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For the Enlightenment of the Public

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Vol.( 3 ), No.( 41 ) (Friday) 17 July 2015

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Vol(3),No.(41)

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Vol(3),No.(41)

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Mahatama Gandi.

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Vol(3),No.(41)

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10

Vol(3),No.(41)

Vol(3),No.(41)

Dagon City pDrHudef; &yfqdkif;vdkufjcif;ESifU ywfouf


Marga Landmark ukrPD\ oabmxm;xkwfjyef
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ES i f h y wf o uf Marga Landmark
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awGUae&aMumif; od&onf/

11

NLD tzGJYcsKyfrS ynm'geausmif;rsm;twGuf *kPfjyKjcif;ESifU axmufyHUjcif;ay;tyf


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13

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15

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jrefrmvTwaf wmfBuD;u cyfaps;aygaygESihf ay;rnf/
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rnfoyYkd ifqq
kd ?kd vlreD;? olreD;awmBu;D rsurf nf;xJrS jrefrmacwfopfvw
T af wmf
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a&;rSmawmh nDnDGwfGwftm;xkwf rvkyf? ttdyfykyf? tpm;ykyf&if; tm;
tm;,m;,m; yk&pfaMumfa&mif;aeovdk txD;wpfaps;? trwpfaps;? Oya'awG
jy|mef;ay;aeonf[kom rSwfcsufay;&ayawmhrnf xifygonf/
r[kwfygvm;/
wu,fawmh rsKd;apmifhOya'[k vltrsm;
ac:qdkaeMuonfh Oya'udk jy|mef;rnfqdkvQif
vnf; txD;? trwef;wlxm;apmifha&Smufoifh
onf/ aq;ynmt&awmh rsK;d ADZ[lonfrmS txD;
tr[l rcGJjcm;? rsKd;ADZonf usm;usm;-rr ESpf
rsK;d vH;k rSm yg&So
d nf/ vlom;wpfa,mufjzpfvm&ef
k ,faqmifxm;onfh cdk
rsKd;ADZ[laom Gene udo
rdkZkef;(Chromosomes) 23 pHk&Sd&rnf/ tm;vHk;
46 ck? tzxHrS wpf0uf? trdxrH S wpf0uf? ESp0f uf
aygif;rS om;orD;wpfa,mufjzpfrnf/ ,ckvTwf
awmfrmS aqG;aEG;aeaom rsKd;apmifOh ya'rsm;t&
tzxHrS ay;a0&rnfh cdrk rkd Zkd ek ;f rsm;twGuf xde;f
odr;f &efrvd?k b,fvrl sK;d ? b,fbmom0ifu ,l,l
aps;aygaygESifh tvum;ay;rnf/ trdxHrS cdkrdk
Zkef;rsm;udkrl aps;wifxm;onf/
wu,fqv
kd Qif jrefrmAk'b
mom0if cdrk Zkd ek ;f
awGcsif;twlwl aps;wlomowfrw
S af om Oya'
rjzpfoifb
h ;l vm;? ar;csio
f nf/ Ny;D awmh usm;usm;rr kyEf iS ehf mrftpkawG csn;f yJr[kwyf gvm;/ yx0D?
awaZm? 0ga,m? tmayg "mwfBuD;av;yg;
tpkcsif;twlwl usm;ESifhrudk aps;wlrowfrSwf
onfrSm bmaMumifhrsm;ygvdrfh/ em;rvnfEdkif/
wpfcgu odyHpmapmifwpfckrS zwfrSwfrdzl;
onf/ vl\ cEmudk,fwpfudk,fvHk;udk cGJpdwfNyD;
oefYpif &&Sdrnfh trsKd;rsKd;aom owKyrmPudk
a&mif;csvQif 95 a':vmcefY&&Sdrnf[k xifrSwf
,lq jrefrmAk'b
mom0iftrsKd;orD;rsm;twGuf
aps;wifxm;onfh cyfwif;wif;Oya'awG xkwjf yef
aeavovm; rqdkwwfygawmhacs/
jrefrmvTwfawmfu jy|mef;vdkufaom rsKd;
apmifOh ya'awmfBuD;rsm;twGuf jynfwiG ;f ? jynfy
rS axmufjya0zefrIrsm;udkvnf; avhvmrdonf/
jrefrmjynfrS trsKd;orD;tcGifhta&; wuf<uvIyf
&Sm;oltzGUJ &Spzf UJG uvnf; aMunmcsuaf wG pkaygif;
xkwfjyef uefYuGufxm;MuonfudkawGU&onf/
trsK;d orD;tcGit
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ukvor*rS xkwfjyefxm;aom vlUtcGifhta&;
aMunmpmwrf;udk udk;um; uefYuGufMuonf/
tar&duefjynfaxmifprk S csD;jriahf om trsKd;
orD;owd&Sifqk&Sif RAINFALL -trsKd;orD;
tzGJUrS a':Zifrmatmifu RFA owif;XmeESifh
awGUqHk&mrSm (trsKd;orD;wpfOD;vufxyfzdkY udp

[m uRerf wdYk trsK;d orD;awGeyYJ J ydNk y;D oufqikd rf ,f


vdYk xifygw,f/ uRefrwd&Yk UJ oabmxm;uvnf;
ta&;BuD;w,fvx
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vlUtcGifhta&;aMunmpmwrf;tydk'f(16)udk csKd;
azmufwmjzpfwJhtwGuf vufrcHEdkifaMumif;?
pd;k &drf p&maumif;wmu bmoma&;rSm MoZm&Sw
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uRerf wdYk vlUtzGUJ tpnf;twGuf raumif;wJu
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hf a&;pHEeI ;f awGukd rvdu
k ef mwmyJ/ 'Dxrd ;f
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jrefrmEkid if rH mS BuKd ;pm;wnfaqmufaewJh yGiv
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axmufco
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aqmifaecsde?f jynfwiG ;f ppfrsm;aMumifh emusifpmG
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yrf;aecsdefrSm jynfwGif;jynfyrS a0zefrIawGudk
vnf; tav;teufxm;Mu&rnf xifrdonf/
jrefrmjynfonf jrefrmAk'b
mom0ifrsm;csn;f
aexdkifaom wdkif;jynfwpfckr[kwfbJ? wdkif;&if;
om;rsm; pkaygif;aexdkifaom wdkif;jynfqdkonfh
tcsufudk arhxm;vnf;jzpfrnfrxif/ twdwf
umvu zqyvtpd;k &\ 0efBu;D csKyfO;D Ekvufxuf
rSm Ak'b
momudk Ekid if aH wmfbmomtjzpf jy|mef;
rnf[k a<u;aMumfrkH Qjzifh c&pf,mefbmom0ifvl
rsm;pkjzpfaeaom wdkif;&if;om;rsm;twGuf xnfh
oGif;pOf;pm;jcif;r&Sd? rqifrjcifajymqdkcJhojzifh
jyemawGwufczhJ ;l NyD r[kwyf gvm;/ Ekid if aH &;qdk
onfrmS vlrsm;pktwGuv
f nf; xnfo
h iG ;f pOf;pm;&

Vol(3),No.(41)

19

ouJodkY vlenf;pkrsm;\ oabmxm;qErsm;udk


vnf; ypfy,fxm; r&aumif;aom t&mjzpf
onf/
wu,fawmh Ak'bmomonf tvGefvGwf
vyfaomtawG;tac: Free Thinking ESifh &yf
wnfaom bmomw&m;jzpfonfuv
kd nf; rnfol
rQ jiif;y,f&rnfrxif/ jrwfpmG bk&m;oufawmf
xif&mS ;&Spd Ofuyif rnfoEl iS rhf nfox
l rd ;f jrm;vuf
xyfjcif;rjyK&[laom Oya'orsK;d rMum;zl; cJo
h vdk
rnfonfhAk'usrf;cHrSmrSvnf; ryg&SdcJh/ xdkYenf;
twl a&S;,cifacwftqufquf yk*Hwnfp
&Sift&[Hudk,fawmf <uvmcsdefupwifcJhaom
ordik ;f pOftqufqufvnf; rnfonfah x&fBuD;0g
BuD;urS rrdefYrrSmcJhovdk rnfonfhomoemjyK
&Sifbk&ifurSvnf; rjy|mef;cJh/
ae&mwGif Ak'b
momomoemjyK rif;wke;f
rif;Bu;D \ t,ltqudak zmfjyvdo
k nf/ rif;wke;f rif;
BuD;u (igudk,fwdkifonf ighom;ighorD;awmfwdkY
tm;vnf; rnfonfb
h momudu
k ;kd uG,Mf u[k rdeYf
awmfrlrnfr[kwf/ ig\ wdkif;oljynfom;rsm;udk
vnf; b,fbmomb,ft,lukd vufcu
H ;kd uG,&f
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d rdbrsKd;d;k
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udkrl tvG,fwulrpGefYy,foifh[k igudk,fawmf
,lqw,f)[kom rdefYawmfrlzl;onf/
wu,fawmh rif;wkef;rif;vufxufawmf
onf atmufjrefrmjynfudk t*Fvdyfrif;rsm;odrf;
,lNyD; umvjzpfovdk om;awmforD;awmfrsm;
onfyifvQif q&mrSwBf uD;ausmif;vdk omoemjyK
ausmif;rsm;rS ynmoifMum;aeMucsed jf zpfonf/ xdk
tcsdefrsKd;rSm xdkodkYaom pum;rsm;udk rdefYqdkawmf
rlwwfonfh jrefrm&Sifbk&ifwpfyg;onf tawG;
tac:rnfrQ acwfraD wmfro
l enf;/ vlUtcGit
hf a&;
qdkonfudk vHk;0rMum;zl;onfhwdkif vlUtcGifh
ta&;pHurkd l bk&ifwpfyg;taejzifh xif&mS ;wduspmG
em;vnfoabmaygufawmfrv
l o
S nf[o
k m rSwf
csufay;&awmhrnf/
,ckawmhjzifh a&S;jrefrmrif;tqufquf?
EkdifiH &yfjcm;rS vma&muftkyfcsKyfaom t*Fvdyf?
*syef acwftqufqufrmS rMum;zl;/ rBuHKzl;aom
jrefrmtrsKd;orD;rsm; txl;xdr;f jrm;vufxyfjcif;
Oya'BuD;udk uRerf wd\
Yk 21 &mpktifwmeufacwf
opfrmS rS BuHK&? awGU&? jrif&acsNyD/ Ak'b
mom0if
jrefrmtrsKd;orD;ppfppfjzpf&onfrmS jrefrmjynfu
yk&pfaMumfrsm;vdk txD;rsm;xufaps;ydkaumif;? ydk
wefz;kd BuD;vm 0rf;om&rnfvm;/ tdraf xmifa&;
pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;awG wif;usyfvm tcspfrSm
uefYowfcsufrsm;rvdkbl;[k toHus,fus,fESifh
oDcsif;atmfqdk&rnfvm;? rajymwwfawmh/
rnfoyYkd ifqq
kd ?kd vlreD;? olreD;awmBuD;rsuf
rnf;xJrS jrefrmacwfopfvw
T af wmfBu;D onf jrefrm
jynfw;kd wufzUHG NzKd ;a&;twGuf rSeu
f efaom OD;aqmif
rItajymif;tvJupd r sm;twGuf qH;k jzwf&mrSmawmh
rnDGwf/ yk'fr 436 jyifqifa&;rSmawmh nDnD
GwfGwftm;xkwf rvkyf? ttdwfykyf? tpm;
yky&f if; tm;tm;,m;,m; yk&pfausmaf &mif;aeovdk
txD;wpfaps;? trwpfaps;? Oya'awG jy|mef;
ay;aeonf[o
k m rSwcf suaf y;&ayawmhrnf xif
ygonf/

20

Vol(3),No.(41)

q,fUukd;Zlvkdif rarUEkdif
EdkifiHa&;[mcifAsm;wdkY&JU edp"l0b0yJ/ twd
tusajym&&if cifAsm;wdyYk /J [dak &S;umvutm&pf
wdkw,fvfajymcJhovdkyJ cifAsm;wdkY[mEdkifiHa&;
ow 0 gawG y J / cif A sm;wd k Y b ,f v d k p m;w,f ?
tdyw
f ,f? tvkyv
f yk w
f ,f? aexdik w
f ,fqw
kd mudk
Ed k i f i H a &;u ta&;xm;w,f / cif A sm;wd k Y u
Edik if aH &;taMumif; awG;rdcsifraS wG;rdr,f/ 'gayrJh
EdkifiHa&;ucifAsm;wdkYtaMumif; awG;csifw,f/
a&Twd*Hk&ifjyifrdefYcGef;
Zefe0g&D 20 &uf? 1946

trsK;d om;ol&aJ umif;awG[m b,favmuf


MumMumoufq;kd &Snv
f v
Ykd /J 'DEikd if rH mS awmh Mum
avhr&Sdygbl;/ olwdkYrSm&efolawGrsm;vGef;w,f/
trsm;qHk;arQmfvifhEdkifwm oHk;ESpfyJ/ uRefawmfh
ud,
k u
f akd wmif uReaf wmfaemufxyf q,f&h pS v
f
xufydkNyD; touf&SifzdkYrarQmfvifhbl;/
qm&,f*sDevfa':refprpfESifh
ESpfudk,fMum; ajympum;
(azazmf0g&Dv 1946)

Vol(3),No.(41)

21

vufatmufcEH ikd if jH zpf&jcif;onf tmumv


ntarSmif awmeufxv
J rf;aysmufae&ovdyk if
jzpfonf/ uRefawmfw
h ikd ;f jynf vGwv
f yfa&;qdwf
okO;f aerItwGuf tdyrf ufxrJ mS yif uReaf wmfa'go
wBuD; idka<u;rd&avh&SdcJhonf/
Armhacwfpmapmifyg
]]ArmhvGwfvyfa&;wdkufyGJ}}aqmif;yg;rS
(1 &uf? Mo*kwfv? 1943)

tyifyef;cHNy;D usKyfww
Ykd pfwyfv;kH wdu
k af ewm/
vlwpfpx
k aJ umif;pm;zdv
Yk nf; r[kwb
f ;l / usKyfwYkd
ud,
k af &;ud,
k w
f m aumif;pm;rItwGurf [kwb
f ;l /
wdkif;jynf&JUvGwfvyfa&;eJY wdkif;jynfBuD;&JU vlxk
aumif;pm;a&;udkom &nf&G,fNyD;wdkufaewmjzpf
w,f/
1945 ckESpf? rwfv 24 &uf
jynfNrdKUwGift&m&Sdppfonfrsm;udk
ajymMum;onfh rdefYcGef;/

vlx&k UJ jyemt&yf&yfukd uReaf wmfwpYkd w


d f
&Sdwdkif; ajz&Sif;ray;Edkifao;onfhwdkifatmif
usD;vefY pmpm;wxdwfxdwfwvefYvefYae&wJh
b0u vGwaf jrmufcsrf;omNyD; vlx[
k m pdwcf s
vufcsae&JwJh b0udka&mufatmifvkyfay;zdkY
uRefawmfwdkYrSm wm0ef&Sdw,f/ vlxk&JUacgif;
aqmiftjzpfudk uRefawmfwdkYcH,lxm;Mu&if 'D
wm0efvnf;ausyeG af tmif xrf;zdrYk arhoifah ybl;/

vlrdkufvkyfr,fBuHwJh &efolawGudk vlrdkuf


enf;eJYyJ wHkYjyef&vdrfhr,f/ vlvdrmvkyfNyD; vdrm
r,fh &efoal wGukd vlvrd menf;awGeyYJ J jyefwu
kd &f
r,f/ Edik if aH &;[m Edik if aH &;yJ/ edAm efa&mufatmif
vkyfaeMuwmr[kwfbl;/ odkYaomfigwdkYupNyD;
rnpfywfygeJ?Y rrdu
k Mf uygeJ?Y rrIavmufwahJ e&mrSm
vnf; ta&;rpdu
k ef ?YJ vspfvsLIxm;Muzdv
Yk w
kd ,f/
1947 ckESpf? rwfv 13 &uf
n 7 em&D rdepf 30 a&'D,dkrdefYcGef;/

1947 ckESpf? {NyD 5 &uf


nae 6 em&D 33 rdepf a&'D,dkrdefYcGef;/
]]tck0efBuD;jzpf&ayr,fh uRefawmfhrSm
bmrSx;l jcm;jcif;r&Syd gbl;/ *syefacwfwpfacwf
vH;k uvnf; ppf0efBuD;qdNk y;D uReaf wmfrh mS t0wf
ESpfxnfoHk;xnfuvGJNyD; tydkr&SdcJhygbl;/ tck
acwfa&mufjyefawmh 'gawGudk0wfae&wmyJ/
tck0wfaewJh abmif;bDeJY tusawmif tck
0efBuD;&mxl;udk0ifNyD;rS rdwfaqGawGu Munfh
raumif;vdkY twif;tcsKyfcdkif;wmeJY BuHzef
NyD;csKyfvdkuf&w,f/ tck0efBuD;tjzpfeJY vc
b,favmuf,rl ,fqw
kd m zqyvuqH;k jzwf
ray;ao;bl;/ b,favmufyJqHk;jzwfqHk;jzwf
usKyfrSm pm;avmufHkavmufydkrSmr[kwfbl;/
ydkufqHr&vdkY *kPfqdkwmuawmh 0efBuD;
jzpf&wJt
h wGuf b,favmufrsm;wufomG ;ovJ
vdkY ar;Muprf;yg/ tckvdkrD;awmifBuD;ay:rSm
wufxdkifae&wmeJYwlwJh 0efBuD;&mxl;qdkwm
ckaetcgusKyfwdkY ,lcsifwmr[kwfbl;/ wdkif;
jynf&UJ taMumif;awG axmufNyD; rsufprd w
dS Nf yD;
pGefY,l&wmyJ/ vlxkBuD;u usKyfudkay;xm;wJh
vlxkacgif;aqmifqdkwJh *kPfudk 0efBuD;qdkwJh
*kPx
f uf usKyfyrkd ufw,fqw
kd m cifAsm;wdrYk w
S f
xm;vdkufMuyg/ usKyfpdwfxJrSmqdk&if 0efBuD;
qdkwJh *kPf[mvlxkacgif;aqmifqdkwJh *kPf&JU
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1946 ckESpf? atmufwdkbm 22 &uf
n 7 em&D 15 rdepf? a&'D,dktoHvTifhrdefYcGef;./

q,fUukd;Zlvkdif rarUEkdif

]]tpd;k &trIxrf;t&mxrf;qdw
k m trSepf ifppf
awmh udk,fh0w&m;udk,fausyGefatmif xrf;zdkYyJ/
[dv
k u
l akd Mumufovdv
k ?kd 'Dvu
l rkd suEf mS csKad oG;csif
ovdv
k ?kd 'Dvv
kd yk v
f rYkd &bl;/ ud,
k 0hf w&m;ud,
k af us
yGe&f if b,foUl rSvnf;aMumufzrYkd vdb
k ;l / b,fol
urSvnf; vufzsm;eJrY S rwdEYk ikd b
f ;l qdw
k mrSwx
f m;
Muyg}}/
1947 ckESpf? {NyD 5 &ufaeY
nae 6 em&D 33 rdepf a&'D,dkrdefYcGef;/

tckvil ,fawGjrefrmjynf&UJ Edik if aH &;rSm xdyf


oD;xdyw
f ef;a&mufaew,fqw
kd m vli,fawGoyd f
awmfvrYkd [kwb
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f v
hH q
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kd mudo
k d
zdkYvdkw,f/
1947 ckESpf {NyD 17 &ufaeY
n ESpfopful;rdefYcGef;/

Armhwyfrawmfukd xlaxmifNyD;aemuf rsuf


arSmufumvtxd Armhwyfrawmf Adv
k cf sKyfaygif;
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tcgrS usefrnfr[kwf[k xifygonf/

22

Vol(3),No.(41)

aps;uGuf^owif;

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ay;ydkhEdkifaMumif; zdwfac:tyfygonf/
trSwf - 10^12? 43 vrf;atmuf? Adkvfwaxmif NrdKYe,f? &efukefNrdKY/
zkef; - 01 398582? 01 398583
email - luduponeyeik@gmail.com

Vol(3),No.(41)

23

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T.A

24

aqmif;yg;

Vol(3),No.(39)

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25

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26

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wpf a xmif p D xk w f a y;aewm[mvnf ;

Vol(3),No.(41)

29

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pmrsufESm (36) odkY

30

Vol(3),No.(41)

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Vol(3),No.(41)

31

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pmrsufESm (36) odkY

32

Vol(3),No.(41)

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34

Vol(3),No.(41)

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35

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36

Vol(3),No.(41)

Vol(3),No.(41)

2015 a&G;aumufyGJtwGuf txl;&Jrsm;? t&ef&Jrsm; ac:,lvsuf&Sd


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37

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38

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39

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wdkufcdkufrIrsm;jzpfay:cJh&onf/

Vol(3),No.(41)

vTwfawmfOu|udk owfrnf[k
t&ufa&mif;pma&; Ncdrf;ajcmuf
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[k xGufqkdcsufay;xm;onf/

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STREET JOURNAL owif;pmu
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ik0ga&T pkpnf;wifjyonf

PIRATES OF THE CARIBBEAN, OLD DOGS rSonf AGENTS


OF S.H.I.E.L.D ESifh COLD CASE

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jynfwGif;owif;

Vol(3),No.(27)

DKBA ESifh

tpdk;&ppfwyfMum; wdkufyGJrsm;aMumifU
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PN
DKBA ESifh

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Vol(3),No.(27)

apmif;aumufuRef;wGif b*FgvDvlrsKd;
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Vol(3),No.(41)

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43

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44

Vol(3),No.(41)

Vol(3),No.(41)

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For the Enlightenment of the Public

Vol.( 3 ), No.( 41 ) (Friday) 17 July 2015

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