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎر اﻟﻤﻌزوﻝ ﻤن ﻨﺒﺎت اﻟﻘرﻨﻔﻝ
. 4اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ
1.4اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ اﻟﻤﺌوﻴﻪ ﻟﻠزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎر اﻟﻤﻌزوﻝ ﻤن اﻟﻨﺒﺎت ﻗﻴد اﻟدراﺴﺔ
اﻟﻘرﻨﻔ ــﻝ ﺘﺘـ ـراوح ﺒ ــﻴن ) %(20–14و ﻟﻛ ــن ﺘﺨﺘﻠ ــف ﻤ ــﻊ ﻤ ــﺎ اظﻬرت اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ أن ﻨﺒﺎت اﻟﻘرﻨﻔﻝ ﻗد أﻋطﻰ ﻨﺴﺒﺔ زﻴـت
ﺘوﺼﻝ إﻟﻴﻪ] [17ﺤﻴث ﺒﻠﻐـت اﻟﻨﺴـﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺌوﻴـﺔ ﻟﻠزﻴـت اﻟطﻴـﺎر طﻴ ــﺎر ﺒﻠﻐ ــت %18.83و ﻫ ــﻲ ﻤﻘﺎرﺒ ــﺔ ﻟﻨﺘ ــﺎﺌﺞ] [16ﺤﻴ ــث
اﻟﻤﻌزوﻝ ﻤن ﻨﺒﺎت اﻟﻘرﻨﻔﻝ .%2.78 أﺸـ ــﺎر إﻟـ ــﻰ أن ﻨﺴـ ــﺒﺔ اﻟزﻴـ ــت اﻟطﻴـ ــﺎر اﻟﻤﻌـ ــزوﻝ ﻤـ ــن ﻨﺒـ ــﺎت
2.4اﻟﻛﺸوﻓﺎت اﻟﻨوﻋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠزﻴت اﻟطﻴﺎراﻟﻤﻌزوﻝ ﻤن ﻨﺒﺎت اﻟﻘرﻨﻔﻝ.
ﻫـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــذا ﻴﺘﻔـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــق ﻤـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﻊ د ارﺴـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﺎت أﺨـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــرى ﻤﻨﻬـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﺎ د ارﺴـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﺔ أظﻬــرت اﻟﻨﺘــﺎﺌﺞ اﻟﻤﺒﻴﻨــﺔ ﻓــﻲ ﺠــدوﻝ ) (1إﺤﺘ ـواء اﻟزﻴــت
].[18ﻛﻤــﺎ أﺸــﺎر ] [8إﻟــﻰ إﺤﺘ ـواء زﻴــت ﻨﺒــﺎت اﻟﻘرﻨﻔــﻝ ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟطﻴ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ـ ــﺎر
اﻟﺘرﺒﻴﻨﺎت اﻟﺜﻼﺜﻴﺔ و اﻟﺘرﺒﻨوﻴدات و اﻟﻤرﻛﺒﺎت اﻟﻔﻴﻨوﻟﻴﺔ. اﻟﻤﻌــزوﻝ ﻤــن ﻨﺒــﺎت اﻟﻘرﻨﻔــﻝ ﻋﻠــﻰ اﻟﻤرﻛﺒــﺎت اﻟﻔﻴﻨوﻟﻴ ــﺔ ،و
148
ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﺃﺑﺣﺎﺙ ﺍﻟﺑﺻﺭﺓ )) ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻣﻳﺎﺕ (( ﺍﻟﻌﺩﺩ . 39ﺍﻟﺟﺯء ( 2013 ) ........ B . 4
149
...Syzygium aromaticum ضﻱﺌذﻙﻤﺎﺌ ةئﻙﻕذﻤﻑك
ﻠ مئﻙرﻱ ةئﻙEugenol ﻉرك هﺔﻤﻕﻱ ﺒ هﺔﺴﺥﻱ ش ﻠذﻘ ائﻙﻱهﺝﻤهك:ﺡﺔﻱ ة ه ﺡ ِﻠﺌخى ه ﻠﺡ ﺯ م
اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر
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...Syzygium aromaticum ضﻱﺌذﻙﻤﺎﺌ ةئﻙﻕذﻤﻑك
ﻠ مئﻙرﻱ ةئﻙEugenol ﻉرك هﺔﻤﻕﻱ ﺒ هﺔﺴﺥﻱ ش ﻠذﻘ ائﻙﻱهﺝﻤهك:ﺡﺔﻱ ة ه ﺡ ِﻠﺌخى ه ﻠﺡ ﺯ م
Islation and Purfication and diagnosis of compound Aleugnol from volatile oil of Cloves
plant Syzygium aromaticum and study its antibacterial activity.
Abstact
The current study included volatile oil extraction from the cloves plant Sayzygium
aromaticum isolate and purify the diagnosis composite Aleugenol Eugenol, Using some
chemical spectral techniques such as Thine Layare Chromatography(TLC),Infra-Red spctrum
(IR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(H1NMR) and Gas Chromatography Mass
P P
152