(Corrosion)

1.


2. O2 H2O Fe2O3
(Rust)
3. .. 2525

Fe2O3
CuO Al2O3

4.
Fe2O3 , CuO
Al2O3
5. Fe2O3 ,
Al2O3 , CuO
6.


7. E0
( 1A) Na K
( 2A) Mg Ca

8.
8.1 ( Au ,Ag , Pt )

Mg (s) + 2H+(aq)
Mg2+(aq) +
H2(g)8.2 E0
Fe(E0r = -0.409 V)
Cu2+(E0r = +0.3402 V) Cu2+ Fe

Fe(s) + Cu2+(aq)
Fe2+(aq) +
Cu(s)8.3 O2


1..


2Fe(s) + O2(g)
2FeO(s)
4Fe(s) + 3O2(g)
2Fe2O3(s)
3Fe(s) + 2O2(g)
Fe3O4(s)

 2.

Fe(s) + 2H+(aq)

Fe2+(aq) + H2(g)

2Fe(s) + 6H+(aq)

2Fe3+(aq) + 3H2(g)

E0cell=0.409 V
E0cell=0.036 V

O2 Fe2+ Fe3+

4Fe2+(aq) + O2(g) + 4H+(aq)

4Fe3+(aq) + 2H2O(l) E0cell=0.46 V

E0cell

 3.

E0cell
H+

Fe(s) + 2H+(aq)

Fe2+(aq) + H2(g) E0cell=0.409 V

E0cell

1 mol/dm3

110-7 mol/dm3

 4.

Fe2+

Fe(s)
Fe2+(aq) + 2eE0=0.409 V

O2
O2(g) + 2H2O(l) + 2e4OH-(aq) E0=0.401 V
(II) :
2Fe(s) + O2(g) + 2H2O(l)
2Fe2+(aq) + 4OH-(aq)
E0=0.810 V
Fe2+ OH-

Fe(OH)2 H2O O2

4Fe(OH)2(s) + O2(g) + 2H2O(l)

2Fe(OH)3(s)

4Fe(OH)3(s)
Fe2O3 .H2O(s) + 2H2O(l)

Fe2O3 .nH2O Fe2O3 .H2O ,
Fe2O3 .3H2O

 5.

2
Fe2+

Fe(s)
Fe2+(aq) + 2eE0=0.409 V
O2

O2(g) + 2H2O(l) + 4e4OH-(aq) E0=0.401 V

Fe2+ OH-

galvanic corrosions

O2 O2
Cu(s)
Cu2+(aq) +2eE0 = -0.34 V
O2(g) + H2O(l) + 4e4OH-(aq) E0 = +0.401 V


Cu(s) + O2(g) + 2H2O(l) + 4eCu2+(aq) + 4OH-(aq)
E0cell=0.061 V
Fe(s) + O2(g) + 2H2O(l) + 4eFe2+(aq) + 4OH-(aq)
E0cell=0.810 V

(E0cell=0.810 V)

Over voltage
O2
16.5
Over voltage O2
Over voltage O2 H2O

 6.

( E0
Zn , Mg )
Cathodic protection


Zn(s)
Zn2+(aq) + 2eE0 = 0.763 V

O2
O2(g) + 2H2O(l) + 4e4OH-(aq) E0 = 0.401 V

2Zn(s) + O2(g) + 2H2O(l)

2Zn2+(aq) + 4OH-(aq)

E0cell=1.164 V

Cathodic protection

Galvanized iron