CHEMICAL BONDING-3

Date- 9 August 2021

LEWIS DOT STRUCTURES ASSIGNMENT
HF-IE-nwnpoandseoeo. int
pounds containing cationic and anionic species .

•
Mostly formed during combination of metallic and

non - metallic element .

•
Cationic Species are
formed by metallic elements

* ion
eneetpt . .

•
Amnionic species is formed by non -
metallic elements

encept Mnoy?
State compound
In
Ergs trotline ionic consist of
•
,

and anions
orderly 3-D
arrangement of
cations

in space held together by electrostatic forces .

Structure ionic Solid in

crystalline state
of
•

defends upon
111 Beige of tons

121
Packing of ions in Space .
By 3D -

orderly arrangement of cations and onions

in Space is called as 'ieɥ .

•• a-

Malti
••

.•¥•• ;•y
• - - -
•o • _•
. - ••E•••
••¥zi;• •É1•
✗ ✗

_¥EÉ
••
Energy is released
during formation of crystal
lattice is called as
*¥Egy!
Haig , -→
Monty, * e- II#¥= 495.8
RHmole

Ekg , # Cig µg☒*==#¥AA= -348.77

e- →

,
KII mole

Matty , * El
,-g ,
-
Moneys, *☒#E= -788
KS/mole
¥84 Stability of Ionic
compounds depends upon the

absorbed to dissociate lattice

amount
of energy
of The Bionic compound .

absorbed dissociate lattice

Energy to ionic into
•

its constituent ions is called Mattice

at
enthalpy .

Matt * el Noel *
Energy
Tg
#
ig , , - -
,

crystalline lattice
energy

Noel is , *
Energy -
Matty ,
*
eig,
EFF 11 attiee enthalpy)

• * attire
Energy depends upon
111 ☒
harge •# Horns

II I § ize of ions

131 Extent of close

packing of ions / crystal geometry)
Rottier
enthalpy *
charge of ions
✗
1r**¥
 }
+2
,→

Ig . {
Kisi et:*?
, piigoi → +3

Order of lattice
enthalpy MgO
t.it?kBreg-FeIio-ife+ioi
: >

Order
of lattice enthalpy : Fez 03 > Feo

• Born -
Haber cycle is used to calculate lattice

enthalpy of the ionic compound .

t¥fIoniecompound_
111 #Iysicalstate :
generally Solid .

121
MILEY poi-m-E.org Point: High
131 Solubility
Dielectric constant
*
solid in a
solubility of ionic ✗

ofsoobvent.lt/fMoTE-:Di1ectrie
Solvent

constant
of a liquid is measure

of ahbility of liquid solvent to weaken electrostatic

forces between cation canned onion .

 Ctb

¢1,2 §
-

OHH
-

RH ,
,
t
☒oloent Kloten Methanol Acetone Diethyl Benzene
-

Ether
ilectrie Constant 8D 333 It 4.1 23
-
- ÷ -

Universal organic -
Solvent .

Solvent

Ionic compounds are more Soluble in water

"

and less / insoluble Solvent

inorganic .

IÉIgNature : trowel conductors in molten

form
•

and
aqueous form
in .

•
Iim : No isomerism is shown by ionic

compounds because
01¥ non - directional nature of ionic

bond .

•
I phismm: ⑨ now isomorphism i. e. Similar

Structure
Crystal .

G. ¥I&f÷É are
isomorphous .

2n
$04.771120 # e9oy 771120
.
 and Potassium

e-eg.to#FY-
sulfonate are

=Epnous .

K£$0y

H# t-REXftaetoniecompounds
or
Fa$an"s-R→
• No Ionic
compound is too % Ionic .

• Relative Ionic Ihara@ ten

depends upon
111
Charge of the Ioannes .

let Fife of the Ions .

131 Electronic configuration of elation great feat .

AI # of an's rule is used to compare relative non -

ionic character covalent / character in the ionic

compound .

•
According to # afan 's rule non -
ionic character
/
Covalent character in an ionic compound are

due
PgatfAbyeatioa
"
to
 # ① = ☒- ¥
i.
*
-1
i

De # or need onion

/ Polarized anion)

depends upon
'
Non -
ionic character

111 Polarization Power of cation

Polarization Power
Of Cationic
✗
Cation charge

¥É
✗

1721 Polarizability of Anion .

Polarizability of Anion ✗ Anionic

charge
✗ Anionic Size .

#N°" Non ionic

* Polarisation ✗
Polarizability
-

/ covalent
power of
character of AA
-0
e④
 131 Extent # Polarization
c①
Intent Of Polarization X
Polarization power of
✗
Polarizability of A-0
or

/
Non ionic Extent
-

Covalent ✗ Of Polarizability .

character
Character

# Non ionic
-
character in an ionic comped are
favoured
by
111 Jonah cation

Anion
121
Karge
Anionic
131 Higher Cationic or
charge .

141 of cation

Pseudo Noble
gas config
wrath
Less
Polarization
Nor → Nat a
power
[Met →

I-pyiogk.eu
2,8 ,
I
2,8 =

"
--→
Out Vs

2,8 , 18,1 {2,8 ,

18
} PsewdoN§÷
configuration
more Polarizationwer
 "

more Non -
ionic
/ covalent character means

Lower MMP Point

111
Melting
→
.

121 Rower Solubility in water

131
Higher Solubility in
organic solvent

Solution
14 ) lower conductivity in
aqueous
¥ 1551¥ More dark coloured Solid .

④¥,•v .int

T-oniechoro.cl#lI1BeclzEMgek4CeeekeSrckaBceek-
UQ

* Poli : Beth ☒ Mgth >Cat 2) Srtz > Baltimore

Ionic
covalent Power

121 Maf > Mael > Ma Br > MAI

-
Feint Less
Ionic .

Polarizability : # El Br e I
-

-4 E
-
-

#%elz
+2
131 €4 Feel ,

÷¥
-
More ionic Pot Power
.
:
Fet2&fe
 Not } Iwertgos
141 NÑÉep ☒ atte,
- cat } Pseudo
More
Time Inert got
ionic
pp : cute > Matt

•
More Polarisation More dark coloured solid

c. ouzo
fg Mazo
Houseless Rtedcolowr
1-2 *I

*
÷÷÷ 81¥ .im

Ig .

Ag # Angel AgBv AGI Agz$

Ñ☒ari]atin
-
Least polarization t I
t
Poleyellow yellow Dock
'

colourless white
 #
IB-d-arameterslt-IBon-dengtk-Bt.LI
↳ distance b/w two bonded
equi / brian nuclei
of
atoms .

•⑤ = A -
BB d$-B A+rBB
A B

±yB¥
: e -
e • e > e=e

>
④ -

it ⇐ e- *

IN -0 ⇐ e- o

e • EE e e

c -=M ⇐ CEE

BL : th -
ite e # -

# & El -

el 's Br -
Br 9 I -
I

BL : H -
# C H -
el e ti -
Br a
* I
-
?⃝
 -Angk_10-0 )
1721

2
angle between
> orbitals
containing bonding
electrons pairs around central Atom .

☒ BB An

É¥B
,z

• It
Helps in
determining the molecular Shape
molecular
or
geometry .

131 Bond-0-oder-IP.co ) :

↳ Bonds between two Bonded atoms

of
Mo .

Bo*d__ Bondord=
Single bond _=→ I

Double bond =_ 2

Triple bond =_ 33

isoelectronic species Have identical Bond order

8b¥
-

g. #± , !qI÷t¥iIE* 8- of
9¥ #
✗ Itt I Do =L Bo -_ I
 isoelectronic
MM E- MM

e-s.EE?:E;.em-.#-
• Resonance
effects Bond order
of a Molecule
-

G-
¥⇐¥.§§÷
:O ,
✗ ¥É⑤ 3
:

{ B•==±*MMµ÷- }
{
☒
' ⇐*

a- a

Bo = 1 *
*÷ 21=1.55 A ñ A

-70¥ fF Moof☒_

Single I •

Double 1 I

Triple I &
.jo?eg-.coi-2e:o.i--'oi:T:o
±
:
:p
-

Igi
:

to :
o
-

1 ,

-
± -
± -

==I*Nñ_
g- §
Bo == ** =

ME

:O : -1

•¥
Resonatingstraclarei.io#yH
Ig .

µ = µR$
☒

ññ
:O .
.

Bo I #
Mµ÷ ¥
=
± I * =

.IE#-:io:IL.Boo--i*g-
G.
÷
- I

=
1*1-2=3/2--1.5
-
 Bond length ✗
p!
and Oz
¥ Arrange Aka , Oz inn
increasing
order of • -
⑨ Bond
length .

fat Coz and coz

"
order of Bond length
¥ Eo
,
c- 0

(b) Not MOE Order of bond length

and Moz M-0
-

let Cztlb , catty and €211 Order

of C- C bond
length