I.

PHN M U

Theo quan im ca ti, mt resort thnh cng l mt resort c tnh hiu qu trong vic to ra
nhng tri nghim. Resort trong mt ti l mt loi hnh dch v cao cp v ngi ta chi rt nhiu
tin vo n ch trong mt khong thi gian ngn khong t 1,2 ngy n mt tun. Nh vy,
iu cn quan tm l mang n cho h nhng tri nghim xng ng vi n, ta khng th b ra
mt s tin ln tri qua mt ngy y ht nh chui ngy thng thng nhm chn. Mt trit gia
c ni: Khng c mt iu kin no l cho hnh phc v hnh phc hay bt hnh l s ln
hoc xung ca iu kin sng. Nu mt ngi c thu nhp v iu kin sng cao th nhu cu
ca h v mt tri nghim n tng cng kht khe. M s ln nhng ngun li thu c t
resort th nm trong s nh, tc nhng ngi c thu nhp cao (Quy lut 80:20 trong kinh t - a
s tin nm trong tay thiu s ngi, c hi him hoi mang li li nhun di do v tng t). D
nhin c nhiu resort nhm n dch v du lch gi r v v th nhng hn hp v ngun vn v
mc u t gii hn tm cao ca resort. Nhng resort danh gi trn th gii khng dnh cho
a s v ch c thiu s mi mc chi tr cho nhng dch v ny hin hu. Nhng dch v ny
tp trung mang li nhng tri nghim n mc trit nht t vic n, ung, ng, tm, i do,
ngm cnh, vui chi, u nm trong rt hu bao khch hng ca nhng nh vn hnh
resort. Theo ti, mi l mt resort thnh cng.
Sau y l mt s phn tch ca em v vic nhng nh thit k, nh u t to tc mt tri
nghim tuyt vi trong resort tng khng gian chc nng, tng kha cnh nh th noiu
c bit ti chn nghin cu chuyn su v du n vng min trong thit k kin trc resort
nhm gi gn bn sc vn ha bn a ,lm cho h thng resort trn t nc ta a dng v
phong ph .n vi mi vng min chng ta c th sng,sinh hot v c nhng tri nghim th
v phong tc tp qun ca a phng .

1
II. NI DUNG NGHIN CU
1.TNG QUAN V RESORT
1.1. Resort l g?

Ngi ta thng ngh v resort nh l nhng qun th ngh dng cch xa thnh ph v
nhng ni c cnh tr thin nhin p phc v nhu cu th gin v gii tr ca con ngi.

Tuy nhin, resort theo ngha y hn, l loi hnh khch sn c xy dng c lp thnh
khi hoc cc qun th gm bit th, cn h du lch, bungalow i km vi cc dch v, tin
nghi a dng cho nhu cu ngh dng, gii tr v tham quan du lch. Theo , cng c nhng
resort c t khu vc th vi nhng tin nghi phc v cho hi ngh, th gin v gii tr
c gi l resort th. Hn na, cng c nhng resort khng nht thit t nhng khu vc
c cnh quan t nhin p nhng li c th to ra mt mi trng cnh quan nhn to theo ch
vui chi nht nh, c gi l resort cng vin ch (theme park). Mt khc, mt s resort
c t vng hoang vu, s khai hay thm ch tr tri lm nn cho cc hot ng triu tr
sc khe c v th cht ln tinh thn.
1.2. Lch s hnh thnh v pht trin ca resort

T thi La M, hnh thc khi thy ca nhng resort c xy dng hon ton dnh cho mc
ch th gin v tm cng cng.
Tham quan cc bn tm l mt cuc th gin th v m hu ht cc tng lp x hi thi La Ma
a thch. Thi tm tp th rt ph bin bi v l nhng nhu cu cn thit ca con ngi.
Vo th k th 2 tr. CN, mt h tm cng cng thng rt nh, trang tr khim tn v c mc
ch u tin l phc v li ch thit thc cho nhu cu ca mi ngi. Cc bn tm c xy
2
dng chia ra lm hai loi: loi cho n ng v loi cho n b sau c tu sa li cho rng
hn, thit k hp dn hn bng s khm qu cm thch.

Nhng bn tm d rng thp nh c thit lp bi cc hong ROME rng ri cho Ostia

v chng c thit k mt cch ho phng p mt. Phc ca cc nh tm Neptune
c minh ha v ch ra cc yu t xy dng resort xut hin vo thi im v c duy tr
nhng th k sau , cu trc ca kin trc c mt ca vi nhng hot ng ngoi tri tri
rng ra bn cnh nhng tin nghi th thao, nh hng, ch lu tr v cc ca hng.
vng xa xi ho lnh, cc nh tm thng ta lc vng c sui nc nng. Gi tr tht s
mang li ca cc sui nc nng l s phc hi sc lao ng iu ny c bit t rt
sm. Ngi Hy Lp kt ni cc sui nc nng vi thng v xy dng vng ny tr
thnh thnh a ni c cc b th nc s phun tro ra.

Nhng resort u tin l nhng khu Spa ven bin ca Hy Lp v La M xa xa, loi hnh ny
nhanh chng lan truyn ra khp ch La M nhng n thi Trung c th gim st. Thi k
Phc hng mang khoa hc, ngh thut, v c spa pht trin tr li khp Chu u. Mt khu spa
ni ting t thi c l Baden Baden c vi hn 50 khch sn v thu ht hng ngn lt
khch du lch hng nm n tn hng ngun sui khong t nhin a phng. Vi
nhng ngun gc tng t, nhng khu resort ni ting Bc M cng l cc khu Spa xy dng
t cc nm 1750 sui Sulphur trng min West Virginia, v trong cng ng resort sui
Saratoga, New York. Nhng a im trn tr nn cc k ni ting nh cc khu vc sinh hot
cng ng cp quc gia vo nhng nm 1850.

Trong thi k quc La M hng thnh c nhiu cng trnh honh trng c xy dng cn
tn ti n ngy nay. c khai qut vo nm 1998, khu di tch Allianoi 2.000 nm tui Th
Nh K thi by gi c c nhng cng trnh phc v li ch sc khe, tng ng vi cc
kiu dch v spa ca ngy nay .

3
Aliianoi l mt trong nhng h thng tm v ngh mt lu i nht th gii, bt u b vi di
lp ct t thng 9/2010.Nhng ct tr ni ln trn b nc vo thng 2/2008. Nhng ngi La
M c ko n h bi, nh tm v cc cng trnh khc tn hng nhng li ch sc khe
ca sui t nhin.

Vic tm ra tr thnh mt s kin x hi ch khng n gin l lm sch v th gin.

Trong nhng nm u ca cuc cch mng cng nghip, cc resort vn tip tc pht
trin. Cc resort ni ting thi nh l khu nh trn ni Mohok gn New York, khch sn
Coronado San Diego, California thnh vng nh cnh tr t nhin a dng ca ni rng v
bin. n th k 20 th resort tr nn ngy cng va ti tin hn i vi tng lp trung lu c
4
bit l sau Th Chin th 2. iu ny bao gm c s pht trin ca ngy du lch Chu , Chu
u, c bit l Nht Bn cng nh M. Tri qua s pht trin lu di nh th, th loi cng trnh
ny phn chia ra thnh nhiu chng loi, hnh thc, phong cch, dch v, ch , a im v c
i tng hng n.

Ngi ta v rng, s pht trin resort l mt bc tranh nhiu mu sc. Chu u v Chu M,
nhng resort sm nht c xy dng quanh nhng sui nc khong. S bng n du lch l
hnh dn n nhiu resort dim l, sang trng cng c xy dng khp mi ni thm ch
ngay c vng ho lnh nht ca th gii.

Truyn thng ca resort l pht trin theo ma v, l mt th thc m ngi ta nhm n trong
i sng kinh doanh hin i. Di p lc kinh t, hot ng ma v khng cn ph hp, th
trng khch hng, s thay i xu hng ngh ngi, gi lao ng c rt ngn, thi gian th
gin gia tng, s hon thin ca giao thng vn ti cc nhn t ny cng l nhng nguyn
nhn thc y resort chuyn hng hot ng.

S hc c g t vin cnh v s phn ha ca resort trong lch s pht trin ca n? Bi hc

u tin l, c mun i du lch nhm th gin n su vo tm khm ca con ngi. Dng
mu , nhu cu chnh l th trng tim nng ln lao i vi cc resort ngh dng, y
cng l bi hc th hai m cc nh marketing v qun l resort lu .

5
Bi hc th ba cng rt ng quan tm: nhng gii hn v th phn ca resort, s thay i ca
cc yu t x hi, s thay i th hiu tiu dng, nhng thay i v nhn khu hc, cc tiu
chun thit lp ca cht lng v dch v ni n, quan nim v truyn thng mi, s cnh
tranh, nt hp dn ca resort, s tng gim khch hng, co gin dn s l nhng yu cu k
thut quan trng ca ngi kinh doanh resort. Ci tin qun l, ti thit v tng vn u t,
phng chng nhng hnh nh c k v nhim mi trng dng nh y chnh l cha kha
duy tr s tn ti lu bn cho vng i sn phm.
Resort to ra mi trng lm tng cm gic hnh phc v hng th thng qua vic cung cp
ni c tr sang trng, thc n thc ung ngon ming, vui chi gii tr ph hp bn cnh nhng
thit b cao cp tng xng, kt hp vi cc vng gii tr ln cn thn thin v cao hn l lng
hiu khch ca con ngi.
Nh mt xu hng, gp phn m rng quan nim resort t nng cao nhn thc cho cc
tng lp ngh dng mi, ngh dng chnh l nng cao cht lng cuc sng ca nhn loi.

Cc loi hnh a dng resort ra i u phc v nhu cu vui chi gii tr ngy mt tng ca con
ngi trong bi cnh cuc sng lm vic i khi nhiu p lc. Hn na, s pht trin v phng
tin i lai gip cho vic du lch v khm ph nhng vng t mi tr nn d dng hn bao gi
ht. Con ngi cng v th xem nhu cu c tri nghim nhng cnh quan p v khng gian
mi l c bn.
2. PHN LOI RESORT

2.1. Phn loi theo chc nng hot ng

2.1.1. Resort phc v sc khe (health and spa resort)

Mt thnh phn quan trng nht trong cng trnh loi ny chnh l khu vc Health Clubs. Health
Clubs cng c th c coi mt dng Spa. Spa c t rt lu i. Nhng thi xa ch phc v
cho s t tng lp qu tc. Ngun gc ca spa ngy nay l nhng khu tm cng cng t xa.

Ti spa, ngi ta c rn luyn tinh thn v sc khe phng chng li bnh tt , hn l i n

ti ri mi dng thuc thang cha tr. Trong qu trnh ngi La M i nh chim m mang
b ci, h cho xy dng nhng khu spa, l ni tm mt, th gin cho cc chin binh. Phm vi
s dng ban u cn b hp, sau m rng dn ra, cc dch v theo cng a dng hn ph
hp vi nhiu di tng phc v.

6
y l ni du khch phc hi sc khe v ly li s cn bng v tinh thn nn phi c c
khng kh thong ng v phong cnh thin nhin tuyt p. Tt c cc thnh phn mt nc
nh: ao, h nhn to trong khu vc sn phi c cng ct vi nhau.

Khch sn ven bin c li th v cnh quan rt ln , v vy i hi phi c s ha hp vi thin

nhin cao nht m vn cung ng c tt c nhng tin nghi m du khch mong mun.

Khu Health Clubs i hi mc rt yn tnh nn cng nh hng n vic thit k kin trc
cho cng trnh. Khch sn va mang phong thi yn lnh nhng vn mang nt sng ng ca
hot ng khu vc . T vic thit k cn c s ha hp tinh t gia cc tnh cht y vi
nhau mang li tnh hiu qu nht cho cng trnh.

Ngy nay i sng con ngi pht trin vt bc, hng th nhiu thnh qu ca khoa hc k
thut hin i. Tuy nhin, con ngi cng gnh chu lng p lc tm l khng nh. V vy nhu
cu th gin, ngh ngi c cao.

7
Cc thnh phn trong spa:

SPA khng c nhng quy nh cht ch, khun php nh bnh vin, khng ng c, no nhit
nh hng qun, v trng. SPA l tng hp tinh hoa ca cc loi hnh trn theo mt liu lng
khc nhau mang li sinh lc, s minh mn, sng sut cho ngi s dng. Tu theo s thch
v nhu cu mi ngi m c rt nhiu loi hnh th gin khc nhau la chn. L ni rn
luyn th cht bng nhng bi tp th dc (c th c s h tr ca my mc) v cung cp cc
dch vu cn thit phc hi sc kho nh massage, sauna (phng xng hi kh), steambath
(phng xng hi t), jacuzzi (h tm thy lc),...

2.1.2. Resort theo ch (themed resort)

c im nhn dng, thng thit k sang trng, tp trung cc thnh ph ln, xa hoa v c
mt khu chc nng ring ca tng loi hnh.

Resort c sng bi (casino resort)

L mt khu ngh dng, khch sn c kt hp vi chc nng nh bc (casino). y chc

nng ngh dng ch l ph, chc nng chnh l nh bc.

Nhiu casino resort cn m phng cc thnh ph ln trn th gii nh Newyork, Pari,

Venicec sn u trc thng ln cc loi hnh gii tr biu din vn ha ti nhiu vng min
trn th gii khc nhau.

Venetian Resort Hotel Casino vi thit k c o theo kiu , ta nh mt Venice lng

mn thu nh trn thnh ph ngh dng, vui chi, xa hoa nht th gii. 8
Cng trnh Niagara Fallsview Casino Resort: Niagara Falls, Ca-na-a

- Ngoi tht:

+ Din tch: 232.260 m

+ Mt tin pha ng ca cng trnh gi li cc bc tng ca sn thng v li vo c xy

dng vo nm 1904. Bn trong t chc mt qung trng ln

+ li vo chnh l mt mi vm vi kt cu thp chu lc p knh a ra. Ti ng vo chnh

l mt i phun nc c th thay i khng lm t ngi i b v xe t i qua.

+ Kt cu ch yu l b tng ct thp kt hp vi khung thp.

- Ni tht:

+ Yu t thit k ni tht c la chn cn thn bo tn v p t nhin xung quanh vch

Niagara.

+ Thit k kin trc v ni tht nh mu sc, nh sng v khng gian to cm gic thoi mi v
hnh phc cho c du khch v nhn vin.

+ Cc yu t c tnh nng ni bt trong thit k Niagara Fallsview Casino Resort l vic s dng
cc mu , ni tht vi cc cnh trn thay v cc dng cng, v trnh s '4 '.

9
- Casino din tch sn: 19.000 m 2

- Vi thit k trn honh trng, mu sc sang trng, bc ct ln.

- Ngoi ra cn c sn khu ln v cc h tm thy lc trong cng trnh.

Resort hi ngh (convention and conference resort)

Resort hi ngh thng rt ln v chuyn nghip trong vic cung cp cc phng hi ngh, cc
dch v cho vic hi hp, mt s phng trin lm v khng gian trng by, nh
hng, c s chm sc y t, phng tp th dc v c cc ca hng bn l.

Western Vega Convention Center, Moscow, Nga.

Nhiu thnh ph trn th gii ang xy dng Resort kt hp vi Trung Tm Hi Ngh ti cc a

im kh k l thu ht cc nhm du khch va cng tc va ngh dng (MICE, Meeting,
Incentive, Conference, Exhibition ), mang tin ch v cng n vic lm cho a phng.

Phng hi tho ln c thit k sang trng v trang nh vi y h thng thit b nghe nhn,
nh sng, sn khuhin i p ng y yu cu ca cc cuc hi ngh, hi tho ln.

10
 T hp TDS Resort _ Ninh Thun Phng hi ngh ca Flamingo i Li resort _ Vnh
Phc

Resort theo ch th thao

Cc khu resort ny kt hp vi
mt mn th thao c trng nh:
golf, du thuyn, trt tuyt lm
ch o cho pht trin tng
ton khu.

Vail Resort kt hp trt tuyt, Beaver Creek, Colorado, Hoa K.

Lt vn bin Surfers Paradise resort _ Australia. Sealink golf resort _ Phan Thit

Sn golf v sn qun vt cng c b sung thm vo vic phn nhnh, ri chng ta c Golf
Resort, v Tennis Resort . Sau , cc ch u t cng cho xy dng thm vo chng cc khu
mua sm phc hp vi cc chung c cao tng, cc nh hng v cc trung tm ngh thut.

11
 Marriott Doral Golf Spa v Resort, Hoa K.

Sealink Golf resort

_ Phan Thit l
mt trong nhng
Golf resort mang
tm c quc t vi
sn golf 18 l
c xy dng
trn i ct trng.
Din tch sn golf
chim gn 50%
din tch khu vc.
Cc khch sn,
bit th ngh
dng c b tr
quanh khu vc
sn golf c hng
nhn ra bin.

2.2. Phn loi theo v tr a l

2.2.1. Resort trong th (urban resort)

Qu trnh hnh thnh v pht trin

V cn bn loi hnh ny nhiu th trn th gii bt u pht trin mnh m.

Cc khch sn trong cc thnh ph c ci tin v nhiu ni c thm spa v casino, trong

khi vn tip th cc im mnh ca chng nh gn cm rp chiu phim, nh ht, khu mua sm,
cc khu di tch lch s v cng trnh kho c Ta tm gi chng l Resort trong th.

12
 Urban Resort San Petersburgo vi cc khu th thao v b bi trong nh
c im chc nng

Thng thng, mt khu resort trong th th nh, vi ch mt hoc hai tin ch v dch v ngh
dng chnh . Do , n khng c tnh khp kn.

y l m hnh ph hp cho nhng c nhn hay gia nh c cc c s kinh doanh khch sn

v mun ci tin chng. y cng l khuynh hng Resort ca nhng nm sp ti.v chng
nm ngay trong th, thi gian ngh dng c th linh hot, v ph hp vi nhng k ngh ngn
ca ngi ti th.

Urban Resort San Petersburgo vi cu trc nhng khi nh lin k.

Ch yu l cc cng trnh khch sn hay khu ngh dng cao cp trong th. Thng thng
quy m khng ln nh cc loi hnh khp kn khc.

Do cc khu Resort c xy dng trong th vi qu t t nn kin trc ca cc khu

Resort thng l cc khu nh cao tng.

13
Qy t t, nn cc Resort loi ny khng c s h tr ca cc yu t t nhin nh: i ni,
bin, cnh quan nn thng to ra cc khu nh cao tng vi cc hng nhn m ra th,
t to tm nhn cho mnh.

AZURE URBAN RESORT nm st trc ng giao thng chnh nhng vn m bo l 1 khu

ngh dng khp kn.

Cng trnh kin trc tiu biu:

AZURE URBAN RESORT :

Thit k ca KTS Broadway Malyan.

Azure nm bn cnh SM Bicutan City Mall, thuc thnh ph Paranaque, Metro Manila.

Din tch 112.737 m2, nm trn ng cao tc Nam Luzon Bicutan.

Azure c 9 ta nh c xp bao quanh to thnh mt hnh tam gic, c mt khu bi bin nhn
to gia.

C mt cng vin m, khu vn cy xanh, sn chi, h bi vi thc nc, bar bn b bi, bng
chuyn bi bin v sn bng r c a tng th,v.vvi cc tin ch mua sm, n ung
v gii tr cao cp i km.

14
 MALDIVES MAUI MIAMI

POSITANO RIO SANTORINI

MT S TO NH CA AZURE URBAN RESORT .

Mt tin c xy dng bng b tng ct thp, vt liu nhm knh kt hp, vi tng mi c
lm bng khung thp

15
Thit k ni tht c hai kiu:
- Tng nh v cc vt liu sng, mm to cm gic yn tnh, trang trng (kiu Downtown Chic )
- Tng hin i mu m p v sang trng (kiu Chu hin i).
Ban u thit k s c tng trng, sn g v khng trang tr, tu vo s thch ca khch
hng m la chn cch trang tr, phong cch ni tht thch hp.

Ni tht kiu Chu Ni tht kiu

hin i Downtown Chic

2.2.2. Resort trong ven bin (coastal resort )

Qu trnh hnh thnh v pht trin

Resort ven bin l loi hnh khu du lch sinh thi ngh dng phc v nhu cu ngh dng, gii
tr, tham quan du lch ca du khch c xy dng nhng ni c cnh quan thin nhin p,
cnh cc b bin. Nn c c im chung l yn tnh, xa khu dn c, xy dng theo hng ha
mnh vi thin nhin, c khng gian v cnh quan rng, thong, xanh.

Resort khc vi cc c s lu tr thng thng bi h thng dch v lin hon, tng hp, c th
p ng mi nhu cu ca khch nh dch v gii tr, chm sc sc khe, lm p, luyn tp th
thao. Do Resort mang li nhng gi tr v dch v hon ho hn nn gi cng kh t so vi gi
phng khch sn cng tiu chun.

Cc Bungalow hnh thnh cy vn ra trn mt bin tnh lng vi tm nhn

v nh ni la hng v.

16
 c im chc nng

t chc hot ng kinh doanh Resort cn phi c mt khun vin c din tch rng ln, y
cc khu ngh dng khng xy cao tng, ch yu l kiu cc bit th. Xung quanh khu Resort c
nhiu dch v vui chi gii tr nh b bi, massage, phng tp th hnh, khu biu din ngh
thut, m thc

V c s vt cht k thut: do cc khu Resort c xy dng cc vng bin nn kin trc ca

cc khu Resort thng l cc khu nh thp tng, mang tnh gn gi vi mi trng, gn gi vi
thin nhin nhng vn m bo ti s sang trng, tin nghi. Din tch cc Resort thng t 1
hcta ti 40 hcta v din tch ngy cng c m rng v c trng ca khu Resort thng l
cc khu vc c khng gian rng ri trong din tch xy dng thng chim t l nh.

Gn lin vi c th a phng

Khai thc ci ring, ci c th ca a phng em li cho nh u t cng nh nh thit k

nhng cu cnh cho vic tm ra s hp dn ring ca khu Resort. iu ny i hi s su sc
trong suy ngh ca ch u t. Su sc l bi v, c khi, ch v hng say khai thc ci c th v
hnh m nh u t v ngi thit k lm mt i ci duyn c sn m thin nhin ban
tng.

Bulgaria Resort Mediterrenean coastal resort

Cht liu s dng trong kin trc l Din vin chnh

17
Ngi nng thn ln thnh th th mong tm s thch th trong tin nghi, cht liu sang trng.
Ngi thnh th trnh gn my lnh, nn bng longm tm n hng ng gi ni, gch tu,
gh tre.

Nhng khu Resort Bali, Indonesia, Phuket-Thi Lan tr thnh nhng v d in hnh cho
nhng minh ha m hu ht cc ch u t u hng ti. Nh tranh, vch t, mi l, lu nc,
bnh xe b, tu l chui..l nhng cht liu v vt dng c s dng trong Resort.

Khu resort Bungari Bali

c thit k theo phong cch Milan bi kin trc s Antonio Cittero cng cc ng nghip,
resort Bungari Bali l s kt hp tinh t gia nhng sc thi m cht Italy vi phong cch
truyn thng ca ngi Bali bn a. Thm vo , v tr a l c a cng gip cho khch sn
c thm nhiu gc nhn c sc. T nh ca vch cao hn 150m, khch sn c th thu gn
tt c nhng cnh sc tuyt vi nht ca n Dng vo trong tm quan st ca mnh.
Khu resort Bungari Bali

c im loi hnh kin trc trong resort

18
 Nhiu Resort thng hng n nhng kin trc c xa a khch v gn vi thin
nhin, trnh xa ci n o ca cuc sng th nh b tr nhng ngi nh c vi mi ngi;
tng gch; ct, ko bng g v c gam mu ti, mang v c knh. Tuy nhin, h thng cc
phng c ca Resort c thit k thnh tng cn h bit lp, to khng gian ring cho
khch. Bn trong phng l nhng thit b hin i, tin nghi.

V vy, khi thit k xy dng Resort, yu cu gi li ti a cy xanh. Thm ch, vic xy dng
cn phi la theo a hnh, khng c tn ph thin nhin m phi ho vo thin
nhin.Thit k Resort phi to ra mt khng gian ngi sng trong c th gin ti
a. V vy, ci m ngi thit k v l khong trng, to nn khng ch cng trnh kin
trc m c khng gian cn li bn ngoi cng trnh .

2.2.3. Resort trong vng ni (mountain resort)

Qu trnh hnh thnh v pht trin

Da theo c im kin trc.vo v tr a l, vo cnh quan, n gn cht vi cnh quan t

nhin.n lun i km vi cc dch v nh leo ni ,cp treo,trt tuyt

Castle Mountain Resort Kirkwood Mountain Resort

c im chc nng

Do nhu cu ca con ngi mi ngy 1 tng. hnh thc kin trc l mt thu ht du khch..c c
im t nhin v cnh quan p

19
 Jebel Al Jais Mountain Resort

c im loi hnh kin trc trong resort

Khch sn c hnh thc kin trc nh nhng, a dng, tn trng cnh quan tnhin xung quanh.
Cng trnh lun c xu hng gn cht vi a hnh tnhin, ph hp vi kh hu t c s
ha nhp vi thin nhin.

B cc tng th ca khu ngh dng khng nn tp trung nh cc resort trung tm m nn tri

rng tn hng cnh quan v kh hu c trng, to ra nhiu gc nhn m a dng.

Cc khu dch v n ung c b tr nhng v tr cnh quan p.

S dng vt liu v mu sc c trung.ph hp vi cnh quan.ko tch n ra khi ci tng th

ca min ni.khng lm thay i cnh quan khu vc.
Du khch n ch yu l ngh dng v tm hiu li sng ca c dn vng ni,thng thc
nhng mn n dc trng vng ni

20
Hnh thc kin trc n gin - Thng l vt liu ia phng

H khung v tng bng g. Kt cu mi nhiu lp bng tranh gip tn nhit tt. Chi ph li
thp.

Tuy nhin vn m bo y tin dng cho khch nh my lnh, l si,t lnh

Ty vng min, ty vo c trng ca cc n tc vng min nhng a s kin trc rt n gin,

ha nhp vi t nhin.

2.2.4. Resort trong nng thn (rural resort and country resort)

Qu trnh hnh thnh v pht trin

Kiu resort ny vi quy m nh,tp trung cc vng ng bng,nng thn c iu kin t nhin
tt,thch hp dng bnhm bo mt khng gian thoi mi ring t v rt tin nghi. Bao
gm nhiu chng trnh gii tr , nhiu khu ngh mt ,tham quan cc vn tri cy, nng
trikiu resort ny gip cho khch c th tm hiu v chia s nhng nt vn ha ca a
phng.

Kin trc v cnh quan tiu biu cho loi hnh Resort nng thn.
21
 c im chc nng

Hnh thnh t nhng vng c iu kin t nhin tt . Mi trng t nhin vn cn hoang s.vn
gi c nt p ring ca n.cc nt vn ha lch s ca ngi n vn cn gi nguyn,v
p ng nhng yu cu v v tr thun l,v giao thng

Shaam-e-Sarhad-A Resort Rain Country Resorts

c im loi hnh kin trc trong resort

Thng l cc cn h village ring l c sn vn rng ri.khng kh trong lnh. Dng cho

khch ngh dng ngn hn hoc di hn

22
C khu sinh hot ngoi tri vi cc thit b vui chi gii tr dnh cho cc du khch t tr em,
thanh nin n ngi gi, phc v cc hot ng sinh hot vui chi nh cm tri, cu c, n
ung ngoi tri, d ngoi thm quan rng

Kin trc thng l nhng cn h ring l hiu bit th nh.

Kin trc hin i hn.m bo y tin nghi.p ng hu nh y cc nh cu v ngh

dng.

S dng cc vt liu thin

nhin.gn gi vi con
ngi.c c nh loi g
,tre ln cc nh loi khung
thp , knhty vo nhu
cu.hnh thc phong ph
do khch la chn.

Ni chung kin trc resort

nay khng nh hng
nhiu n mi trng t
nhin xung quan.kin trc
ca n mang tnh d
gn.xin sn tin
nghi.khng cn phi theo
quy lut no vn c
ca t nhin..

2.3. Phn loi theo quan im

PHN LOI RESORT THEO MC QUY M V C CU TIN CH, DCH V KHC NHAU

23
 PHN LOAI RESORT THEO MC
QUY M V C CU TIN CH,
DCH V KHC NHAU

KHU NGH KHU NGH KHU NGH

DNG PHC DNG KHP DNG TIN
HP KN LI
CC KHU GOLF TENIS
NGH DNG
KHP KN BN DU
THUYN KHCH SN NH
TRT VI MT HOC
TRUNG TM BI BIN HAI TIN CH
TUYT
HI NGH & KHC
CC TIN CH SPA
SNG BC
KHC

CNG VIN
CH

DU LCH
SINH THI

GIO DC
HI NGH

2.3.1. Khu ngh dng phc hp (Market Resort).

Khu Ngh Dng Phc Hp c th ni l mt thnh ph c mi quan h cng sinh vi mt hay

nhiu a danh gn n, bao gm rt nhiu khch sn, nh hng, khu vui chi gii tr, tiu
khin, cc ca hng bn l, khch sn hi ngh v cc tin nghi khc hng ti nhng tin ch
v dch v chnh yu v ni ting ca a phng .

24
 KHU NGHI
DNG PHC
HP

TRUNG TM HI
KHU NHI DNG
NGH V CAC
KHEP KIN
TIN ICH KHAC

Waikiki Hawaii; Cancun Mexico; Surfers Paradise Australia; v Miami Florida l nhng
Resort Phc Hp m cn nguyn chng c quy hoch quanh nhng bi bin p.

Waikiki, Hawaii bao gm nhiu khch sn: Sheraton Waikiki, Hyatt Regency Waikiki,

Hilton Hawaiian Village,

C khuynh hng pht trin mnh hn nhng Khu Ngh Dng Khp Kn v s lng du khch
lu tr li cao hn du khch vng lai.

25
 V bi bin p l
cn nguyn chng
c quy hoch
quanh

Cancun, Mexico.

Cn Las Vegas, Nevada v Atlantic City, New Jersey l nhng Resort Phc Hp m nhng
tin ch v dch v gii tr ca chng chnh l nhng sng bc.

2.3.2. Khu ngh dng khp kn (Destination Resort)

KHU DU LCH NGH MT (Vacation Resort)

L h thng dch v an xen mt cch sng to gia cc loi hnh Resort chnh, nhng mn th
thao mi v nhng cng ngh tin tin c a vo du khch c th tn hng nhng
im hp dn v cc tin ch chnh ti khu vc .

KHU DU LCH NGH

MT
(Vacation Resort)

KHU DU LCH CHUYN

KHCH SN HI NGH
NGNH

KHU DU LCH CHUYN NGNH

Chng hn nh Khu Du Lch Ma ng thm vo cc hnh thc vui chi gii tr sng ng
thu ht du khch.

26
 Vail, Beaver Creek, Colorado, Hoa
K.

Du khch s dng nhng thang my trt tuyt thay th trong nhng thng ma h, tuyt t.

Sn golf v sn qun vt cng c b sung thm, v chng ta c Golf Resort, v Tennis

Resort . Sau , cc ch u t cng cho xy dng thm vo cc khu mua sm phc hp
vi cc chung c cao tng, cc nh hng v cc trung tm ngh thut.

Marriott Doral Golf Spa v Resort, Hoa K.

KHCH SN HI NGH

Thng rt ln v chuyn nghip trong vic cung cp cc phng hi ngh, cc dch v cho vic
hi hp, mt s phng trin lm v khng gian trng by, nh hng, c s chm sc y t,
phng tp th dc v c cc ca hng bn l.

27
 Western Vega Convention Center,
Moscow, Nga.

Venetian Casino Resort, Macau,

China.
H thng cng ngh thng tin tin
tin c cp nht lin tc l iu
bt buc cho vic qun l ca
khch sn, cng nh cho nhu cu
s dng ca khch.

SNG BC (CASINO)

Cc c im ca mt Sng Bc thng ph hp vi mt Khu Ngh Dng Khp Kn, v bao

gm rt nhiu tin ch: nh hng c sn, spa chm sc sc kho v thm nhng dch v hin
i, thm ch l mt sn golf 18 l hoc hai sn (nu t c din tch ln), cng nh phng chi
game truyn thng, nh hng v ch

Loi Khu ngh mt ny nhanh chng c m rng v ph bin khp th gii, c bit l cc
quc gia km pht trin bi v n mang li tim nng ln v li nhun.

2.3.3. Khu ngh dng tin li Puerta America Boutique Hotel, Madrid, Ty Ban Nha.

28
L cc khch sn trong cc thnh ph c ci tin c thm spa v casino na, trong khi
im mnh ca chng li gn gi cm rp ht, khu mua sm, ta nh di tch lch s v cng
trnh kho c .

Thng thng, mt Khu Ngh Dng Tin Li th nh, vi ch mt hoc hai tin ch v dch v
ngh dng chnh yu.

3. C IM CA RESORT

3.1. T CHC MT BNG TNG TH

3.1.2. Phn khu chc nng

Bt c cng trnh no cng pht trin da trn dy chuyn cng nng, resort cng khng
ngoi l. Nhng cn nhc lin h n tin trnh hot ng, phc v, v pht trin trong tng
lai u c th hin trong tng mt bng ca resort.

Mi lin h cng nng trong mt resort tng i ng gin. ng di gc ca khch du

lch, sau khi tip cn vo li chnh qua bi gi xe, ri n snh chnh. T snh chnh ny
thng c lin h trc tip hoc gn gi vi cc khi chc nng cng cng (cn gi l khu
ng) nh l nh hng, h bi, khch sn, bar. Ni y l khu vc sinh hot v vui chi du
khch, mc d resort c xy dng vi mt rt thp nhng nhng nh hng ca ting
n ca khu vc ny cng ng quan tm khi t khi ng (vn l khu vc tnh) v tr c lin
h nht nh vi snh nhng ng thi cng trnh xa khu cng cng. Tuy nhin, trng hp
c bit l cc khu tp Yoga, Thin v Spa l cc hot ng cng cng nhng li mang tnh
tnh. Nh vy, hng mc chc nng ny nn c cn nhc b tr kho lo theo ty trng
hp c th c th m bo v mt lin h giao thng v cch ly ting n. Khu vc k thut
ph tr thng c b tr xen k gia cc khu chc nng v khng chim qu nhiu din
tch v cn c dng phn tn v phi m bo bn knh phc v cho ton khu. Hng mc cn
li khi hnh chnh qun l th hu nh t tng i c lp v c lin h vi snh.

29
 Nhng nguyn tc c bn v phn khu nu trn s c bin i v pht trin linh hot khi
c p dng vo bi cnh xy dng c th. Khi , nhng yu t v khai thc cnh quan v
nh hng v kiu khng gian resort s c quyt nh v thit k vo chi tit.

S cc khng gian chc nng

Dy chuyn cng nng

30
PHN KHU CHC NNG CA MT S RESORT

Phn khu chc nng Resort Six Senses Cn o

Khi bt u mt d n Resort. Da vo nhng c s d liu thit k c sn v din tch khu

t, hng khai thc cnh quan, hng tip cn cng vi cc hng mc, quy m chc nng,
ta c th a ra nhng phc tho u tin v t chc cng nng tng ng.

Hnh bn di l mt phng n tng mt bng ca resort Six sense Cn o. D liu ban

u cho thy cng trnh ta lc c mt bi bin tri di v c a hnh thoi. Cng vi
ng l tip cn pha chnh ng Bc.

h trc tip vi nhau v vi bi tm. Cc nh ph tr v hnh chnh i km phc v

nhng t khu vc khut hn. c bit i vi Spa, l khi nm pha Ty l hng mc
duy nht cn c tch ring cho tnh cht lnh lng ca khng gian.

Mt cch t nhin, vi quy m cc bungalow v villa nh sn c tri di trn b bin

tn dng ht cnh quan. Snh gn ngay vi khi cng cng c chn khong t gn
ng l thun tin tip cn v nhng khong khng gian tnh xa cho khi ng.

Khi cng cng chnh vi cc hot ng no nhit bao gm h bi, nh hng, bar c lin
Phn khu chc nng ca Alila Villas Resort Bali _ Indonesia

Phn khu chc nng ca Resort Lagoi Bintan

31
 Phn khu chc nng Resort Six Senses Cn o

Phn khu chc nng The Luxury Caribbean Resort, Viceroy Anguilla

32
 Phn khu chc nng Resort Golf Asian Sand

Acient Sand Golf Resort

Tuy nhin, i vi cc dng resort c quy m ln v phn tn trn mt din rng nh resort

33
 Golf Asian Sand nh trn. D n ny bao gm hng trm villa ri rc quanh gn golf 18 l v
h thng h o cnh quan v cng ln. t mt khu cng cng v phc v trung tm duy
nht l iu khng th. Thay vo l mt khu chnh ni vi li vo chnh v cc khi ph
nh hn cho cc tiu khu. Cn c s tnh ton hp l v bn knh, c ly, v giao thng lin h
ni khu hp l v mt tri nghim dn dt khch tham quan v c v dy chuyn phc v.

Mt khc, mt s resort c bit li c thm khi chc nng cho nhn vin phc v.
iu ny c thng xy ra khi resort c xy dng mt ni qu xa ngun nhn lc a
phng. V vy cn phi t chc mt khi nh vi tin nghi va cho cc nhn vin cc
khu vc ln cn n sinh hot, lu tr trong tun lm vic, hoc lu hn. Hoc cc nhn vin
cp cao nh qun l, u bp chuyn nghip c c n hot ng c nh lu di
resort. i tng ny c t chc khu vc tiu chun cao hn.
3.1.2. T chc giao thng

C IM

nh hng mch lc, r rng, n gin, trnh phc tp gy kh khn khi i li.

m bo phc v tt cho vic i li nhanh chng, an ton v thun tin.

Cn ph hp vi cnh quan, a hnh, c im t nhin, kh hu ca a im .

Cc loi hnh giao thng c trong Resort:

- ng b:

+ ng t xe my : cc phng tin vn chuyn khch du lch n Resort, xe rc, xe vn

chuyn hng ha , xe cu thng, cu ha vv, thng c tip cn ng c gii bn
ngoi hay xung quanh resort

+ ng i b- xe p : Tuyn ng giao thng chnh trong resort, c qui hoch v thit k

cnh quan phc v khch n resort

+ ng thy : L li tip cn ca du khch i bng tu thuyn,v l ni p ng cc dch v vui

chi trn bin, h ca du khch

34
+ ng hng khng : Phc v di chuyn n cc Resort o xa hay ni him tr, cc resort
c quy m ln, cao cp.

+ ng cp : Phc v di chuyn cc resort o gn vi t lin, hay cc resort i ni cao

tng i.Loi hnh ny c s dng ph bin

T CHC GIAO THNG TIP CN CHNH

L trc ng chnh ni gia resort vi h thng giao thng th v lin h vng.

L ni tip gip cc nt giao thng chnh hoc trm n ca cc phng tin di chuyn.

Cc thnh phn thng thy trong li vo chnh

o Bi phng tin di chuyn

o Cng cho

o Biu tng

o Cy xanh

o Tiu cnh h nc

o Hin n

ch n l u mi giao thng quan trng phc v nhu cu ca khch, thng l snh chnh
khch sn, nh hng.

Cc hnh thc tip cn :

Bng ng xe c gii

Bng ng thy

Li tip cn chung cho c xe c gii v ng thy

T CHC GIAO THNG TIP CN PH:

Tip cn vi khu chc nng ph ca cng trnh.

35
 Nhm phc v cho lu thng hng ha, loi b rc thi

c t v tr pha sau cng trnh v cc u mi giao thng phc v ni b.

Cc thnh phn thng thy trong li vo chnh

YU CU THIT K

- Cn nghin cu gii quyt vic dn hng i li mt cch r rng.

- D dng nhn thy giao thng chnh, tha mn nhu cu thm m cao

- Thu ht tm nhn bng hin n hoc nhn mnh cng chnh

- Li tip cn thun tin cho ngi i b v phng tin c gii

- Chiu rng cho giao thng ngi i b t 3.5 n 4.5m

- Li tip cn vo cng chnh mt chiu c lu thng vng xoay

- Chiu rng ng giao thng vo pha trc cng chnh cn c tng bng t nht 2 ln xe

- Lp t cc bin bo hiu v thit b chiu sng

Cn ch n:

Lun di chuyn ngc chiu ca giao thng v s kh khn khi bng qua ng

Cc quy nh v giao thng tip cn t giao thng khu vc v cc quy chun nh ch gii xy
dng, khong cch t nt giao thng, tm nhn yu cu cn c,...

BI XE

C 2 v tr ch yu

+ u vo ca li vo chnh

+ Gn vi u mi giao thng trong cng trnh (snh chnh hoc snh ph ca cng trnh khch
sn, nh hng).

Do din tch resort rng ri nn thng c b tr trn mt t

C ngi trng coi v dt xe vo ch thay khch

Thng cch ly vi cc khu vc khc bng hng ro cy xe, nhm tng thm m v to
khong khng chng chy

Ngoi ra, bt buc phi c khu vc xe ch, taxi, trnh ln chin cc tuyn ng xe
chy

36
 Cung cp khu vc ch v xe but (phc v khch hi ngh v du lch, trung chuyn t
cng, sn bay, a n nhn vin)

Gim thiu li vo v li ra gim s chng cho giao thng

Hoc kt ni vi cng trnh bng tuyn i b

MI LIN H

T CHC GIAO THNG NI B

Dng tuyn

Dng tuyn vi u im d qun l, hnh thc n gin, giao thng bao gm 1 trc chnh ni lin
vi trung tm i n cc bungalow dc theo v tr khu t.

Khuyt im : ng i tng i di, cn lu trong vic t chc thot ngi khi gp s c.

37
 Dng cm

To thnh khng gian kt ni cng ng, trc ng ni b dn n 1 sn trong hoc bao quanh
cm bungalow.

Khuyt im: tnh ring t thp

38
 Dng hn hp

a dng khng gian, tch bit cht lng mi khu , quy m tng i ln .

39
 V TR

GIAO THNG VNG LAI

Tip cn trc tip khu trung tm, dch v.

H thng phng tin giao thng phc v

tham quan du lch cn b tr d s dng

Cch ly vi cc khu khc ( n cao )

GIAO THNG PHC V

Kt ni t khu trung tm, dch v n cc

khu khc

Tip cn trc tip cc khu , thun tin

phc v

RESORT MERCURE ( LO CAI)

40
Do a hnh ni, phn tng, nn khi b
tr phn tn, nhiu lp tn dng c
tm nhn

Giao thng phc tp, tng nhm nh lin

h vi trc giao thng chnh bng cc tuyn
giao thng ph.

Khi tip n, hnh chnh, dch v cng

cng,,,, b tr tp trung

U iM

Mt bng sinh ng, tn dng c a

hnh khai thc tm nhn

Cc khu chc nng b tr tp trung thun

li cho dy chuyn cng nng.

NHC iM

Giao thng phc tp, kh di chuyn gia

khu vi cc khu chc nng khc.

RESORT SIX SENSE ( CN O)

Nm v tr st bin, khu c b tr tri di theo b bin khai thc tm nhn ra bin

Khu bm theo trc giao thng chnh, lin h vi cm cc khu chc nng

Cc khu chc nng c b tr tp trung

U iM

Giao thng n gin, d di chuyn

Mt bng tri di bm theo b bin tn dng tm nhn cho khu

NHC iM

Mt bng tri di khng sinh ng

Khong cch gia hai u resort xa

Dy nh pha sau b chn tm nhn ra bin

41
RESORT SARATOGA SPRINGS (M)

Nm ti v tr h saratoga

Cc dy nh b tr dn tri,dc theo ven h, hng tm nhn ra h

Hnh thnh trc giaO thng bc quanh h

42
u im :

Giao thng khp kn

Mt bng sinh ng

Nhc im :

Giao thng ph nhiu ,cc khu nh xa kh tip cn vi cc khi chc nng khc .

3.1.3. Hnh thc kin trc

Khu n tip

Cc du hiu v biu tng l mt thnh phn quan trng khi thit k mt li vo. N gip ngi
ta xc nh c cc tnh cht cn bn ca mt Resort (hay khch sn). Cc du hiu cn ng
vai tr ch dn khch n nhng khu vc thnh phn. ng thi, cc thit k v mt ha phi
ni ln c c trng trong thit k, to ra v cng c nhn thc ca khch hng cng nh
s tin tng vo khu Resort .
Cc thit k ca nhng du hiu v biu tng phi ph hp trong ton b khch sn v phi
hp hi ha vi thit k ni tht.

43
Li vo chnh phi d thy v thu ht. Khong sn trc cn c li i b, c ch khch xung
xe, qua ng m khng nguy him.C im ch xe but v ch hnh l cho nhng nhm
khch ng ngi.

V tr

Tu theo a hnh m s c nhng gii php ph hp .

Khu vc n tip c b tr tip cn m c th d dng quan st vi khu sn golf

44
 Khu n tip mnh chnh l khu vc
cng bin v ng b bin di

Alila Villas Soori, Bali Khi n tip c t v tr trung tm

45
 The Luxury Caribbean Resort, Viceroy Anguilla

c im:

Tn dng ti a c im
a hnh

L khu vc trung tm kt
ni cc khu vc cn li

L khu vc biu tng

chnh

46
 Li vo chnh, Snh n

Mang li n tng u tin cho khch.

Li vo phi c xc nh r rng v mang li mt ci nhn tt nht cho ni tht bn

trong .

S xut hin ca li vo chnh v cch thc tip cn l cc k quan trng v iu ny c xu

hng tiu biu cho khu ngh dng. Mang li n tng u tin cho khch n.
Li vo phi c xc nh r rng v mang li mt ci nhn tt nht cho ni tht bn trong.

47
Ca ra vo phi p ng nhng yu cu chc nng cn bn ca n ngoi vic mang n mt
din mo tt, l vic m bo lu thng v s dng lin tc.

Cc la chn:

Ca xoay: vi ca ra v vo xoay trn mt trc cho php s dng c 2 bn ng thi lu

thng ngi v hnh l

Ca cnh vi l n hoc i: c th s dng bng tay hoc t ng.

Ca trt: t ng hot ng v c th s dng nh ca cnh trong trng hp khn cp.

Cc kiu ca-khng-quay phi c khng gian rng t nht mt ngi mang hai hnh l hai
bn, hoc xe y c th i qua.

Thay i cao
Mt li vo cao lun gy n tng hn v quy m v tnh sang trng, nhng ng thi bc ny
cng l nguy c gy tai nn v tng kh khn trong vic tip cn i vi hnh l, ngi tn tt v
ngi gi.

Ni chung, thit k cnh quan to nn s cn bng ca cc khu vc t nhin v cc khu vc

c xy dng, c th y l nhng thnh phn c p lt v cc thnh phn khc nh i
phun nc, tng iu khc, h bi... Nhng cy ln thng c ngi ta gi li v s dng
trong thit k ca mt khu resort.

48
Snh n : thng thng l ni tp trung cc hot ng ca khch sn, cho php t di
chuyn n tt c hoc hu ht cc cng trnh tin ch cng cng cng nh khu nh ngh. Ngoi
ra snh n cn l ni tp trung nhng lu thng chnh ca ton khu, a im tp trung, v l
khu vc ch.

Din tch ca snh n ph thuc vo quy m ca khu Resort, c th tnh c qua vic c
lng s lng khch n. Thng thng th n lin quan n s lng phng ca ton khu.

Snh n - Tahiti Resort

Thit k

ng vai tr l mt im chnh ca li vo v l khng gian to nn n tng u i vi khch,

thit k ca mt snh n ng vai tr quan trng trong vic nh hnh nn phong cch v c
trng ca khu Resort i vi khch.

Vt liu

Khu vc snh n v hnh lang l nhng khu vc c s dng vi tn sut cao nht trong
ton khu resort, ng thi cng l ni thng xuyn c b tr v tn trang. Vic s dng cc
vt liu bn l cn thit trong nhng v tr chu tc ng cao do lu thng. Mt lp lt nh v
nhng vt dng ni tht d thay th c t nhng v tr ny to nn s cn bng vi
tng th thit k, gp phn gim ting n v to nt ring ca tng khu vc. Thit k v la chn

49
vt liu phi thng nht vi phong cch chung v ni ln s tinh t ca ton khu, ph hp vi kh
hu v mi trng a phng.

Ngoi ra cn cn ch n mc bn ca cc vt liu, v kh nng chu la.

MI LIN H

Khu vc n tip vi vai tr tip nhn v iu phi khch nn thng thng c thit k t
v tr trung tm ca ton khu Resort, hot t nht cng phi mt v tr thun li nht trong iu
tit giao thng.

Khu nh hng

50
 V TR

Thng c v tr tip cn mt ng,li

vo chnh.

C li tip cn cho ngi tn tt (c th

li vo cho xe ln hoc ngi phc v
ring, nhn vin ca khch sn)

Chn v tr thun li, thong mt, yn

tnh, hng nhn tt.

thun tin cho khch trong v ngoi

khch sn, c nhiu phng n, phi b
tr gn khu vc bp v son.

51
Khu vc nh hng tn dng c cnh quan khu vc dc a hnh, ng b bin di.

C kin trc m lin h vi cc khu vc cnh quan thin nhin

C IM

y l khu vc trung tm ca nh hng.

Chim din tch kh ln,phc v s lng ngi ng,thng xuyn.

Th hin b mt ca Resort.

Thu ht khch hng nh s nhn nhp sang trng.

i hi khng gian linh hot.

Kt hp vi quy bar v cafe to thnh mt khu vc ring.

Phc v cho c khch bn ngoi.

MI LIN H

52
 Khu chm sc sc khe spa

Khu Spa_ health ch yu phc v cho khu ; nm bn trong, tip cn khu

Spa c s phc hp thay i gia khu vc t v kh to s thu ht.

Giao thng trong mt bng spa c thit k ph hp c cho ngi khuyt tt v lun s dng
c cho mi thi tit.

Cc spa ni chung u c nhiu phng khch rng, b tm ln v phng thay . Mt s hoc

hu ht cc phng tm u trang b y t vi hoa sen, b sc, bn ra tay kp, bung tm
v v sinh.

53
Spa Six senses nm su v bit lp; do l resort bin nn khu ko di theo b bin m i
tng phc v ca Spa y l khu nn n nm st khu , kh su so vi khu n tip

Khu gii tr dch v

H bi

Cu lc b

Sn th thao

Cc dch v gii tr khc...

Ty vo iu kin t nhin ca tng resort m c cc dch v gii tr khc nh cho thuyn, ua

thuyn bum, cu c, i b, leo ni, i xe p a hnh, chi golf, lt vn Xu hng du lch
sinh thi hoc du lch vn ha cn c nhng m hnh cho du khch tri nghim cuc sng gn
gi vi thin nhin v con ngi a phng nh trng cc loi cy bn a ni ting, lm gm,
v tranh trn vt liu , g,

54
Do a hnh i ni kh tip cn, ch yu phc v khch , cnh quan xung quanh nn khu dch
v nm v tr trung tm, tip cn trc tip vi khu .

55
Do a hnh b bin tri di to cnh quan cho khu , ng thi thun li tip cn giao thng
ngoi khu dch v c a ra ngoi

H BI

H bi chnh (main pool): l h bi ln dnh cho tt c khch ngh dng trong resort. V
tr t trung tm, tip cn d dng vi khi ng v khi dch v, c tm nhn rng v
p.

H bi ring: thng thy trong cc dng resort m khi ng xy theo tng bungalow
hoc villa. Nhng h bi ny c din tch nh, tch bit, mang tnh ring t, ch phc v
cho khch ngh dng trong mi bungalow v villa. C th t v tr m ra view nhn p
nhng vn mang tnh ring t cao.

Khu ngh dng

C IM

L khi chc nng quan trng trong resort, phc v nhu cu ngh dng, gii tr, tham quan du
lch ca khch hng.

56
Khu ngh dng l 1 qun th cc khi khch sn, bit th, bungalow xy dng ni c cnh
quan, a hnh, hng nhn p nht trong khu t nhm p ng tt nht nhu cu th gin,
hng th ca khch.

Mt bng tng th - Resort Six Senses Cn o

Khi ngh dng chim phn ln din tch ca khu resort. c xy dng v tr c a hnh,
hng nhn p, yn tnh, tn hng c nng gi t nhin. Thng thng khng t qu gn
li giao thng tip cn chnh snh chnh trnh n o (nu xa snh hay cc khu chc nng
khc s c xe in a rc).

MI LIN H

Khi ngh dng thng t gn nhng khi phc v nh Health Spa, Nh hng, khu gii tr,
khu ca nhn vin phc v.

57
nh hng bi cnh quan: Cnh quan, hng, a hnh khc nhau, mc ch tn dng cnh
quan khc nhau cng nh hng ti cch b tr cc khi ngh dng.

Ming-Tang Hot Spring Resort

B tr cc phng standard tn dng mt h trung tm. Khi chnh ny bao gm c nhng khi
dch v

PHN LOI

Standard: Cc khu standard trong Resort thng c xy dng m bo khng nh

hng n cnh quan thin nhin, m thay vo l ha hp vi thin nhin chung v khai thc
ti a hiu qu v tm nhn.

58
Kin trc ca khch sn ph thuc vo phong cch kin trc chung trong resort, nhng nhn
chung dng nt ni tht, vt dng n gin, tinh t, vi nhng gam mu m, nh.

Cc hng phng khc nhau dc thit k ty theo tiu chun t ra.

Bungalow :Trong cc khu resort, bungalow c s dng nhiu v d p dng, kh hiu qu, thi
cng nhanh v thun li, ph hp vi khng gian.

Bungalow thng gn khu n tip trung tm khch c th i b (khong 3-5 pht). Nu xa

hn, khch sn s b tr xe n tn ni (thng dng xe in bo v mi trng v s yn
tnh).

Bungalow trong khu resort ch xy dng mt tng, din tch tu thuc vo loi cho mt, hai khch
hay cho gia nh..., nhng thng thng khng qu 150 m2.

Tin nghi ca bungalow ph thuc vo mc cao cp v vn u t. Mt bungalow trong khu

resort thng phi c ni tip khch hay tin phng, phng ng, toilet, ch , ni lm vic,
phng xng hi...

59
Bungalow cao cp 4-5 sao dnh cho hai ngi, chng hn, cn c phng khch sang trng vi
salon bc da hoc n cao cp, g t nhin, iu ho, cc pha l, n chm phng ng vi
ging rng kingsize, tm nhn p, ring t, phc v n sng ti ging.

c tu thuc vo phong cch trong khu c th rt th mc nhng rt tinh t v th hin s

chau chut v thm m cao.

Mi bungalow c th c 3-5 ngi phc v thng xuyn, cc nhu cu u c p ng

nhanh nht.

Khu hnh chnh,k thut,ph tr

KHI HNH CHNH

Trong cc resort, khi hnh chnh v ph tr thng t gn nhau nhm m bo thun li cho
vic qun l.

Khi hnh chnh thng tch bit vi khu ng v cng cng nhng li tip cn d dng bng
tuyn giao thng phc v.

Khi hnh chnh v cc b phn lin quan gm c:

Vn phng iu hnh ( nm gn khu lm vic ca nhn vin).

Vn phng chuyn mn ( tip cn trc tip vi khi n).

Vn phng qun l nhn s ( tip cn trc tip vi khi n).

Khi hnh chnh thng t gn trc ng chnh v gn khi n tip ( khi c s kin hay
s c xy ra c th gii quyt kp thi).

Khi hnh chnh v ph tr khng cn c view p.

Nu khi hnh chnh v ph tr nm gn khi n tip th thng c tch bit bi cao

(tng).

Lin quan t khi hnh chnh v ph tr:

+ Khi hnh chnh c tip cn trc tip thng qua khi n tip.

+ T khi hnh chnh c th tip cn n cc khu cng cng, k thut ... thng qua giao
thng ni b.

Mt s vn phng trong khi hnh chnh:

60
 + Vn phng iu hnh: gim c, ph gim c, phng hp ...

+ Vn phng chuyn mn: maketing, k thut, mi trng ....

+ Vn phng qun l nhn s: qun l nhn vin nh hng, bung ...

Ngoi ra cn mt s vn phng khc i vi tng loi resort ty theo a hnh ...

Alila Cha am Duangrit Bunnag

Resort Alila Villas Soori Bali

61
 Resort Six Senses Cn o

KHI PH TR - K THUT

Cc tuyn ng dn vo resort chia lm hai phn l li dnh cho khi v li dnh cho ph tr (
li ph ) thun tin cho vic tip cn ca ngi s dng.

Khi ph tr c li hu cn v khu dnh cho nhn vin, cch bit vi khu cng cng v khu ng
khng nh hng n ngi s dng dch v.

Cc vn k thut: in, thng tin, cp v x l nc thi,... cn c ch nhiu nn khu vn

phng chuyn mn c th tip cn d dng.

Nhm kho cha k thut:

+ Gm phng xng sa cha; bi xe in, trm bm; trm in; phng k thut; h
cha nc sinh hot; nc cha chy, h x l nc thi.

+ Cc hng mc ny c th b tr tp trung, gn li giao thng tip cn giao thng vn

chuyn hng ha, thng b tr xa khu ngh dng.

Nhm phng ngh - phc v:

+ Gm phng ngh nhn vin phc v; phng ngh li xe; phng may v, phng git i;
phng thay , tm.

62
 + C li giao thng tip cn nhanh chng khu ngh dng tin phc v khch, v
gn nhng khi dch v (spa, nh hng, khu gii tr)

Khi hnh chnh: l khi vn phng, ni lm vic iu hnh mi cng vic chung ca resort, l
ni tip nhn, x l mi hot ng din ra.

Khi ph tr: nhm b tr cho cc khi ng, cng cng .... v cc khi khc m bo cho
ngi s dng cm thy thoi mi.

3.2. T CHC CNH QUAN TRONG THIT K RESORT

Cnh quan l g ?
Cnh quan ( landscape ) l mt khu vc rng ri c th nhn thy t mt im. nh ngha
ny xt trn kha cnh phm vi, cung cp cho ta mt cch nhn hp l v d hiu (theo
Dictionary.com).
Nhng khi xt theo mt hng tng qut v rng hn v mt a l, vn ha, t nhin
th cnh quan l bao gm tt c cc nt c trng c th nhn thy ca mt khu vc bao
gm: Cc yu t vt l ca a hnh nh ni, i, ngun nc nh sng, h, ao, bin, cc yu
t sng che ph t bao gm c thm thc vt bn a; Cc yu t con ngi bao gm cc
hnh thc s dng t khc nhau, cc ta nh v cc cu trc; Cc yu t tm thi nh nh
sng v iu kin thi tit (theo Wikipedia.org).
Kt hp c hai ngun gc vt l t nhin v lp ph vn ha do s hin din ca con ngi to
ra sau nhiu thin nin k, cnh quan phn nh tng hp cuc sng ca ngi dn a phng

63
v khu vc sng ca h, nhng iu to ln bn sc ca mt a phng hay c mt quc gia.
Cnh quan, c dn v tnh cch ca h hnh thnh nn nt c trng ca mt khu vc m
khng ni no khc c c. y chnh l bc tranh ton cnh v cuc sng ca c dn.
nh quan c vai tr nh th no trong resort?

C nhiu quan im a ra, nhng hu ht u khng nh vai tr khng th thiu ca cnh

quan trong resort, cnh quan gp phn to ra nt ring cho khu resort v thng th h t chc
cnh quan phi ph thuc vo yu t kh hu khu vc v cng nh bn sc vn hoa ca khu
vc, nh vy th cnh quan s mang tnh c sc ring ca khu vc .

Bn sc ring chnh l yu t quan trng, gp phn ln vo s thnh cng ca resort (KTS H

Thiu Tr).

Vic thit k cnh quan cho resort phi gn lin vi iu kin kh hu v bn sc vn ha a

phng (KTS Nguyn Hong Mnh - CEO Mia Design)

VAI TR CA CNH QUAN TRONG RESORT

Cnh quan trong resort c nhng vai tr ch yu sau:

To lp nh dng v b khung cho cc yu t to hnh.

Hnh 1 Hnh 2

Hnh 3 Hnh 4

64
 Hnh 1: Dy ni nhp nh pha sau nh to thnh mt b khung cho vic lm mi cao
thp khc nhau trong khu resort, , n to nn c tnh ng nht, ha trn vi cnh quan xung
quanh.

Hnh 2: Nhng Resort min bin th rt quen thuc vi hnh nh cy da, y chnh
hnh nh thn da cao vt to nn mt b khung cho kin trc ngay di n, l nhng
ngi nh cao vi nhiu gc cnh cho thy r phng v ng.

Hnh 3: Cng trnh kin trc nh ha trn vo cnh quan thin nhin, vi cht liu v hnh
dng cng trnh to nn hiu ng nh cng trnh mc ra khi khi .

Hnh 4: Nhng cng trnh khng qu cao nh nhng khi trng mc ra t dy ni, b
khung chnh l dy ni, cy ci, n nh dng cao tng, cng nh hnh thc cng trnh.

Mc ch ca vic nh dng hay lm b khung ca cnh quan l nhm n s ng

nht, s ha hp vi cnh quan thin nhin ca nhng cng trnh trong resort.

- To nn mt mi trng va gn gi vi thin nhin,va sang trng bi tin nghi.

Con Dao Sea Resort Penha longa golf resort

Nam Hai Resort Kempinski Seychelles Resort

65
 Nhng khng gian trong resort lun c gng em ti cho ngi s dng cm gic
c gn hn vi thin nhin, nhng cng khng qun i s tin nghi v sang trng ca mt
khu ngh dng.

Nhng ngi bit th thng c lm bng nhng cht liu t nhin nh g, tre,...
em li cho ta cm gic thn thuc, nhng khung ca knh thng c m rng ta c th
cm nhn c thin nhin nh lan ta vo bn trong cn nh. l iu ta c th thy Con
Dao Sea resort.Nhng khng gian n ung ( nh Penha longa golf resort), nhng khng gian
ngh ngi, th gin (nh Nam Hai Resort),... thng c m khng gian ht mc c th
n nhn s thm mt ca t nhin, a con ngi n gn hn vi thin nhin, to cho
ngi ta cm gic th thi, khng b g b.

B tr cy xanh hp l xung quanh cng trnh cng l mt cch thc to cnh quan kh ph bin,
trn hnh Kempinski Seychelles Resort ta thy nh cng trnh ang nm trong mt khu rng tht
s v phn no tn vinh ln c ci p ca cng trnh.

- To khng gian chuyn tip gia cc khng gian.

Resort Walt Disney ca tp on Four Seasons

66
 Baobab Resort

Vic bin chuyn gia cc khng gian trong resort cng rt quan trng, cnh quan nh l mt
vt m to nn iu ny. Resort Walt Disney ca tp on Four Seasons v Baobab
Resort u th hin iu ny, vi din tch cnh quan rng ln, v dng nh cnh quan c
s bin chuyn lin tc, t h nc n cy xanh, t nhng tiu cnh nh nh vn, nhng
cy cu nh,... Nhng iu ny to nn s thay i v cnh quan, v cm nhn ca con
ngi s dng n qua tng khng gian khc nhau, l mt s thnh cng ln, n to cho
ngi ta cm gic mi m, khng b nhm chn trong cng chnh mt khu vn khi ng
nhng gc khc nhau, nhng gc nhn khc nhau.

Vinpearl Resort

( Cnh quan cy xanh lm khng gian chuyn tip cho khng gian ca khi cng trnh khch
sn v khng gian ng ngi quanh h bn ngoi.)

PHN LOI V S TC NG CA CC THNH PHN CNH QUAN

Gm 2 thnh phn: Cnh quan t nhin v cnh quan nhn to.

S tc ng ca cc thnh phn:

Cnh quan t nhin v nhn to c mi quan h tng h.

Cnh quan nhn to thun theo quy lut t nhin, khng khc bit, ln lt, v hy hoi cnh
quan t nhin.

To khng gian trng trong resort.

67
Cc cng trnh v cy xanh t nhin nh qun ly nhau, khng c s tch bit r nt

T nhin v con ngi lun lun c mi quan h tng h, chng ta sng trong mt mi
trng t nhin tt, sc khe chng ta s tt v d nhin c mt mi trng t nhin tt
chng ta phi bit cch chm sc v xy dng, bo dng n. iu cng khng ngoi l vi
cnh quan, chng ta khng th no sut ngy ngm mt cnh quan qu t nhin n ni cm
gic ta thy mnh c n trong n, cng khng th ngm mt khung cnh nhn to mi, chng
h tr nhau, chng t im cho nhau, tng s th v trong s giao kt , lm gim i s nhm
chn.

Con ngi chng ta ang c gng hc hi t nhin bin mi trng sng con ngi ngy
cng thn thin hn vi mi trng, v cnh quan nhn to m con ngi to ra trong resort
cng vy, chng ta lm cnh quan nhn to ha trn vi t nhin, thm ch l ging nh t
nhin, khng gy cm gic ln t, v c bit khng c hy hoi cnh quan t nhin.

Nhng khong trng trong

resort gip cho khng gian cm gic
m hn, thoi mi hn, cng l
nhng ni c th to nn nhng
im nhn quan trng cho khu resort

Royal Island Resort & Sp

YU CU CN T C TRONG T CHC CNH QUAN

Ph hp vi quy lut b cc thm m.

Thng nht - bin ho

Cn bng n nh

T l t xch

Ph hp vi quy lut th cm th gic.

68
i chiu lin tng Kempinski Seychelles Resort

Thng nht- bin ha tc l cng trnh, khung cnh trong khu resort phi c s ng nht v
ngn ng, v cht liu,... Nhng khng phi ton b, cng cn phi c s thay i (bin ha)
to im nhn cho cnh quan cng nh khu resort.

Cn bng- n nh l ta thy c s cn bng

gia t nhin v nhn to, gia cc hnh khi
cng trnh,... Khng c s ln lt vt tri v
i km vi n l s n nh v mi trng
sng, n nh v khng gian,...
Kuramathi Resort

T l- t xch, nhn vo Seahorse Resort v

Kuramathi Resort ta thy t l rt nh b, nhn
rt m cng, t xch hon ton hp l vi
con ngi, nhng i khi nhn khng
gian hay to iu khc bit nh mi n ln Kempinski Seychelles Resort tng s sang
trng cng nh hiu ng khng gian n tng.

i chiu- lin tng l cm gic khi chng ta nhn thy mt iu g quen thuc v c nhng
lin tng lin quan, thng l nhng yu t to ra nh nhng c im kh hu hay c
trng bn a to nn, nhng chng ta cng c th ph cch bng cch a nhng c im kh
hu, c trng ca khu vc khc vo khu resort ca chng ta nhng phi ch n mc ch s
dng cng nh kh nng bn vng ca cng trnh, vt liu. ( V d nh khu Kuramathi Resort
s dng mi lm bng l da, cy da l loi cy rt ph bin vng bin nhit i, lm chng
ta lin tng ngay n nhng ngi nh bn a xung quanh, cng nh n cy da.)

3.2.1. a hnh

a hnh l mt yu t a l ht sc quan trng c nh hng n cc yu t thy h th

nhng kh hu sinh vt v c hot ng ca con ngi

Yu t a hnh gi mt v tr tng i quan trng, c tc ng khng nh trong vic la chn a im

xy dng v cc gii php b cc kin trc cng trnh hoc t chc khng gian trong kin trc cnh quan.
Cn c vo cc c im ca a hnh, c th gip cho vic hnh thnh cc tng thit k kin trc cc
cng trnh kin trc c o, c bn sc ring, ph hp a hnh chung quanh, v hnh thc, a hnh c
th chia thnh hai loi ch yu: mp m cao thp v bng phng. v mt bn cht, a hnh c th
chia lm hai loi: t nhin v nhn to.

Ngoi ra,a hnh cn l mt yu t c nh hng rt ln v kh hu ca khu vc, v a hnh cao

thp, bng phng c tc dng cn gi hoc thng gi hay to thnh cc khe ht gi. Mt khc
cc cht liu b mt ca a hnh li c kh nng hp th hay bc x nhit nhiu, t, lm nh
hng khng nh ti nhit ca khu vc.
69
TM QUAN TRNG CA A HNH TRONG THIT K KIN TRC RESORT

Cc resort c to ra nhm phc v nhu cu du lch,

ngh dng ca con ngi, a h thot khi i sng
nng nhc, mt mi ca cng vic v tm li s bnh
yn gia thin nhin. Vic to ra mt cnh quan ha
hp vi thin nhin khng phi l vn n gin v
cn nhn nhn rng cnh quan c vai tr v cng quan
trng trong vic xy dng v pht trin resort. Cnh
quan khng trc tip mang v li nhun cho resort
nhng nu khng c cnh quan p th du khch s
khng n resort. Do thit k cnh quan resort tr
thnh mt trong nhng u tin hng u khi thit k
resort.
thnh cng, mt resort khng nhng phi c s
khc bit v thit k kin trc, cc loi hnh dch v m
cn phi c mt thit k cnh quan hi ha vi thin
nhin nhng vn to c du n ring cho resort.
Trong thit k cnh quan resort, s ha hp thin nhin
vi vn ha bn a l xu hng tt yu.
Mt resort c mt thit k cnh quan tt khi v ch khi
bit tn dng nhng ci c sn ca t nhin dung ha
vi nhng cnh quan nhn to t c v p
thin nhin nht. a dng ha loi hnh cnh quan theo
tng khu vc chc nng trnh s nhm chn v gy
bt ng th v cho du khch. S dng kho lo cc
cng trnh kin trc trong thit k cnh quan resort
va em li s tin dng cho du khch m li khng
lm mt i v t nhin ca resort.
Nm bt cc iu kin t nhin ca a phng gip
cho vic la chn cc phng n thit k cnh quan
resort sao cho d n khi hon thnh d chm sc, khai
thc v s dng hiu qu nht. iu kin kh hu quyt
nh

70
vic s dng cc chng loi cy ng thi cn to nn
s khc bit, cun ht ca cnh quan resort v chi phi
mi hot ng kinh doanh ca resort nh ma v kinh
doanh hay tc ng tch cc ti du khch.
Tn dng cc iu kin t nhin trong thit k cnh quan resort nhm khai thc v vn dng tt
cc ngun lc ca a phng. Mt resort mang bn sc vn ha ca a phng trong thit k
s to c nt ring rt hp dn i vi khch du lch, h c th va ha mnh trong thin
nhin va tri nghim c i sng vn ha ca c dn bn a.
Cnh quan thin nhin bao gm a hnh, phong cnh, cy ci, kh hu, ng thc vty
chnh l nhng ngun lc sn c khi khai thc resort ca mt a phng. Trong thit k cnh
quan resort, i khi cnh quan thin nhin ng vai tr nh mt phng nn, cng c khi li l ch
th chnh to nn cm hng, sc ht ca c cng trnh. Hu nh mi resort u tm cho mnh
nhng li th ring v cnh quan t nhin ngay khi bt u chn mt vng t ti to thin
ng cho du khch.

Thit k Resort khu vc c a hnh bng phng

NH GI CHUNG:

Ti cc ni c b mt phng nh ng bng, bi
bin Tm nhn thong, rng

+ u im : thit k khng b ph thuc vo a

hnh, thun li xy dng cng trnh v giao thng
tip cn, t tn km.

+ Kh khn: Thm ng- thc vt hn ch cn c

s can thip ca con ngi.

GII PHP THIT K:

-Thit k cnh quan nhn to: Thm c,mt nc,khng gian kin trc cnh quan c b cc
v sp xp nh mt bc tranh sng ng v n tng.

-Vic la chn hnh thc v cht liu lp ph b mt s ng mt vai tr quan trng trong t
chc tin nghi v thm m cnh quan.

71
Cnh quan kin trc bao gm li i, cng, cu, tr n, thc nc, bn hoav cc kin trc
nh khc. Nhng thnh phn ny c vai tr lm tng tnh kh dng ca cnh quan, to ra s
chuyn tip ha quyn cc cng trnh kin trc vo cnh quan t nhin ca resort. Nu nh
ni tht mang n s tin nghi v vt cht trong sinh hot th cnh quan kin trc mang li s
thun li cho con ngi trong vic ha quyn vo thin nhin.

- Mt thit k cnh quan resort c gi l thnh cng khi bin mi khung ca tr thnh nhng
khung tranh sng ng, a dng v cnh quan thin nhin. iu ny i hi s tinh t v vn
dng kho lo cc hiu bit v thin nhin, vn ha, ngh thut v phong thy. Bn cnh yu
t bt ng trong thit k cnh quan resort cng l cn thit em li s th v , mi m cho du
khch. V cui cng l vic to ra nhng chm ph, nhng nt ring m ch nhn mun to cho
resort ca mnh nhm li n tng khc bit trong lng du khch.

72
Resort vng ng bng

Pilgrimage Village Hue Boutique Resort nm vng qu yn tnh, trong mt khung cnh lng
mc mc, bao quanh bi nhiu cy xanh, vn thanh bnh v gn gi vi cc a im lch s
ni ting ca C Hu

a h nh t nhin rt phong ph: i dc, khe ni, bi , sa mc,.

+ u im : Thm thc vt phong ph,tn dng phong cnh p ca khu vc xy dng, hu

tnh;

D gy tnh c trng cho resort, mang tnh tch bit cao.

+ Kh khn : trong vic pht trin h thng giao thng cho resort mt cch hp l, tn km d
gy tn hi n mi trng xung quanh.

Resort vng i ni:

Gii php thit k : i vi a hnh i ni vic t chc mt bng ch yu theo kiu phn
tn,cc khi cng trnh s trn cc cao khc nhau,c kt ni vi nhau bi cc li bc
thang,nn dc... Tng quan v kin trc l nhng khi cng trnh git cp bm theo a hnh .

73
Kin trc s chen ln vi cnh quan t nhin,v vy hnh thc kin trc phi m bo c tnh
cn bng v hi ha vi t nhin,ch yu l kin trc ly cm hng t kin trc a phng

Gii php thit k ta vo sn ni

Resort Sri Panwa, Phuket, Thai Lan: Nm trn mm pha ng nam ca Phuket. Np mnh
gia mi trng sng t nhin , tt c cc bit th c thit k pha trn hon ton vi
nhng ng nt ca mm .

Gii php x l a hnh bng phng php ct vo sn ni to mt phng xy dng

cng trnh

Brigade Hill Resort, n

Gii php thit k trn nh i

Maya Ubud Resort and Spa, Bali, Indonesia : Khu ngh dng bao gm nhiu bit th trong khu
rng nhit i, c bao quanh bi nhng khu vn vi hng thm hp dn rng 10 mu
Anh (khong 40.468 m2). Khun vin khu ngh dng tri rng trn vng t cao nguyn vi

74
nhng phng ngh v bit th c by tr theo phong cch nhit i v m cht truyn thng
ca t nc Indonesia.

"The Spa at Maya" nm dc theo con sng vi nhng khu iu tr n v i. s vt cht

dnh cho mc ch gii tr gm c 2 b bi, sn qun vt, sn golf, khu yoga, ph ng tp th
hnh. Ngoi ra khch du lch c n c th i b xuyn rng thm lng mc, i du ngon thin
nhin v p xe leo ni.

75
Gii php thit k di thung lng

Emirates Wolgan Valley Resort, Australia: Vt liu xy dng khu ngh mt 6 sao ny ch yu l
vt liu a phng nh , g. Va lm cho cng trnh ha nhp vo thin nhin va khng
lm mt i v sang trng vn c ca mt cng trnh ngh dng. Khu resort c b tr gia
lng thung lng va to cm gic ring t, tch bit vi bn ngoi va c tn dng c cnh
quan tuyt p ca khu vc i ni xung quanh.

76
Gii php p dng cng ngh thi cng v vt liu hin i x l, xy dng resort trong
a hnh c bit

D n khu resort Th gii nc, Thng Hi : D n ny nm huyn Songjiang, gn

Thng Hi c xy dng trn mt m than khai thc l thin trc y, su xung lng t
c trm mt.
Ton b mi mt bng 3500 mt vung c ph mt lp sinh thi c cy phong ph. K
ngay bn di l khng gian s dng chung: nh hng, qun bar, phng tp th dc hin i,
vi y cc tin nghi cao cp 400 phng ngh c b tr dn dn xung y. C mt h
thng b ngm thy cung a dng sinh vt di nc cng vi mt nc rng p ng mi th
chi th thao trn v trong ln nc xanh trong lnh.

Gii php dng k thut hin i khot vo vch ni to khng gian cng nng cho
resort

77
D n Wadi Resort Wadi Rum, Jordan. : The Wadi Rum Desert Lodge l thit k bn vng,
tn dng li th cnh quan thin nhin sa mc xung quanh to mi tng quan trong ngoi.
Nh v khch sn c xy dng trong cc vch , xen ln vo cc li v khe nt t nhin.
Hnh thc kin trc n gin nhm nng cao s lin kt khng gian cnh quan, to kt ni gia
thin nhin v con ngi. Cc h thng che nng, thng gi t nhin, iu ha vi kh hu, cc
tin nghi t dch v cng c tnh ton nhm thit lp mt chun mc mi v cht lng thit
k v tnh bn vng i vi mi trng t nhin.

Bulgari Resort and Spa

Cnh quan thin nhin ni y nh mt thin ng ngh dng, cng vi hnh thc kin trc
ly hnh thc v vt liu bn a to sc ht cho khch du lch ,im mi l cho khu resort

78
+ RESORT TRN CY

Khch hng c tn hng khng gian thong ng, khung cnh lng mn. Phng tm mt ra
xung quanh l mt mu xanh ngt mt ca rng v bin.

c an kt t nhng si my tre,mi l da,c.... an rt chc chn v c hnh dng nh mt

t chim c th ng m c.

79
 Thit k Resort khu vc ven bin, cc vng vnh, sng, sui...

NH GI CHUNG:

Mt nc l mt yu t cnh quan t nhin c

nhng tnh cht c bit nh kh nng phn
chiu, iu ho vi kh hu, trang tr cnh
quanTrong thc t mt nc c th tn ti
di nhiu dng nh: bin, sng, h, ao. Phong
cnh c mt nc thng mang li hiu qu
tch cc trong vic t chc khng gian.Khng
gian c mt nc c cm nhn nh rng
ln, thong ng hn, mu sc v chiu cao
ca khng gian nh c nhn ln, c tc ng
tm l c bit i vi con ngi. Mt nc t
nhin thng c b mt phng v rng, to
iu kin thun li cho vic t chc cc im
nhn theo hng mt nc, do vic t chc
kin trc theo kiu to seluet lun em li hiu
qu tt trong vic nng cao cht lng thm m
ca cnh quan khng gian . Cc cng trnh,
cnh quan kin trc khu vc gn mt nc
thng c yu cu cao v cht lng thm m,
nn vic la chn cc khu vc chc nng v
tr ny nn c cn nhc k, c tnh n cc
yu t thm m ca cnh quan chung quanh.
Trong cc XNCN, mt nc ln thng c
chn lm trung tm b cc ca cc cng trnh
kin trc c yu cu cao v phng din thm
m, ngoi ra cc khu vc khng gian k cn
mt nc cn c th c s dng lm cc
khu vc ngh ngi hoc i do ca cng nhn.

80
i vi cc khng gian c cnh quan n iu,
vic t

chc mt nc cho php lm a dng ho v phong ph thm cnh quan ban u. Ngoi nhng
u im v thm m nu trn, mt nc rng cho php gi, khng kh ly li tc v s trong
sch ban u trc khi vo n khng gian bn trong ca x nghip v cng trnh. C th ni
mt nc l mt yu t sinh thi gp phn khng nh vo vic cn bng tm sinh l cho ngi
lao ng v nh hng ln ti mi trng vi kh hu ca x nghip cng nghip.

GII PHP THIT K:

-Thit k phi tn dng ht cc gc nhn p cho tt c cc khu trong resort .

-Thit k bm theo b bin,h...to khong khng gian cy xanh,mt nc nhn to kt ni vi

cnh quan xung quanh.

-Hnh thc kin trc nh nhng ph hp vi khung cnh t nhin ca bin,ni c nc,ct,gi....

+ Resort 5 sao Evason Hideaway vnh Ninh Vn , ch cch Nha Trang 15 pht i tu. Khch

sn c 54 villa nm bn nhng con ng lt , san h, nhng bi bin p, nc xanh

ct trng v ni non hng v.

81
Trong khi phc v mt lot cc mn quc t v a phng, cc nh hng c thc n c sn
nhit hch. Mn hnh knh m tuyt t nhin ngoi tri c th c iu chnh ty thuc vo
thi tit.The Bar nm bn cnh nh hng lm cho qu trnh chuyn i t ba n ti ngu ban
m mt chuyn lin mch. The Bar m ca cho n khi l khch cui cng. Evason Hideaway
cung cp mt s cc hot ng ngoi tri vi cc thit b cho th thao di nc, ln v tnh cht
ng mn cho bt k ngi khch mun khm ph v tr c o ca khu ngh mt. Vic to ra

82
mt bu khng kh thanh bnh, Six Senses Spa c thit lp gia mt cnh quan bn cnh
mt thc nc nh nhng.

+ Ayada Maldives Resort

Ayada Maldives Resort nm trong qu trnh

ca mt rn san h khng t vt trong rim Nam
ca Gaafu Dhaalu Atoll Maldives pha
Nam. Khu ngh mt ny l 268 dm v pha
nam ca th Nam v l mt ni ngh ngi
hon ho .

Mi bit th nm gia vng bin xanh khng

vt, bt ct trng v thm thc vt hng
thnh. H c trang b tin nghi hin i
nhng vn mang mt cm gic truyn
thng. Cc thit k p ni tht ngoi tht v
phong cch cung cp mt bu khng kh tuyt
vi dnh mt s thi gian tuyt vi. Mi bit
th c trang b vi mt h bi ring.

83
Ph hp vi bi bin ny c lan rng trong khong 137 mt vung v nm ngay trc bi
bin v tn. Hnh lang cho tm nhn tuyt vi v chc chn s cho bn dnh mt khong thi

84
gian tuyt vi vi nhng ngi thn yu ca bn. Cc bit th c trang b vi tt c cc thit
b sang trng v h bi c nhn.

+ Resort di lng i dng

Mt tng thit k v cng c o gip du khch c th nhn ngm y i dng qua cc

lp knh lm bng acrylic.

Khu khch sn s c t su 27 m di mt nc, v c kt ni vi mt t bi hai tr

thang my chnh, thc hin cc chc nng cung cp v vn chuyn khc nhau.

Khu khch sn s bao gm 24 dy phng khc nhau, vi din tch 50 mt vung mi phng v
cng vi l chui nh hng cng quy bar. m bo mt khu t hp cung cp y cc
dch v, bn cnh h thng khch sn tiu chun cn c mt khu mua sm, th vin, spa, cc
phng hi ngh v khn phng ...

a h nh nhn to: thng xy dng di hnh thc o nhn to ven cc vng b bin
hoc trong nhng vnh bin.

+ u im: c th to ra a hnh theo tng thit k, to ra nhng a hnh a dng v

hnh thc c th l biu tng hoc l mang c trng ca 1 vng , 1 quc gia: o hoa
phng, Hi Phng, Vit Nam; Palm Islands ( o c), Dubai,.

+ Kh khn: chi ph cao, s dng cng ngh cao, k thut xy dng phc tp.

85
 Palm Islands ( o c), Dubai

D n o hoa phng, Hi Phng, Vit Nam

The World, Dubai

To cnh quan hon ton nhn to: Resort kh hu nhit i nhn to nc c (Artificial
tropical resort in Germany)

Tropical Islands Resort l mt khu ngh mt nhit i nhn to nm Krausnick, Brandenburg,

nc c cch Berlin khong 60 km v pha nam v c t trong mi vm ln nht th gii.
86
 Khu ngh mt nhn to ny c chiu di 360m, rng 210m, cao 107m, v c dng ln bi
14.000 tn thp. Ton b cnh quan bn trng hon ton nhn to.

a h nh h nh hc: thng xy dng trong th, hoc nhng khu t c quy hoch

+ u im: gn th, giao thng thun tin, khng gp kh khn v mt a hnh.

+ Kh khn: tn chi ph cho vic xy dng cnh quan nhn to.

Mt s resort s dng dng a hnh hnh hc, thit k bi cc KTS.

Thit k Resort khu vcc a hnh, kh hu c bit : sa mc, vng c tuyt,...

SA MC :

Resort c thit k to cm gic nh mt khi khng l gia sa mc. cng trnh c

dng v v mu sc t nhin tng ng vi cnh quan xung quanh, cc kin trc s s
dng hn hp gm chnh loi ct y v xi mng khi xy dng resort Amangiri.

87
 Resort Amangiri sang trng nm gn trong mt thung lng, gia khung cnh sa mc tuyt p
ca hm ni Utah, ni c nh gi l mt trong nhng a im c phong cnh hng v, n
tng nht M.
Amangiri, c ngha l ngn ni thanh bnh, l khu resort ta lc trn din tch khong 243 ha ti
Canyon Point, pha nam bang Utah, M.

Khu ngh dng sang trng vi view tuyt p ny c 34 ph ng, c chia lm 2 dy ring bit
vi y cc trang thit b hin i, b bi, khu Spa....

Tm nhn hng ra sa mc mnh mng t mt cn phng trong resort .

VNG C TUYT:

88
-Khu resort ma ng im n cho nhng ngi am m b mn th thao trt tuyt ma
ng vi nhng ngn ni gn .

-Hnh thc kin trc nh truyn thng vi vt liu g,mi dc...thch ng ph hp vi kh hu

ni y.

3.2.2. Mt nc

Mt nc t nhin
Mt nc t nhin l vic tn dng v ci to cc din tch nc t nhin nh b bin, ao, h,
sng, hay thm ch l sui, c th tn dng lm im nhn hay c trng cho cnh quan khun
vin resort.

89
Vic m cnh trn b mt nc v s cm th chng khi n t tuyn ng ven b, cu cng
nh t thuyn trn cc tuyn bi l rt quan trng. N quyt nh s ph thuc v tr ln nhau v

cc gii php phong cnh ca vnh o v bn o

Thng thng cc n nguyn resort c b cc ven b to thnh mt cm ln hay cc cm

nh vi nhau.

i vi nhng vng thng lu ca cc con sng c dng chy mnh, dc, mt nc thng
c x l to hnh nhm nng cao hiu qu ngh thut v s phong ph trong vic s dng
ngh ngi gii tr.

Ngi ta li dng c im to ra h thng khng gian mt nc kh p vi nhng

m thanh si ni ca ting thc bng vic xy dng cc p trn, hnh thnh cc h cha
nc. Trn c s t chc vng ngh ngi gii tr.

Mt nc t nhin trong resort nh bin, sng h ,ao sui, vv

90
 Nguyn tc t chc cnh quan cho mt nc t nhin ch yu l vic b cc khu t
ven b. Bi v, khng gian mt nc bao la, mi trng trong lnh, mt m rt thch hp cho
cc hot ng vui chi gii tr (nh bi thuyn, cu c bi li, lt sng v cc mn th thao
di nc khc). Nhng hot ng ny khng th khng c cc khu phc v lm cc hot ng
ph tr ve b (nh khi ng, nh thuyn, ch ngi ngh, phi nng v.v..) Hn na mt nc
ln cn l trung tm qun t ca h thng vn cng vin hay cng vin a chc nng hoc t
hp cc cng trnh kin trc.

Trng hp mt nc t nhin l ht nhn b cc mt bng, vic t chc ngh ngi, gii

tr cng nh b cc phong cnh phi gn b cht ch gia mt nc v b. y cy xanh ven
b ng vai tr rt quan trng, va lm phong ph va chia ct khng gian mt nc vi nhng
hnh thi sinh ng nh cy r, thp

Vic m cnh trn b mt nc v s cm th chng khi n t tuyn ng ven b,

cu cng nh t thuyn trn cc tuyn bi l rt quan trng. N quyt nh s ph thuc v tr
ln nhau v cc gii php phong cnh c vnh o v bn o.

Cc trng hp mt nc t nhin l sn ta cho cc qun th kin trc ngh dng.

y mt nc mang tnh cht trang tr v ci thin mi trng l chnh. Qua gng nc,
91
chng ta d dng th cm hnh dng kin trc v c cm gic nh mm mi, b nc thng
c k, c th bng hoc bng b-tng ct thp. Ven b l ng i b dng do chi.
Nguyn tc ny ch c dng cho nhng vng t nm vng h lu khng c l lt.

Ngoi mt t nhin l sng h ra, khu t ven b bin cng c ngha ln trong vic hnh
thnh cnh quan th (Nha Trang, Hn Gai, Cm Ph). l cc cng vin, vn, i l dc
b bin, mt trong nhng thnh phn quan trng nht v mt ngh ngi gii tr cng nh l
nhn t trung gian chuyn tip t khu xy dng ra khng gian bao la ca mt bin.

92
 Mt nc nhn to

B nc trang tr.

Thng lm b cc trung tm trong cc sn trong

ca qun th kin trc, trong cc vn nh. Trong
trng hp ny, mt nc c th dng b cc t
do hay hnh hc cn tu thuc vo b cc chung
ca vn v cng trnh kin trc, cng nh tnh
cht ca cng trnh cn nghim trng hay vui nhn.

B nc ng

B nc ng l mt trong nhng thnh phn b

cc chnh. y gi tr trang tr cc b nc ng
gp phn lm tng gi tr ngh thut ca qun th
kin trc.

B nc ng c tnh cht trang tr cao

nh s sinh ng ca cc tia nc (khi
nc c tung mnh hay to nh nh
khi, nhiu hay t tia, tia xin hay tia
thng ng v.v) hay s gn sng ca
b nc cng nh m thanh a dng do
tia nc pht ra. Chnh v vy b nc
ng thng c dng t im cho
cc qun th kin trc cnh quan, nht
l nhng ch tp trung ng ngi.
ngoi ra cn dng b nc ng lm
mt mi trng nng bc

tng cng gi tr trang tr, c th kt hp mt nc vi cc vt liu trang tr bng , thp,

thu tinh to mu sc gp phn tng cm gic lp lnh ca tia nc, c bit c hiu qu v ban
m.

93
 - Mt s mu i phun nc phun t di ln:

Mt s mu i phun nc phun t di ln:

Trong cc vng chc nng ring bit c th s dng b nc ng lm trung tm b cc.

trong cc trng hp c bit, b nc ng nn c quy m b, hnh dng b t nhin, nc
phun nh, mng

94
B nc tnh

B nc tnh kt hp vi cc yu t to cnh khc (nh non b; cy di nc: sen,

sng).

B nc tnh kt hp vi cc yu t to cnh khc thng lm nhim v trung tm b

cc. thng thc ngh thut non b v th cy di nc, ngi ta thng ng gn. Do
kch thc b khng ln lm, nu b nh th thng c t trn b c cao ngang tm
mt d quan st, trng hp ny, vt liu trang tr cho thnh b c ngha rt ln.

Thnh b kt hp vi nc, ngh thut non b v cy tng gi tr trang tr ca b nc tnh.

B nc tnh thun tu (khng c s kt hp cc yu t khc):B nc tnh thun tu

thng lm nhim v soi bng cc yu t phong cnh l chnh. v th, thnh b thng thp
hoc c khi cng ct vi nn sn. Khi b nc c v tr trc nh, b nc tnh kim lun c
nhim v b cc trung tm ca sn trc. y b nc thng c quy m ln hn b nc
tnh c kt hp vi cc yu t to cnh khc.

95
B bi

B bi cng gp mt phn quan trng trong vic b cc mt bng v trang tr, t im cho khng
gian ca khu ngh dng. B bi c cc hnh k h n gin:

B bi c cc hnh dng phc tp:

B bi kt hp vi cc yu t t nhin:

B bi ng chn tri:

96
Mt nc l mt yu t quan trng ca cc khu ngh dng, n gp phn b cc tng th, trang
tr. Mt nc cn mang li nt c trng, cm gic thoi mi, sng khoi cho ngi s dng.
N l mt phn khng th thiu trong thit k kin trc cnh quan.

3.2.3. Cy Xanh

Cy xanh t nhin: gm cy c sn trong t nhin v cy con ngi trng, khng tri qua cng
on ct ta cnh.

Theo c im kh hu: cy xanh t nhin phn ra thnh nhiu loi thch hp vi tng
vng khc nhau
Vit nam( kh hu nhit i gi ma): rng thng chim u th vng n i v cn nhit
i, rng hn loi l kim v l rng, rng kh cy h Du cc tnh vng cao, rng h Du
a hnh thp rng ngp mn cy c chim u th ven bin chu th sng Cu Long v
sng Hng rng Trm ng bng Nam b v rng hn loi tre na nhiu ni.

vng n i: cc loi cy: nhng loi cy bn xanh pha trn vi cc loi cy thng xanh,
l rng, cy to v cao

Theo cng dng:

Cy xanh t nhin chia lm 4 loi: cy xanh cch li, cy xanh che bng, cy xanh trang tr, cy
xanh ph nn.

Cy xanh cch li:thng l nhng loi cy c tn rm, cao va phi, c trng gia
nhng vng cn ngn cch khi ting n, khi bi, to khong li cho cng trnh.

97
Cy xanh cch li thng c trng nhng khong vin bao quanh khu resort, hoc c
trng trn khong t gn nhng trc giao thng bn ngoi khu to khong ngn cch, khng
gian mt lnh, trong sch cho khu vc bn trong.

Cy xanh che bng: trong b cc cnh quan resort, cy xanh che bng thng c trng gn
nhng

Cy bng mt l nhng cy c thn g ln, l thng xanh hay rng.Chng c chiu cao t 5
50 m, sng lu 30 40 nm.C loi sng hng nghn nm. Cy bng mt c nhiu loi, thng
c chn trng ng ph, khu nh , cng s, trng hc, vn hoaTrong cy bng
mt c th chia ra cc loi: cy bng mt thng, cy bng mt c hoa p, cy n qu, hay cy
c hoa thm.

- Cy bng mt thng: Gm nhng cy thn g ln thuc loi l kim, hoc l rng, thng
xanh hay rng l tr cnh. Nhiu loi cho bng rm tt li c dng p, chng thng c
trng n, trng thnh khm hay tng mng phi hp rt p vi cc cng trnh kin trc nh
thng, lt hoa, i loan tng t, bng, tch

98
 V d: Chui r qut: cy c tn rng, cy cao l hnh ta chic qut. Cy chui r qut l loi
cy thng thy trng cc resort ven bin nhit i.Chui r qut nn trng ni c khun
vin rng.

- Cy bng mt c hoa p: Gm nhng cy thn g ln hay nh, cho bng mt nhng li c

bit c hoa p. Hoa c tc dng trang tr tng cao. Chng thng c trng lm im
cnh, phi hp p vi cc cng trnh kin trc. Cc cy nh mng b tm, vng anh,
phng, lim xt

- Cy bng mt n qu: Gm nhng cy thn g ln hoc nh cho bng mt, ng thi cho
qa. C nhng loi khi qa chn to thnh khi trn tn l c mu sc hay nhng hnh dng
c o v tn ti trong thi gian di rt p nh mum, da, hng xim, kh, nhn, vi
Trong thit k kin trc ngy nay c th kt hp khun vin cy xanh vi nhng vn cy n
tri va to bng mt va thu ht tm nhn.

99
- Cy bng mt c hoa thm: L nhng cy bng mt c hoa thm gy cm gic d chu
nh bi, sa,he, ngc lan, hong lan,

Cy trang tr

Cy trang tr l nhng cy thn g nh mc bi, hay ring l, cy leo gin v cy thn tho.
Chng thng c trng lm cnh trang tr tng thp, trng trong chu trng by trong
nh, trng dn leo. Nhm ny thng gm cc loi:

Tre trc : L nhng cy ch c mt thn chnh, mc n l

hay thnh bi. Cy cao t 1 2 m, n 15 20 m. Loi tre trc
c thn p, ngn un cong mm mi, c bit tre trc mang
m nt sc thi dn tc.

100
- Cau da: gm nhng cy thng c cao t 5 10 m v 15 20 m. Thn ct ng thng
hi ha vi ng nt cng trnh kin trc, tn l thong mm mi nh cau da, c. L nhng
loi mang sc thi kh hu nhit i.

Lu : Mc d tre trc, cau da thuc loi cy cao nhng theo nhiu tc gi th do cy c dng
p nn xp chng vo loi cy trang tr.

- Cy cnh dng p: Gm nhng cy thn g nh mc n hay mc bi. C dng cy, l, hoa

vi mu sc p.Thng trng trang tr tng thp, n c u im trng c lu khng phi
thay thng xuyn nh trng cc cy hoa.

- Cy cnh hoa p: Gm nhng cy thn g nh mc n hay mc bi c hoa. Hoa nhiu mu

sc c th trng n l hay khm, mng hay trong chu.

- Cy leo dn: Gm nhng cy leo c thn l, hoa p c tc dng trang tr v to bng rm.
Tu thuc cng trnh kin trc m chn loi thch hp, to bng rm, che tng, trang tr cng,
ct

101
Cy hng ro: Gm nhng cy thn g, bi, nhiu cnh nhnh. Cy c mt l dy, xanh
quanh nm, sng lu, c bit nhiu thn, cnh hay l c gai. Trng thay th cho cc bc tng
xy bao va tin li, r, mt.

- Cy
vin
bn,
bi:
Gm nhng cy thn g nh hoc thn tho, sng mt nm hoc nhiu nm, cy c nhiu cnh
nhnh, chu ct xn, hoc c mu l, hoa p lm ng vin cho cc bn hoa.

- Cy hoa: Gm nhng cy thn tho hoc thn g c cao di 1 m, sng theo ma trong
nm hoc 2 3 nm. Thng c trng trong cc bn hoa, bi, trong chu,..

102
Cy xanh ph nn:

C v cy thn tho
- C u phng (hay c u phng, c lc, c u, c hong lc) l ging cy h u vn d
mc hoang di, b st ph kn mt t, c hoa mu vng n u quanh nm.

C nhung hay c Nht: Loi c mm mt xut x Nht Bn thng thy cc sn golf. Loi
c ny trng kh sang trng, chi ph cao hn cc loi c khc v i hi cng chm sc k
cng.

C nhung Nht Bn C lan chi

C lan chi: loi c ny l c mp l mu trng, pha trong mu xanh nht, c dng trang tr
gc cy hay vin bn di bng rm, nu trng c lan chi ni nhiu nh nng s d b chy
l.

103
C l mng mu trang tr tng thp.C c chc nng lm nn cho t xanh, c tc dng to
nn mt khng gian rng ln hn thc t, to nn cm gic yn tnh.Mt khc c cn c tc
dng r rt chng xi mn t, gi m, lng lc bi bm. nc ta hin nay trng ph bin
cc loi c g, c l tre, c gng, mt s loi c nhp v trng ti cc sn th thao.Mt khc,
trng c cng tham gia vo vic gim nhit ti 30C gia ni c trng c v t trng.

Cy xanh ct ta
Dng lm cng cho

Lm hng ro Trang tr nhng khong sn vn

3.2.4. m thanh

m thanh nhn thc thnh gic

m thanh c nh hng lm thy i cm xc ca ngi i do. cc m thanh c to
ra t thin nhin nh ting nc chy chim ku l rng hoc cng l ting du dng trm
bng ca ting nhc v phong linh

104
Chng ta sng v gi mnh trong mun vn thanh m ca cuc sng,si ni v lng yn,thng
hoa v trm lng.C nhng thanh m d di nh nhng ting go tht t bin khi vng
li,nghe ht nh nhng ting gi ngi thn y tuyt vng ln trong gi bin mn nng.Cng
c nhng m thanh rt nh,chm v tinh t,lt qua nh ting ai ko nh dy n violin gia
m khuya,nh thi,nh s lm ngi khc thc gic.V cng c nhng m thanh khng phi
bao gi ta cng nghe c,nhng thanh iu ch nghe thy qua mt git nc mt trong vt hay
khi ta nhm mt tht lu...

m thanh gip ta nhn ra cuc sng quanh mnh,n ging

nh l mt du hiu ca s sng.m thanh tc vo khng
gian v cuc sng ca chng ta nhng rung ng v giao
cm khng ngng ngh.

3.2.5. nh sng

nh sng t nhin
Mc ch thit k:

Chiu sng cng trnh vt th con ngi

To cm gic m p v sinh ng phc v du khch

Si m cng trnh, con ngi, thit b

nh sng t nhin l rt quan trng, hu ht kin trc khch sn u s dng nh sng t nhin
mang li cm gic gn gi v thoi mi cho khch du lch chnh v th tt c cc cng trnh
bn trong khch sn u mang tnh hng ngoi cao.

Trong thit k kin trc, vic s dng nh sng t nhin nhm hn ch nh hng ca mi
trng n resort nn c u tin quan tm. Vic s dng nh sng nhn to ch nn l thnh

105
phn b sung cho nh sng ban ngy. Cn c nhiu khng gian c chiu sng d chu
thng xuyn v phn b u khp khng gian ni tht.

nh sng t nhin i vi ngoi tht

So vi nh sng t nhin trong nh, nh sng t nhin ngoi tri (hay bng ) kh kim sot
hn nhiu. Mc nh sng rt kh d on v c th thay i t mc nhn thoi mi n rt
kh chu. Kin trc ni ring khng th kim sot hon ton c nh sng ban ngy m ch c
th tc ng bng cc phng php gin tip khc nhau mang li lng nh sng cn thit.

Phn loi:

Vi cc cng trnh ngh dng, vic xy dng cc khu vc ngoi tri phc v du khch rt
quan trng. Cc khng gian ngh ngi nh h bi, spa ngoi tri, khu vc bi bin cn s dng
cc hnh thc che nng trn cao nhm hn ch nng gt v to bng rm mt.

Phng php ph bin v hiu qu nht l s dng cc loi cy tn rng trng ngay khu vc
cn che mt:

Phng php th 2 l s dng cc cng trnh v thit b che nng trn cao c din tch rng
phc v cho cc hot ng nht nh m du khch i hi ngoi tri:

nh sng t nhin i vi ni tht

Yu cu:

Cc nguyn tc cn ch c trong vic iu chnh nh sng t nhin l:

106
Tm nhn ngoi tri tt nht l to c 1 gc 15 gia tm mt v im nhn cao nht.

Cc kt cu che nng ngang nh lam hay hin vn trnh che chn tm nhn.

M ca s v ngun sng nhn to nn c t sao cho gim thiu chi.

Khng lt ng v mt sn ngoi tri cc vt liu qu sng hay gy phn chiu qu

mc.

Anh sng ban ngy cn c thit k sao cho c phn chiu t mt t hay b mt
kt cu che nng ln trn nh. Trn nh cng nn s dng mu sng tn x c
nhiu nh sng.

Mt nhn t quan trng trong thit k nh sng khch sn l phi to ra c n tng v mt

khng gian m cng v d chu. iu ny c th c gii quyt bng cch s dng vt liu ni
tht mu sng, m rng cc khng gian thong v sp xp hp l cc phn khu chc nng.
Thit k nh sng t nhin tt s ti u ha nh nng, m bo nh sng phn b y m
trng tm nhn b kh chu.

107
 Phn loi:

Trong khng gian ni tht, ngn chn vic tip nhn nh sng trc tip bng cch s dng cc
thit b che nng v thm thc vt c th gip kim sot nh nng phn chiu chi qu mc.

- Thc vt :

Dng cc chi tit nh lam, vng, hin :

vng m mi hin cng l mt phng php n gin m hiu qu che nng vo nhng
ngy tri nng. l mt cch hiu qu to ra bng rm.

108
H lam khng ch ng vai tr l cng c che nng m cn l thnh phn kin trc quan trng.
Lam ngoi tc dng thng gi, n cn gip ngi s dng c kim sot lng nh sng i vo
mt cn phng. Lam ph hp vi mi iu kin hot ng: khi mt tri chiu ngang, lam c th
c ng li, khi ln cao, n c th c m ra. Vi b mt kim loi, lam c th cho nhiu nh
sng vo mt cn phng hn trong khi vi b mt g s hn ch tc hi ca nh sng.

nh sng nhn to
Mc ch:

Chiu sng nhn to ban m to nh sng cho mi trng sinh ng v cm gic an ton cho
ngi i b, i xe trong khch sn.

Nhn mnh cc yu t chi tit thit k ca cng trnh v cnh quan m n chiu sng.

Thit k chiu sng c th phn nh thit k v c tnh ca khu vc thng qua sng,
loi n, lp v trang tr, mu sc v v tr.

109
Chiu sng c dng, nh n cho cy thay i theo ma, cng c khuyn khch.

Yu cu chung:

m bo cht lng chiu sng thng qua thit k gim chi, hn ch nh la v s dng
cc loi n tng tnh a phng cho khch sn.

Nn hi ha, trnh tranh chp vi nh sng cc cng trnh khc.

Chiu sng bui ti c nh sng thoi mi, khng qu sng v chi v ch nn tp trung chiu
sng vt cn thit. Nn c chp n v c tnh nh hng. S dng cc nh mu m nng th
thch hp hn.

Phn loi

nh sng nhn to c nhiu hnh thc. c th nh n ng dnh cho nhng con ng,
chiu sng va h dnh cho ngi i b, chiu sng cng trnh, v chiu sng cc b vo cc b
phn c o ca kin trc v cnh quan. Nhn chung, c th chia chiu sng nhn to theo
phm vi chiu sng ta c 2 loi: Chiu sng tng th v chiu sng im nhn.

Chiu sng tng th

S dng vi mc ch nh hng v dn dt con ngi n v tr cn thit nn khng mang tnh
trang tr cao. Khu vc c chiu sng ln, m bo tnh an ton v kh nng nhn bit.

110
 Chiu sng im nhn
S dng cho mt nc trung tm, nh sng ht sng cho cng trnh, kin trc iu khc
, thu ht tm mt con ngi nhn vo vt c chiu sng. Khu vc chiu sng khng ln,
m bo khng ln t cc chi tit kin trc ln cn. c im l c chi thp, mu sc sng,
thu ht nh nhn. nhng v tr yu cu ni bt, Hn ch s dng n hunh quang, n hi
thy ngn, n natri p cao v p thp.

3.2.6. Mu sc

xy dng nn nt a phng cn c.

Cn n bo rng cc mu sc ph hp vi mi trng xung quanh. Mu sc ca lp v bao

che cng trnh cn ha ln vi khung cnh thin nhin v cc cng trnh ln cn.

Mu sc cho cc khch sn ngh dng x tuyt ch yu l tng mu m nng mang li cm

gic m p v thoi mi hn cho du khch.

111
 Mu sc cho cc khch sn ngh dng vng hoang mc nng li chn tng mu tng
ng vi gam mu ca t nhin.

D l khch sn theo hng truyn thng hay hin i, cc mu sc ch o ca mt cng trnh

ngh dng thng thy l cc gam mu trung tnh, tng mu t v mu sc trm nh nu,
xanh l, xanh da tri v mu xm.

i vi cc khch sn ven bin tng mu ph thuc nhiu vo yu t vt liu ti a phng m

ch yu l mu nu, vng t, trng vv.a phn tng ng vi cnh quan xung quanh. em
li cm gic d chu cho du khch.

112
3.2.7. Vt liu

Yu cu:

gim thiu yu t hin i trong thit k, kin trc v mu sc ca cc ta nh nn cng

khng ph trng cng tt.

Do , vt liu v hnh thc ca cng trnh cn phi c hi ho vi khung cnh thin nhin
hoc ph hp vi kin trc c th a phng ca khu vc. Xy dng theo phong cch kin
trc a phng s gip tit kim khi s dng lao ng v cc vt liu a phng v th hin
trch nhim vi mi trng khu vc .

Tt c vt liu phi c bn nht nh v c xy dng chu c thi tit khc nghit ca

a phng .

Trong mt cng trnh khch sn ngh dng, cch s dng hp l l ch nn s dng mt s t

loi vt liu xy dng, nhng phi m bo bn v yu t a phng.

Phn loi:

Vt liu ngoi tht ch yu bao gm , g, va v b tng kt cu. y chng ta ch cp

n mt s loi vt liu thng s dng trong cc resort trn th gii.

B tng:

B tng l vt liu thng thy nht trong xy dng cc cng trnh ngy nay. Vic s dng b
tng l vt liu khng ch mang yu t kt cu chu lc m nu bit cch trang tr vn to c
cc b mt trang tr cho cng trnh. B tng trn phi c ph cc cht liu bo v hay va
trang tr, gip bo v vt liu khi thi tit v ng thi mang tnh trang tr cao.

113
Thp hay cc vt liu kim loi khc

Ch thng thy trong kin trc khch sn ngh dng thnh th. Mang tnh u vit ca vt liu
hin i nn ng vai tr nh kt cu chu lc cho cng trnh, yu t trang tr thng ng vai
tr th yu.

Knh

L mt trong nhng cht liu khng th thiu trong khch sn tn hng ht c view nhn
ca cnh quan xung quanh v ng thi ng vai tr ly sng t nhin cho khng gian ngh
dng.

Cc vt liu mang c trng a phng : Nh g, rm, tre na

Cc vt liu a phng c s dng ty theo mc v cch x l. Nu c qua x l, c

th em cc vt liu y lm cu to chnh trong mt s cng trnh. Cn li thng ch mang yu
t trang tr v mang li bn sc a phng.

Cc loi vt liu khc (c th chp nhn mt s thnh phn nht nh i hi c kt cu v

thit k kin trc hin i hn)

G (loi c sn ti a phng) :
qua s l, s dng v ch tc
thnh cc dng tm vn, bn

114
mng, pano tng hoc n gin gi nguyn dng khc g.

Gch, t nhin (bao gm granite, phin,

vi, cui...): Thng s dng trong vic lt nn, sn
hoc nhng chi tit trang tr cho cng trnh.

Rm r, tre na vv ng vai tr mang yu t truyn thng dn d cho khch sn ngh dng

c bit l nhng khch sn vng nhit i

3.2.8. Kin trc cng trnh

Cc thnh phn kin trc chnh

Nhng thnh phn kin trc tiu biu to nn mt resort l khi n tip, nh hng, v cc
Bungalow Hnh thi kin trc mang li phi hi ha vi cnh quan xung quanh c bit l pht
huy c bn sc vn ha ca vng min.
Th php ch yu gi l chit trung, giao thoa gia hin i v yu t bn a , cc khng
gian trong Resort, ngi ta mi kt ni vi vn ha bn a, to ra khng gian bn a cho du
khch c thm nim vui khm ph. Khng gian ngh l mt khng gian hin i nhng li mang
bn sc vn ha, k thut ca vng bn a m n to lc.
c trng ca resort chnh l nhng bungalow c tch ring bit vi tm nhn p v tin
nghi hin i, n nh mt cn nh thu nh cho nhng khch du lch lu tr v khm ph phong
cnh ti resort.

115
 Resort Pearl Farm ti o Samal Philipines l minh chng cho vic s dng hiu qu cc
hnh thc kin trc truyn thng v hi ha cnh quan.

Cc thnh phn kin trc ph

Nhng kin trc nh nh chi ngh chn, gh cng vin, khu v sinh thay cng cng, khu vui
chi, quy nc vv cng l mt trong nhng yu cu cn t trong cng nng resort cng nh
phi m bo tnh thm m v hi ha vi cc kin trc chnh ca resort.
Tc phm ngh thut to hnh
Nhng tc phm ngh thut to hnh l nhng im nhn trong khng gian resort , n phn nh
c s th nghim thm m cng nh vn ha c trng, bn sc ring cho resort.
Honh trng: tp trung v gn lin vi cng trnh chnh, mang ch chung, mang nhiu yu t
im nhn, ph trng: i phun nc, tng i, vn tng, trc cnh quan gp phn vo
v p ca cng trnh, thng theo tuyn, trc, p ch
Trang tr: kch thc nh, thn thin v b tr khng tp trung, hi ha vi cnh quan thin
nhin.

3.3. CC KHNG GIAN CHC NNG TRONG RESORT

3.3.1. Khu n tip

-Li vo.
-Snh.
-Quy l tn.
-Quy hnh l ca khch.
-Phng tr & bar.
-Phng n.

116
Li vo
im nhn c to bi li vo chnh l quan trng v xc nh kiu khch sn. N phi lun
lun r rng v nh hng mt cch trc tip n quy tip tn. Li vo xe nn rng cho
php 2 xe hi i qua v c xe bus. Anh sng t bit c th cn nhn mnh li vo.
Cung cp nhng ca i rng cho ngi khun vc vi nhng ti xch , ng 900mm. vi
nhng ca xoay trn th cng nn b tr thm ca bt thot ngi. nn lm hnh lang thng
gi.

Snh
Tip tn
Khch nn c nhn thy bn tip tn ngay lp tc li vo, n nm trn ng n thang
my v cu thang. i khi khch hng i hi phi nhn thy n t ngoi ng. nu quy tip
tn trn tng lng th cu thang v thang my ln phi tht c bit v n tng

Kin trc ca snh tip n l nt u tin gi cho khch du lch v c resort.Mt Resort
lun theo mt phong cch nht qun cho ton qun th v snh n l cu vn u tin trong
tp truyn c tch m du khch s c. C th ty theo phong cch kin trc ton khu m

117
 khi n tip s tm cch th hin r nt nht tnh cht nh l dn d, sang trng, chu,
c in hay ti gin.

Snh l u mi giao thng ca resort,

t cho php di chuyn n tt c hoc
hu ht cc khng gian chc nng cn
li trong qun th cng trnh. Ngoi ra,
snh n cn l ni tp trung thng tin
ca ton khu, a im tp trung v khu
vc ch.

Din tch snh n ph thuc vo quy

m ca khu Resort trong mi tng quan
vi lng khch lu tr hoc s phng,
s bungalow.
Khu vc snh n v hnh lang l cc
khu vc c s dng vi tn sut cao
trong ton khu resort, ng thi cng l
ni thng xuyn c b tr v tn
trang. Vic s dng cc vt liu bn l
cn thit trong nhng v tr chu tc ng
cao do lu thng.
Resort The Nam Hi gn Hi An. Ly tng t nhng chic n lng, im nhn cho
snh ca chn ngh dng ny l nhng khi cu bng kim loi c chm tr hoa l to
nn hiu ng nh sng tuyt p trn mt nc

118
Kin trc khi n tip

Hnh bn l phng n thit

k khi snh n tip ca
resort Buccament Bay
Resort. Khi n tip c
thit k rt trang trng vi vic
phn chia trc dn dt rt r
rng.

Khch c drop off ngay

trc snh v i vo khng
gian ch lm th tc c b
tr i xng hai bn. ng t
c th thy c ton khu
snh vi cc lp cnh quan
sau .

resort ny t hp khi
hnh chnh c vo trong
khi tip n tin qun l
ngay pha sau quy l tn.
Bn trong c b tr v sinh,
cc phng chc nng, kho, v
phng hp, gp g khch
hng.

i din vi quy tip tn l

cc phng phc v v k
thut, ni gi , hnh l ca
khch, nh v sinh,..

Khi nh bao quanh mt h

cnh quan ngoi tri vi cc
ch ngi ta lng vo thnh
h to cm gic thn mt
v thch th khi gn vi mt
nc hn.

119
.Cc hng mc chc nng ca snh

Bng bn lit k check list cc hng mc chc nng ca mt khi n tip c th c. Bao
gm:

-Khu Reception:

Bn ng k, tnh tin, v thng tin

Bn ca qun l
V tr ngi ca ngi trc hnh l,kho xe y
Kho hnh l
Bung gi in thoi

-Khu vc ngi

Ch ngi ch vi nhiu cch b tr khc nhau

Dch v nc ung v n
u t mt nc v tp trung im nhn

-Lu thng

Tip cn khu vc snh

Tip cn nh hng v bar
Tip cn cc phng chc nng (hi ngh, tic)
Tip cn cc khu vui chi gii tr
Tip cn cc ca hng mua sm v khu vc cng cng
Tip cn n khu xe

-Khu vc ca hng dch v:

Bn thit yu phm (bo ch, dng nh tm, qu lu nim)

Dch v du lch (tour thnh ph, my bay, cho thu xe)
Thi trang (nam, n, cc shop c bit)
Mua qu tng ( qu{, hoa, chi, sch) Trch dn Hotel Design,
Cc dch v khc (ngn hng, quy photocopy) Planning and Development

Thit k quy l tn

L ni cung cp cc dch v:

-Tip n khch v ng k
-Th qu v k ton, i tin, tip nhn v gi vt dng gi tr
-Cung cp thng tin, cha kha, th t, bu phm, ti liu qung co (prochure)
-Nhn gi v tr hnh l{ trc v sau khi check in

120
 -Tip nhn hnh l cho nhn vin phc v h tng n phng ( cc khch sn v resort cao
cp)
T quy l tn c th lin h trc tip vi khu vn phng, tin cho vic ly cc mu ti
liu v cc dch v h tr, t vn, qun l.
Thit k khu l tn. Quy l tn cn phi c t v tr trng tm, thu ht nh nhn. Khu
vc ny tt nht khng nn c ct to s trang trng, nh hng d dng, v lu thng
thun li. Mt s resort cho php t reception c hng nhn n cc trc ng chnh hoc
nm v tr cao, gc nhn bao qut c khu resort. Thng nhng gii php v nh sng l
n gin v hiu qu nht lm cho khi l tn tr ln trang trng v thu ht im nhn.
Nhng yu t trang tr thng c lng ghp cc { ngha nht nh lin quan n biu
tng thng hiu ca Resort hoc phn nh nt vn ha a phng.
.C bn: 1.8m di dnh cho mt quy ng k v tnh tin. i vi 150 phng th dng 2
quy, c tng ln 100 phng th thm 1 quy. Mt khc, c th b tr 2 nhn ng k chung
mt bn tit kim din tch.

Tham kho v kch thc v b tr ca cc quy, t k s dng cho khu vc l tn

121
3.3.2.Khu nh hng

Nhu cu phc v ca nh hng trong resort nm trong khong 80-90% ba sng, 15-20%
vo ba tra, 30-40% vo ba ti.

Phong cch v phm vi la chn ca nh hng ph thuc phn ln vo quy m khu resort. Hu
ht nh hng resort quy m trung bnh cung cp 2 loi thc n, trong khi quy m ln l 3-
4.

Dy chuyn bp ni
chung

122
Dy chuyn hot ng chung ca Nh Hng

Phn loi Theo kiu n Theo hnh thc phc Theo loi n chuyn
(theo menu) v

Phc v Nh hng Php Nh hng phc v Ala Nh hng hi sn/ c sn

mn n Nh hng Carte
Nh hng Trung Nh hng chuyn g, b, d
Hoa Nh hng fastfood
Nh hng bia hi
Nh hng Nh hng buffet
Nh hng lu
Nh hng u

i tng Thc khch n ti Thc khch n ti ch Thc khch n ti ch.

phc v ch, c th l hai hoc mang v. Phc
hoc nhiu ngi v bn n theo nhm Ch yu l khch nhm vi
t ngi, v nhm s lng khch ln trong
nhiu ngi mt gia nh, hoc nhm
bn.

Nhu cu Thng thc mn Ch trng nhiu n Thng thc mn n vi

ca thc n theo hng v cung cch phc v v c trng vn ha ti a
khch c trng, phong cht lng mn n phng, c trng vn ha
cch phc v, hnh ca mn n,
thc trnh by,
khng gian m C khng gian hp mt, vui
thc v,

Thi gian Ngy v m Ban ngy Ngy v m

phc v

c im Khng gian m B tr khng gian Khng gian m cng, thn

khng gian thc phi ph hp thong ng, c mt, gn lin vi c trng
vi c im vn nhiu ch ngi, b tr vn ha ca a phng,
ha ca mn n. a dng hnh thc ca m thc,
Sang trng, thoi ch ngi.
mi, nhiu la Phn bit khng gian ring
chn ch ngi, Thit k khng gian v chung kho lo
gn lin vi c trng
thng hiu.

123
 Nh hng St. Regis Bali

Khu nh hng bao gm cc phng n :

-Phng n ln ( Khch thng )

-Phng n VIP ( Khch hng sang )
-Phng c ph
-Phng nhy
-Khng gian tic ngoi tri
Do tnh cht hot ng v phc v c tnh cht c lp nn khu ny thng b tr thun tin
phc v khch c trong v ngoi khch sn. Cc hnh thc nh hng rt a dng ty vo tnh
cht phc v v phong cch thit k ca nh hng m cnh quan xung quan cng khc
nhau. Mt nh hng chu , cnh bin, trn cao hay thm ch l di bin s c cch bi tr
v thit k khc bit.

Mt s lu khi thit k :

-Chn v tr thun li, thong mt, hng nhn tt, yn tnh.

-Cc phng n ring bit, nu n cc phong Vip, phng chiu i, phng dancing, c ph
phi thit k li i ring, khng c ct ngang phng n ln.
-B tr thun tin cho khch trong v ngoi khch sn, cc phng n b tr gn bp v phng
son.

Ngoi tht nh hng trong khch sn Alila Villas Soori. c thit k vi nhng vt
liu c mu sc m cng. Khng gian c thit k theo xu hng m, ni lin gia
khng gian thin nhin v nh hng.

124
Phng n ln
-y l khu vc trung tm ca nh hng
-Chim din tch kh ln, phc v s lng ngi ng,thng xuyn.
-Thng c v tr tip cn mt ng, li vo chnh.
-Thu ht khch hng nh s nhn nhp sang trng.
-Cn thit k gn lin vi khu vc son, phng nhy, bar c ring mt khng gian cho ban
nhac biu din ti ch.
-Ch ti vic thit k thot ngi v chiu cao thng thu hp l.

Phng n VIP
-C li i ring tip cn vi snh chnh.
-Khng gian nh yn tnh nhng sang trng v m cng.
-S lng bn n t t 1-3 bn,mi bn khng 10-15 ngi.
-S dng vt liu dung c sang trng hn thng thng.
-Nh hng u hay s dng bn trn v nn trong lc n.

125
Tic ngoi tri
-Thng by tr gn lin vi khu son bp v quy bar.
-Kt hp vi tic ru v gii kht.
-Mn n c dn sn b tr tp trung hoc trn tng bn n ring.
-Buffet trong nh c t chc phng n ln, gn lin vi cc s kin.
-Buffet ngoi tri c kt hp vi Barbecue ti sn vn, h bi.
-i hi khng gian linh hot.
-Phc v cho ba n nh (n sng).
-Kt hp vi quy bar v cafe to thnh mt khu vc ring.
-Phc v cho c khch bn ngoi.

Nh hng ngoi tri lng mn ti Maldives

126
Mt vi tiu ch thit k Nh Hng

Nhng nh hng khc nhau, da trn phong cch v cht lng phc v ca n, cn c cc
cch tip cn thit k khc nhau. V d, i vi nh hng phc v 3 ba cn thit k mi
trng cho php chuyn i n tng khng gian t nh nhng, bnh thng vo bui sng
cho n trang trng, lung linh vo ban m. iu ny c th c thc hin bng thit k h
thng chiu sng, thay i mt bn, dn cc gh ngi quy, trnh by thc n, vch ngn
chia linh hot lm nh phng khin khng gian thn mt hn. Thit k nh hng 3 ba n
cn cn nhc nhng yu t sau:

Phn thanh ton v tip khch: to thnh mt quy kt hp kim sot ra vo nh hng

Phn chia nh hng: c th chia thnh 2 hoc 3 khu vc nh c th ng tm trong

lc khng ng khch.
Sp xp bn gh linh hot c th ghp li thnh bn ln khi c tic ng ngi
Gh ngi quy: Chim khong 10% tng lng gh. Gh ny thng dnh cho nhng
ngi i mt mnh.
Buffet/ trng by thc n: To mt khu vc buffet t phc v hoc trng by thc n. Nhiu
khch sn cung cp buffet sng nh km trong gi dch v.
Trm phc v: C trong khong 80 ch ngi th tng ng vi mt khu phc v t,
cung cp nc, c ph, b chn a v thu cc da dng.
nh sng linh hot: Cung cp ngun sng c th thay i cng c (dimmable lighting)
c th thay i tnh cht khng gian (mood) t sng, tra n ti.
Nhc nn: a dng, thng c nhc nh (soft music).
ng phc, khn tri bn, ha v tn hiu: Thit k cc yu t nh ny tn thm cht
lng khng gian chung ca khch sn (hotel theme).

Tng t, cc tiu ch ny c th c p dng cho cc nh hng gi nh cao cp hn. Cc

nh hng c sn hoc nh hng thng hiu ca Resort (signature restaurant) c th c
m vo bui ti, mc d cc dch v bui tra cng mang li li nhun ln khu vc th.
Khng gian v trang tr ca nh hng c pht trin ch yu da trn menu v phong cch
dch v. Nhng s ta tt v vt liu, chi tit, b tr ni tht, trng cy, nhn to, tranh nh,
v thit k tri bn u ng gp vo vic lm nn khng gian ch (theme).

Nhng tiu ch trong thit k, c iu chnh v lm r bi cc phn tch v th trng

v pht trin concept ca dch v m thc, bao gm:

B tr bn: Phn nh r rng nhng khu vc ngi, phn tch ra khi lung giao thng, khu
vc snh v dch v, buffet. Mi bn cn m bo khong ring t i vi cc bn bn cnh.
By thc n: Trng by thc n gn li vo hoc khu ngi trung tm.
Trnh din nu n: Da trn concept ca menu, cn nhn b tr nhng khu vc m ca
nh bp cho thc khch thy c nh l bp ci, l nng, l nu teppanyaki ca Nht
Bn.
Gii tr: Cung cp mt bc nh v sn nhy, cn nhc dn vic sp xp bn gh khi t
127
chc s kin th c bn c im nhn hp l{ n khu vc trnh din ny.
Quy bar: cung cp dch v nc ung t mt quy cocktail cnh , hoc l mt quy bar
tch bit c thit k cho khu nh hng c sn, hoc mt khu bar dch v nh bp
(kitchen-service bar).
nh sng thn mt (intimate lighting): Thit k cho php nh sng thay i cng khng kh
nh hng vo bui ti, tuy nhin c th cho php sng hn vo bui tra dn dp (n
huznh quang khng c s dng bt k khu vc no).
ng phc, khn tri bn, ha v nhn hiu thng mi: c chn sao cho thng nht
v hi ha vi ch ca cn phng.
Trch dn Hotel Design,
Planning and Development
B tr bp nu

128
 Bar trong resort

Mt quy ln ni cc loi ru c phc v bi mt "bartender" gi l quy bar.

Quy bar l mt loi bn ln v di dng trong vic phc v ti ch cc thc ung cha cn
(nh bia, ru ), i khi c phc v thc n nh. Mt qun bar c th c mt hoc nhiu
quy bar.

V TR

Gn hnh lang, li vo, snh n, c th mang mc ch giao tip, th hin b mt ca

resort.

Kt hp vi cc dch v cao cp khc, thng hng ra h bi, bi bin, nhng ni c tm

nhn p, l im c trng ca khu resort.

L khu vc mang tnh cng cng bar c t xa khu vc (tnh cht ring t cao) trnh
gy nh hng v ting n.

Gn hnh lang, li vo, snh n, c th mang mc ch giao tip, th hin b mt ca

resort.

Kt hp vi cc dch v cao cp khc, thng hng ra h bi, bi bin, nhng ni c tm

nhn p, l im c trng ca khu resort.

L khu vc mang tnh cng cng bar c t xa khu vc (tnh cht ring t cao) trnh
gy nh hng v ting n.

Dy chuyn hot ng khu Bar gii tr (Entertainment Lounge)

Dy chuyn s dng ca mt bar trong khu entertainment Lounge. y l loi hnh bar
thng c cch ly i vi mi trng xung quanh do tnh cht ting n do cc hot ng
vui chi, m nhc bn trong. ng thi nhng yu cu v thot him, chy n cng
c lu i vi entertainment lounge.

129
 Tuy nhin vn c cc dng bar t chc vi cch thc thong hn v n gin hn nh Bar
nh hng v Bar h bi.
Mt bng ca mt entertainment lounge vi sn khu trung tm. Gh ngi c b tr xung
quanh u c tm nhn n mn trnh din. Vin ngoi l cc khu snh, v sinh, quy phc
v.

Phn loi
THEO LOI HNH GII TR

BAR RU (WINE BAR) :

L mt quy bar mang tnh thanh lch ch phc v ru vang. Mt s cng phc v n nh.

Mang phong cch c in, vt liu v nh sng c mu sc m cng.

130
c im khc bit d nhn thy bar ru l cc t ru di pha sau quy bar chnh hoc
xen ln gia cc khu vc ngi ca khch.

BAR DISCO

L mt dng bar khc bit nh mt sn nhy v dn nhc vi DJ phc v cho i tng khch
thch s si ng, khiu v theo nhc v cc th loi khiu v ngoi m nhc khc.

Bar disco quan trng nht l h thng nh sng v m thanh phi ng b, to c hiu ng
v c sc ht.

BAR NHC SNG

Phc v nhu cu thng thc m nhc ca khch. Bar t chc trong khng gian kn, m cng,
thn thin ch trng vo s giao lu gia khch v band nhc.

i vi resort, c th l bar trong nh hoc ngoi tri vi mt sn khu nh hoc thm ch l

khng c sn khu, cho php mc giao tip cao hn.

131
 BAR H BI

L hnh thc bar gii kht t cnh h bi (pool bar) hoc ni trong h bi (swim-up bar).
Nhng bar ny thng phc v thc n nh, tri cy, cc loi cocktail tri cy nhit i.

Thng ch bao gm 1 quy bar c mi che hoc c th c cy ci c thit k trng xem gia
h bi to khng gian, bng mt v cm gic gn gi hn vi thin nhin.

BAR TRONG RESORT

132
CC YU T CNH QUAN TC NG N BAR RESORT, T HNH THNH NN
PHONG CCH KIN TRC C TRNG

133
C th ni, v tr a l vi nhng thun li t nhin v cy xanh, nhit , mi trng, ng b
bin, ct trng, a hnh cng nhng c im mang yu t vng min c trng chnh l nhng
yu t lm hnh thnh nn phong cch, tinh thn ca mt qun bar.

3.3.3. Khu chm sc sc khe spa

Gii thiu chung v Spa

Loi hnh tr liu sc khe spa ph bin c gc r su xa nht l cc sui nc nng,

nc khong. Nhng ngun nc ny tin cho nhng khu spa hin i, a dng ngy
nay vi rt nhiu cch thc tr liu liu khc c pht trin thm (c v mt th cht ln tinh
thn).

Cc liu php spa bao gm:

-Tr liu bng nc (hydrotherapy)

-Massage
-Facial (tr liu mt)
-Body wraps (bc ph ton thn)
-Skin exfoliation (ty da cht)
-Aromatherapy (tr liu bng hng thm)
-Nutrition and weight guidance (dinh dng v hng dn cn nng)
-Yoga and meditation (Yoga v thin)

134
 Trong , khu spa tr liu bng nc l nh hng nhiu n thit k kin trc nht,
v cng l ph bin nht. Nhng gii php cn li ch yu xoay quanh trang thit v v
cch thc, qun l. Cc gii php tr liu bng nc (hydrotherapy) bao gm:

-Sui nc nng
-H tm thy lc (Jacuzzi)
-Tm bn
-Xng hi t (Steam bath)
-Xng hi kh (Sauna)

Dy chuyn hot ng ca Spa

135
 Mt bng mt khu chm sc sc khe. t bn cnh Spa (ch c khu trong nh) cn c
khu Salon (lin h vi vi khu n nhiu hn) v khu tp th hnh (fitness area)

Cc hng mc chc nng v lu thit k

Mt trong nhng thnh phn quan trng th 2 trong cc dch v vui chi gii tr ca khch
sn l spa (hoc trong quy m nh hn l khu chm sc sc khe), mt chc nng m
tr nn quan trng hn c h bi trong mt s loi khch sn. Tm im ca spa chnh l
tri nghim ca khch, gii thiu nhng hnh nh c nht, m thanh (nc chy hoc
nhc), mi hng (aromatherapy- liu php hng thm), v s m du th gin n vi mi
ngi.

mt khu resort xa xi, nhu cu s dng spa c th ln n 5 phng mt lt, nhng c

th gim xung n 50-100 phng mt lt cc khu vc thnh ph. Ngc li, mt khu
chm sc sc khe khng ch bao gm cc trang thit b luyn tp (nh l cc my Nautilus
hoc Universal) v cc trang thit b chuyn bit nh bn si (whirl pool), phng xng hi t
(steam rooms), phng xng hi kh (sauna). Cc khu ln cn c thm nhng khu Salon (cho

136
 c nam v n), phng tp aerobic, thm ch l phng tp nh bng tng (racquetball)

Nhng thnh phn di y nn c cn nhc khi hoch nh cho khu chm sc

sc khe:

V tr: Sp t v tr sao cho khch c th n spa thng t li snh, nhng v khch a

phng th tip cn t ngoi ng hoc qua bi gi xe m khng phi i qua khu vc snh
khch sn.

Hng mc chc nng (Program): Bao gm nhng thnh phn sau, ph thuc vo th
trng

Khu reception c ngi trc lin tc

Cc ca hiu bn hng
Salon
T gi , bun tm, v v sinh
Phng tp th lc, fitness
Phng xng hi kh (sauna), xng hi t (steam room), v bn si (whirlpool)
Cc phng tr liu (treatment rooms)
Cc khu nm ngh (lounge)
Khu gii kht v phc v

Cc khu ph cn (Adjacencies): Sp xp ton khu vi cc khu vc kim sot v khu ngi d

thy nht, cn nhc cc khu chc nng c th s dng chung (nh l khu salon, fitness) hoc
cc cn tch ring nam n (phong xng hi, phng v sinh)

Trch dn Hotel Design,

Planning and Development
H s tham kho

Spa Makena Resort Brazil. Ton b qun th cng trnh c thit k vi phong cch
Hin i. Spa c thit k quy m nh vi snh n dn vo khu thay nam n c b
tr bn thy lc (Jacuzzi). Khng gian ni bt l h bi chung vi khu vc pool deck ln c
hng nhn ra quang cnh t nhin. Nhng chc nng cn li mang tnh ring t hn v
c b tr pha cui. Hng lam dc va che nng cho cc phng nh, va mang nh sng
t nhin vo khu vc pool deck.

137
Makenna Resort, Brazil

138
Mt khu spa c thit k c o vi bc tng knh xanh ung ln nh hnh li vo
v v snh n. T ta ra cc khng gian xung quanh bao gm: salon, khu fitness, khu
yoga, cc phng massage, khu massage VIP, khu khu tm Jacuzzi v xng hi ring cho nam
v n (bn trong c b tr khu vc locker, thay v tm).

The Parks,Hyderabad,

139
3.3.4. KHI NG

C 3 dng khi ng trong khu ngh dng: Cc dy phng ng, bungalow, bit th (villa)

B tr theo dy phng(Lin k)

L cc cn h ring bit b tr st v chng ln nhau to thnh dy nh (kh tng t vi kin

trc khch sn) nhng khng qu cao tng.

Hnh thc kin trc phi cao tnh hi ha tng th hn.

Do khi tp trung nn phi bo m lu thng v vn thot him tt.

Dy phng ng thng quay ra hng nhn p.

c im cc hng phng( tiu chun vi khch sn 3 sao) :

Phng thp nht Standard :
Thng c v tr hn ch, khng c tm nhn tt
C gi thp nht trong khch sn
Kch thc phng nh
Din tch : t 30 m2/phng
Loi ging : 1 ging i 1,6m & 1 ging n 1,1m 3 ging n 1,1m
Cc tin nghi phng gm: in thoi gi trc tip quc t, Truyn hnh v tinh , My lnh , T
lnh, H thng bo chy t ng , Bn tm nc nng v My sy tc.

140
 Phng hng kh Superior:
C v tr tng i
Kch thc ln hn phng Standard v c trang tr tng i tt
C phng i v phng n, kin trc m vi ban cng, din tch phng 42m2, ban cng rng
8m2, Din tch : t 28 m2/phng.
Loi ging : 1 ging Queen 2m, 1 ging i 1,6m & 1 ging n 1,1m
Cc tin nghi phng gm: bn vit, in thoi gi quc t, trng k ln, my sy tc, kt st c
nhn, t lnh mini, my iu ha khng kh, qut trn, truyn hnh knh quc t, o chong tm
v dp ci.
Phng hng sang Deluxe:
V tr tng tt, c tm nhn ra nhng hng p
Kch thc tng i ln hn , trang thit b cao cp
Phng deluxe c rt nhiu loi : deluxe, senior deluxe,...
Cc tin nghi phng gm: phng tm ring c trang b vi tm hoa sen v bn tm, my lnh
vi h thng iu chnh nhit ring, phng khch, my sy tc, minibarsalon, hoa ti t
phng, ti vi v tinh, truy cp internet khng dy, in thoi quc t t phng ng v phng
tm, git i, kt st, bn vit , trng k rng,kt st c nhn, t lnh mini, qut trn, o chong
tm v dp ci, c phng i v phng n, c bn tm, ban-cng.
Phng cao cp nht suite:
- Phng ng v phng khch ring bit.
- Kch thc ln v c tm nhn p.
- Trang thit b cao cp.
- Phng suites phn ra rt nhiu loi: extra suite, super suite, king suite, queen suite, family
suite, president suite, ...
- Cc tin nghi phng gm: phng tm ring c trang b vi tm hoa sen v bn tm, my lnh
vi h thng iu chnh nhit ring, phng khch, my sy tc, minibar salon, hoa ti t
phng, ti vi v tinh, truy cp internet khng dy, in thoi quc t t phng ng v phng
tm, cassette git i, kt st.

141
Hnh lang khi ng:
Nhng hng lang trong khu vc khi ng nn c gim thiu. chiu rng hnh lang khong
1,3m cho khch sn 2 sao v 1,8-2m cho khch sn 5 sao.
trnh thnh hnh lang hnh chnh th ng nn lm qu di, tiu chun v phng chy cha
chy s quyt nh chiu di hnh lang.

Mc d th loi resort c bit n ch yu vi hnh thc bungalow v villa, tuy nhin trong
cc resort c quy m ln hoc nhm n i tng phc v mc va phi th thng c t
chc thm khi phng ng lin k nh bn trong khch sn nhng vi c cu n gin hn
v chiu cao tng c gii hn (thng l 3-4 tng).

Silavadee Pool Spa Resort vi cc bungalow, villa v khi khch sn trn cote cao nht

142
 Bungalow

Khi nim
Bungalow l kiu nh mt tng c ngun gc xut x t n , nhng ngi nh c thit k
c din tch nh, mt tng duy nht v mi hin rng.

143
Thut ng bungalow u tin xut hin Anh t nm 1696, m t loi nh mt tng c
xy dng n gin cho cc thy th. Cm t ny khng lu sau c ph bin th gii.
i nghch vi cn h , thng dnh cho tng lp cao hn trong x hi, bungalow l loi nh
dnh cho ngi lao ng trung bnh trong thnh ph, hay l nhng ngi nh cho ngng ngi
c thn trong rng, bn b sui ch c ch ng, toilet, bp nu nh. Nhng ngi nh g trn
cy, nhng container cho nhng ngi v gia c...
Ti Vit Nam, khi nim bungalow xut hin khong 5-7 nm tr li y, ch yu xy dng
nhng khu ngh dng dc cc bi bin .

c im
Bungalow trong khu resort thng ch xy dng mt tng, din tch tu thuc vo loi cho mt,
hai khch hay cho gia nh..., nhng thng thng khng qu 150 m2, n c c cu, cng nng
n gin, c ng.
Tin nghi ca bungalow ph thuc vo mc cao cp v vn u t. Mt bungalow trong khu
resort thng phi c ni tip khch hay tin phng, phng ng, toilet, ch , ni lm vic,
phng xng hi.
Cc gii php t chc bungalow trong khu resort
Gii php quy hoch khu bungalow
Cc ch tiu trong quy hoch khu bungalow :
Quy m ti thiu ca mt khu bungalow t 500 - 1000 m.
Mt xy dng ti a khu bungalow khng qu 20 %.
H s s dng t trong khu bungalow l 0.5 - 0.8.
Khong cch xa nht t ch n khu dch v t 400 - 600m.
Bungalow phi xy li vo trong ch gii ng t nht l 6m i vi ng giao thng lin
khu vc v 3m i vi ng trong ni b khu lu tr.
Tng cao ti a ca bungalow l 2 tng.
Khu bungalow c b tr u hng gi trong tng th khu resort , cc bungalow c b tr
theo hng tt.

144
Gii php trnh nng cho bungalow : Trnh quay v hng ty, trng hp quay v hng
bt li ta dng gii php v kin trc trnh nng cho bungalow .
Gii php n gi cho bungalow : Gc n gi tt nht t 30 < < 60( gc n gi l gc
to bi mt tng nh v hng gi thi) . Pha trc bungalow khng c cng trnh, nu c th
cch xa hn 5 ln chiu cao nh pha trc.

Hnh thc kin trc :

C 3 hnh thc bungalow chnh l :
- Hin i
- Truyn thng
- Kt hp 2 yu t hin i v truyn thng
Phn loi:
- Bungalow n lp:
Bungalow 1 tng 1 phng ng
Bungalow 1 tng 1 phng ng c h bi
Bungalow 1 tng 2 phng ng
Bungalow 1 tng 2 phng ng c h bi
Bungalow 2 tng 2 phng ng
- Bungalow song lp.
Bungalow trn mt nc (Overwater
bungalow)
- Bungalow trn bi bin (Beach bungalow)
- Bungalow sn vn (Garden bungalow)
- Ngoi ra cn c mt s dng bungalow c bit khc nh : trn cy, trn vch ni, di
nc,

145
 Cc bungalow u c nhng tin nghi:
- iu ho, Truyn hnh cp, u a DVD.
- T lnh, kt an ton, quy thc ung, bnh nc nng.
- Bn lm vic, Bn trang im.
- My sy tc, dng c pha tr v c ph, dp i trong nh , o chong.
- Bn tm v vi sen, My nc nng lnh.
- Dch v n ung ti phng, dch v chun b phng trc gi ng.
- Kt ni WIFI, in thoi quc t.
- Ban cng ring.
L khi nh ngh dng c lp. Bungalow c xy dng ni c cnh quan, a hnh, hng
nhn p nht trong khu t nhm p ng tt nht nhu cu th gin, hng th ca khch.
Bungalow cng rt a dng trong thit k. Vt liu s dng ch yu l vt liu nh, t a
phng v d dng thay th khi cn thit.

Maldive Resort

146
 Samal Resort, Philippines

Bungalow c nhiu loi, mi loi li c nhng kiu thit k khc nhau:

Bungalow n lp:

Bungalow 1 tng 1 phng ng: y l loi khng c h bi ring nhng vn c hin ngh rng

Bungalow 1 tng 1 phng ng c h bi: din tch xy dng 150m2, y l dng suit - cao cp,
c b bi v hin ngh rng.

Bungalow 1 tng 2 phng ng: Din tch xy dng 115m, thng khng c b bi ring nhng
vn c hin ngh rng. Hai phng ghp i, dng ny c th cho 2 khch thu (t cao cp) tng
i thun tin.

Bungalow 1 tng 2 phng ng c h bi: Din tch xy dng 150m2, thng c b bi ring,
hin ngh rng, hai phng ng trong mt tng.

Bungalow 2 tng 2 phng ng: Thng khng c b bi ring nhng vn c hin ngh rng.
Tng 1 lm ni sinh hot chung, tng 2 lm khng gian ngh ngi. Dng suit ny thng dnh
cho khch thu l mt gia nh.

Bungalow song lp.

147
 Bungalow trn mt nc (Overwater bungalow)

L loi bungalow c a hng ra bin vi cc dy nh sn xy ngay trn mt nc bin.

To c khng gian ring t bit lp nhng gn gi vi bin mang khng kh mt m v mt

th gic cng nh xc gic, tin li cho khch bi li cng nh tn dng c gc nhn p ca
resort.

Bungalow trn bi bin (Beach bungalow):

Nm dc b bin, vi tm nhn trc tip v pha mt bin. Ch cn bc ra l c
th chm n bi ct trng.

Bungalow sn vn (Garden bungalow):

L loi bungalow nm bit lp trong khun vin bn trong resort . c b tr gia
khng gian sn vn yn tnh v cc loi cy c trng ca vng min

148
 Bungalow c bit khc nh : trn cy, trn vch ni, di nc,

149
Mt thit k bungalow ti Aman I Khas Resort ven khu rng quc gia n . Vt liu s dng
n gin l vi cng nh nhng tp lu ca nhng ngi dn du mc. Nhng Resort ny cho
thy nt c o mi l tuy nhin vn khng ph v cnh quan chung ca khu vc.

Bit th (villa)
Bit th l dng phng cao cp nht trong resort. Phc v i tng chnh l h gia nh
.Din tch xy dng thng trn di 300m2 vi mt hoc hai tng . c chia thnh nhiu
phng nh bn trong vi cng nng s dng nh bit th thng thng, nhng c
trang b cc tin nghi cao cp hn:
+ Phng ng vi ging rng kingsize, tm nhn p, ring t, phc v n sng ti ging.
+ Phng tm c xng hi, bn sc, hai lavabo, h thng m thanh v TV cht lng cao,
in thoi, internet ngay trong phng tm
+ Phng khch y tin nghi,
+ C th c phng n v bp ring.

Kin trc ca villa ph thuc vo phong cch kin trc chung trong resort, nhng nhn chung
dng nt ni tht, vt dng n gin, tinh t, vi nhng gam mu m, nh.
Villa xut hin trong khu ngh dng phc v cho cc i tng c nhu cu lu di
hoc cho nhng h gia nh i ngh mt.

Cc dng villa ph bin:

+ Standard villa
Dng bit th thng thng vi mt hoc hai phng ng. C cc khng gian phn chia r
rng nh : Phng khch, phng lm vic, bp ring, wc,

Soneva Kiri, Koh Kood, Thailand

+ President villa
150
C bn ging nh Standard villa nhng vi s phng ng nhiu hn, c th c 2 tng. C h
bi ring v cc dch v ti ch nh spa, massage,

PHN TCH V D-PRESIDENT VILLA (resort Six senses Cn o, B Ra, Vng Tu)
Tng 1 bao gm phng khch lin thng vi khng gian phng n v bp to mt khng gian
rng, mt phng ng nh v wc gn bp n v phng ng, cc khng gian giao thng, tin
phng u c c cc view nhn thong ra cnh quan thin nhin bn ngoi.

Tng 2 bao gm hai phng ng u c wc ring cng vi cc khng gian ngh, ban cng v
khng gian giao thng. Cc khng gian trong phng u lin thng vi khng gian bn ngoi
v thin nhin bi cc ca, vch knh thng thong.

151
NI THT TIN NGHI VILLA
Cc Villa u c nhng tin ch c bit sau:
- Ging sang trng
- Mini bar
- Phng tm vi tin nghi tiu chun.
- Bn tm ln trong nh v ngoi tri c o
- B bi vi sn g v gh nm
- Bn gh tip khch trang nh
- Tivi mn hnh LCD 32 inch, lp t truyn hnh cp
- in thoi ni b, trong nc v quc t
- Wifi tc cao
- T qun o, k giy, vali
- Ni tr em bng g
- Kt an ton
- T lnh mini

152
3.3.6. Khu hnh chnh,k thut,ph tr

Hoch nh v thit k vn ph ng hnh chnh cng vi cc nh phc v (back-of-house) hoc

cc khu vc dch v trong khch sn ng vai tr quan trng trong thnh cng ca Resort.
Cc khu vc ny ch yu khut tm mt ca khch s dng dch v. Khi chc nng ny
chim khong 10 n 15% trong tng din tch sn ca ton khu (i vi cc nh ngh, nh
tr th t l nh; cn i vi cc resort, khch sn cao cp th chim t l ln hn). Vic sp
t vn ph ng v cc khu vc phc v nh hng rt nhiu n kh nng p ng ca nhn
vin i vi qun l chung v cung ng n, thc ung, sa cha, phc v phng v cc
dch v k thut bn trong khch sn.

Nhng khu vc chc nng chnh bao gm:

Vn ph ng qun l
Chun b thc n v kho n, thc ung
Thu rc v cc khu vc kho bi
Khu vc nhn vin
Git i v phc v phng

153
Cc khu k thut v c kh

S hin hu v iu chnh quy m ca cc khng gian ny kh a dng ty thuc vo nhiu

tnh cht nh th loi khch sn, resort cng vi kch c v v tr. Nhng Resort v khch sn
ln thng c nhng khu qun l nhn vin ln, i hi nhng chc nng vn phng trng
yu m ng cc chc nng vn phng phc tp. Resort nhng khu vc xa xi c th
cn phi cung cp cc dch v ring trong ni khu, bao gm ngun cung cp in, nc cng
nh cc khu cho nhn vin v cc trang thit b chm sc cnh quan. Ngc li, nhng
nh tr khng bao gm nh hng hoc cc khng gian gp g th ch cn cung cp va
nh kho, in nc v cc thit b bo tr.

Cn phi cung cp din tch nh phc v, hn na cn phi sp t mt cch hp l{

nhn vin c th tip cn n tt c cc khu vc m khng cn phi phi bng qua snh v
cc khu chc nng cng cng khc. Cc bc hoch nh c bn bao gm: gom cc chc
nng phc v li thnh cc nhm chnh c tip cn n hnh lang phc v, li vo nhn vin;
nhm cc ng cung cp thc n gn nh bp cng vi cc phng v cc b. Cc phn
tip theo bao gm cc tnh cht trong hot ng v hoch nh, tiu ch thit k cho tng khu
vc.
Hnh chnh v k thut ph tr

Cc vn phng qun l

B cc hiu qu ca quy tip tn v khu vc qun l s to nn n tng tt cho khch

tham quan. Hu ht khch u ch tip cn vi quy tip tn, mt s khc c th lin h vi
nhn vin bn hng v qun l (assistant manager). V vy, s quan tm trong thit k i
khu tip khch v qun l{ cng khng thua g cc khu vc cng cng v phng ng. Tnh ton
v thit k ni tht khng gian lm vic vi y trang thit b cn thit khng ch cho tinh
thn v nng sut lm vic ca nhn vin, m cn l nh gi ng cp ca khch sn.

Khu vc vn phng qun l{ thng chia thnh 5 nhm:

Quy tip tn v cc vn phng h tr (front desk and front office)

Vn phng iu hnh (Executive office)

Vn phng bn hng v phn phi (Sales and catering office)

Vn phng k ton (Accounting office)

Vn phng cng ngh thng tin (Information technology offices)

Nhng b phn vn phng khc, nh l phng nhn s v chc nng mua bn (purchasing
fuctions) thng c t khu vc phc v. Trong khi t chc cc vn phng li gn
nhau to nn nhng li th tt yu - Snh tip khch v cc khu ph tr chung (wc, thay
), lin h gn hn gia nhn vin cc phng ban.
154
 .Quy tip tn v vn phng h tr (front desk and front office)

Khu vc ny thng l ln nht trong 5 nhm ca khi qun l v phc v v c mi lin h

thng xuyn vi khch nht. Thng bao gm cc khu vc sau:
Bn tip tn: ng k nhn phng v tnh tin. C th hp chung hoc tch ring 2 chc
nng. Bn hng dn (Concierge desk): C th c b tr gn quy tip tn. i vi
quy m nh th thng tch hp hai chc nng ny thnh 1 quy.
Vn phng h tr (front office): Bao gm in n, copy, th tn. Cung cp v x l d liu t
cc quy tip khch.

Vn phng qun l: Ring bit v thun tin

t phng v in thoi

t phng/ qun l doanh thu: Cung cp vn phng na trong na ngoi (semi-private)

gp chung vi khu vc ng phng.

Khu vc k gi an ton

Phng m tin: cung cp khng gian cho qun l thc phm v hng ha

Phng kim sot chy: C ch gn li vo chnh vi cc bng iu khin h thng bo

ng x l tnh hung c chy v cc trng hp khn cp khc.
Chc nng h tr: Bao gm cc thnh phn cn thit khc nh toilet, khho cha, ch treo
o khoc, phng pantry.

Vn phng iu hnh (executive offices)

L chc nng chim t khi nh nht trong 5 nhm ca h thng hnh chnh v k thut.
nhng khch sn nh, thng nh qun l chn hp chung vi vn phng tip n (front
office). , Qun l khch sn m nhim lun cng vic qun l nhng phng chc nng
nh hn. nhng khch sn nh hn, vn phng iu hnh bao gm nhng chc nng sau:

Khu tip khch: C mt quy tip tn hoc khu vc ch cho khch, bao gm bn tip tn,
gh ngi, v nhng vt trng by tng ng.
Qun l ton khch sn (General manager): C vn phng ln, tng xng vi quy m
ca khch sn.

Tr l iu hnh (Executive assistant manager) C phng ring t cho cc qun l cp cao

nh l qun l h thng phng ng, qun l thc phm, gim c marketing, qun l doanh thu.

H tr iu hnh: Bao gm khng gian cho cc nhn vin ph t ca qun l cng vi cc

chc nng h tr khc (copy, in n).
Phng hp: Bao gm phng ring t 8-12 ch cho hp nhn vin ni b hoc cc nhn

155
vin cp cao s dng; c th bao gm phng pantry v cc dch v caf, th gin.
Cc chc nng ph tr: Bao gm kho cha, v sinh, ch o khoc, pantry.

C trng hp qun l mun khi chc nng gp lun vi snh v quy tip tn tin iu
hnh, nhng cng c trng hp qun l mun t nhng khu vc ring t hn, trnh
nhng yu t bi ting n v ngi qua li.

Vn phng sales v phn phi (Sales and Catering Office)

Khu vc th 3 ny, chu trch nhim t chc cc cuc hp, gp g kinh doanh cho cc
dch v hoc t chc s kin bn trong khu khch sn. Vn phng nn c thit k
c hnh nh bn ngoi tt vi nhng chc nng sau:

Tip tn: Tch ring ra hoc hp vi vn phng iu hnh

Gim c bn hng (sales Director)

Ngi i din cho qun l (Sales representatives): C cc bung lm vic m ra ngoi

cho cc nhn vin khc.

Qun l mng phn phi (Catering manager): C vn phng ring cho nhn vin chu
trch nhim t chc, sp xp tic, hi ngh.

Qun l phng tic (Banquet manager): c nhng phng nh cho gim st nhn vin phc
v.

Qun l dch v hi ngh (Convention-services

manager) Phng hp: C th kt hp vi phng iu
hnh.

H tr qun l: c ch cho vi tr ,iu hnh i vi cc mng nh

Cc chc nng ph tr: Kho, v sinh, ch o khoc, pantry.

Din tch ton vn phng nm trong khong 0.2 -0.4 m2/ phng ng. cc khch sn hi
ngh th ln.

Vn phng k ton (Accounting Office)

V tr tt nht nn gn cc khu vn phng tip khch v tip tn tin qun l tin ra

vo. Nhm vn phng k ton c th bao gm cc chc nng sau:
Ngi iu hnh: C vn phng ring cho nhn vin ti chnh cp cao ca khch sn.

Tr l: C vn phng dng na kn (semi-private) cho cc tr l{ m nhim cc cng

vic k ton hng ngy.
Th qu (Cashier): C phng an ninh vi bn lm vic, c ca s chuyn tin ging nh
trong ngn hng.

156
Vn phng cho cc nhn vin k ton

Khu vc lm vic k ton: Gm khc khoang lm vic ca cc nhn vin k ton khc,
ph thuc vo kch c ca khch sn. Bao gm bn lm vic vi d liu v ch cho in n,
copy.

Ph tr (kho, v sinh, ch o khoc, pantry)

V b cc phng th khng phc tp. Hot ng ca phng k ton ch yu ph thuc vo

trang thit b my tnh. Din tch phng trong khong 0.3m2/phng ng.

Vn phng cng ngh thng tin (Information Technology Office)

Qun l ca trang thit b cng ngh thng tin bao gm vn phng v ch lm vic, thng
c t cc phng phc v v h tr cc chc nng qun l{, iu hnh. S sp t ca
khu vc IT nn phi nh th loi khch sn. Nhm IT thng bao gm nhng yu cu sau:
Gim c IT (IT director): C van phng ring cho nhn vin IT cp cao

Khu vc h tr k thut (Tech support work area): Cc bung lm vic cho h tr k thut
v nhn vin phn mm. S bung ph thuc vo kch c ca khch sn. C cc bn lm
vic chuyn mn v h thng kho cha cho cc linh kin.

Bn h tr (help desk): C mt hoc nhiu bung c trang b bn lm vic qun l

cc yu cu dch v

Phng sever (Server room): C kim sot nhit , sn nng cp in v nh sng tt.
C th khng cn thit nu khch sn s dng dch v cloud h thng mng.
Ph tr: kho, v sinh, ch o khoc, pantry. Nhm vn phng ny cn kho thit b ln.
Hnh chnh v k thut ph tr

Khu chun b thc n v kho lu tr

Trong tt c cc khu vc dch v c khch sn, th nh bp v cc khu vc lin quan nh

chun b v lu tr thc phm l c ch thit k nht. Mt phn l v y tp trung cc
h thng c kh, in, v h thng nc phc tp vi cc trang thit b nh bp. Thit k tt
hay d c nh hng n chi ph lao ng v tin ch cho nhn vin, khch hng. Tt c cc
hot ng lin quan n thc phm nn c t gn nhau, khong cch gia nh bp v
cc ch tiu th thc phm cng ngn cng tt. B tr cn linh hot thch ng vi nhng
thay i trong tng lai. V vy, cc kha cnh lp k hoch v thit k nh bp i hi s
quan tm v phi hp ca hng lot chuyn gia t vn k thut.

Lp k hoch thit k (Program and Planning Objectives)

157
Din tch sn tng ng cho bu np v kho thc n, nc ung ph thuc vo s ba n
phc v mi ngy, cng vi mc phc tp ca menu, kh nng lm vic ca nh bp v
lch trnh phn phi hng ha ca ngun thc phm. Do gi trnh trang thit b, nng lng
v nhn cng cao, nn thit k khu vc bp nh m c th p ng c c tiu ch hot
ng trong khi vn cho php s linh hot nht nh.

Khch sn cn phi c trc mt concept v phong cch phc ph n thc ung hoc
kiu nh hng trc khi i n nhng quyt nh nh thch c v v tr ca nh bp c th
m bo c s thng nht trong { tng.

Khu vc tip nhn hng, thu gom rc v nh kho

Yu cu tch bit r rng hng ha n v i. Ch trong cc khch sn nh th hai chc

nng thng c kt hp thnh mt li duy nht. Khu vc tip nhn kt ni trc tip n
hnh lang ca cc phng phc v (back-of-house).

B tr khu vc thu gom v ly rc cn phi khut khi tm nhn ca khch v khng nh

hng n khu vc xe ca khch. Khu vc thu rc chim khong 0.2-0.3 m2/ phng ng.
Tuy nhin ch l mt phn. Cn ph thuc vo s lng nh hng, khu lounge, v cc
phng chc nng (hi ngh, tic) v cht lng ca khch sn.

Trong khch sn c rt nhiu khu vc cho kho cha vi nhiu chc nng c th khc nhau:
kho cho thc n trong bp, kho cho cc phng hi ngh v tic, kho cho phc v phng, kho
lu tr ti liu trong khu qun l. Tuy nhin c th chia ra lm 2 mc l kho trang thit b
ngoi tri v kho thng thng. Loi th nht, kho cho thit b ngoi tri bao gm cc thit b
chm sc cnh quan (ground maintenance) v cc vt s dng ngoi tri. Loi th 2,
thng c th chim lun mt din tch ln nh khu vc nhn hng v thu gom rc, dnh
cho cc ni tht v trang thit b, lu tr cc d liu ti chnh, bn in, v nhng vt phm
cha s dng khc.

Chim din tch ln th 3 trong khu vc nh phc v v hnh chnh. V l do kinh t v quy
m ca khch sn m khu vc ny c th b gii hn, ch mc va cho nhn vin. Trong
mt vi trng hp, ch yu l khu ngh mt v khch sn nc ngoi, cc nh u t mi
xy dng nh cho nhn vin quy m ln.

Yu cu din tch t 0.55-0.9 m2/phng ng. yu cu v an ninh, lu thng, v trang thit

b cho cc khu vc nhn vin t cng nhc hn so vi cc chc nng khc ca khu vc
ph tr.

158
Cc hng mc c th c trong mt khu nhn
vin ln: Vn phng

Gim c nhn s, tr l{ gim c v h tr hnh chnh Vn

phng ring cho phng vn v nhn vin t vn Phng cho cc
kha o to hoc hp nhn vin
Phng y t nh

Ca ra vo, my chm cng, v anh ninh

Li vo nhn vin ring bit t khu vc nhn hng

Xc nh v tr my chm cng v vn phng an ninh ngay trong li vo ca nhn vin, kim
sot an ninh ca hnh lang dch v chnh

T kha v nh v sinh nhn vin

Cung cp trang thit b ring bit cho nam n, thng l 60% nam v 40%. C th c s
khc bit ty thuc vo a phng
C t kha ring cho nhn vin
Li vo ring bit n nh v sinh m khng i qua khu thay qun o

Phng n ung/ ngh ngi cho nhn vin

Quy caf gn bp. Nu bp khc tng th t gn khu thay qun o nhn vin Qun
caf c khu vc ch bin, lau ra v c my bn hng t ng
m bo kh nng phc v trong gi cao im

Nh ca nhn vin

Cung cp cn h cho ngi qun l

Trong trng hp cn thit, c cc cn h hai phng ng cho qun l cao cp v cn h mt
phng ng cho cn b cp di, khu k tc x cho cc nhn vin khc
Cung cp cc khu vc nh phng gii tr, git i t phc v, h bi v phng khch.
Cung cp cc c s sinh hot tn gio nu cn thit
Git i v phc v phng

Khu vc git i v dn phng l yu tt quan trng th 4 trong mt khu khch sn. Thm ch
nhng khu khch sn nh nht cng phi c kho cha v kim sot vi vc cho cc phng
ng (ra tri ging, khn tm, khn mt, ng). nhng khch sn c quy m nh (t hn
150 phng) c th gi ra dch v bn ngoi. Tuy nhin nhng khch sn c quy m ln
v resort th cn phi c khu git i ni b kim sot cht lng git i v gim gi thnh
hot ng ni chung.

Khu vc git i v dn phng lin h khng kht vi nhau v nn t gn nhau mc d chng

159
 c qun l ring bit. Thm ch khi khu vc git i khng c trong khch sn th vn c
hng mc kho cha thu gom d v nhn li, lu tr sch chun b phc v.
Chc nng chnh ca phng git i l lm sch v phn pht vi (linen) n phng ng
(bao gm ging v phng tm), cc trang b bng vi cn phi thay ca nh hng, phng
tic, bp v ca khch ng thi trang phc ca nhn vin.

Cc lu khi thit k:

Khu git i

m bo chu k git i hp l v lin tc.

Xem xt cc gii php tit kim nng lng nh l phc hi nhit cho tt c thit b. Cung
cp dch v git kh cc resort sang trng.
C cc khoang cha (c kha) cho cc cht git ty.

Khu phc v phng (House keeping)

B tr vn phng c th quan st c khu kho phc v phng v c khu git i.

Khu vc git i ng phc nhn vin tch ra khi dy chuyn git i chnh v c lin h n
phng thay ca nhn vin.
C cc kho vi vc (linen storage) ring i vi cc khu khc nhau nh l khu m thc, khu
spa/ chm sc sc khe.
Cung cp cc khu ring bit cho nhn vin lm ca m tip cn cc trang thit b v
ngun cung.

Din tch ca cc khu ny trong khong 0.9-1.3m2/ phng ng bi a s nhu cu v git i

xut pht t khi ng. i vi th loi Resort cao cp th nhu cu git i i vi tng phng l
rt ln do s dng nhiu cc dch v cng cng v cc trang thit b cao cp. i vi trong
khch sn th nn c t tng tp ca khch sn gim nguy c ting n v rung.

Khu vc k thut (ME Engineering and Mechanical Areas)

Gm 3 chc nng: vn phng k thut, phng sa cha v bo tr, v thit b c kh

in.

Trong thc t, cc phng ny c th c t chc dc theo mt hnh lang dch v ring bit
kim sot v gim st tt hn. Tuy nhin, duy tr chc nng hot ng k thut
24h/ngy, phi kt ni trc tip n khu vc nh phc v v thang my dch v. N s thun
li cho vic nhp thit b v vt liu cn thit cho hot ng k thut.

Yu cu 0.3 0.5m2/ phng ng. Ty thuc vo cc yu t nh kh hu, chng loi, kch

thc ca khch sn, nh hng xy dng, v mc tiu hot ng, khu ny c th chim

160
 n 4% tng din tch xy dng.

Cc hng mc thit k:

Vn phng

Khu vc th k{ kim sot li ra vo, xut nhp trang thit b.

Nhm k s, tr l{ vn phng, kho lu bn v b tr quanh bn lm vic trung
tm. Nhm my tnh qun l{ nng lng theo yu cu.

Ca hng bo tr v sa cha

Xng g v sn nn b tr gn nhau
Cung cp h thng ng x t xng sn (bi sn) v xng g
(mn ca). Cung cp my pht in d phng.
nh sn cc khu cho bn tr ngoi tri

Thit b c kh, in, v h thng ng nc

Trong khch sn, cc khu c kh t cch khu s dng ca khch t nht 5m

tnh theo chiu cao tng ting n v rung khng nh hng nhiu.
Cung cp cc phng an ton cho ng dy in thoi, v cho h thng ng-
ten truyn hnh, video/phim.
Xc nh v tr cc phng thit b ln cho hp l, c th c thay th d
dng.

3.3.7 . H BI SPA

Cc dng hnh hc ca h bi:

H bi dng hnh hc c bn, k h :

Jaco Beach Amangiri 161

Resort Resort
 H bi c ng nt uyn chuyn

The Lake Spa Resort Pandanus Resort

H bi c ng nt m phng t nhin
Shangri-la Rasa Ria Resort Silavadee Pool Spa Resort

Cc lu trong thit k h bi
Hu nh tt c cc cng ty qun l khch sn yu cu nh u t xy dng h bi, mc
th kch c c th rt a dng. H bi nn c ngn tch tng i vi cc khng
gian cng cng khc (nu l trong khc sn thng thng), i vi resort bin. H bi
c th c b tr m hn nhiu. Khi thit k h bi c th cn nhc cc im sau:

a im: t h bi v v tr ph hp sao cho khch n h bi khng phi bng

qua snh n tip, mt s phng ng c th c hng nhn ra h bi.
B cc: t h bi v tr m c th nhn c nh nng trc tip vo gia sng v
chiu t Kch c: H v ch tm nng vi phc v lng ngi trong resort,
khng nn nh hn (6x12m), v t nht l (3m) pool eck c 4 cnh.
Chc nng ph tr: Cung cp nh v sinh, thay , t gi , khu vc cung cp khn
tm, quy bn thc n nh hoc my bn hng t ng, v kho cha trang thit b
h bi v bn gh. Yu t an ton: Khng cung cp tm bt ln, pool deck chng
trt, c lp t nh sng di nc, c cc du hiu v quy nh ca h bi.

162
 H ngm (wading pool) v h si (whirlpool): B tr trong tm nhn ca h bi
chnh nhng tng i tch ra.

H bi trong nh: C th thit k mi ng m c hoc tng knh mang nh

sng t nhin v thng thong vo bn trong.

Mt bng h bi tp trung ca mt resort kh ln vi din tch pool deck rng ri. Kt hp khu
thay mt bn v khu bar mt bn. C bn si v h ngm cho thiu chi b tr bn cnh.

K thut h bi
Mt h bi, mc d kh n gin v mt to hnh nhng nhng vn k thut v thi cng
l rt kh khn. Bn di h bi c tham b h thng bm, ht v lc nc lin tc. Nc
ny c th c s l ha cht, iu ha nhit v ha vi nc mi trc khi a li vo
h. Bn cnh , vic chng thm v xy ng cho cn bng pool deck c hiu qu th
gic nh { (c bit trong h bi thot trn).

163
Cc tng trong thit k h bi

164
H bi sinh thi l dng h bi s dng c ch lc ca t nhin. H thng lc nc hot
ng nh hnh bn di, cho nc bn i qua mt mi trng lc nc bao gm ct si, sau
nc sch li c bm vo h. Ngoi ra, cy thy sinh cn gp phn ln vo vic thanh
lc v lng ng t nhin. Kt qu s to ra l nc c mu ru do nhng thnh phn sinh,
thc vt t nhin c trong nc to nn. Loi h ny mc d c th khng c a chung
v tnh v sinh nhng thm m cao. C th ng dng ny nh l h cnh quan hoc h sui
khong trong spa.

165
 To ra cc ch nm v ngi ngm nc trong h bi l th php ph bin to ra s
th v trong tri nghim ca ca khch hng. Mt khc, lm nn s phong ph trong cnh
quan. Thng cc v tr ny c to thnh nhm cho khong 8 ngi tr li. Gia cc
nhm c ngn cch tng i nh l tng, tc phm iu khc hoc cy xanh.

Tri: Silavadee Pool Spa Resort

Phi: Four Seasons Resort, Langkawi, Malaysia

Di tri v phi: Marriott Mumbai Resort

166
Nc l mt cht liu c kh nng dn truyn nh sng. V tnh cht ny ln s kt hp
ca nc v nh sng c th to ra nhng hiu ng th v, i vi c mt nc tnh, v
mt nc ng v c dng nc chy.

S truyn sng ca nc Mt nc tnh v nh sng

Bn v mt ct thit k h nc c y knh bn trn mt khng gian th t Golden

ave. Hiu qu to ra mi s chuyn ng ca mt nc khin khng gian bn di tr
nn th v hn.

167
3.4. CC PHONG CCH THIT K RESORT

Chnh vt liu trong thit k resort to nn cc phong cch kin trc khc nhau trong
resort.
C 4 loi phong cch c phn loi da trn vt liu:
- Phong cch hin i.
- Phong cch sinh thi.
- Phong cch khai thc nhng yu t truyn thng.
- Phong cch hightech.

2.1.1. Phong cch hin i

S dng vt liu nh knh, g, b tng,...

Kt hp s dng vt liu hi ha, n gin, thanh lch,... Phong cch hin i khai sinh t tn
thi Mies Van der Rode v Le Corbusier (cch y gn trm nm) qua nh cao ca n. Kin
trc ng i ngy nay khng cn tun th mt cch kh cng nhng nguyn l ca ch
ngha cng nng ngy trc nhng nhng gi tr tuyt vi ca kin trc hin i nh mt bng
t do, mt ng t do, form follows function l tinh thn ca nhng khng gian ngh dng
ng i ngy nay. c bit trong kin trc khch sn, ni m kin trc hin i mi to nn
sn chi ca s t hp khi v s dng vt liu. Nhng nguyn l ca kin trc hin i mi,
theo quan im ca em, ph hp vi nhng ngi lm kinh doanh, u t vo nhng g va
phi, cn thit, t c hiu qu cao nht. S n gin trong kin trc hin i v nhng
a con ca n, t di bn tay ca khi c thit k chuyn nghip s mc d n gin,
nhng l tinh t ch khng nhm chn.

Alila
Resor
t

168
2.1.2. Phong cch sinh thi

+ S dng vt liu c sn a phng.

+ Ty vo tng vng s c tng loi vt liu c trng v ph hp vi kh hu ni .
+ V d: vng kh hu lnh thng s dng vt liu bng betong hoc g. S dng
knh ly nng v gi m. kh hu nng kh tng t c tc dng cch nhit rt ln, gi
cho nhit trong cng trnh mc n nh. kh hu nhit i vt liu lp mi truyn
thng thng l rm, l hoc ngi...
+ Vi mc tiu l bo tn v pht trin bn vng, nhm kin trc AW tm cch xy dng
mt khu ngh dng khng ph trng m thu ht s ch ca mi ngi n h sinh thi
v thin nhin y.
+ Vt liu g v lao ng xy dng u c ly a phng.
+ C th s dng nhng vt liu c trng ca a phng vo thit k.
+ Mi phng u c thit k sao cho c th s dng ti a thng gi t nhin.
Vic tn dng c ngun vt liu c trng ti a phng cng gp phn lm gim c
chi ph xy dng, gii quyt c bi ton kinh t trong kin trc. Ngoi ra, vic s dng vt
liu ti a phng gp phn tn bn sc vn ha a phng .
Kin trc mi bng, mng tng ln, dy. Vt liu ch yu l , si,

Resort Anantara Xishuangbanna v Spa ta lc ni Hengduan, tnh Vn Nam (Yunnan).

a phng ny l ni sinh sng ca ngi Dai vi ni ting bi v trng tc v nhng l hi
y mu sc nh l l t nc gi l Songkran. Xishuangbanna rt giu c v mt t nhin
vi rng ma nhit i, nhiu chng loi thc ng vt qu him nh l voi hu , vn vn
ang sinh sng quanh . Du khch ti y c th thoi mi khm vi rng rm v th hoang
nhng vn c m bm v nhng tin nghi cao cp ca mt resort

2.1.3 Phong cch khai thc yu t truyn thng

+ Mang mt phong cch kin trc phn nh truyn thng ca Vit Nam.

169
 + S dng h thng khung g chu lc, m phng h kt cu truyn thng ca Vit Nam
nhng c gin lc bt.
+ Mt bng thit k da trn tinh thn khng gian ca ngi nh truyn thng mi lp l.

- Nhiu resort thng hng n nhng phong cch kin trc truyn thng a khch v
gn vi thin nhin, trnh xa ci n o ca cuc sng th nh b tr nhng ngi nh c
vi mi ngi; tng gch; ct, ko bng g v c gam mu ti, mang v c knh. Ngoi ra,
ni tht bn trong c s dng cc chi tit trang tr, mu sc, vt dng truyn thng gi
nhc.
- Kin trc bn a, c th l mt hnh nh v cng quen thuc i vi ngi dn a
phng, nhng i vi nhng ngi du lch kt hp c tm hiu v vn ha, th nhng
resort m cht bn a l ni chn h a thch nht v va c th th gin ngh ngi v
ng thi bit thm nhiu iu v con ngi, tp qun, v nhng tinh yu trong vn
ha, ngh thut ca t x

Bali l vng t c kin trc n

th a
phng rt c trng vi kiu mi
l c t xch cn i. Ly li ng
chiu kch , resort 5 sao
Vinceroy Bali ly hnh dng
v vn mi cho cho kin
trc chi ngh ca mnh, s dng
cng cht liu cho mi v cu trc
, ch khc l bin i n thnh
mt khng gian th gin vi gi
nm v bn cafe. y l im
nhn tuyt vi cho cnh

quan ca resort ni lng chng

ni.

170
- Nhng vt liu thng c x dng nh: tre, g, l tranh, ,Thng s dng nhng vt
liu c b mt sn si nhm to cht cm cho cng trnh, a con ngi tr v cng thin
nhin, trnh xa cuc sng n o ni thnh ph.

Vt liu c s dng trong I resort Bnh Dng, Vit Nam

2.1.4. Phong cch hightech.

+ Nm v tr thun li v thi tit, cnh quan c o, mi l. Gip con ngi tn hng
cm gic phn khch, tha mn tr tng tng.
+ S dng cng ngh - k thut cao, nhng trang thit b sang trng trong ni tht cng trnh.
+ Hnh thc kin trc a dng, hnh khi c s dng c dng kh ng hc, mang nhiu
ngha biu tng.
+ Phong cch higtech trong thit k khng ch nm vn v vt liu quyt nh m cn
do a hnh , cnh quan hp dn to ra phong cch ny. Cc a hnh ny nh: a hnh
ni him tr, a hnh trong lng i dng.
Nhng cng trnh theo phong cch hitech s dng nhng vt liu mi, vi nhng tnh nng
mi, bn cao nh thp, knh cng lc,

3.5. XU HNG THIT K RESORT NGY NAY

1.4.1. Xu hng bn a

c im: Tn dng nn kin trc bn a hoc gi li kin trc bn a bng hnh thc, vt
liu, ha tit trang tr, phong cch, trang phc, cy xanh.

Mc ph bin: kh ph bin trn ton th gii

171
BORA BORA LAGOON RESORT

Nm trn mt hn o nh thuc qun o Leeward ca Php trn bin Thi Bnh Dng l
Resort mang m phong cch kin trc nhit i v vt liu a phng vi mi lp l, dung vt
liu g ch yu l g da, tre, c. Mi l cao, dc, nh sn, h thng v ko, ct,

Cc c dn y ch yu sng nh vo du lch. Ngoi cnh bin tuyt p ra, o cn c cc

c sn khc nh da, hi sn
Bora Bora rt ni ting vi ln nc trong xanh v di ct trng mn mng quanh o.

FOUR SEASONS RESORT SHARM EL SHEIKH

172
Nm vng Sinai, Ai Cp vi kin trc mi bng, mng tng ln, che nng bng vi dy,
sang, vt liu ch yu l , si,.

TROIS COURONNES CHALET _ THY S

173
Nm vng Sonalon ca Verbier, Thy S vi kh hu lnh gi, kin trc c trng y l nh
mi dc bng g thng, khng gian bao quanh l si, vi nhiu lng th, bp la .

1.4.2. Xu hng sinh thi

c im: cc khi ng gn lin vi thin nhin ni t resort, tit kim nhin liu, bo v mi
trng,

Mc ph bin: kh ph bin cc vng thin nhin cn cha b tc ng nhiu bi con

ngi .

LUXURY SAFARI LODGE TONGABEZI_ VICTORIA FALLS_ ZAMBIA

Nm khu vc thc Victoria, Zambia

174
GIRAFFE MANOR_ NAIROBI_ KENYA

1.4.3. Xu hng theo hnh thc

c im: Thng chy theo hnh thc bn ngoi, sa hoa, lng ly, honh trng, t tin,

175
Mc ph bin: bnh thng

ICE RESORT_ JUKKASJARVI_THY IN

Nm vng bng gi Thy in, nn ton b vt liu u lm bng bng vi chm khc tinh t
v t m n tng chi tit

OBEROI UDAIVILAS RESORT Nm Rajasthan, n

1.4.4.Xu hng Cng ngh cao

176
1.4.4.Xu hng thin

177
 cp n ring kin trc Thin (Zen Architecure), tc l cp n li kin trc c rt ni
ting vi cc cha chin, tu vin, vn l nhng i din tiu biu cho mt mi trng sng
m cht Thin nht. Nht bn l t nc rt ni ting vi li sng Thin phn no n
vo tm thc ngi dn bn a, hnh nh v nhng Thin s bn thm khu vn kh, hay
ngi ung tr trong gian phng nhn ra khu vn Nht mt ri t lu l i din cho li
sng Zen ca Nht. M c l cng v Thin s u tin m ngi phng Ty bit c l
ngi Nht, nn Thin tng trong ting Anh c gi l ZEN di cch pht m ca ngi
Nht.

Cch y hn 50 nm, kin trc hin i (m ct li l kin trc cng nng) pht trin ra mi
ngc ngch ca th gii v nhanh chng mang tn Kin trc Quc T. Th nhng, kin trc
ti gin v cng nng sm b ph phn bi s nhm chn v tch ly khi bi cnh, truyn
thng vn ha ca n. Hu du ca kin trc hin i, vi ci tn kin trc ng i tr
nn linh hot hn trong nguyn tc. Mt mt vn gi li nhng ngn ng v nt thm m ca
kin trc hin i, mt mt tip thu v lng ghp nhng yu t vn ha bn a mt cch
kho lo. Ngy nay, c nhiu resort mang nhng phong cch nh ng i Trung Hoa,
ng i Thi Lan, ng i Nht. Th phong cch Thin ng i cng tng t, vi
kin trc mng khi t do, n gin, r rng nhng ly cm hng t nhng c trng ca
vn ha Thin phng ng (m trong Thin Nht Bn l mt thnh vin tiu biu).

S kt hp ny, cho php con ngi trong bi cnh ngy nay tri nghim mt cht nt vn
ha tm linh A ng trong mt ngi nh hin i. Mt khng gian Thin ng i ni chung,
thng mang trong mnh nhng yu t sau:

Cht liu t nhin

Mu sc trung tnh

S ti gin, ng nt gy gn, tinh gin

Khng gian m v trong sng

Trng cht lng hn s lng

Cm gic trm tnh

Cc phn tch v sau trong khng gian kin trc v thit k ni tht u da trn nhng yu
t trn. Nhng tnh cht trn l s tng hp t nhiu ngun khc nhau, tuy c s dng t
ng biu t khc nhng u quy v cc c im chung.

ng nt kin trc

Ngn ng n gin, d hiu v nhn ra nht trong Thin chnh l trm tnh, n gin v nh
nhng.

178
S tinh gin trong ng nt v tnh i xng c hiu qu to nn s tnh ti. Hnh nh bn
di l mt v d rt gn vi tinh thn ca Thin ng i vi cu trc n gin. vn
ca mi kt hp vi c thp v mng vin mi to gip cho cu trc t c s
thanh tao, nh nhng. S i xng ca b tr nh sng, ni tht v phn l lng trn mt
nc cng lm mnh cm gic ny.

Hnh thc mi c c dc thp v vn xa

thng to cm gic tnh ti. iu ny c th
c l{ gii bi hiu qu th gic to ra t
hng mi chn to ra t ng vin mi.
Hiu qu ny cng c nhn mnh khi kt
hp vi gc nhn i xng.

Hnh bn phi l mt cu trc khng nhng

nh nhng m cn thanh thot do vin mi
hi cong ln trn bn gc.

179
The Won Dharma Center l khu ngh dng
retreat New York, ly trng tm vo s cn bng
ca i sng hng ngy v tp trung vo t nhin.
Mc tiu l xy dng mt qun th cng trnh ngay
gia bi cnh thin nhin cn hoang s con
ngi hc cch trn trng v nhn ra nhng gi tr
ca t nhin. Cng trnh l nhng khi nh xy dng
thp tng phn tn. Kin trc cc k n gin
nhng thong ng. Ngn ng kin trc hin i vi
tng trng, ca v lam g ch thun nhng nt x
dc v chy ngang.

Khng gian snh dnh cho ngi thin s dng th

php ct cnh vi mt khe nh st sn nhn ra
bn ngoi. l v tr m tm mt hng n trong
trng thi nhm h ca qu trnh tnh tm.

180
Phong cch Thin vn rt tit ch trang tr, tuy nhin c th c trnh s trng
rng, qu nhm chn. Nhng vt dng trang tr cho khng gian Thin ng i c
th l nhng vt c th trong li sinh hot truyn thng ca Thin nh l tng
pht, su chui hay nhng bc thanh mang ch lin quan, b pha tr, chu bonsai.
Nhng vt dng ny c th ngay lp tc mang cm gic lin quan n Thin. Tuy
nhin, mt s vt vn qu c trng trong mt bi cnh truyn thng, khi a
vo khng gian ng i th tr nn gng p. Nu thit k mt ngi nh bnh
thng v mua tht nhiu nhng trang tr ch Thin v t vo gi l
phong cch Thin th cha phi l hng tip cn v mt bn cht. Nh vy, khi s
dng vt dng trang tr trong truyn thng th nn cht lc, cch iu i mang
ng nt mi nhng tinh thn c, hoc ch n thun l cc trang tr thng
thng nh lu, vi, bnh hoa, tranh nh ca cc nc phng ng, iu
khc ni chung l .

V d cho cch tip cn cha ng bn cht i

vi kin trc Thin ng i. Mc d a mt
tng Pht to vo khng gian ny ngay lp tc
cho ta bit c ch m m ngi thit k
mun t c. Tuy nhin, nhng thnh phn cn
li trong phng khng h tr tnh thin vi ca
c qu nhiu chi tit trang tr, n treo tng l
181
 Kin trc Thin ng Kin trc Ti
i (Contemporary Gin
Zen) (Minimalism)
Ging nhau Hng n s n gin, c ng
Gim thiu trang tr
n nt gy gn
Mu sc s dng cht lc
Trn trng mi lin h vi mi trng t nhin
Tn trng bn cht t nhin ca vt liu

Xut pht t nhu cu tm linh, Xut pht t nhu cu gii phng

Khc nhau loi b nhng th khng cn
thit.
Mang cm gic ca mt khng
gian A ng
S dng mu sc thuc tng trm
to cm gic d chu, bnh yn.
khng gian, tch hp cc chc nng
vo trong mt dng.
Thun ty l kin trc Quc t
vi s loi b nhng yu t bn
a
C th s dng mt mu vi mu
vi mc tng phn mnh, to
im nhn.

182
4. CC TIU CHUN V S LIU THIT K RESORT

Hotel Design, Planning and Development (Second Edition)

Khi cng cng
Bn thng k cho thy tiu chun din tch ca Cc khi cng cng. Theo , Resort
bin l loi hnh tng i cao cp c tt c cc hng mc chc nng cng cng
u nm trong mc va phi (Moderate) n ln (Large).

Quy nh v mc nh - va ln i vi tng hng mc

Nh: 0.55-0.93 m2/phng cho snh; 0.7 ch/ ph ng cho n ung; 2 ch/ ph ng i vi
khng gian chc nng; h nh v c khu phc hi sc khe i nhng thiu cc chc nng
khc; 0.7 xe/ phng.

Va phi: 0.55 0.93 m2/ phng cho snh; 0.7-1.2 ch/ ph ng cho n ung; 2-4 ch/
ph ng i vi khng gian chc nng; h, khu spa, khu phc hi sc khe v cc khu chc
nng khc; 0.7 1.2 xe/ phng.

183
 Ln: >0.93 m2/phng cho snh; >1.2 ch/ ph ng cho n ung; >4 ch/ ph ng i vi
khng gian chc nng; khu vui chi bao gm spa v cc tin ch m rng; >1.2 xe/phng. Mt
phi dng khch sn c yu cu thm ch xe cho xe bus.
Nh hng

Bng th hin quy m ca Nh hng (s ch) v Bar i vi cc quy m khch sn

khc nhau (tnh theo s phng)

Bng tiu chun ti thiu v quy m ca cc dng nh hng v bar khc nhau

(nh hng phc v 3 ba, nh hng c sn, nh hng cao cp, nh hng

184
Trung Hoa, nh hng bn mang i, kem v thc n nhanh, snh ca bar,
bar khu th thao, quy cocktail) vi n v (m2/ch)

Khu chm sc sc khe,

Spa

Bng tiu chun ti thiu ca

cc hng mc chm sc sc
khe trong cc khu vc (h
bi, cu lc b chm sc
sc khe, phng tp, spa,
cc dch v khc,) n v
m2

Bng cho bit din tch

thay i vi quy m
khch sn 150 v 250 ch.

Lu : (a) Din tch ny bao

gm khu khn tm, gi ,
tm, ra tay, v sy tay. (b)
Cc trang thit b khc c th
yu cu cho thnh vin cu
lc b vi tiu chun 0.9m2/
ngi.

185
 Bi xe
Tiu chun bi xe ca cc th loi khch sn khc nhau. Theo , Resort c quy
m bi xe c h s ang dng v ty thuc nhiu vo nhng yu t khc nh l th
trng, v tr, khong cch n trung tm hay cc im thu ht du lch.

.Tiu chun v phng ng lin k

Bng tiu chun din tch ca cc khng gian trong phng ng (Smin) vi cc
hng khch sn : hng thp (budget), hng trung (first class), hng nht (first
class), xa hoa (luxury)

Lu : Khu vc ph ng khch l ph ng chnh t i ph ng tm, t gi , v khu

thay .

Phng ng hng thp (budget guestroom) c th bao gm bn tm nm (hoc

tm ng) toilet, chu ra thng c kt hp vi khu thay .

Khu tip tn

186
Bng tnh ton chiu di quy , s quy v din tch ca khu vc tip tn.

Lu : (a) Chiu di nu trn bao gm c khu vc thng tin v hng dn khc.

nhng khch sn ln hn c th chia thnh cc bn c lp.

(b) S quy l dnh cho dch v ng k v tnh tin. Quy trung tm l

phc v ph 2 bn trong trng hp cn thit.
(c) Din tch nu trn bao gm din tch ca bn, khng gian lm vic v h
thng t k pha sau. (khng tnh khu vc ca khch).
(d) Trng hp c 1-2 quy th mi quy m nhim a chc nng, bao
gm c trc in thoi.

.Khu v sinh cng cng

Khu vn phng qun l

187
Lu : (a) S din tch/ph ng xut ct 1 l dnh cho khch sn 4 sao c 250-
500 phng.

(b) Phng qun l tr lng (payroll manager) c t gn khu vc k

ton.

Bng tiu chun din tch v hng mc chc nng bn trong

cc khi qun l

188
NGHIN CU CHUYN SU :

5. C S VN HA TRONG THIT K KIN TRC RESORT

Kin trc bn a ni ln rt nhiu iu v vn ha, phong tc, tp qun, t nhin ca

ni m n sinh ra. Nhng hnh thc, cu trc, vt liu, c s dng trong kin trc
bn a, kin trc truyn thng mt hng trm, thm ch hng ngn nm chuyn
ha, thch ng vi nhng tc ng ca t nhin. V v th, n l tng thch nht, l i
din tt nht cho vng t, cho con ngi. V th, kin trc bn a hay kin trc truyn
thng l mt ch c khai thc mnh m trong hng mc kin trc resort. i vi
nhng ngi khch phng xa du lch xuyn Quc gia, ngoi du cu v ngh
dng, h cn mong mun tm hiu, khm ph nhng ci hay, ci p ca con
ngi, li sng nc bn. Kin trc bn a a vo resort l mt cch rt hu
hiu p ng li nhu cu .
5.1. KHAI THC KIN TRC V VN HA DN TC TRONG THIT K
RESORT

5.1.1. Khi qut

Gn lin vi tin trnh lch s ca Vit Nam ta l s hnh thnh v pht trin ca cc dn
tc dc chiu di t nc. Mi dn tc u mang trong mnh nhng c trng vn ha
ring trong i sng vt cht v vt cht. Khi n vi vng ni Ty Nguyn i ngn hng
v, ta khng th no khng k n nhng ng bo dn tc sinh sng ni y, trong
c ngi -. Nhc n dn tc ny, ta s d dng ngh n ngay hnh nh nhng
ngi nh di gn 100m, t lu c v von l "di nh ting ching ngn". C th ni,
nh di - l mt trong nhng c trng tiu biu v in hnh nht, th hin mnh m
nhng nt vn ha, x hi v i sng vt cht, tinh thn c o trong cuc sng sinh
hot ca dn tc -

CC YU T VN HA :

- Cch thc hot ng sn xut

Ty Nguyn: vng pht trin kinh t t ti nguyn rng, t bazan, ngun nc

c th pht trin kiu resort kt hp cc dch v tri nghim sn bt, hi lm

189
- Cch thc t chc x hi c truyn

Hnh thnh t chc bun, lng (mi 1 b lc hay b tc ca 1 dn tc sng c lp vi

nhau trong cc bun lng kt cu sng nh Rng trung tm nhng gia nh nh sn
xung quanh)

Vn hc ngh thut

Hai di sn vn ha qu gi ca cc dn tc Ty Nguyn l s thi v cng ching.

Cng ching Ty Nguyn khng ch c ngha v mt vt cht cng nh nhng gi tr v

ngh thut n thun m n cn l "ting ni" ca con ngi v ca thn linh theo quan
nim "vn vt hu linh

190
 Tn ngng phong tc ,l hi

Ni y t xa xa c nhng tn ngng nh bi vt gio (Festishism), t tem gio

(Totemism).

Hin nay Ty Nguyn c 4 tn gio chnh ang hot ng bnh thng l: Cng gio,
Pht gio, Tin lnh, Cao i

Cch thc n ,mc,,phng tin i li

- Trang phc: ph n trong vng qun vy, nam ng kh vi hoa vn trang tr nhiu
mu sc.

- m thc: nguyn liu ch yu ca cc mn n mang m sc thi ni rng. Ni y

ni ting vi cc mn nng v ru cn. Nh hng chuyn cc mn n ni rng trong
resort,nh hng ngoi tri cho tic nng...

191
Khu vc Ty Nguyn c nhiu dn tc sinh sng to nn nhiu nt vn ha, kin trc
c sc.

Vd: Kin trc nh rng, nh sn, nh m

Nh rng v nh sn l 2 kiu kin trc kh c bit Ty Nguyn

192
 Bn cnh dn tc - cng c mt kin trc c bit l nh di.

KIN TRC NH DI PHN NH X HI, T TNG CA NGI -

V x hi

Nh di th hin tp qun sng chung ba hoc bn th h trong mt ngi nh

193
ca ngi -. H rt t khi lm nh mi thay cho nh c, nu c thm ngi

th ni phn sau nh di thm.

Nh di l mt biu tng ca ch mu h.

Nh c xy theo ca ngi n b trng.

Khi ngi con gi ly chng s c ni thm phn nh vo sau.

Cu thang biu tng ngi nh do chnh ngi n b chn la.

V t tng

Nh di th hin c tp tc v tn ngng ca ngi - . l:

Ngi c tp qun l khi i ng th u quay v hng ng

v chn quay v hng Ty. Do nh di theo hng Bc Nam.

Cu thang nh ca ngi lun c o bng tay v thng c

trang tr bng hnh hai nh hoa (trng th hin tn ngng phn thc r rt

ca ngi ) v hnh trng khuyt.

Cc ct, ko thng o gt, trang tr bng hnh nh cc con vt

nh voi, ba ba, k ... vi quan nim a li may mn cho gia nh.

NH DI L KIU KIN TRC PH HP VIIU KIN T NHIN V KH

HU TY NGUYN

194
 NH DI TH HIN R TNH DN TC CA NGI -

V mt hnh thc : Nh di gn b vi hnh thc con ngi ni y ,l ni mi

ngi t hp sinh hot, to gn kt vi nhau.

vd: l hi cng ching, ung ru cn

Ngi nh di ca ngi chnh l biu tng cho s gn b ca con ngi - vi

sng ni, vi mnh t Ty Nguyn .

V mt ni dung

Th hin r trong vic sp xp ni tht, thit b

Gh di ni hi t ca gia nh hoc l ni tip khch

195
 Lun c mt gc cc chum ru v cng ching

Trng c, trng ci, n du th hin s quyn qu, giu c

196
5.1.2. KIN TRC NH DI

B cc quy hoch mt bng tng th :

S cc yu t tc ng n s hnh thnh v pht trin ca bun ln

197
 S bo tn bun lng truyn thng

Mt bng kin trc

Mi u nh c mt sn sn, sn sn pha ca chnh c gi l sn khch

198
 H khung kt cu

Kin trc c trng :

Nh thng dng nh theo hng Bc - Nam a s c 2 mi,t thy nh 4 mi, rt di

(15-100 m), v thng l ni sinh sng ca c mt dng h.
Nh c th ni di ra khi mt thnh vin n xy dng gia tht.
Nh di truyn thng thng c xy dng bng vt liu g tre, na hay lp mi
tranh
Nh c nh mi cch sn nh chng 45 m.
Gm sn cao khong hn 1 m.

Gm sn kh cao phng th d, v c th nui vt nui

199
 Mi

Nh di lm bng g, c mi kh cao.

Mi lp c tranh nh rt dy, trn 20 cm, thng ch lm mt ln v s dng vnh vin

200
 Chi tit trang tr

Cu thang ci c hoa tit l 2 bu sa v mt trng (c trng cho ch mu h) dng

cho m, v, con gi v khch. Cu thang ny thng c s bc l 5 hoc 7 (s may mn
theoquan nim).

Cu thang c c dng ring cho chng, con trai v con r, khng quan trng nn
khng

king c s bc.

Cu thang ln nh l mt nt c trng ca ngi E- .

Cc ha tit v c trong nh di thng lm bng g ,ng,gm ...

201
Gh Kpan biu tng sung tc

202
 Vt liu v mu sc

Nh di kh thong mt v ma h v vt liu lm nh ch yu ly t thin nhin.:

tre,na,g...

Nh c thng vch v lt sn bng cc phn na p nt

203
Ly mu sc v hoa vn lm im nhn trn nn vt liu a phng

Cc tng mu ch o trong th cm : Ch tng mu nng

204
NG NT, HOA VN CN BN

- an chiu, trang tr vi dt th cm, dng (con dao, hp ng thuc l, ng iu,...),

trang sc (vng bc,...) vi nhng nt thng, hnh thoi, vung, ch chi,...hoa vn a
dng trnh by hnh nh mt tri, mt trng, ngi sao, vy i mi, ci gi go, m chim,
b tranh lp nh, cnh con rui, rng con tru, con d...

5.1.4. NHNG C TRNG KHC

205
 nh sng

Cnh quan

Kin trc cng cng

5.2. KHAI THC YU T VN HA BN A TRONG THIT K KHI NG

Vn ha ca resort c th hin rt a dng nhiu hnh thc khc nhau, ta c th chia

thnh cc nhm chnh sau y:
206
-Hnh thc khi ng

-Cc vt dng, tranh nh, tng trang tr...

-Vt liu

-Hot ng phc v

HNH THC KHI NG

cc nc thuc vng nhit i, ma nhiu, ta thy kin trc ch yu y da

vo cc vt liu l tre, da, c,...
Nh my dc, lp l mng, nh sn

Nhiu khong m ht mc c th, ca s ln

Cc resort thuc cc vng lnh gi Bc u th li l kin trc mi dc dy, tng

dy

Lm bng g thng, tng

Cn cc sa mc, hoang mc, th hnh thc kin trc thng l

Mi bng, thng phng, nu hn ch m ca s ln .

- Vt liu thng l t, ,...

207
 CC VT DNG, TRANG TR, TRANH NH,...

Cc resort nhit i thng cc vt dng lm bng tre, na, g da, n gin, khng cu
k

Ngc li, cc resort ca cc nc nh n , Campuchia, Thi Lan,... thng c rt

nhiu tng trang tr cc v thn, chm khc cu k, tinh so, hoa vn c trm tr
khp ni

Cc resort x lnh gi, bng tuyt th li c nhiu l si, ni t la

Cc vt dng nh mn, gi, thm thng c lm bng da th, lng dy, to cm gic
m p

208
Cc resort Trung ng tp trung s sa hoa, xa s, a cc chi tit hoa vn trung ng vo
ni tht, cc vt cu k, lng ly...

VT LIU:

Vng n i:

Kh hu lnh t ma, nn bungalow thng c dng mi dc cao lp ngi trnh tuyt

ng, vt liu bng betong hoc g. Thng s dng knh ly nng v gi m.

209
Vng sa mc:

Do c trng v kh hu, bin nhit thay i rt ln trong ngy m vn vt liu

y c quan tm ln. Ngoi cc khu resort theo xu hng sang trng, s dng cc vt
liu kt cu hin i, th cc resort theo xu hng truyn thng ch yu s dng t.
Tng t c tc dng cch nhit rt ln, gi cho nhit trong bungalow mc n
nh.

Vng nhit i gi ma:

Xut pht t i tng phc v v c trng vng min m mi resort s c phong cch
kin trc v vt liu ring cho mnh.

Ngi nng thn th hng n nhng sn gch bng long hay nhng khi nh to
ln, trong khi ngi thnh th vn chn ngn vi b tng, gch, knh kh khan th
s c xu hng tm v nhng th hoang s v dn d nh nh tranh vch t. T vt
liu s dng trong resort thng c hc tp t kin trc truyn thng a phng ni
n ta lc.

Xut pht t iu kin ma nhiu ca min nhit i nng m m cc bungalow hay villa
thng s dng dng mi dc v kt cu v ko l ch yu. Vt liu lp mi truyn thng
l rm, l hoc ngi. Do c trng vng min m mt s ni s dng dng nh sn xy
trn bin hoc sng em n cho du khch nhng tri nghim mi v cuc sng.

210
 Ngoi ra mt s ni thm ch s dng vt liu l tng t mang li cm gic hoang
s v gn gi vi thin nhin. Song song vic s dng cc trang thit b hin i cho
cc vt dng ni tht lm tng v sang trng cho khng gian ngh ngi.

S dng cc vt liu t nhin v kt cu truyn thng gip mang li cm gic th v v

gn gi cho du khch, nhng ng thi cng pht sinh nhiu vn c trng nh :
bn, cn trng, v sinh, m bo ring t,...

HOT NG PHC V

Cc resort nhit i tn dng v s phong ph ca tri cy sn c cc vng lm nt thu

ht cc khch du lch, tm bin, tm nng, d ln, tic nng ngoi tri l cc hnh thc
gii tr ph bin trong cc resort ny .

Vng lnh gi bc u th tn dng bng tuyt l nt thu ht chnh vi cc hot ng bng

ng, trt tuyt, ni tuyt,... c bit thi tit gi lnh nn ru mnh cng l mt nt
c sc cc resort ny

211
CNG TRNH :

Hnh bn l nhng khi villa ca mt khu resort Phillipines. T hp khi cng trnh a
dc trn nhng khi bt gic an vo nhau. Hnh thc dng nh ny tuy c v mi l
nhng thc cht ly cm hng t mt th loi nh bt gic dn gian lm bng tre vn
rt quen thuc i vi ngi Phillipines. Ton b cng trnh c lm t g v tre, mi
p l da hoc l c. iu ny xut pht t vic t nc Phillipines l mt nc phi
ng u vi nhiu ng t bo l.
Vt liu nh nh tre c s dng ph bin v khi xy ra v th nhng cu trc ny
khng qu nng m nh hng n sinh mng con ngi. L c v da vn l vt liu
rt ph bin a phng. Hn na vt liu ny to ra mt cu trc cch nhit rt nhiu
lp hu hiu trong vic che nng. Mi dc hn 45 l iu bt buc v mi l vn
khng kn nn nu khng c dc ln th nc ma s xm nhp vo bn trong.

Ngoi cu trc cng trnh. Nhng yu t v vn ha bn a cn biu hin nhiu kha

cnh khc trong thit k. Nhng trong trng hp Nam Hi resort vn rt ni ting v
vic p dng hnh thc nh rng vo cu trc bungalow v thay i mt cht ph
hp vi kin trc resort trong vic khai thc cnh quan. Tuy nhin cng c nhng chi tit

212
nh khc m trong thit k quan tm n m rt m nt Vit Nam.
Hnh bn di l gc nhn t li vo ca mt khi nh trong qun th resort Nam Hi. c
mt mt nc nh pha tc, bn trn t mt ci lu. Khi bc ln bc cp vo cng
trnh th khng i thng m phi r sang hai bn v c mt bc tng chn pha trc.
y l mt hnh thc tip cn c trng cho quan nim v phong thy trong cc nc
phng ng.

Vic trnh i thng tut

vo nh gip cho lun
vn ng (hay kh) tri
chy nh nhng vo
cng trnh. Ci lu v bc
tng chn hot ng
nh bc bnh phong,
ngn chn nhng lung
trc xung vo cng
trnh.

Cn v nhng yu t
trang tr, trong resort
Nam Hi, ta bt gp 2
hnh nh ci lu nc
bng cht liu gm v
ci chp
n c trang tr cu k
rt hu khp trong
cng trnh. Ci lu gm,
vn l mt vt dng rt
quen thuc trong i
sng ca ngi Vit
Nam xa, ngi ta dng
n ng thc go,
dng, mui mm,.
Cn nhng chp n
hnh trn l mt cch
lin h n nhng lng
n ni ting Hi An.
(Resort Nam Hi ta lc
gn ph c Hi An).

213
Mt Resort Intercontinental Nng mi c xy dng gn y cng l mt v d
c sc trong vic mang nhng sc thi bn a vo kin trc Resort. Kin trc nh
thit k qun th ny l ng hong Resort Bill Bensley. ng mang tm nim ging
nh Frank Lloyd Wright, thit k ton b n nhng chi tit nh b nht nh khn tri
bn, trang phc, n, t,
Hnh bn l gc nhn t
ngoi n snh ca
cng trnh. Ngay t u
tin nhn thy r
snh cng trnh ly cm
hng t nh ba gian
truyn thng vi hai
nhp gia l khung g,
cc x g m sang
mng tng c hai
bn cn c gi l
tng u hi.
Khi i vo bn trong
khn gian ni tht ta
cn bt gp nhng hnh
nh quen thuc khc
nh trong bc phng
ng bn di l nhng
con tin vn rt ph
bin trong nhng cn
nh vach g ngy xa.
Nhng con tin o gt
hnh chp v hnh cu
cch nhau c s
dng lm motif chung
v xut hin xuyn sut
trong cc chi tit ni tht
ca

ton khu. Tuy nhin mu sc c ci bin sang tng tng phn trng en ch
khng th mc nh kin trc truyn thng do y vn l cng trnh sang trng t tin,
cn thit phi c nhng yu t biu hin ng cp Resort hng u th gii.

214
Nh vy, mnh t cho khai thc nhng yu t bn a hay kin trc truyn thng vo kin
trc Resort l rt tr ph. Kin trc s Bill Bensley khi ng thit k resort Intercontinental
nng ha hn s mang tt c nhng tinh hoa t Vit vo trong lng cng trnh. V
thc nh th, tng c th biu hin t ci ln nht cho n nhng ci nh b nht. V
trong mt resort thnh cng vi nhng yu t bn a, khch du lch ngay khi khm ph khu
resort, h khm ph c mt thnh ph, mt t nc.

5.3. NH GI

- Tuy mang trong mnh nhng ngha v tm quan trng nht nh trong bn sc vn ha
dn tc -, nhng ng tic thay khi gi y, vi s pht trin mnh m ca x hi, hnh
nh nhng ngi nh di y dn dn tr nn "xa l" ngay vi chnh dn tc -, bi v s
mt dn i ca n theo thi gian, thay vo l nhng ngi nh c xy kin c bng b-
tng ct thp nh ngi Kinh. ti ny s gp phn gip chng ta c nhng kin thc,
thng tin chn tht v chnh xc nht v nh di, t c ci nhn khch quan hn, nhn
thc ng n hn v ngha v tm quan trng ca n trong lch s vn ha, x hi ca
ngi -, ri gip ta phn no nh hng c nhng cch thc, phng php tt
nht, hiu qu nht trong vic bo tn v pht trin nh di - trong x hi hin naY.

Kin trc p khng ch v hnh thc v cng nng m n phi gn lin vi b dy

lch s vn ha ca dn tc hay vng t m n ng tr th mi tn ti bn vng v lu
di.

215
IV. DANH MC THAM KHO

Hotel Design 2013, Planning and Development - Richard H.Penner, Lawrence Adams, Stephani
K.A. Robson

Hotel Design, Planning and Development Walter A.Rules, Richard H.Penner, Lawrence Adams

Hotels and Resort Designs, Planning, Design and Refurbishment Fred Lawson

Artchitecture , Aisa

Botique Hotels

Hotel and Resort Deawoo Engineering and Construction

Hotels of the New Millennium

Luxury Hotels - Asia Pacific

Luxury Hotels - Beach resorts

Luxury Hotels - Spa & Wellness

Hotel and Restaurant Design

New Hotels Alejandro Bahamon

Resort & Hotel-Tropical Resorts

Top Hotel 3

Nguyn l thit k khch sn TS.KTS T Trng Xun

Tiu chun TCVN 4391-2009

Tiu chun TCVN 5065-1990

http://www.archdaily.com/

http://www.contemporist.com/

https://www.google.com/

https://wikipedia.org

Cc website ca cc khch sn trong v ngoi nc

216
217