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pmrsufESm - 8 odkY

7 ? Edk0ifbm ? 2013 ? Mumoyaw;aeY ? twGJ 4 ? trSwf 170

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pmrsufESm - 7 ? acwfudkxif[yfaom pmtkyfrsm;. . . rS tquf

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4 Ekd0ifbm 2013

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9
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]ausmif;om;or* zGp UJ nf;cGi& fh a&;ESihf wuo taqmuf ttkH jyefvnf wnfaqmufa&;} taMumif;udk a&;&r,fqkd&if 1962 ckESpf? Zlvkdifv 7 &ufaeY ausmif;om; ta&;tcif;taMumif; enf;enf;avmuf awmh jyefajymrS jynfhpkHygr,f/ 1962 ckESpf? Zlvdkifv 7 &uf aeYv,fbufrSm wif;usyfwJh taqmif pnf;urf;awGeJY ywfouf &efukefwuodkvf ausmif;om;or*u OD;aqmifNyD; ausmif;om;xk uefYuGuf qEjyyGJwpfckudk jyKvkyf cJhygw,f/ wuodkvfe,fajrxJrSm vSnfhvnf qEjyMuNyD; qEjyyGJ[m at;at;csrf;csrf;eJY NyD;qkH;oGm;ygw,f/ qEjyyGJ Ny;D qk;H Ny;D aemuf rMumrD tcse dr fm S vkNH cKa H &; wyfzGJU0ifrsm;u &efukefwuokdvfausmif;om; or* taqmufttkHudk vQyfwpfjyuf 0ifa&mufpD;eif;NyD;? ausmif;om;acgi;f aqmifawGukd zrf;ygw,f/ ausmif;om; acgi;f aqmif 3 OD; tzrf;cH&Ny;D ausmif;om;acgi;f aqmif trsm;pk[m vGwfajrmufoGm;Muygw,f/ wuo taqmufttkHudk vkHNcHKa&; wyfzGJU0if awGu 0ki d ;f 0ef;pD;eif;wmudk jrifvu kd & f wJh ausmif;om; wcsKdu U atmf[pfowif;ydw Yk t hJ wGuf wuo taqmuf ttke He YJ ;D wJh ausmif;aqmifawGrm S aexki dw f hJ ausmif;om; awG[m taqmifay:u ajy;qif;vmMuNyD;? wuo

NydKus ysufpD;oGm;aom ausmif;om; or* taqmufttHk (1962)

taqmufttkHeJY ausmif;om; acgif;aqmifawGudk tumtuG,f ay;Muygw,f/ wjznf;jznf;eJY A[kd ausmif;aqmifbufu ausmif;om;awGvnf; a&mufvmMuNyD; ausmif;om; ta&twGuf rsm;vmygw,f/ tJ'v D kd tumtuG,a f y;&if;u vkNH cKa H &; wyfz0 UJG if awGeYJ wuov kd a f usmif;om;awG xdyw f u dk f &ifqi dk Mf u &ygw,f/ naebufrSmawmh vkHNcKHa&; wyfzGJUawGu aoewfypfcwfwe hJ nf;eJY ajz&Si;f wJt h wGuf ausmif;om; trsm;tjym; aoqkH;cJh&ygw,f/ Zlvi kd f 8 &ufaeY eHeufapmapmrSmawmh wuov dk f ausmif;om;or* taqmufttkBH u;D udk rki d ;f cGJ zsuq f ;D ypfvkdufygw,f/ 'DtcsufawGuawmh tm;vkH;odNyD; jzpfygw,f/

wuo taqmufttkHBuD; jyefvnf wnfaqmuf ray;rcsif; wouudk w&m;0if jyefvnf zGJUpnf;cGifh r&rcsif; aemif ESpfaygif;&mcsD axmifcsDtxdvnf; rsKd;quf wpfqufcsif; wpfqufcsif; qufvuf vufqihfurf; tarGay; vTJajymif;oGm;rSm jzpfygw,f
]wuo taqmufttkHBuD;udk jyefvnf wnfaqmufay;&r,f? wuoudk w&m;0if jyefvnf zGJUpnf;cGifhay;&r,f} qkdwJh tcsufudk ausmif;om; rsKd ;quf toD;oD;uvnf; tajctae ay;oavmuf wwfEdkifoavmuf BudK;pm;tm;xkwfcJhMuNyD; jzpfyg w,f/ aemufxyf rsdK;qufopfawG taeeJv Y nf; tJ'D qk;H I;H cJ& h wJh tcsua f wGukd jyefvnf &&dw S t hJ xd qufvuf BudK;pm;ae&rSm jzpfygw,f/ 'DaeY ]&efukef wuodkvf &SifoefzGHU NzdK;a&;ESihf wuo taqmufttkH jyefvnf wnfaqmufa&;tzG}UJ u pnf;k;H vIy& fm S ; aewm[mvnf; 'DBudK;pm; tm;xkwr f IawGxu J wpfcjk zpfw,fvYkd cH,l ygw,f/

vufqifhurf;cJhwm 51 ESpf jynfhNyD

,ckEp S f 2013 ck? Zlvi kd v f 8 &ufaeYrm S &efue kw f uov kd f ausmif;om;or* (wuo) taqmufttku H kd rki d ;f cGJ NzdKcszsufqD;cHcJh&wm ESpfaygif; 51 ESpfwdwd jynfhajrmufygawmhr,f/ ausmif;om;rsm;[m 1962 ckEp S f Zlvi dk v f 8 &ufaeY &efue kw f uov kd f ausmif; om; or* taqmufttkHudk rkdif;cGJNzdKcs zsufqD; cH&csdefupNyD; ]wuo taqmuf ttkBH u;D udk jyefvnf wnfaqmufay;&r,f? wuoudk w&m;0if jyefvnfzp UJG nf;cGihf ay;& r,f} qkdwJh pdwf"mwfawGudk pGJudkifxm;NyD; vufqifu h rf; tarGay;cJw h m ,aeYrsK;d quf opf ausmif;om;awGtxd jzpfygw,f/ ,ck qkdvQif vufqifh urf;cJhwm ESpfaygif; 51 ESpf jynfhygNyD/ ausmif;om;rsm; taeESifh tJ'D pdw" f mwfawGukd wuo taqmufttkBH u;D jyefvnf wnfaqmuf ray;rcsi;f wouudk w&m;0if jyefvnf zGp UJ nf;cGihf r&rcsi;f aemif ESpfaygif;&mcsD axmifcsDtxdvnf; rsKd;quf wpfqufcsif; wpfqufcsif; qufvuf vufqihfurf; tarGay; vTJajymif;oGm;rSm jzpfygw,f/

b,folu vGJajymif; vufcH,lrSmvJ

wuov kd f ausmif;om;or* taqmufttHk jyefvnf wnfaqmufNyD;pD;wJt h csder fm S tJ't D opf aqmufvy kf xm;wJh ausmif;om;or* taqmufttHu k kd w&m;0if jyefvnfzGJUpnf;xm;wJh wuodkvf ausmif;om;or* vufxJudk w&m;0if vTJajymif;ay;&rSm jzpfygw,f/ w&m;0if wuov kd f ausmif;om;or* r&Sa d o;&if topfjyefvnf wnfaqmufxm;wJh ausmif;om; or*taqmufttHu k kd b,fou l w&m;0ifva JT jymif; vufcH,lrSmvJ/ wuodkvf ausmif;om;or* taqmufttHk topfukd wuov kd t f mPmydi kr f sm;u vTa J jymif; vufcH &,lxm;vdkYawmh b,fvdkrS rjzpfEdkifbl;/

orwxH tdwfzGifh ay;pm

&efukefwuodkvf ausmif;om;or* taqmufttHk jyefvnf wnfaqmufa&;eJY ywfoufNyD; 1962 ck Zlvdkifv 8 &ufaeY ausmif;om;or* taqmuf ttHBk u;D rdi k ;f cGNJ zKd cs zsuq f ;D cH&Ny;D 26 ESpt f Mum 1988 ckESpf orw a'gufwmarmifarmif vufxufrSm ]&efukef wuodkvf ausmif;om;or* taqmuf ttHkBuD;udk jyefvnf wnfaqmufay;r,f? tdk;pnf AHkarmif;awGeJY tkwfjrpfcsr,f} qdkwJh toH xGufvm cJhzl;ygw,f/ ,ck ESpa f ygi;f 50 MumwJh tcse dr fm S orwOD;ode;f pde& f UJ pD;yGm;a&; tBua H y;tzGUJ acgi;f aqmif OD;jrihu f orwxH

pmrsufESm - 30 odkY

7 ? Edk0ifbm ? 2013 ? Mumoyaw;aeY ? twGJ 4 ? trSwf 170

15
- pDrHudef;\ &v'frsm;u OD;wnfcsufudk aygufajrmufapjcif; &Sd r&Sd oHk;oyfyg/ (Evaluate) oH;k oyfcsur f& S onfh oifcef;pmrsm;udk aemufwpfBur df vkyfief;wGif toHk;csEdkifygvdrfhrnf/ aemufwpfBudrf vkyfief;wpfck pwifonfESifh wpfNydKifeuf tqifh rsm;udy k if xyfrH aqmif&u G o f m G ;&ef jzpfygonf/ xyfcg wvJvJ oHk;&ojzifh puf0dkif;[k ac: jcif;jzpfygonf/ yxrtBur d f aqmif&u G Nf y;D jzpf aemufwpfBur df wGif &Gmol&Gmom;rsm; tawGUtBuHK&NyD; jzpfygonf/ olwE Ykd i S hf wGv J y k& f ef &Gmol&m G om;xJu apwemh0efxrf; zGHU NzdK;a&;vkyfom; (Volunteer) wpfOD;udkvnf; azmfxw k f &Edi ky f gNyD/ oifu wjznf;jznf; xGuc fm G &ef BudK;pm;aepOf ,if;&Gmom; apwemh0efxrf; zGHU NzdK;a&; vkyfom;udk vkyfief;rsm; vTJ,lEdkifatmif oifay;yg/ puf0dkif; wpfBudrf? ESpfBudrf? oHk;Budrf vnfywfNyD;u oif vufvTJ &EdkifavmufygNyD/ aus;&Gmvlxk rdrdudk,frdrd tm;udk;wwfap&ef qdkonfrSm ]zGHU NzdK;a&;puf0dkif;}udk olwdkYudk,fwdkif aqmif&u G E fi kd a f p&ef ulna D y;jcif;yif jzpfygawmhonf/ (2-2) zGHU NzdK;a&;vkyfief;vrf;aMumif; zGifhjcif; -vkyfief; aqmif&Guf&ef oabmwlnDcsufrsm; &,ljcif; -tmPmydi k f tzGt UJ pnf;rsm;ESihf Xmeqdi k & f mrsm;tm; zGHU NzdK;a&;vkyfief;u olwdkY\ vkyfief;udk taxmuf tuljyKaMumif; &Sif;jyjcif; tcsKa Ud om zGUH NzKd ;a&;vkyo f m;rsm;u tqifu h kd rvdy k g[k ajymcsif ajymMuygrnf/ trSew f u,f zGUH NzKd ;a&;vkyi f ef; a&&Snf wnfwhHapvdkvQif tqifhudk rvkyfrjzpf vkyfoifhygonf/ xdkYaMumifh oif zGHU NzdK;a&; OD;wnf&rnfhtkyfpkudk ESpfckxm;yg/ 1/ aus;&Gmvlxk (Community) 2/ a'otmPmydi k t f zGt UJ pnf;ESihf enf;ynm taxmuf tuljyK Xmeqdkif&mrsm;/ aus;&GmvlxktwGuf oif xm;&Sd&rnfh OD;wnf csufrSm zGHU NzdK;a&;udk udk,fhtm;udk,fudk; aqmif&Guf wwfvmonfh pGrf;&nf jrifhwifay;&ef jzpfonf/ tmPmydkif tzGJUtpnf;ESifh Xmeqdkif&mrsm;ESifh ywfoufvQifrl1/ &&SdNyD; zGHU NzdK;a&;vkyfief; atmifjrifrIrsm; a&&Snf wnfwa hH &;twGuf vdt k yfaom tajctae? ywf0ef; usifaumif; (Enabling Environment) rsm; zefwD; Edkifvmapa&;/ 2/ tmPmydkif tzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifh Xmeqdkif&mwGif yg0ifaeoltm;vH;k ? ay;tyfol (Provider)rsm;tjzpfrS taxmuftuljyK vrf;efol (Facilitator)rsm;tjzpf ajymif;vJvmapa&;wdkY jzpfygonf/ OD;wnfcsufESpfcku tajymvG,faomfvnf; tvkyfcufEdkifygonf/ odkYaomf OD;wnfcsufrsm; atmifjrifygu ESpfOD;ESpfzufvHk; tusdK;&SdonfrSm trSefyif jzpfonf/ tmPmydkif tzGJUtpnf;rsm;bufu MunfhvQif aus;&Gmom;rsm; ud, k t hf m;ud, k u f ;kd zGUH NzdK;a&; vkyv f m Edi ko f nfEi St hf rQ wm0efaygy h g;vmNy;D ? rdrE di S hf oufqi kd & fm a'otwGif; vkyfief;rsm; ydkrdk atmifjrifvmygrnf/ vkyfief;atmifjrifrItwGuf odumvnf; wufvmyg rnf/ &Gmol&m G om;rsm; ud, k t hf m;ud, k u f ;kd ud, k a hf us;&Gm twGif; t&if;tjrpfrsm; oHk;pGJwwfvmonfESifhtrQ axmufy& hH rI? ay;tyf&rIrsm; avsme h nf;vmNy;D vkyi f ef; rsm; ydk us,fus,fjyefYjyefY aqmif&Guf atmifjrifrI &Edkifygrnf/ odkYjzpfvQif oifhtvkyfrSm ]ay;tyfol} b0onf a&wdt k wGua f umif;aomfvnf; ]taxmuftuljyKo}l b0u olwdkYtwGuf a&&SnfwGif atmifjrifolrsm; jzpfapEdkifaMumif; jrifomxifomatmif &Sif;vif; aqmif&Gufjy&ef jzpfygonf/ tqifhwGif oufqdkifol tm;vHk;odkY pDrHudef; pmwrf; pDru H e d ;f \ OD;wnfcsuf aqmif&u G r f nfe h nf;pepf &&Sv d mrnfh tusKd ;aus;Zl; ponfrsm;udk pm&Gup f mwrf; jyKpa k y;&efjzpfNy;D ? tajctaeay;u ]tvky fa kH qG;aEG;yG}J (Sensitization Workshop) rsm; usif;yay;oGm;&ef jzpfygonf/ (qufvuf azmfjyygrnf)

qif;&JEGrf;yg;rI avQmYcsa&;ESifh zGHU NzdK;a&; vkyfom; - 3

OD;BuD; (CDRT)
enf;pOfukd pwifay;vdu k Nf y;D qH;k onfxd yg0ifvy I& fm S ;&ef jzpfygonf/ pmtkyfwGif Facilitation Cycle wpfenf; tm;jzifh zGHU NzdK;a&;vkyfief; oHo&mudk tmz&duwdkuf EdkifiHwpfckwGif oHk;onfhenf;pOfudk ,lxm;ygonf/ ,if; oHk;&rnfhenf;pOfrSm ae&ma'o? tcsdefumv? rdrw d i G f &So d nfh t&if;tjrpf (Resource)? tzGt UJ pnf;\ rl0g'ESihf tjcm;tcsua f y:wi G f rlwnf ajymif;vJ,& l ef jzpfygonf/ tajccH puf0dkif;rSm atmufygtwdkif; jzpfygonf/ (rl&if;twkdif; azmfjyxm;ygonf/ ,cif wifjycJhonf rsm;ESihf oabmcsi;f wlygonf/ EIi d ;f ,SOMf unfMh uygue k) f zGHU NzdK;a&;vkyfief; oHo&mpuf0dkif;
(Facilitation Cycle)

,ciftywfu zGUH NzKd ;a&;vkyo f m;wpfO;D &Gmukd a&mufvQif rdrdukd,frdrd rnfokdY jyifqif&rnfukd azmfjycJhygonf/ ,cktywfwGif &GmtwGif; vkyfief;rsm; rnfodkY pwifrnfukd wifjyygrnf/ rwifjyrD vkyfazmfukdifzuf uav;rav;wpfOD; uRefawmfh tdrfokdY vmvnfonfh taMumif;ukd OD;pGm wifjyyg&ap/ uav;ronf Eki di f jH cm; NGO wpfcw k i Gf vuf&Sd wm0efxrf;aqmifaeolwpfOD; jzpfygonf/ ,if; NGO wGif r0ifrDu uRefawmf\ BuD;MuyfrI atmufwi G f wm0efxrf;aqmifcz hJ ;l ojzifh uRea f wmf\ oabmw&m;rsm;ukd tawmfav; wD;rdacgufrdol wpfOD; jzpfygonf/ olu jrpf0uRef;ay: NrdKUwpfNrdKUokdY avhvma&; a&mufcJhaMumif;ESihf ol bmawG awGUcJhaMumif;ukd tm;yg;w& &Sif;jyygonf/ ol a&mufcJhonfh aus;&Gm rsm;rS qif;&Jol qif;&Jom;wkdY\ 'kutaygif;ukd pdwfraumif;pGmjzifh &Sif;jyNyD;aemuf olYbmomol aumufcsufcsjyygonf/ ]q&m&,f jrpf0uRef;ay:u qif;&Jom;awG[m NGO awG ydaewm q&m? taMumif;rodawmh NGO awG acs;orQ,l jyefqyfcgeD;awmh rqyfEkdif? NGO awGuvnf; rqyfrcsif; xkdifapmifh? rqyfEkdifawmh &Gmom;csi;f vSnw hf u dk a f y;/ tJonfawmh rausrvnf awG jzpf/ a&Sa U uR;ylawmh aemuf tzGq UJ u D a<u;xyf,?l a<u;awGeYJ ywfcsmvnfNy;D &Gmom;awG[m NGO awG ydaeygw,f q&m/ uRefruawmh q&m ajymzl;ovkd rdrb d 0acsmifvnfa&;twGuf qif;&Jom;awG&UJ b0eJY rupm;ygeJYvkdY ajymcJhw,f q&m} NGO awG ydaeygw,f [laom olYa0g[m&ukd tvGef oabmusrdygonf/ pmzwfol pOf;pm;Munfy h gcifAsm;/ b,favmufyif apwemaumif;aomfvnf; vkyfenf; rrSefvQif aq;twGuf av;NyD;? a&epfolukd 0g;ulvkdY xkd;bd ouJhokdYyif jzpfygawmhonf/

pmzwfol pOf;pm;Munfhyg cifAsm;/ b,favmufyif apwem aumif;aomfvnf; vkyfenf; rrSefvQif aq;twGuf av;NyD;? a&epfolukd 0g;ulvkdY xkd;bd ouJhokdYyif jzpfygawmhonf

zGUH NzKd ;a&;rl0g'rsm; csrw S & f ef wm0ef&y dS gonf/ enf;ynm 0efaqmifrI Xmersm;u zGHU NzdK;a&; a&&Snf wnfwHhrIudk taxmuftuljyKEi kd y f gonf/ xda Yk Mumifh aus;&GmvlxE ki S hf awGUqHkjcif;udk rpwifrD tmPmydkif tzGJUtpnf;rsm; a'oqdi k& f mXmersm;ESihf OD;pGm awGo U ify h gonf/ olwu Ykd kd aus;&Gmrsm; twGif; oif aqmif&Gufrnfh zGHU NzdK;a&; vkyi f ef;rsm;\ OD;wnfcsuf? aqmif&u G r f nfh enf;vrf;? EdkifiHtwGuf &vmEdkifonfh tusdK;aus;Zl;rsm; &Sif;jy jcif;ESifh aus;&Gmrsm; twGif; vkyfief; pwifjcif;udk cGifhjyK&ef taMumif;wdkYudk wifjy aqG;aEG;&ygonf/ olwx Ykd u H cGijhf yKcsu& f rSom aus;&GmodYk qif;oify h gonf/ aus;&GmwGif; a&mufonfhtcg aus;&Gmvlxk\ zGHU NzdK;a&; todpdwf"mwf Edk;Mum;rI (Awareness Raising) udk pwif vkyfaqmif&ygrnf/ atmufyg vkyfief;rsm; tusKH;0ifrnf jzpfygonf/ - zGHU NzdK;a&;todpdwf"mwf Edk;Mum;rI
(Awareness raising)

- aus;&GmwGif ydkrdk pnf;vHk;vmrI

(Improved Unity)

- wdusaom tcsuftvufrsm; azmfxkwfrI

2/ vkyfief; pwifjcif;
- vkyfief; pwifEdkif&ef aus;&Gmvlxkudk toifh jyifap&rnf -aus;&Gmvlxktvkyr f prDoifpwifvkya f qmif&rnfh vkyfief;rsm; tcef; 1 wGif bmawG jyifqifxm;&rnfudk ajymcJhNyD/ ,ck oif b,fup vIyf&Sm;&rnfudk ajymMuygpdkY/ oifu pwif vIy& fm S ;rIrjyKu aus;&Gmvlxu k vIy& fm S; wwfrnf r[kwf? xdkYaMumifh oif\ pwif vIyf&Sm;rI tqifo h nf aus;&Gmvlxt k wGuf jyifqifrI tqifo h m jzpfvdrfhrnf/ aus;&Gmvlxt k qifr Y a&mufrD ta&;Bu;D wpfcsur fm S EdkifiHawmf tmPmydkif tzGJUtpnf;rsm;ESifh enf;ynm 0efaqmifra I y;tyfonfh Xmeqdi k& f mrsm;\ tcef;u@ jzpfygonf/ tmPmydi k f tzGt UJ pnf;rsm;u Edi ki fa H wmf\

(Accurate Information)

OD;pm;ay;

vkyfief;

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REF ; Dalily Eleven (October 31,2013) ; Dalily Eleven (November 1,2013)

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topfwnfaqmufNy;D pD;wJh wuov kd a f usmif;om; or* taqmufttHu k kd wuov kd f tmPmydi kr f sm;u vTa J jymif;vufc& H ,lw,fq& kd if ]wuov kd f ausmif;om; or* y&0Pfxr Jm S ausmif;om;or* taqmufttHk tjzpf trnfcNH y;D jynfov l x l k xnh0 f ifaom tvSLaiG rsm;ESihf wuov kd t f mPmydi kr f sm; vk& d m toH;k jyKEi dk & f ef twGuf taqmufttHo k pfwpfc} k aqmufvy ka f y;wJh oabmrsKd ;yJ jzpfom G ;ygr,f/ wuov kd a f usmif;om;or* r&Sa d o;awmh wuov kd f ausmif;om;or* taqmuf ttHkqdkwm jzpfrvmEdkifygbl;/ 'gaMumihr f Ykd wuov kd a f usmif;om;or* taqmuf ttHk jyefvnf wnfaqmuf&eftwGuf jyifqifaewJh wpfcse dw f nf;rSm wuov kd f ausmif;om;or* w&m;0if jyefvnf zGJUpnf;cGifh &&Sda&;udkyg aqmif&Guf&ef ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ [mvnf; wpfce kw YJ pfck qufaerSm jzpfygw,f/ ]&efue kf wuodkvf &SifoefzGHU NzdK;a&;ESifh wuo taqmuf ttHk jyefvnf wnfaqmufa&;tzGJU} &JU trnfudk Munf& h wm? txufu uRea f wmf &Si;f jycJw h hJ uGi;f quf oHk;ckrSm tv,fuGif;qufwpfck jywfaeovkd cHpm; &ygw,f/ tJ'D uGi;f qufo;kH qufrm S tv,fui G ;f quf[m bmaMumifh jywfaeovJ qdkwmudkawmh uRefawmf pOf;pm;vdkY r&ygbl;/ trSww f rJh usea f ewmvm;? wrifcsex f m;cJo h vm; qdkwmudkawmh tJ'D aumfrwDudk OD;aqmifzGJUpnf;wJh yk*dKvfawGyJ odrSmyg/ wcsKd u U vnf; ausmif;om;or* zGp UJ nf;cGiq hf w kd m b,foq lY u D tcGia hf wmif;ae&rvJ? ud, k [ hf mud, k z f& UJG if &wmyJqdkwJh oabmxm;&Sdcsif &SdaerSmyg/ uRea f wmfwa Ykd wG taeeJv Y nf; 1962 ckEp S f Zlvi kd v f 7 &uf aemufyi kd ;f rSm ud, k [ hf mudz k UJG Ny;D vIy& fm S ;cJMh uwm yJ/ 'gayrJh ausmif;om;or* w&m;0if zGJUpnf;cGifh &EdkifwJh tajctae &Sdae&ifawmh ausmif;om;or* w&m;0ifzGJUpnf;cGihfudk awmif;&rSmyg/ udk,fh[mudk,f zGJUpnf;wJh ausmif;om;or*eJY w&m;0if zGJUpnf;cGifh&wJh ausmif;om;or*awG&JU tcef;u@awG[m trsm;BuD; uGmjcm;ygw,f/

7 ? Edk0ifbm ? 2013 ? Mumoyaw;aeY ? twGJ 4 ? trSwf 170

&efue kw f uov kd f ausmif;om;or*&UJ vkyi f ef;wm0ef rsm; aqmif&GufEdkifcJhygw,f/ wuodkvf ausmif;om;or* taqmufttHk opfBu;D jyefvnfwnfaqmufci G hf &aomfvnf; w&m;0if ausmif;om;or* zGp UJ nf;cGihf r&&S& d if tJ'a D usmif;om; or* trnfcH taqmufttHo k pfBu;D [m ausmif;om; or*vy ki f ef;twGuf toH;k 0ifonfh taqmufttHBk u;D jzpfrvmEdkifygbl;/

trnfcH ausmif;om; or*rsKd;udkawmh

'gaMumifhrdkY ausmif;om;or* taqmufttHkBuD; jyefvnf topfwnfaqmufa&;twGuf ta&;Bu;D ovdk wuodkvf ausmif;om;or* w&m;0if jyefvnf zGJUpnf;cGifh &&Sda&;uvnf; ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ wuov kd f ausmif;om;or* w&m;0if jyefvnf zGJUpnf;wJh tcsdefrSmvnf; 1962 ckESpf Zlvdkif 7 &uf ausmif;om; ta&;tcif; jzpfyGm;NyD;aemufydkif; wuov kd r fm S toif;tzGa UJ wG zGo UJ vkd ausmif;om;or* trnfcHHkoufouf wuodkvf tmPmydkifrsm;u b,fausmif;q&mu Ou|vky?f b,fausmif;om;u twGi;f a&;rSL; vkyf pojzifh A[dO k ;D pD;pepfeYJ zGp UJ nf;ay;wJh trnfcH ausmif;om;or*rsKd ;uda k wmh ausmif;om;xk u vHk;0 vufcHrSm r[kwfygbl;/ wuodkvf ausmif;om;or* jyefvnfzGJUpnf;wJh tcgrm S Adv k c f sKya f tmifqef;wda Yk cwfu a&;qGJ twnfjyK xm;cJhNyD; 1962 ckESpf txd vufudkifxm; toHk;jyK cJhwJh ]&efukefwuodkvf ausmif;om;or* zGJUpnf;yHk pnf;rsOf;} twdkif; w&m;rQwNyD; vGwfvyfwJh rJay; pepfeJY ausmif;om;xku rJay; a&G;cs,fwifajrmuf vkdufwJh ausmif;om;xk udk,fpm;vS,fawGeJY zGJUpnf; xm;wJh ]wuov kd f ausmif;om;or*} jzpf&ef vdt k yf ygw,f/

ausmif;om; &Sd&if ausmif;om; or* &Sd&r,f

udkrif;udkEdkifu ausmif;om;&Sd&if ausmif;om;or* &Sd&r,fvdkY cPcP ajymygw,f/ 'g[m a,bk,s taejzifhawmh rSefygw,f/ tJ'gudk Logically jyefpOf;pm;&if ausmif;om;r&Sdao;bJ ausmif;om; or* zGJUpnf;cGifhay;w,f qdk&ifvnf; bmrSt"dym,f r&Sy d gbl;/ OyrmtaeeJY ajym&&if ,ckvuf&dS tcsder f m S &efue kw f uov kd f ausmif;om;or* zGp UJ nf;cGi& hf &ifawmif b,fausmif;om;awGeJY ausmif;om;or* zGJUrSmvJ/ xkdYtwlygyJ ausmif;om;or* r&Sdao;&if ausmif;om;or* taqmufttHk aqmufvkyfcGifh jyKw,f qdkwm[mvnf; bmt"dym,frS r&Sdygbl;/ tJ'v D kd aqmufci G jhf yKw,f qd& k ifvnf; uRea f wmhf pdwx f r Jm S &efue kw f uov kd f ausmif;om;or* y&0Pfukd em;vSnfhyg;dkufvkyfNyD; vdrfnm,lcsifwJh tBuHvkdYyJ xifaeygw,f/ 'gaMumifr h Ykd &efue kw f uov kd f e,fajrrSm wuov kd f ausmif;om;ausmif;olawG ausmif;jyefwufcGifh&NyD;? wuokdvfe,fajr pdkpdkjynfjynf jzpfvmatmif aqmif&GufwJhvkyfief;? wuodkvfe,fajrrSm wuodkvfausmif;om; ausmif;olawG jyefvnfa&muf&Sdvm&if wuodkvf ausmif;om;or* w&m;0if zGJUpnf;cGifh&a&;vkyfief;? wwd,taeeJY ausmif;om;or* taqmufttHk jyefvnf wnfaqmufa&;vkyfief; ponfhvkyfief; oHk;ckudk tav;xm; aqmif&Guf&ef vdkygw,f/

uRefawmf 'gawGudk ajymaewmu uRefawmhf pdwfxJrSm pdk;&drfpdwfawG &SdaevdkYyg/ wuov kd f ausmif;om;or* taqmufttHu k kd aqmufcGifhjyKw,f? tkwfjrpfcsw,f? taqmufttHk aqmufMu? zGifhyGJvkyfMu? aemuf taqmufttHkBuD; Ny;D awmh wuov kd f tmPmydi ka f wGu vTa J jymif;vufcH ,lom G ;&if uRea f wmfw& Ykd UJ ausmif;om;or* ajruGuBf u;D qHk;HI;oGm;wJh oabma&mufoGm;ygr,f/ em;vSnfhyg;dkufcH&NyD;? ajruGufqHk;HI;oGm;&wJh oabm jzpfoGm;Edkifygw,f/ 'gaMumifh uRea f wmftxufu ajymcJw h hJ uGi;f quf oHk;qufudk tjywfrcHzdkY wdkufwGef;wmyg/ aemuf wuov kd f ausmif;om;or* taqmuf ttHkeJY ywfoufNyD; ajymp&mwpfck &Sdygao;w,f/ orwOD;odef;pdefxH ay;ydkYwJh OD;jrifh&JU tdwfzGifh ay;pmxJrSm ygwJh pdwfu;l eJY wnfaqmufxm;wJh ausmif;om;or* taqmufttHr km S ]{nfy h nm&Sia f wG&UJ tcef;awGvnf; &Sd&r,f} vdkY azmfjyxm;wm awGU&yg w,f/

zGJUpnf;cGifh&a&; vIyf&Sm;rIeJY wGJzufrSom

uRefawmhfoabmudk ajym&&if topf jyefvnf wnfaqmufrnfh wuodkvf ausmif;om;or* taqmufttHo k pfrm S ]{nfy h nm&Sia f wGtwGuf tcef;} awGudk xnfhoGif; wnfaqmuf&ef rvdkygbl;/ {nfy h nm&Sia f wG&UJ tcef;udk wuov kd f tmPmydi kf awGu oD;jcm; pDpOfay;&rnfh wm0ef&Sdygw,f/ 'Dudp awG[m ausmif;om;or*eJY roufqdkifygbl;/ ausmif;om; or*u taqmufttHkrSm {nfhynm&SifawGtwGuf tcef;awGyg xnfhoGif; wnfaqmufxm;cJ& h if {nfy h nm&Sia f wG rvma&mufwhJ tcse dr fm S wuov kd f q&mrdom;pkawGukd acw aexdi kf cGifhjyKwJh tajctaeawG jzpfvmEdkifygw,f/ aemuf wjznf;jznf;eJY ausmif;om;or* taqmufttH[ k m wuov dk f q&mrsm;aexki d& f m taqmufttHw k pfyi kd ;f ? ausmif;om;or*wpfyi kd ;f jzpfvmEdi ky f gw,f/ 'gaMumifr h Ykd {nfhynm&SifawG twGuf tcef;udk wuodkvf ausmif;om;or* taqmufttHkrSm xnfhoGif; aqmufvkyf&ef rvdktyfygbl;/ wuodkvf ausmif;om;or* taqmufttHk jyefvnf wnfaqmufjcif;\ tajccH OD;wnfcsuo f nf ausmif;om;rsm; twGufom jzpf&ygr,f/ ed*;kH csKyf taeeJY ajym&&if ]wuov kd f ausmif;om; or* taqmufttHk jyefvnf wnfaqmufci G& hf a&; vIy& fm S ;rI} onf ]wuov kd f ausmif;om;or* w&m;0if jyefvnf zGp UJ nf;cGi& hf a&; awmif;qdv k y I& fm S ;rI} eJY wGz J uf vIyf&Sm;rSom t"dym,fjynfh0aom vIyf&Sm;rIwpfck jzpfvmrnf jzpfaMumif; wifjytyfygonf/

ajymcGifh qdkcGifh ydkrdk av;euf

w&m;0if ausmif;om;or* zGJUpnf;cGifh &wmeJY ausmif;om;or* a&G;aumufya JG wG jyKvy k Nf y;D wu,fh ausmif;om;xk&UJ ud, k p f m;vS,a f wG a&G;cs,w f ifajrm ufvYkd &ygw,f/ ausmif;om; ausmif;olawG&JU w&m;0if a&G;cs,fwifajrmufcHxm;&wJh? ausmif;om;or* trIaqmiftzGJU jzpf&if ausmif;om; ausmif;olawG&JU w&m;0if ud, k p f m;vS,t f jzpfeYJ ajymEdi kq f E kd i kd f ajymcGihf qdkcGifh ydkrdkav;eufygw,f/ wuov kd f ausmif;om;or* w&m;0ifzp UJG nf;cGihf &&Sd&if ausmif;om;or* taqmufttHk r&Sdayr,fh? ,m,D taqmufttHkaqmufNyD; ausmif;om;or* vkyfief;awGudk aqmif&GufvdkY&ygr,f/ 1963 ckESpf {NyDv 1 &ufaeYrSm taxGaxG vGwNf ir d ;f csr;f omcGihf trdea Yf MunmNy;D wJt h cse d f aemufyi kd ;f wuodkvf ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifrsm; wuodkvf e,fajrrSm jyefvnfajccsEdkifwJh tcsdefupNyD;? 1963 ckEp S f Ed0 k ifbmv 14 &ufaeY awmfve S a f &; aumifpu D jynfwi G ;f Nir d ;f csr;f a&; aqG;aEG;yGa J wG zsuo f r d ;f aMumif; aMunmwJhtxd wuo0ef;xJrSmyJ x&Hum? "edrdk;? wuo ,m,D taqmufttHa k v;wpfck aqmufvy k Nf y;D ?

ajruGuf qHk;HI;oGm;&wJhoabm jzpfoGm;Edkif

aemuf ta&;Bu;D wJh tcsuu f wuov kd f ausmif;om; or* taqmufttHu k kd topfjyefvnf wnfaqmuf Ny;D &if tJ't D aqmufttHu k kd uRea f wmfwYkd ausmif;om; or* trIaqmiftzGJUrSm wm0ef,lcJhpOfuvdk &efukef wuodkvf ausmif;om;or* trIaqmiftzGJUu pDrH cefYcGJ tkyfcsKyfcGifh &&Sd&ef vdktyfygw,f/ wuov kd f ausmif;om;or* taqmufttH[ k m wuodkvfe,fajrrSm tcrJh ajriSm; aqmufxm;wJh oabmomjzpfNy;D &efue kw f uov kd f ausmif;om;or* trIaqmiftzGJUu wm0ef,l&ygw,f/ wuodkvf tmPmydkifawG taeeJY vHk;0 0ifa&mufpGufzufcGifh r&Sdygbl;/

tv,f uGif;quf jywfae

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vkdifZm nDvmcH bkH oabmxm; xkwfjyef

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pmrsufESm - 23 ? xl;jcm;aom tifwmAsL; wpfcktm; avhvm oHk;oyfMunfhjcif; . . . rS tquf

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acgif;aqmif&wm uHaumif;wJh EkdifiHwJh

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34

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Source : DVB Debate Press Release

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Source : I.H.T (28.10.2013)

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ntylcsdefrsm; tajctae
&Srf;jynfe,f awmifydkif;eJY ta&SUydkif;? u&ifjynfe,f? u,m;jynfe,fwdkYwGif ntylcsdefrsm;[m 13C 15C cefY? ppfudkfif;wdkif;a'oBuD; txufydkif;? csif;jynfe,f? &Srf;jynfe,f ajrmufydkif;? rauG;wdkif; a'oBuD;wdw Yk i G f ntylcsder f sm;[m 16C- 18C cef?Y

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pmayavmu pmtkyf
odYk avhvm&mwGif t&pww kd ,f\ t,ltq t& ,aeYwi kd f toH;k 0ifaeaom csOf;uyfrr Im S tkyp f ;kd ol tpd;k & tzGJU trsKd;rsKd;udk yHkpHcGJ avhvmjcif;rS tpjyK&efjzpfonf/ rnfol tkyfcsKyfaeoenf;? wpfOD;wpfa,mufuavm? vlenf;pkuavm? vlrsm;pkuavm? pmtkyfonf csOf;uyfyHkjzifh tpjyKxm;jcif; jzpfonf/ yxr tcef;onf tajccHtm;jzifh tpd;k & wpf&yfukd wpfO;D wpfa,mufu aomfvnf;aumif;? vlenf;pku aomfvnf;aumif;? vlrsm;pku k om tcef;jzpfonf/ 'kw, d tcef; aomfvnf;aumif; tkyc f sKya f eonfukd tao;pdwf azmfjyaom Who Governs qda Rule by the Few wGif vuf&Sd acwfumv ac:qdkaeMuaom tmPmydkif tpdk;&rsKd;onf tao;pdwftm;jzifh wpfOD;wpfa,muf (odkYr[kwf) vltenf;i,fu tkyfcsKyfaeyHkudk avhvmjcif;jzpfonf/ xdkrSwpfqifh Rule by the Many qda k om 'Dru kd a&pD tpd;k &rsm;\ tkyc f sKyy fo kH Ykd a&muf&o dS m G ;rnf/ wwd,tcef;wGif 'Dru kd a&pDenf;us tkyc f sKyy f kH rsm;ESifh pwkwtcef;wGif tkyfcsKyfrI wpfcktwGif; yg0ifaom tcef;u@rsm; txl;ojzifh jyifopf awG;ac:&Sif rGefwufppfusL wifjycJhNyD; tar&duef zGJUpnf;yHk Oya'tay: tBuD;tus,f vTrf;rdk;rI &SdcJhaom 'Drdkua&pD oabm obm0rsm;yif jzpfonf/ 'Dru kd a&pDonf umwpfvm T ; tpd;k &rsm;tay: vTr;f NcHKrI &Sv d maom oabmw&m;jzpfonfh tm;avsmfpGm if;udk a,bk,sacgif;pOfwpfck taeESifh tjcm; taMumif;t&mrsm;xuf ydkrdk jrKyfESH avhvm&ef vdkay onf/ if; aemufwGif uGefjrLepf oDtdk&D trsKd;rsKd;udk azmfjyxm;onf/ umhtcsKdUae&mrsm;wGifom >cif;csuftjzpf use& fa dS eao;aomfvnf; uGejf rLepf0g' yHp kt H pd;k &onf aoqH;k oGm;NyjD zpfaom yHp ko H mjzpfonf/ oda Yk omf tcsKUd t,ltq rsm;rSm Edi ki fa H &;udpr sm;wGif toH;k tEIe;f rsm;taeESihf qufpyf ywfoufaeonf/ vuf&dS umhEi kd i fa H &; tpDtpOftay: if; tdkif'D,m vTrf;rdk; yHkoGif;Edkifjcif; r&SdawmhonfrSm vGefcJhaom q,fpkESpf tcsKdUu pwifcJhjcif; jzpfonf/ xdktpdk;&tzGJUyHkpHrsm;ESifh tawG;tac:qdkif&m ausmif;awmfrsm;tjyif pOf;pm;oHk;oyf&efvdkaom taMumif;t&m rsm; &Sdygao;onf/ if;wdkYrSm EdkifiHa&;ESifh pD;yGm;a&;Mum; qufpyfyHk jzpfonf/ EdkifiHa&; abm*aA'onf tjcm;aom taMumif;t&mrsm;pGmESihf qufpyfaeonf/ tvm;wl tjcm;aom ta&;Bu;D avhvm&efrm S Edi ki fr H sm;onf tb,faMumifh ppfyr JG smtwGi;f usa&mufNy;D Nir d ;f csr;f a&; wnfaqmufrr I sm; bmaMumifh jyKvy kv f mMuoenf; qda k om ar;cGe;f jzpfonf/ xdkYaMumifh aemufqHk;tcef;wGif EdkifiHwum qufqHa&; (International Relations) e,fy,frS t,ltqrsm;ESifh rl&if;pmtkyfa&;om;ol\ trSmpmrS t"duusaom toHk;tEIef; tao;pdwfudk azmfjyxm;onf/

pmayavmu pmtkyfwdkuf
trSwf 173? 33 vrf;? &efukefNrdKU/ zkef; - 01 388169
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7 ? Edk0ifbm ? 2013 ? Mumoyaw;aeY ? twGJ 4 ? trSwf 170

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yk*vduykdif kyf&SifkHrsm;ESifh AD'D,dk *drf;kHrsm; ydwfodrf;&ef usL;bm; tpdk;& trdefYxkwf

usL;bm; tmPmydkifrsm;u rdrdwkdY taejzifh if;wkdYtm; zGihfvSpf&ef rnfonfhtcgurS cGihfjyKxm;jcif; r&SdaMumif;ESihf yk*vdu pD;yGm;a&; vkyfief;rsm;tm; EkdifEkdifeif;eif; xdef;csKyfEkdif&ef vdktyfonf[k ajymqkNd y;D 'gZiftcsKUd &Sa d om yk*v u d yki d f ky& fi S fr Hk sm;ESihf AD', D * dk r d ;f kr H sm;udk csuc f si;f ydwo f r d ;f &ef trdex Yf w k jf yef cJhaMumif; od&Sd&onf/ usL;bm;Eki di fu H kd tkyc f sKya f eaom uGejf rLepf tpd;k &onf rMumao;cif urS yk*v u d vkyi f ef;tay: wif;usyf aom xde;f csKyr fr I sm;udk tawmftoihf ajzavQmhay;cJhonf/ okdYaomf tcsKdU aom pGefYOD;wDxGif vkyfief;&Sifrsm; onf pm;aomufqkdif vkyfief;ESihf tjcm; pD;yGm;a&;vkyi f ef; vki dp f ifrsm;udk tok;H jyKNy;D w&m;r0if ky& fi S fr Hk sm;ESihf azsmfajza&; vkyi f ef;rsm; vkya f qmif vmcJhMuaomaMumifh ,ck trdefYudk xkwfjyefcJhjcif; jzpfykH&aMumif; owif;axmufrsm;u okH;oyf ajymqkdcJhMuonf/ 2008 ckESpfwGif tpfukdjzpfol zD',fuyfpxkd\ orw &mxl; wm0efudk vTJajymif; &,lcJhaom a&mvfuyfpxkdonf pkpkaygif; vkyfom; tiftm; 5 oef;\ 79 &mckdifEIef;u tpkd;& 0efxrf;rsm; jzpfMu&m uGejf rLepfEi dk i fw H i G f yk*v u d vkyfief;rsm; ay:aygufvmEkdifa&; twGuf ,cifu wif;usyfxm;rI trsm;tjym;udk ajzavQma h y;cJo h nf/ olu pufcsKyv f y ki f ef;? tiSm;um; armif;vkyfief;ESihf pm;aomufqkdif vkyi f ef;uJo h a Ykd om yk*v u d pD;yGm;a&; vkyi f ef; 200 eD;yg;udk vdi kp f ifcsay;cJh onf/ tpdk;&u ,ck xkwfjyefvkduf aom trdea Yf Mumifh yk*v u d pD;yGm;a&; vkyi f ef; txl;ojzifh o&D;'D ky& f i S f Hk vkyfief;ESihf oufomaom ukefus p&dwfjzihf EkdifiHjcm;rS ukefpnf wifoi G ;f jcif;vkyi f ef;wkw Yd i G f Bu;D Bu;D rm;rm; &if;ES;D jrK yE fc HS MhJ uaom usL;bm; EkdifiHom;rsm; txdemoGm;MuzG,f &SdaMumif; NrdKUawmf [m;Am;em;rS bDbp D D owif;axmuf qm&m*sde;f pf zk' Yd u f ok;H oyf azmfjycJo h nf/
Ref : AP

rmvDEkdifiH ajrmufydkif;wGif jyifopf *sme,fvpfESpfOD; vkyfBuH owfjzwf cHc& hJ aom udpE i S hf ywfouf jyifopf Eki di f jH cm;a&; 0efBu;D u jypfwif Iwc fs ajymqkdcJhaMumif; owif;&&Sdonf/ jyifopf a&'D,dk owif;Xme (REI) rS owif;axmuf uavm'D

AmvGef 58 ESpfESifh *pvdef;'l;yGefY 51 ESpf wdkYonf a'ocH acgif;aqmif wpfa,mufudk awGUqHk ar;jref;cef; jyKvkyfNyD;aemuf paeaeY (2.11.13) u jyefay;qGjJ cif; cHc& hJ Ny;D udi k' f ,fNrKd U ta&Sb U uf 12 uDvr kd w D mcefY tuGm&Sd u& wpfct k wGi;f towfcc H hJ &jcif;

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tar&duef EkdifiHjcm;a&; 0efBuD; *Refu,f&Donf ol\ ta&SUtv,fydkif; c&D;pOf 'kwd, c&D;axmuftjzpf ESpfEkdifiHMum; qufqHa&;wGif tzktxpfrsm; jzpfyGm;aeaom aqmf'D tma&AsEkdifiHodkY a&muf&Sd &yfem;cJhaMumif; od&Sd &onf/ tar&duef EkdifiH\ &mxl; tjrihfqkH; oHwrefjzpfol *Reu f ,f&o D nf aqmf't D ma&AsEi dk i f H a&muf&SdaepOftwGif; qD;&D;,m; y#dyu qkdif&m tar&duef rl0g'ESifh rMumao;cifu tar&duef tD&ef wif;rmrI avsmhyg;vmjcif;wkdYaMumifh rajyrvnf jzpfvmcJo h nfh tar&duef aqmf'MD um; umv&SnfMum cspfMunf &if;ESD;rIudk jyefvnf ukpm;Ekdif&ef BudK;yrf;rnf jzpfonf/ tD*spf Eki di fw H i G f ppfwyfu rlqvif nDaemifrsm; tzGJUrS a&G;aumufcH orw rkd[mrufarmfpDukd jzKwfcs z,f&Sm;cJhjcif;udk axmufcHcJhonfh aqmf'Dtma&As EkdifiHu qD;&D;,m; tD&efu ausmaxmufaemufcjH yKay;xm;aom tpd;k &wpf&yf ay:xGufvmrnfudk pkd;&drfylyefaeonf/ xdkYjyif tar&duef tD&ef jyefvnf aygif;pnf;rIaMumifh

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ajymMum;cJhonf/ tcsKdUu ]jynfy} qkdonfrSm ]tD&ef}udk &nfef;jcif; jzpfonf[k IjrifMu onf/ rpwmu,f&o D nf ta&SU tv,fyi dk ;f 9 &uf c&D;pOftwGif; tD*spfESifh aqmf'Dtjyif ,lattD;? t,fv* f s;D &D;,m;? armfu dk ?kd a*sm' f efEi S fh ydv k efEi dk i fo H Ykd oGm;a&muf&ef pDpOfxm;aMumif; od&Sd&onf/
Ref: AP

tD*spf orwa[mif; rdk[mruf armfpD olYtay: wifxm;aom pGJcsufrsm;udk &ifqi dk a f jz&Si;f &ef w&m;H;k odYk vma&muf
Zlvi kd v f 3 &ufaeYu orwtjzpfrS ppfwyf\ z,f&m S ;jzKwfcsjcif; cHc& hJ aom rd[ k mruf armfpo D nf olt Y ay: wifxm;aom vlowfrr I sm; ay:ayguv f map&ef aoG;xdk;vIHYaqmfrI pGJcsufrsm;udk &ifqkdif&ef w&m;0if azmfjyjcif; r&Sdaom xde;f odr;f a&; pcef;wpfcr k S tD*spE fi dk i f\ H NrKd a U wmf udi k f& kd dS vHNk cKH a&; tapmift h Muyf rsm; xlxyfpGm csxm;aom w&m;Hk; wpfHk;odkY a&muf&SdvmcJhaMumif; od&Sd& onf/ tD*spf tpdk;& kyfoHu orwa[mif;onf rlqvif nDaemifrsm; tzGJUrS ta&;ygaom acgif;aqmifrsm; jzpfMuonfh tufqrft,fvftm&d,ef? rd[ k mruft,fvw f m&DEi S hf tmruftA',ftmwDwE Ykd i St hf wl udi k f Nkd rKd r U S &Joy d H jzpfonf[k ,HMk unf&aom ae&m&Sd w&m;H;k odYk a&muf&v dS mcJo h nf[k xkwv f i T hf aMunmcJhonf/ paeaeY 2.11.13 xkwf tD*spf ]t,fv0 f gwef} owif;pmwGif vufui kd f wef;yg ukvm;xki d f wpfv;kH ay:wi G f oufaomifo h ufom yHp k jH zifh xki da f eaom tm;upm;tay: 0wfpkH 0wfqifxm;aom armfp\ D yHu k kd azmfjyxm;aomfvnf; ,if;yHr km S w&m;H;k a&mufvmaom armfp\ D yHk [kwr f [kwf twnfjyKEki d jf cif; r&Sday/ rpwm armfpD\ trIppfaq;rI rpwifrD &uftenf;i,fu rlqvif nDaemifrsm; tzGJU\ acgif;aqmif rdk[mrufbm'DESifh olYvufaxmuf ESpfa,mufwkdY\ trIudk ppfaq;aeaom w&m;olBuD; 3 OD; ,if; wm0efrS EkwfxGufoGm;cJhMuonf/ we*FaEGaeY (3.11.13) wGif tparvD,m;NrdKU aoewform;rsm;u &JwyfzGJU0if 2 OD;udk ypfcwf owfjzwfoGm;cJhMuaMumif; od&Sd&onf/
Ref : AP

tuf'0yf pEkd;'iftm; oufnmcGihf ay;jcif;udk tar&duef vTwfawmf aumfrwDrsm; y,fcs

axmufvr S ;f a&;qki d& f m vQK0 Ud u S f owif;tcsut f vufrsm;udk zGic fh s azmfxw k f cJhNyD;aemuf jynfyokdY xGufajy; wdrf;a&SmifoGm;cJhNyD; ,cktcg k&Sm;EkdifiHwGif EkdifiHa&; ckdvIHcGihfjzihf aexkdifvsuf&Sdaom axmufvSrf;a&; ykdif;jcm;pdwfjzm ok;H oyfol tuf'0yfpEk;d 'iftm; avQma h ygo h ufnm rIay;rnfh rnfonfh pdwu f ;l pdwo f ef;udk rqkd 0g&ihf tar&duefvw T a f wmf trwfrsm;u y,fcscMhJ uaMumif; od&& dS onf/ olt U ay: olvQKr dp Ic JG sur f sm; wifxm;jcif;ukd jyefvnf kyo f r d ;f a&; tar&dueftm; 0ki d ;f 0ef; azsmif;zs pnf;k;H ay;Mu&ef Eki di fw H umudk arwm&yfcH xm;onfh pmwpfapmifukd rMumao;cifu *smref Eki di fa H &;orm; wpfO;D xHoYdk pEkd;'ifu a&;om; ay;ykdYcJhonf/ ,if; udpESifh pyfvsOf; owif;axmufwpfOD;u ar;jref;&mwGif tar&duef orw tdrfjzLawmfrS tBuHay; t&m&Sd 'efyDzpfzmu ]rpwm pEk;d 'if[m tar&duef Oya'udk csK;d azmufcy hJ gw,f? ol tar&duef jyefvmNy;D w&m;Oya'eJY &ifqkdifzdkYyJ &Sdygw,f? tckavmavmq,frSm olYtjypfukd avQmhayghoufnma&;eJY ywfoufwJh b,fvkd urf;vSrf;rIrsKd;udkrS aqG;aEG; wkdifyifaejcif; r&Sdygbl;} [k ajymqkdcJhonf/ tar&duef uGef*&ufvTwfawmf axmufvSrf;a&; aumfrwDrS &Dywf bvDuef atmufvTwfawmf trwf rkdufa&mf*smESifh 'Drdku&ufwpf txuf vTwfawmftrwf 'kdif,ef;zdef;pwdef;wkdY uvnf; tvm;wlyif ajymqkdcJhMu onf/ CBC kyfoHESifh awGUqkH&mwGif rpzdef;pwdef;u ]wu,fudk rpwm pEkd;'ifu wu,fyJ trSefw&m;udk azmfxkwfvdkol jzpfw,f qkd&if ol odxm;wmawGudk uRefrwkdY aumfrwDudk ESpfukd,fMum; ajymjycJhoifhygw,f/ 'gayrJh ol tJovdk rvkyc fy hJ gb;l ? 'gaMumihf olt Y wGuf avQma h ygh oufnm rIqw dk m &SdrvmEkdifygbl;} [k ajymqkdcJhonf/ rpwmpEk;d 'if 30 ESpo f nf tar&duef axmufvr S ;f a&;tzGu UJ jyKvy ka f om w,fvDzkef;ESifh tifwmeuf Mum;jzwf ckd;,l em;axmif zwfIcJhrIrsm;udk vlo& di S Mf um; azmfxw k f zGic fh scNhJ y;D aemuf jynfyodYk xGua f jy; wdr;f a&Smifom G ;onf/ ,cktcg ,m,D EkdifiHa&; ckdvIHcGihfjzihf k&Sm;EkdifiHwGif aexdkifvsuf&Sdonf/
Ref : AP