M U RT E E S S A A D A B B I I

YA K K O O TA S A D A R K A A N H I N B A A N E E F Dhiyeessaan
Milki M
 3.2. SHALLAGGII ADABBII YAKKOOTA SADARKAAN HIN
BAANEEF

3.2.1 Yakkoota Adabbii Hidhaatiin Adabsiisan /Kwt 19

1. Keewwatni himatamaan jalatti badii jedhame filannoo adabbii hidhaa salphaafi cimaa
yoo qabate, lamaan keessaa tokko filachuu
2. Keewwatni jalatti badii jedhame adabbii hidhaa ykn qarshiitiin kan adabsiisuu yoo ta’e,
lamaan keessaa tokko filachuu
3. Adabbiin hidhaa yoo filatame, adabbii seera yakkaa kutaa addaa irratti ibsame jalqabaa
hanga baaxii isaa bakka wal-qixa afuritti qooduu.
4. Sadarkaan yakkichaa GA, GG, OL jechuun addaan qooduu; gulantaa 1,2,3 jedhamu.
Gochaan yakkichaa baay’ee cimaa yoo ta’e sadarkaa 4.
5. Reenjii gulantaa yakkichaa adda bahe jalatti adabbii ka’uumsaa murteessuu - 19(8-
10).
6. Adabbii murteesse gabatee maxxantuu 1 jalaa gulantaa kam jalatti akka kufu ilaaluu.
Adabbiin ka’uumsaa murtaa’e gulantaa walitti aanan lama keessatti kan kufu yoo ta’e,
 Adabbii hidhaa cimaa yookin salphaa keessaa filachuu

 Tumaan himatamaan jalatti ‘balleessaa’ jedhame Adabbii hidhaa cimaa

yookin salphaa bifa jedhuun filannoon kan teechise yoo ta’e, lameen
keessaa isa tokko haala kamiin filannee adabna?

 >> Tumaa qajeelfama adabbii kwt 19/2/ fi /5/ fi tumaalee SY /106 fi 108/ waliin
ilaallamuu qaba.
Keewwata 106. Hidhaa Salphaa
 Hidhaa salphaan nama yakka ciminni isaa giddugaleessa ta’e
raawwateefi balleessichis hawaasichaaf baay’ee balaafamaa fakkaatee yeroo hin
mul’annetti adabbii bilisummaa dhabsiisuuf murtaa’uudha.
 Hidhaa salphaan guyyaa 10 irraa hanga waggaa 3 gahuu ni danda’a.
Keewwata 108. Hidhaa Cimaa
 Adabbiin hidhaa cimaa kan murtaa’u, kanneen yakka cimaa raawwataniifi
keessumattuu yakkamtoota hawaasichaaf balaafamoo ta’an irrattidha.
 Kaayyoo adabbii
 Qajeeltoowwan adabbii
Dhimma
AA vs Jamulee Adiloo, MMA Shaallaa, Lakk G 13217, 27/4/2009
 Himatamaan goromsa qa.5500 baastu dhoksuun kwt 682/1/ jalatti badii
jedhame.
 Keewwatni kun hidhaa salphaa yookin dubbiin isaa cimaa yoo ta’e adabbii
hidhaa cimaa waggaa 5 hin caalleen adabsiisa
 MM: adabbii hidhaa cimaa filateera.
 Sababni teechises yakkichi haala mijaawaa eeggachuudhaan kan
raawwatame.
Adabbii qarshii ykn hidhaa keessaa filachuuf maal
bu’uureffanna?

 SY Keewwata 87 vs Keewwata 1
 The punishment that help to achieve the purpose of criminal law.
 SY keewwata 88/2
 individual guilt, gravity of the crime, motive, individual circumstance etc
 SY keewwata 88/3
 from the lightest to the most severe punishment
Fkn: 1
MMA Adaamaa, Lakk G 95348,
 Himatamtuun SY kwt 580 jalatti doorsisuudhaan (iddoo lamatti si baasee
si ajjeesee mana hidhaa gala jechuun) kan himatamte yoo ta’u,
 MM: sababa yakkichi kan raawwatame firoota gidduutti waan ta’eef
(miidhamtuun amaatii ishii waan taateef) kunis safuu biyya keenyaa
gadi dhiisuu waan ta’eef jechuudhaan adabbii hidhaa filateera.
Sadarkaa Yakkaa Murteessuu

Qajeelfama adabbii kwt 19/5/, 19/2

Sadarkaa yakkichaa Gad aanaa (sad.1ffaa), Giddu-galeessa (sad. 2ffaa) ykn

ol’aanaa (sad.3ffaa) jechuun addaan qooduuf
 Haala raawwii yakkichaa,
 Akaakuufi hamma miidhaa dhaqqabee,
 Faayidaa argame,
 Yakkichi durfamee itti yaadamee raawwatamuu fi dhabuu isaa, fi
 Yakkichi dagannoon gocha raawwatame yoo ta’e dagannoon kun
Dagannoo beekamaa ykn
Dagannoo hin beekamne ta’u isaa fi k.k.f gargaaramu ni danda’a.
Itti aansuun gulantaa adabbii adda baasuudhaaf:

• Sadarkaan yakkichaa erga addaan bahee booda gulantaan adabbii akka adda
ba’uuf kutaa addaa seerichaa keessa dhaquudhaan garaagarummaa adabbii
ka’uumsaa fi baaxii gidduu jiru 4’f walqixatti qoodama:

(1/4) = Baaxii – Ka’umsa

4
Gulantaa • Adabbii Ka’umsaatii hanga (Adabbii Ka’umsaa +
1ffaa Range)

Gulantaa • Baaxii Gul. 1ffaatii hanga (Baaxii Gul 1ffaa +

2ffaa Range)

Gulantaa
3ffaa • Baaxii Gul. 2ffaatii hanga (BG 2ffaa + Range)

Gulantaa
4ffaa • Baaxii Gul. 3ffaatii hanga (BG 3ffaa + Range)
Fakkeenyaaf

 Kew. 494(1) – Gubiinsa Abiddaa Geessisuun hidhaa cimaa Waggaa 10 hin caalle
adabsiisa.
 Hidhaa Cimaa Waggaa 1-10

 Range = 10-1 = 9/4 = 2.25 (Waggaa 2 fi ji’a 3)

4

 Gulantaa 1ffaa = Waggaa 1 hanga (W1 + W2J3) (W3J3)

 Gulantaa 2ffaa = W3J3 hanga (W3J3 + W2J3) (W5J6)
 Gulantaa 3ffaa = W5J6 hanga (W5J6 + W2J3) (W7J9)
 Gulantaa 4ffaa = W7J9 hanga (W7J9 + W2J3) (W10)
Kana keessaa isa sila sadarkaan isaa salphaa, g/galeessa, cimaa jechuun adda baafate
buu’ureffachuun Gulantaa filate fudhata.
PROCL
AMATI
ON 881
SY KWT 587
HIDHAA CIMAA WAGGAA 3-10
Waggaa 10 –wagga 3 = wagga 7
Waggaa 7/4 =wagga 1.75 (wagga 1 fi baatii 9)

Gulantaa 1ffaa = wagga 3 hanga wagga 4 fi baatii 9

Gulantaa 2ffaa = wagga 4 fi baatii 9 hanga wagga 6 fi baatii 6
Gulantaa 3ffaa = wagga 6 fi baatii 6 hanga wagga 8 fi baatii 3
Gulantaa 4ffaa = wagga 8 fi baatii sadii hanga wagga 10
• Yakkichi salphaa jedhamee ture taanaan gulantaa 1ffaa keessa isa jiru hidhaa cimaa W1 - W3.3
fudhannee kana gidduudhaa adabbii ka’umsaa murteessina (Qaj. Kwt. 19(8))
Fkn. Adabbii ka’umsaa hidhaa cimaa waggaa 2 haa fudhannu
Waggaan 2 - Miltoo 1ffaa jala Gul. 10ffaa keessatti argama

Gulantaa 10 + {sababa adabbii cimsu

waliigalaa (yoo jiraate) > sababa adabbii
salphisu waliigalaa (yoo jiraate) > sababa
adabbii cimsu addaa (yoo jiraate) > adabbii
xumuraa kennuu}

 Sababootni adabbii cimsanii fi salphisan yoo hin jiraanne kallattumaan adabbii murteessina.
Dhimma
 Himatamaa dhaddacha jeequun SY kwt 441/2/ jalatti balleessaa jedhame,
‘himatamaan kun kanaan dura yakka biraatiin adabamee kan irraa hin baranne
waan ta’eef’ jedhamuun sadarkaa yakkichaa ‘ol’aanaa’ qabameera (MMO
Go/Booranaa, Lakk G 11635).

Dhimma
 Himatamaan dagannoodhaan konkolaataa oofu kuffisuun miidhaa qa. 18,000
geessisee SY kwt 572/1/ jalatti balleessaa taasifameera. MM adabbii qarshii
filachuun yakkichi sababa daguun raawwatameef sadarkaa yakkichaa gad-aanaa
qabateera (MMA Shaashamannee, Lakk G 59097)
Dhimma
 Dhimma biraa keessatti hojjetaan eegumsaa hojii isaa dagachuun foddaan
mana barnootaa cabee kompiitarri Dell qa. 20,000 baasu fudhatamee
SY kwt 420/1/ jalatti balleessaa jedhame. Sababa ‘himatamaan dirqama
hojii isaa bahuuf ofeeggannoo gochuu qabu dagachuu isaa’ jedhuun
sadarkaa ol’aanaa qabateera (MMO Go/Sh/Kaabaa, Lakk G 61175)

 Sababa MM sadarkaa kana qabachuuf gargaarame akkamitti ilaaltu?

Dhimma

 Dhimmi kun MMWO DhB galmee lakk.301343 ta’e irratti ilaalamee kan
xumurameedha. Ka’umsi dhimmichaa A/A Aanaa Adamaa himatamaan seera liizii
federaalaa labsii lakk.721/2004 keewwata 35(1) (B) ykn Danbii lafa magaalaa
naannoo Oromiyaa liiziin bulchuuf irra deebidhaan bahe lakk.182/2008 keewwata 63
irra darbuun hayyama malee lafa mootummaa 200m2 qabachuun mana osoo irratti
ijaaraa jiruu waan argameef jechuun himatee jira.
 Manni murtiis himatamaa keewwatuma kana jalaatti balleessaa taasisee jira. Adabbii
ilaalchisee….sadarkaa gadi aanaa qabanne jedheera.

 Sababa MM sadarkaa kana qabachuuf gargaarame akkamitti ilaaltu?

 Jildii 18ffaa, 111006, 2007
• አመልካቹ ጥፋተኛ የተባለበት የወ/ህግ አንቀጽ 676(2) (ሀ) ነው፡፡
• ከአንድ ዓመት በማያንስ ቀላል እስራት ወይም ከ15 ዓመት በማይበልጥ ፅኑ እስራት እንድሚያስቀጣ ተደንግጎኣል፡፡
• የፌ/ከ/ፍ/ቤ/ት፡
• የቀላል እስራትን አማራጭ በመውወሰድ ደረጃውን ዝቅተኛ ብሎኣል፡፡
• መነሻ ቅጣት 3 ዓመት ከ6 ወር እስራት ወስዶ የተከሳሽን የቅጣት ማቅለያ ምክንያት ከግምት በማስገባት ተከሳሽ
በ2 ዓመት ከ7 ወር እስራት እንዲቀጣ ወስኗል፡፡
• አመልካች የሰበር አቤቱታ ያቀረበው በዚህ ውሳኔ ሊይ ሲሆን፤ የሰበር አቤቱታው ይዘትም “ይግባኝ ሰሚው ፍ/ቤት
የእስራት ቅጣት አማራጭን ከያዘ ቦኃላ ቅጣቱን ሲያሰላ በልዩ ህጉ የተደነገገውን የ 1 ዓመት እስራት በወንጀል ህጉ
አንቀጽ 106 የተመለከተውን የእስራት ቅጣት መድረሻ ጣራ ያለአግባብ በማለፍ 15 ዓመት መያዙ መሠረታዊ የህግ
ስህተት ነው፡፡
• የሰበር ውሳኔ፡
 ደረጃ እና እርከን ላልወጣላቸው ወንጀሎች ቅጣት ስሌት ሲሠራ በወንጀል ህጉ ጠቅላላ ክፍል ስር ያሉት አንቀጽ
106/1/ እና 109/1/ ድንጋጌዎች ከግንዛቤ ውስጥ መግባት ያለባቸው ስለመሆኑ፤
 ከወንጀል ህጉ አንቀጽ 106(1) ጋር በማገናዘብ በቅጣት አወሳሰን መመሪያ ቁ. 2/2006 አንቀጽ 19(6) መሠረት እርከን
አንድ ከ 1 ዓመት እስከ 1 ዓመት ከ6 ወር ይሆናል የወንጀልን አፈፃፀምና ክብደት መሠረት በማድረግ ቀላል ወንጀል
ደረጃ የተሰጠው በመሆኑ በዚህ እርከን አንድ ውስጥ መነሻ ቅጣቱ 1 ዓመት ከ4 ወር እንዲሆን ወስነናል፡፡ መነሻ ቅጣቱ
በቅጣት አወሳሰን መመሪያው የቅጣት ሠንጠረዥ እርከን 7 ከ 1 ዓመት እስከ 1 ዓመት ከ6 ወር በሚለው ስር
ይወድቃል፡፡
Adabbii Maallaqaa
Adeemsa adabbiin maallaqaa ittiin murtaa’u

Yakka sadarkaa fi gulantaan hin baaneef yeroo ta’u (Kwt 19/12, 26/1/c//):
• Sadarkaa ol’aanaatiif hanga baaxii adabbii tumaa keessatti tumameetti,

• Sadarkaa Giddugaleessi baaxii - 1/3 x(baaxii) hanga gahutti,

• Sadarkaa gadi aanaan hanga baaxii - 2/3 x (baaxii) gahutti ni adabsiisa.

Isa argamu baaxii olaanaa godhannee,
SY badii jedhame jalatti adabbiin qarshii xiqqaan meeqa akka ta’e adda baasuu
Reenjicha jidduutti bu’uura SY kwt 90 /2/tiin adabbii murteessuu
Kutaa addaa seerichaa keessati ka’umsa adabbii maallaqaa kaa’ame (yoo jiraate) irraa
gadi bu’uun hin danda’amu.
Fkn:
• SY kwt.580: namni kwt kana jalatti himatame tokko adabbii qarshiitu barsiisa
jedhamee qarshiin filatameeraaf. (Hanga 500.00 adabama) gulantaa adabbii
yakkichaa baasuuf.
 Sadarkaa gad aanaa = 500x2/3 = 333.33
500-333.33 = 166.66, (10.00 – 166.66),
 Sadarkaa giddu galeessaa = 500x1/3 = 166.66
500-166.66 = 333.33, (10.00 – 333.33),
 Sadarkaa olaanaa = hanga qarshii 500 ta’a jechuudha.
Dhimma
• Dhimma MMA Shaallaa galmee lakk. 13217 ta’e irratti murtii argate dha.
Himatamaan yakka dhoksaa raawwachuun SY kwt 682/1/ jalatti balleessaa
jedhameera. Manni murtii adabbii qarshii ilaalchisee sadarkaa yeroo baasu qa. 10
fi 10,000 jidduu garaagarummaa jiru bakka saditti (10-3333, 3334-6666, 6667-
10000) erga qoodeen booda sadarkaa giddu galeessa qabatee baaxii gadaanaa
3334, baaxii olaanaa immoo 6666 qabateera. Kana keessatti adabbii ka’uumsaa
qa. 3350 qabatee gulantaa 3ffaa jalatti kuffisuun gara yaada adabbii ilaaluutti
darbeera.
Gaaffii marii
 Haala shallaggii MM kana qaj.kwt.7(2) fi 19(12) fi s/y kwt.90(1) waliin
Qajeelfama adabbii Kwt 20
• Kutaa addaa seera yakkichaa ykn seerota adda addaa keessatti yakka raawwatameef
‘discretionary power’ M/Murtiif kan hin kennamne yoo ta’e (adabbiin ‘fixed ta’e kan
kaa’ame yoo ta’e) innumti adabbii ka’umsaa ta’ee fudhatama!
Fkn
a. Adabbii du’aa,
b. Adabbii hidhaa umurii guutuu
c. Waggaa 10, 5, 20 kkf
d. Maallaqa 10,000, 100,000, 50,000 kkf jedhamee adda bahee yeroo
ibsame.
• Kutaa addaa seera yakkichaa ykn seerota adda addaa keessatti yakka
raawwatameef adabbiin ka’ame adabbii filannoo 2 hin caalle kan ka’ame yoo
ta’e qajeelfama kana bu’uureffachuu osoo hin barbaachisiin yakkichi salphaa ykn
cimaa jechuun addaan baasna.
• Salphaa yoo ta’e filannoo gad aanaa, cimaa yoo ta’e filannoo ol’aanaa jechuun
adabbii ka’umsaa ta’ee fudhatama
XUMURA!