2021년 고3 EBS 수능특강 영어 8단계 WORKBOOK 4강

2021년 고3 EBS 수능특강 영어 4강 WORKBOOK
본문 해석지
영문과 해석을 읽으며 문장의 의미를 파악합니다.
4강 - Exercise 01
Unless we are very, very careful, we doom each other by 우리가 매우, 매우 조심하지 않는다면, 우리
holding onto images of one another based on 는 결국 우리 자신 이외의 것에 대한 무관
심을 근거로 하는 선입견을 바탕으로 서로
preconceptions that are in turn based on indifference to
의 이미지를 고수함으로써 서로가 불행한
what is other than ourselves.
결말을 맞게 한다.
This indifference can be, in its extreme, a form of murder 이러한 무관심은 극단적인 경우에는 살인의
and seems to me a rather common phenomenon. 한 형태일 수 있고 내게는 다소 흔한 현상
처럼 보인다.
We claim autonomy for ourselves and forget that in so 우리는 자신을 위한 자율성을 요구하고, 그
doing we can fall into the tyranny of defining other 렇게 할 때 우리가 바라는 대로 다른 사람
을 규정하는 횡포에 빠질 수 있다는 것을
people as we would like them to be.
잊는다.
By focusing on what we choose to acknowledge in them, 우리가 그들에게서 인정하기로 선택한 것에

we impose an insidious control on them. 초점을 맞춤으로써, 우리는 그들에게 서서히
퍼지는 통제를 가한다.
I notice that I have to pay careful attention in order to 나는 다른 사람들을 본연의 모습으로 혹은
listen to others with an openness that allows them to be 그들이 생각하는 본연의 모습이 될 수 있게
하는 개방된 마음을 가지고 그들에게 귀를
as they are, or as they think themselves to be.
기울이기 위해서는, 세심한 주의를 기울여야
한다는 데 유의한다.
The shutters of my mind habitually flip open and click 내 마음의 덧문은 습관적으로 휙 젖혀져 열
shut, and these little snaps form into patterns I arrange 리고 딸깍 닫히는데, 이 작은 (마음의 덧문
이 습관적으로 열리고 닫히는) 딸깍거림은
for myself.
내가 나 자신을 위해 짜 놓는 방식을 형성
한다.
The opposite of this inattention is love, is the honoring of 이 부주의의 반대는 사랑이고, 다른 사람들
others in a way that grants them the grace of their own 에게 그들 자신의 자율성이라는 품위를 인
autonomy and allows mutual discovery. 정하고 상호 발견을 허용하는 방식으로 그
들을 존중하는 것이다.
- 1 -
WORKBOOK – Part 1 수능특강 영어 4강 - Exercise 01
Part 1. 빈칸 연습 (한글)
영문을 보고 우리말 해석의 빈칸을 완성하시오.
1. Unless we are very, very careful, we doom each other by holding onto images of one another
based on preconceptions that are in turn based on indifference to what is other than ourselves.1)
우리가 매우, 매우 조심______________, 우리는 ______________ 우리 자신 ______________ 것에 대한
______________을 근거로 하는 ______________을 ______________ 서로의 이미지를 ______________으로써 서로
가 불행한 ______________.
2. This indifference can be, in its extreme, a form of murder and seems to me a rather common
phenomenon.2)
이러한 무관심은 극단적인 경우에는 ______________의 한 형태일 수 있고 내게는 다소 ______________
______________처럼 보인다.
3. We claim autonomy for ourselves and forget that in so doing we can fall into the tyranny of
defining other people as we would like them to be.3)
우리는 자신을 위한 ______________을 ______________, 그렇게 할 때 우리가 바라는 대로 다른 사람을
______________는 ______________에 빠질 수 있다는 것을 잊는다.
4. By focusing on what we choose to acknowledge in them, we impose an insidious control on

them.4)
우리가 그들에게서 ______________로 선택한 것에 초점을 맞춤으로써, 우리는 그들에게 ______________
통제를 ______________.
5. I notice that I have to pay careful attention in order to listen to others with an openness that
allows them to be as they are, or as they think themselves to be.5)
나는 다른 사람들을 ______________ 으로 혹은 그들이 생각하는 본연의 모습이 될 수 있게 하는 개방
된 마음을 가지고 그들에게 귀를 기울이기 위해서는, 세심한 ______________를 기울여야 한다는 데
______________.
6. The shutters of my mind habitually flip open and click shut, and these little snaps form into
patterns I arrange for myself.6)
내 마음의 ______________은 ______________ ______________ 열리고 딸깍 닫히는데, 이 작은 (마음의 덧문이
습관적으로 열리고 닫히는) 딸깍거림은 내가 나 자신을 위해 ______________ 방식을 형성한다.
7. The opposite of this inattention is love, is the honoring of others in a way that grants them the
grace of their own autonomy and allows mutual discovery.7)
이 ______________의 ______________는 사랑이고, 다른 사람들에게 그들 자신의 자율성이라는
______________를 인정하고 ______________ 발견을 ______________ 방식으로 그들을 ______________ 것이다.
- 2 -
Part 2. 빈칸 연습 (영문)
우리말 해석을 보고 영문의 빈칸을 완성하시오.
1. 우리가 매우, 매우 조심하지 않는다면, 우리는 결국 우리 자신 이외의 것에 대한 무관심을 근거로 하

는 선입견을 바탕으로 서로의 이미지를 고수함으로써 서로가 불행한 결말을 맞게 한다.1)
______________ we are very, very careful, we ______________ each other by ______________ ______________
images of one another ______________ ______________ ______________ that are ______________
______________ based on ______________ to what is ______________ ______________ ourselves.
2. 이러한 무관심은 극단적인 경우에는 살인의 한 형태일 수 있고 내게는 다소 흔한 현상처럼 보인다.2)

This indifference can be, in its extreme, a form of ______________ and seems to me a rather
______________ ______________.
3. 우리는 자신을 위한 자율성을 요구하고, 그렇게 할 때 우리가 바라는 대로 다른 사람을 규정하는 횡

포에 빠질 수 있다는 것을 잊는다.3)
We ______________ ______________ for ourselves and forget that in so doing we can fall into the
______________ of ______________ other people as we would like them to be.
4. 우리가 그들에게서 인정하기로 선택한 것에 초점을 맞춤으로써, 우리는 그들에게 서서히 퍼지는 통제
를 가한다.4)
By focusing on what we choose to ______________ in them, we ______________ an ______________
control on them.
5. 나는 다른 사람들을 본연의 모습으로 혹은 그들이 생각하는 본연의 모습이 될 수 있게 하는 개방된

마음을 가지고 그들에게 귀를 기울이기 위해서는, 세심한 주의를 기울여야 한다는 데 유의한다.5)
I ______________ that I have to pay careful ______________ in order to listen to others with an
openness that allows them to be ______________ ______________ ______________, or as they think
themselves to be.
6. 내 마음의 덧문은 습관적으로 휙 젖혀져 열리고 딸깍 닫히는데, 이 작은 (마음의 덧문이 습관적으로

열리고 닫히는) 딸깍거림은 내가 나 자신을 위해 짜 놓는 방식을 형성한다.6)
The ______________ of my mind ______________ ______________ open and click shut, and these little
snaps form into patterns I ______________ for myself.
7. 이 부주의의 반대는 사랑이고, 다른 사람들에게 그들 자신의 자율성이라는 품위를 인정하고 상호 발

견을 허용하는 방식으로 그들을 존중하는 것이다.7)
The ______________ of this ______________ is love, is the ______________ of others in a way that
______________ them the ______________ of their own autonomy and allows ______________ discovery.
- 3 -
Part 3. 해석 연습
영어 문장을 읽고 한글 해석을 쓰시오.
1. Unless we are very, very careful, we doom each other by holding onto images of one another
based on preconceptions that are in turn based on indifference to what is other than ourselves.1)
2. This indifference can be, in its extreme, a form of murder and seems to me a rather common
phenomenon.2)
3. We claim autonomy for ourselves and forget that in so doing we can fall into the tyranny of
defining other people as we would like them to be.3)
4. By focusing on what we choose to acknowledge in them, we impose an insidious control on

them.4)
5. I notice that I have to pay careful attention in order to listen to others with an openness that
allows them to be as they are, or as they think themselves to be.5)
6. The shutters of my mind habitually flip open and click shut, and these little snaps form into
patterns I arrange for myself.6)
7. The opposite of this inattention is love, is the honoring of others in a way that grants them the
grace of their own autonomy and allows mutual discovery.7)
- 4 -
Part 4. 어법 선택형 연습
괄호 안에서 어법상 쓰임이 바른 것을 고르시오.

Unless we are very, very careful, we doom each other by [hold / holding] onto images of one
another [based / base] on preconceptions that [is / are] in turn based on indifference to [what /
that] is other than ourselves.

This indifference can be, in its extreme, a form of murder and [seems / seeming] to me a rather
common phenomenon.

We claim autonomy for [ourselves / us] and [forget / forgetting] that in so doing we can fall
into the tyranny of [defining / define] other people as we would like them [to be / being].
를 가한다.4)
By [focus / focusing] on [what / that] we choose [to acknowledge / acknowledging] in them, we
impose an insidious control on them.

I notice [that / what] I have to pay careful attention in order to listen to [others / other] with an
openness that [allows / allow] them [being / to be] as they are, or as they think themselves [to
be / being].

The shutters of my mind [habitually / habitual] flip open and click shut, and these little snaps
form into patterns I arrange for myself.

The opposite of this inattention is love, is the honoring of others in a way that [grants / grant]
them the grace of their own autonomy and [allows / allowing] mutual discovery.
- 5 -
Part 5. 순서배열 연습 (문장)
다음 우리말과 같은 뜻이 되도록 주어진 단어를 바르게 배열하시오.

Unless we are very, very careful, we doom each other (on / another / holding / images / one /
onto / by / of / based / preconceptions) (than / to / in / what / on / that / based /
indifference / turn / are / ourselves / other / is).

This indifference can be, in its extreme, (phenomenon / common / murder / seems / and / form
/ to / me / a / of / rather / a).

(ourselves / we / autonomy / claim / for) and (so doing / fall into / forget / defining / in /
other people / we / can / the tyranny / that / of) (them / we / would / to / as / like / be).
를 가한다.4)
(to / choose / by / focusing / on / them / acknowledge / in / what / we), (we / on / them /
an / control / impose / insidious)

(have / I / I / to / pay / attention / that / notice / careful) (be / they / an / themselves / them
/ as / that / to / order / listen / as / think / allows / in / to / others / are, / with / to / or /
openness / they / to / be)
- 6 -

(my / of / shut / flip / habitually / the shutters / click / and / mind / open), (into / snaps / I /
these / patterns / arrange / myself / form / and / little / for)

(is / inattention / opposite / the / of / love / this), (the / a way / and / others / discovery /
grants / of / in / their / the grace / of / honoring / own / is / mutual / that / allows /
autonomy / them)
- 7 -
Part 6. 순서배열 연습 (문단)
다음 주어진 문단을 바르게 배열하시오.
◆ 다음 글을 흐름상 알맞게 배열하시오.1)
Unless we are very, very careful, we doom each other by holding onto images of one another
based on preconceptions that are in turn based on indifference to what is other than ourselves.
(A) The opposite of this inattention is love, is the honoring of others in a way that grants them the
grace of their own autonomy and allows mutual discovery.
(B) This indifference can be, in its extreme, a form of murder and seems to me a rather common
phenomenon. We claim autonomy for ourselves and forget that in so doing we can fall into the
tyranny of defining other people as we would like them to be. By focusing on what we choose
to acknowledge in them, we impose an insidious control on them.
(C) I notice that I have to pay careful attention in order to listen to others with an openness that
allows them to be as they are, or as they think themselves to be. The shutters of my mind
habitually flip open and click shut, and these little snaps form into patterns I arrange for myself.
___________ → ___________ → ___________
- 8 -
Part 7. 영작 연습
다음 우리말과 같은 뜻이 되도록 주어진 단어를 순서대로 사용하여 영작하시오.

unless, careful, doom, hold, onto, based, preconceptions, in, turn, what, other, than
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, ______________ ______________, ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ that ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.
can, in, extreme, form, seem, rather, common

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, ______________ ______________ ______________,
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ and ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.

claim, autonomy, fall into, tyranny, define, would, like, be

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ and forget that in so doing
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ as ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________.
를 가한다.4)
focus, what, acknowledge, impose, insidious

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________, ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________
- 9 -

notice, pay, careful, order, openness, allow

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ that ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, or as ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________.

shutters, habitually, flip, click, shut, little, snap, form, patterns, arrange
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, and ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.

inattention, the honoring, others, in, way, grant, grace, allow

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, is
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ that
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.
- 10 -
본문 해석지
4강 - Exercise 02
Designing, building, operating, upgrading, and eventually 사회 기반 시설 사업을 설계하고, 이루어 내

retiring infrastructure projects is an expensive process. 고, 운영하고, 개선하며, 결국에는 폐기하는
것은 비용이 많이 드는 과정이다.
As aging infrastructure is repaired and retrofitted, and as 노후화되어 가는 사회 기반 시설을 수리하

new infrastructure is constructed, incorporating future risks 고 개보수할 때, 그리고 새로운 사회 기반
시설을 건설할 때, 기후 변화의 영향에서 오
from climate change impacts into their design, construction,
는 앞으로의 위험들을 설계, 건설, 운영에
and operation must become routine.
포함시키는 것은 일상화되어야 한다.
Failing to take those risks into account will likely lead to 이러한 위험을 고려하지 못하는 것은 아마
increased maintenance and operating costs and shortened 도 유지 보수 및 운영 비용의 증가와 사용
기간의 단축으로 이어질 것이다.
service life.
Failing to screen projects for climate resilience will lead to 기후회복력이 있는지에 대하여 사업을 확인
하지 못하면 더 많은 폐기물과 더 많은 사
more waste and more infrastructure collapse.
회 기반 시설 붕괴로 이어질 것이다.
The stronger infrastructure required may come with a 요구되는 더 강력한 사회 기반 시설은 상
significant upfront cost. 당한 선행 투자 비용을 수반할 수도 있다.
But employing thoughtful design strategies can allow for 그러나 사려 깊은 설계 전략을 이용하면 앞
making relatively modest resilience investments now, while 으로 더 극단적인 사건들에 대한 계획을 계
속해서 세우면서도 회복력에 대한 현재의
still planning for more extreme events down the road.
비교적 적은 투자를 가능하게 할 수 있다.
This approach could well be cheaper than having to 이러한 접근법은 상황이 예상보다 악화되는
retrofit the infrastructure from scratch if conditions worsen 경우에 사회 기반 시설을 맨 처음부터 개보
수 해야 하는 것보다 아마도 비용이 덜 들
beyond expectations.
것이다.
- 11 -
1. Designing, building, operating, upgrading, and eventually retiring infrastructure projects is an

expensive process.1)
______________ 사업을 ______________고, 이루어 내고, ______________고, 개선하며, 결국에는 ______________
는 것은 비용이 많이 드는 과정이다.
2. As aging infrastructure is repaired and retrofitted, and as new infrastructure is constructed,

incorporating future risks from climate change impacts into their design, construction, and
operation must become routine.2)
______________ 사회 기반 시설을 ______________고 ______________ 때, 그리고 새로운 사회 기반 시설을
______________ 때, 기후 변화의 ______________에서 오는 앞으로의 위험들을 설계, 건설, 운영에
______________ 것은 ______________야 한다.
3. Failing to take those risks into account will likely lead to increased maintenance and operating
costs and shortened service life.3)
이러한 위험을 ______________지 ______________ 것은 아마도 ______________ 및 운영 비용의 증가와 사용
기간의 단축으로 이어질 것이다.
4. Failing to screen projects for climate resilience will lead to more waste and more infrastructure
collapse.4)
기후______________이 있는지에 대하여 사업을 ______________지 못하면 더 많은 폐기물과 더 많은 사회
기반 시설 ______________로 이어질 것이다.
5. The stronger infrastructure required may come with a significant upfront cost.5)
요구되는 더 강력한 사회 기반 시설은 상당한 ______________ 투자 비용을 수반할 수도 있다.
6. But employing thoughtful design strategies can allow for making relatively modest resilience
investments now, while still planning for more extreme events down the road.6)
그러나 ______________ 설계 ______________을 ______________면 ______________ 더 ______________ 사건들에
대한 계획을 계속해서 세우면서도 회복력에 대한 현재의 비교적 ______________ 투자를 가능하게 할
수 있다.
7. This approach could well be cheaper than having to retrofit the infrastructure from scratch if
conditions worsen beyond expectations.7)
이러한 ______________은 ______________이 예상보다 ______________ 경우에 사회 기반 시설을
______________ 개보수 해야 하는 것보다 아마도 비용이 덜 들 것이다.
- 12 -
1. 사회 기반 시설 사업을 설계하고, 이루어 내고, 운영하고, 개선하며, 결국에는 폐기하는 것은 비용이

많이 드는 과정이다.1)
______________, building, ______________, upgrading, and eventually ______________ ______________ projects
is an expensive process.
2. 노후화되어 가는 사회 기반 시설을 수리하고 개보수할 때, 그리고 새로운 사회 기반 시설을 건설할

때, 기후 변화의 영향에서 오는 앞으로의 위험들을 설계, 건설, 운영에 포함시키는 것은 일상화되어야 한다.2)
As ______________ infrastructure is ______________ and ______________, and as new infrastructure is
______________, ______________ future risks from climate change ______________ into their design,
construction, and operation must become ______________.
3. 이러한 위험을 고려하지 못하는 것은 아마도 유지 보수 및 운영 비용의 증가와 사용 기간의 단축으

로 이어질 것이다.3)
______________ ______________ ______________ those risks ______________ ______________ will likely lead to
increased ______________ and operating costs and shortened service life.
4. 기후회복력이 있는지에 대하여 사업을 확인하지 못하면 더 많은 폐기물과 더 많은 사회 기반 시설

붕괴로 이어질 것이다.4)
Failing to ______________ projects for climate ______________ will lead to more waste and more
infrastructure ______________.
5. 요구되는 더 강력한 사회 기반 시설은 상당한 선행 투자 비용을 수반할 수도 있다.5)

The stronger infrastructure required may come with a significant ______________ cost.
6. 그러나 사려 깊은 설계 전략을 이용하면 앞으로 더 극단적인 사건들에 대한 계획을 계속해서 세우면

서도 회복력에 대한 현재의 비교적 적은 투자를 가능하게 할 수 있다.6)
But ______________ ______________ design ______________ can allow for making relatively ______________
resilience investments now, while still planning for more ______________ events ______________
______________ ______________.
7. 이러한 접근법은 상황이 예상보다 악화되는 경우에 사회 기반 시설을 맨 처음부터 개보수 해야 하는

것보다 아마도 비용이 덜 들 것이다.7)
This ______________ could well be cheaper than having to retrofit the infrastructure ______________
______________ if ______________ ______________ beyond expectations.
- 13 -
1. Designing, building, operating, upgrading, and eventually retiring infrastructure projects is an

expensive process.1)
2. As aging infrastructure is repaired and retrofitted, and as new infrastructure is constructed,

incorporating future risks from climate change impacts into their design, construction, and
operation must become routine.2)
3. Failing to take those risks into account will likely lead to increased maintenance and operating
costs and shortened service life.3)
4. Failing to screen projects for climate resilience will lead to more waste and more infrastructure
collapse.4)
5. The stronger infrastructure required may come with a significant upfront cost.5)
6. But employing thoughtful design strategies can allow for making relatively modest resilience
investments now, while still planning for more extreme events down the road.6)
7. This approach could well be cheaper than having to retrofit the infrastructure from scratch if
conditions worsen beyond expectations.7)
- 14 -

Designing, building, operating, upgrading, and eventually retiring infrastructure projects [is / are]
an expensive process.
2. 노후화되어 가는 사회 기반 시설을 수리하고 개보수할 때, 그리고 새로운 사회 기반 시설을 건설할 때,

기후 변화의 영향에서 오는 앞으로의 위험들을 설계, 건설, 운영에 포함시키는 것은 일상화되어야 한다.2)
As aging infrastructure [is repaired / repairs] and retrofitted, and as new infrastructure [constructs
/ is constructed], [incorporate / incorporating] future risks from climate change impacts into their
design, construction, and operation must become routine.

[Failing / Fail] [to take / taking] those risks into account will [like / likely] lead to increased
maintenance and operating costs and shortened service life.

[Failing / Fail] [screening / to screen] projects for climate resilience will [lead / lead to] more
waste and more infrastructure collapse.

The stronger infrastructure [required / requiring] may come with a significant upfront cost.

But [employ / employing] thoughtful design strategies can allow for [make / making] [relatively /
relative] modest resilience investments now, while still [planning / plan] for more extreme events
down the road.

This approach could well be [cheap / cheaper] than [having / have] to retrofit the infrastructure
from scratch if conditions worsen beyond expectations.
- 15 -

(infrastructure / retiring / building, / upgrading, / operating, / designing, / and / process / an /
is / eventually / projects / expensive)

때, 기후 변화의 영향에서 오는 앞으로의 위험들을 설계, 건설, 운영에 포함시키는 것은 일상화되어야
한다.2)
(is / and / infrastructure / as / aging / repaired / retrofitted), and (new / infrastructure /
constructed / is / as), (risks / climate / impacts / and / design, / from / into / operation /
routine / incorporating / their / become / must / future / construction, / change).

(take / those / risks / to / into / failing / account) will likely (shortened / service / to / costs /
life / and / and / maintenance / operating / lead / increased).

(infrastructure / waste / failing / projects / more / more / lead / resilience / will / to / to /
climate / screen / and / collapse / for)

(stronger / infrastructure / significant / with / the / cost / come / upfront / a / may / required)
- 16 -

But (can / relatively / strategies / resilience / for / modest / employing / allow / investments /
thoughtful / making / design) now, (extreme / down / still / events / more / for / planning /
the / road / while).

(this / could / retrofit / be / well / than / the infrastructure / cheaper / having / approach / to)
from scratch (beyond / worsen / if / conditions / expectations).
- 17 -
(A) Failing to take those risks into account will likely lead to increased maintenance and operating
costs and shortened service life. Failing to screen projects for climate resilience will lead to
more waste and more infrastructure collapse. The stronger infrastructure required may come
with a significant upfront cost.
(B) But employing thoughtful design strategies can allow for making relatively modest resilience
investments now, while still planning for more extreme events down the road. This approach
could well be cheaper than having to retrofit the infrastructure from scratch if conditions
worsen beyond expectations.
(C) Designing, building, operating, upgrading, and eventually retiring infrastructure projects is an
expensive process. As aging infrastructure is repaired and retrofitted, and as new infrastructure
is constructed, incorporating future risks from climate change impacts into their design,
construction, and operation must become routine.
___________ → ___________ → ___________
- 18 -

design, build, operate, upgrade, eventually, retire, expensive

______________, ______________, ______________, ______________, ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________

때, 기후 변화의 영향에서 오는 앞으로의 위험들을 설계, 건설, 운영에 포함시키는 것은 일상화되어야
한다.2)
age, retrofit, construct, incorporate, future, impact, must, become

As ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, and as
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________,
______________, ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.

fail, take, risks, account, likely, lead, increased, maintenance, operate, costs, shortened, service life
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________

fail, screen, resilience, waste, collapse
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________
- 19 -
strong, require, may, come, significant, upfront

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________

employ, allow, make, modest, extreme, events, down the road

But ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ can ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ now, while still ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.

cheap, have to, retrofit, scratch, conditions, worsen, beyond

This approach could well ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ if ______________ ______________
______________ ______________.
- 20 -
본문 해석지
4강 - Exercise 03
All musics have a history, and all music changes, has 모든 음악은 역사가 있으며, 비록 속도는 다
always been changing, though at various rates and not 양하고 항상 같은 방향은 아니지만, 변화하
always in the same direction. 며 항상 변화해 오고 있다.
It would be foolish to assume that the music of India, 인도 음악이 대체로 선율적이며 화음이 없
because it is largely melodic and without harmony, 다는 이유로 서양 음악이 이미 지나온 ‘이전
단계’에 어느 정도 해당한다고 추정하거나,
somehow represents an “earlier stage” through which
유럽인들이 부족 단위로 살던 시절에는 미
Western music has already passed, or that Europeans, in 국 원주민들의 음악과 비슷한 음악을 가졌
the days when they lived in tribes, had music similar to 을 것으로 추정하는 것은 어리석은 일이 될
that of Native Americans. 것이다.
Musics do not uniformly change from simple to complex. 음악은 일률적으로 단순한 것에서 복잡한
것으로 변화하지는 않는다.
Each music has its own unique history, related to the 각각의 음악은 그 문화의 역사와 사람들이
history of its culture, to the way people adapt to their 자신들의 자연 및 사회 환경에 적응하는 방
식과 연관하여 그 자체의 고유한 역사를 가
natural and social environment.
지고 있다.
The patterns we may discern in the world’s music history 우리가 세계의 음악사에서 식별할 수 있는
패턴은 문화들이 서로에게 갖는 관계와 대
usually have to do with the relationships of cultures to
개 연관되어 있다.
one another.
Thus, in the twentieth century, as Western‑derived culture 그리하여 20세기에는 서양에서 유래한 문화
has affected most others, most non‑Western musics now 가 대부분의 다른 문화에 영향을 주어서 대
부분의 비서양 음악은 이제 어느 정도 서양
show some influences of Western music.
음악의 영향을 보여 준다.
However, the results of this influence vary from culture to 그러나 이 영향의 결과는 문화마다 서로 다
culture. 르다.
- 21 -
1. All musics have a history, and all music changes, has always been changing, though at various
rates and not always in the same direction.1)
모든 음악은 역사가 있으며, 비록 ______________는 ______________고 항상 같은 방향은 아니지만, 변화하
며 항상 변화해 오고 있다.
2. It would be foolish to assume that the music of India, because it is largely melodic and without
harmony, somehow represents an “earlier stage” through which Western music has already
passed, or that Europeans, in the days when they lived in tribes, had music similar to that of
Native Americans.2)
인도 음악이 ______________ ______________이며 화음이 없다는 이유로 서양 음악이 이미 지나온 ‘이전
단계’에 어느 정도 ______________고 추정하거나, 유럽인들이 ______________ 단위로 살던 시절에는 미국
원주민들의 음악과 비슷한 음악을 가졌을 것으로 ______________ 것은 어리석은 일이 될 것이다.
3. Musics do not uniformly change from simple to complex.3)

음악은 ______________ 단순한 것에서 ______________ 것으로 변화하지는 않는다.
4. Each music has its own unique history, related to the history of its culture, to the way people
adapt to their natural and social environment.4)
각각의 음악은 그 문화의 역사와 사람들이 자신들의 자연 및 사회 환경에 ______________ 방식과
______________ 그 자체의 ______________ 역사를 가지고 있다.
5. The patterns we may discern in the world’s music history usually have to do with the
relationships of cultures to one another.5)
우리가 세계의 음악사에서 ______________ 수 있는 패턴은 문화들이 서로에게 갖는 관계______________.
6. Thus, in the twentieth century, as Western‑derived culture has affected most others, most
non‑Western musics now show some influences of Western music.6)
그리하여 20세기에는 서양에서 유래한 문화가 대부분의 다른 문화에 ______________ 서 대부분의 비서
양 음악은 이제 어느 정도 서양 음악의 ______________을 보여 준다.
7. However, the results of this influence vary from culture to culture.7)

그러나 이 영향의 결과는 문화마다 서로 ______________.
- 22 -
1. 모든 음악은 역사가 있으며, 비록 속도는 다양하고 항상 같은 방향은 아니지만, 변화하며 항상 변화

해 오고 있다.1)
All musics have a history, and all music changes, has always been changing, though at
______________ ______________ and not always in the same direction.
2. 인도 음악이 대체로 선율적이며 화음이 없다는 이유로 서양 음악이 이미 지나온 ‘이전 단계’에 어느
정도 해당한다고 추정하거나, 유럽인들이 부족 단위로 살던 시절에는 미국 원주민들의 음악과 비슷한
음악을 가졌을 것으로 추정하는 것은 어리석은 일이 될 것이다.2)
It would be foolish to ______________ that the music of India, because it is ______________
______________ and without harmony, somehow ______________ an “earlier stage” through which
Western music has already passed, or that Europeans, in the days when they lived in
______________, had music similar to that of Native Americans.
3. 음악은 일률적으로 단순한 것에서 복잡한 것으로 변화하지는 않는다.3)

Musics do not ______________ change from simple to ______________.
4. 각각의 음악은 그 문화의 역사와 사람들이 자신들의 자연 및 사회 환경에 적응하는 방식과 연관하여
그 자체의 고유한 역사를 가지고 있다.4)
Each music has its own ______________ history, ______________ ______________ the history of its culture,
to the way people ______________ ______________ their natural and social environment.
5. 우리가 세계의 음악사에서 식별할 수 있는 패턴은 문화들이 서로에게 갖는 관계와 대개 연관되어 있다.5)
The patterns we may ______________ in the world’s music history usually ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ the relationships of cultures to one another.
6. 그리하여 20세기에는 서양에서 유래한 문화가 대부분의 다른 문화에 영향을 주어서 대부분의 비서양
음악은 이제 어느 정도 서양 음악의 영향을 보여 준다.6)
Thus, in the twentieth century, as Western‑derived culture has ______________ most others, most
non‑Western musics now show some ______________ of Western music.
7. 그러나 이 영향의 결과는 문화마다 서로 다르다.7)

However, the results of this influence ______________ from culture to culture.
- 23 -
1. All musics have a history, and all music changes, has always been changing, though at various
rates and not always in the same direction.1)
2. It would be foolish to assume that the music of India, because it is largely melodic and without
harmony, somehow represents an “earlier stage” through which Western music has already
passed, or that Europeans, in the days when they lived in tribes, had music similar to that of
Native Americans.2)
3. Musics do not uniformly change from simple to complex.3)
4. Each music has its own unique history, related to the history of its culture, to the way people
adapt to their natural and social environment.4)
5. The patterns we may discern in the world’s music history usually have to do with the
relationships of cultures to one another.5)
6. Thus, in the twentieth century, as Western‑derived culture has affected most others, most
non‑Western musics now show some influences of Western music.6)
7. However, the results of this influence vary from culture to culture.7)
- 24 -

All musics have a history, and all music changes, has always been changing, [though / despite]
at various rates and not always in the same direction.
[It / This] would be foolish to assume that the music of India, [because / because of] it is
largely melodic and without harmony, somehow [represents / representing] an “earlier stage”
[which / through which] Western music has already passed, or [what / that] Europeans, in the
days [when / which] they lived in tribes, had music similar to that of Native Americans.

Musics do not [uniformly / uniform] change from simple to complex.
Each music [has / have] its own unique history, related to the history of its culture, to the way
people adapt to their natural and social environment.
The patterns we may discern in the world’s music history usually [have / has] to do with the
relationships of cultures to one another.
Thus, in the twentieth century, as Western‑derived culture has affected most [other / others],
most non‑Western musics now show some influences of Western music.

However, the results of this influence [vary / varies] from culture to culture.
- 25 -

All musics have a history, and all music changes, has always been changing, (direction / the /
though / rates / not / same / and / at / in / various / always).
(to / be / assume / would / foolish / it) that the music of India, (and / is / it / harmony /
without / largely / melodic / because), somehow (an / through / Western / “earlier stage” /
passed / has / already / represents / which / music), or that Europeans, in the days when they
lived in tribes, (Native Americans / that / to / similar / had / of / music).

(from / uniformly / simple / do / not / change / to / musics / complex)
(has / music / its / unique / own / history / each), (of / its / culture / related / to / the
history), (to / the way / social / their / adapt / environment / natural / people / and / to)
(the / the / discern / music / we / in / may / patterns / world’s / history) (to / have / usually /
cultures / do / the relationships / to / one / another / with / of)
- 26 -
Thus, in the twentieth century, as (most / western‑derived / others / affected / has / culture), (of
/ influences / now / most / musics / Western / non‑Western / music / show / some).

However, (this / the results / from / culture / of / vary / to / culture / influence).
- 27 -
(A) All musics have a history, and all music changes, has always been changing, though at various
rates and not always in the same direction. It would be foolish to assume that the music of
India, because it is largely melodic and without harmony, somehow represents an “earlier stage”
through which Western music has already passed, or that Europeans, in the days when they
lived in tribes, had music similar to that of Native Americans. Musics do not uniformly change
from simple to complex.
(B) Thus, in the twentieth century, as Western‑derived culture has affected most others, most
non‑Western musics now show some influences of Western music. However, the results of this
influence vary from culture to culture.
(C) Each music has its own unique history, related to the history of its culture, to the way people
adapt to their natural and social environment. The patterns we may discern in the world’s music
history usually have to do with the relationships of cultures to one another.
___________ → ___________ → ___________
- 28 -

have, at, various, rates, in, direction

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, and ______________ ______________
______________, ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, though ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________.
foolish, assume, largely, melodic, without, represent, through, pass, similar, that, Native, Americans
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ that the music of
India, because ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________, somehow ______________ ______________ “______________ ______________” ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, or that Europeans,
in ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________,
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________.
uniformly, from, complex

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________
relate, adapt, environment

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________,
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, to
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________.
- 29 -
may, discern, have, with, another

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ usually ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.
Western‑derived, affect, influences

Thus, in the twentieth century, as ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________, ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.
results, influence, vary, from

However, ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________.
- 30 -
본문 해석지
4강 - Exercise 04
Archaeology is a mode of production of the past. 고고학은 과거를 만들어 내는 방식이다.
This would seem to be recognised by those many 이 말은 고고학적 기법에 관해 상세히 이야

archaeologists and textbooks that talk at length of 기하는 그 많은 고고학자와 교과서에 의해
인정받는 것처럼 보일 것인데, 이는 기술로
archaeological techniques — archaeology seen as technology.
간주되는 고고학이다.
The past has left remains, and they decay in the ground. 과거는 유물을 남겼고, 그것들은 땅속에서
부식한다.
According to their interest, an archaeologist works on the 고고학자는 자신의 관심에 따라 유형 유물

material remains to make something of them. 들로 중요한 것을 만들어 내기 위해 그것들
을 연구한다.
So excavation is invention/discovery or sculpture where 그러므로 발굴이라는 것은 발명 겸 발견, 즉

archaeologists craft remains of the past into forms which 고고학자들이 과거의 유물을 의미 있는 형
태로 정교하게 만드는 조각이다.
are meaningful.
The archaeological ‘record’ is, accordingly, not a record at 따라서 고고학의 ‘기록’은 전혀 기록이 아니
all, but made, not given, ‘data’. 고, 주어지지 않고 만들어진 ‘자료’이다.
‘The past’ is gone and lost, and a fortiori, through the ‘과거’는 사라져서 없어졌고, ‘더더구나’, 사
equivocality of things and the character of society as 물의 다의성과 의미를 통해 구성되는 사회
의 성격으로 인해, 어쨌든 명확한 실체인
constituted through meaning, never existed as a definitive
‘현재’로 결코 존재한 적이 없었다.
entity ‘the present’ anyway.
An archaeologist has a raw material, the remains of the 고고학자는 원자재, 즉 과거의 유물을 가지
past, and turns it into something — data, a report, set of 고 있고 그것을 중요한 것, 즉 자료, 보고서,
도면 세트, 박물관 전시품, (역사적) 기록 보
drawings, a museum exhibition, an archive, a television
관물, 텔레비전 프로그램, 학문적 논쟁의 증
programme, evidence in an academic controversy, and 거, 그리고 어쩌면 ‘과거의 지식’이라고 칭해
perhaps that which is termed ‘knowledge of the past’. 지는 것으로 바꾼다.
This is a mode of production. 이것이 (과거를) 만들어 내는 방식이다.
- 31 -
1. Archaeology is a mode of production of the past.1)

______________은 과거를 만들어 내는 ______________이다.
2. This would seem to be recognised by those many archaeologists and textbooks that talk at
length of archaeological techniques — archaeology seen as technology.2)
이 말은 고고학적 기법에 관해 ______________ 이야기하는 그 많은 ______________와 교과서에 의해
______________ 것처럼 보일 것인데, 이는 기술로 간주되는 고고학이다.
3. The past has left remains, and they decay in the ground.3)
과거는 ______________을 남겼고, 그것들은 땅속에서 ______________.
4. According to their interest, an archaeologist works on the material remains to make something of
them.4)
고고학자는 자신의 관심______________ ______________ 유물들로 중요한 것을 만들어 내기 위해 그것들을
______________.
5. So excavation is invention/discovery or sculpture where archaeologists craft remains of the past

into forms which are meaningful.5)
그러므로 ______________이라는 것은 발명 겸 발견, 즉 고고학자들이 과거의 유물을 의미 있는 형태로
______________ ______________이다.
6. The archaeological ‘record’ is, accordingly, not a record at all, but made, not given, ‘data’.6)
______________ 고고학의 ‘______________’은 전혀 기록이 아니고, 주어지지 않고 만들어진 ‘자료’이다.
7. ‘The past’ is gone and lost, and a fortiori, through the equivocality of things and the character
of society as constituted through meaning, never existed as a definitive entity ‘the present’
anyway.7)
‘과거’는 사라져서 없어졌고, ‘더더구나’, 사물의 ______________과 의미를 통해 ______________ 사회의 성
격으로 인해, 어쨌든 ______________ ______________인 ‘현재’로 결코 존재한 적이 없었다.
8. An archaeologist has a raw material, the remains of the past, and turns it into something — data,
a report, set of drawings, a museum exhibition, an archive, a television programme, evidence in
an academic controversy, and perhaps that which is termed ‘knowledge of the past’.8)
고고학자는 ______________, 즉 과거의 유물을 가지고 있고 그것을 중요한 것, 즉 자료, 보고서, 도면 세
트, 박물관 전시품, (역사적) ______________ 보관물, 텔레비전 프로그램, 학문적 ______________의 증거,
그리고 어쩌면 ‘과거의 지식’이라고 ______________ 것으로 바꾼다.
9. This is a mode of production.9)

이것이 (과거를) ______________ 방식이다.
- 32 -
1. 고고학은 과거를 만들어 내는 방식이다.1)

______________ is a ______________ of production of the past.
2. 이 말은 고고학적 기법에 관해 상세히 이야기하는 그 많은 고고학자와 교과서에 의해 인정받는 것처

럼 보일 것인데, 이는 기술로 간주되는 고고학이다.2)
This would seem to be ______________ by those many ______________ and textbooks that talk
______________ ______________ of archaeological techniques — archaeology seen as technology.
3. 과거는 유물을 남겼고, 그것들은 땅속에서 부식한다.3)

The past has left ______________, and they ______________ in the ground.
4. 고고학자는 자신의 관심에 따라 유형 유물들로 중요한 것을 만들어 내기 위해 그것들을 연구한다.4)

______________ ______________ their interest, an archaeologist ______________ ______________ the
______________ remains to make something of them.
5. 그러므로 발굴이라는 것은 발명 겸 발견, 즉 고고학자들이 과거의 유물을 의미 있는 형태로 정교하게

만드는 조각이다.5)
So ______________ is invention/discovery or ______________ where archaeologists ______________ remains
of the past into forms which are meaningful.
6. 따라서 고고학의 ‘기록’은 전혀 기록이 아니고, 주어지지 않고 만들어진 ‘자료’이다.6)

The archaeological ______________ is, ______________, not a record at all, but made, not given, ‘data’.
7. ‘과거’는 사라져서 없어졌고, ‘더더구나’, 사물의 다의성과 의미를 통해 구성되는 사회의 성격으로 인
해, 어쨌든 명확한 실체인 ‘현재’로 결코 존재한 적이 없었다.7)
‘The past’ is gone and lost, and a fortiori, through the ______________ of things and the character
of society as ______________ through meaning, never existed as a ______________ ______________ ‘the
present’ anyway.
8. 고고학자는 원자재, 즉 과거의 유물을 가지고 있고 그것을 중요한 것, 즉 자료, 보고서, 도면 세트, 박
물관 전시품, (역사적) 기록 보관물, 텔레비전 프로그램, 학문적 논쟁의 증거, 그리고 어쩌면 ‘과거의
지식’이라고 칭해지는 것으로 바꾼다.8)
An archaeologist has a ______________ ______________, the remains of the past, and turns it into
something — data, a report, set of drawings, a museum exhibition, an ______________, a television
programme, evidence in an academic ______________, and perhaps that which is ______________
‘knowledge of the past’.
9. 이것이 (과거를) 만들어 내는 방식이다.9)

This is a mode of ______________.
- 33 -
1. Archaeology is a mode of production of the past.1)
2. This would seem to be recognised by those many archaeologists and textbooks that talk at
length of archaeological techniques — archaeology seen as technology.2)
3. The past has left remains, and they decay in the ground.3)
4. According to their interest, an archaeologist works on the material remains to make something of
them.4)
5. So excavation is invention/discovery or sculpture where archaeologists craft remains of the past

into forms which are meaningful.5)
6. The archaeological ‘record’ is, accordingly, not a record at all, but made, not given, ‘data’.6)
7. ‘The past’ is gone and lost, and a fortiori, through the equivocality of things and the character
of society as constituted through meaning, never existed as a definitive entity ‘the present’
anyway.7)
8. An archaeologist has a raw material, the remains of the past, and turns it into something — data,
a report, set of drawings, a museum exhibition, an archive, a television programme, evidence in
an academic controversy, and perhaps that which is termed ‘knowledge of the past’.8)
9. This is a mode of production.9)
- 34 -

Archaeology is a mode of [production / produce] of the past.

This would seem to [be recognised / recognise] by those many archaeologists and textbooks that
[talk / talks] at length of archaeological techniques — archaeology seen as technology.

The past has left remains, and [it decays / they decay] in the ground.

According to their interest, an archaeologist works on the material remains [make / to make]
something of [them / it].

So excavation is invention/discovery or sculpture [which / where] archaeologists craft remains of
the past into forms which [is / are] meaningful.

The archaeological ‘record’ is, [accordingly / according], not a record at all, but [makinig / made],
not [giving / given], ‘data’.
‘The past’ is gone and lost, and a fortiori, through the equivocality of things and the character
of society as constituted through meaning, never [existing / existed] as a definitive entity ‘the
present’ anyway.
지식’이라고 칭해지는 것으로 바꾼다. 이것이 (과거를) 만들어 내는 방식이다.8)
An archaeologist has a raw material, the remains of the past, and [turn / turns] it into something
— data, a report, set of drawings, a museum exhibition, an archive, a television programme,
evidence in an academic controversy, and perhaps that [which / what] is termed ‘knowledge of
the past’. This is a mode of production.
- 35 -

(archaeology / is / of / a mode / of / past / production / the)

(textbooks / to / would / many / and / those / archaeologists / be / this / by / recognised /
seem) (of / archaeological / talk / techniques / that / at / length) — (technology / seen /
archaeology / as)

(left / remains / the past / has), and (decay / they / in / the ground).

(their / according / to / interest), (them / something / material / the / on / works / an
archaeologist / make / remains / of / to)

So (is / or / invention/discovery / sculpture / excavation) (archaeologists / past / forms / remains
/ the / meaningful / of / where / are / craft / into / which).
- 36 -

(archaeological / the / ‘record’ / is), accordingly, (record / at / not / a / all), but (‘data’ / given,
/ not / made,).
(gone / is / lost / and / ‘the past’), and a fortiori, (and / the / through / things / the / of /
through / constituted / of / character / as / society / equivocality / meaning), (a / definitive /
existed / entity / ‘the / anyway / as / present’ / never).
(past, / material, / a / has / something / the / raw / and / the / it / of / into / turns /
archaeologist / remains / an) — (of / an / television / report, / archive, / controversy / a /
exhibition, / a / an / evidence / set / museum / drawings, / in / academic / a / data, /
programme,), and perhaps (which / ‘knowledge / that / of / the / termed / is / past’).

(production / this / is / of / a mode)
- 37 -
(A) Archaeology is a mode of production of the past. This would seem to be recognised by those
many archaeologists and textbooks that talk at length of archaeological techniques —
archaeology seen as technology. The past has left remains, and they decay in the ground.
According to their interest, an archaeologist works on the material remains to make something
of them.
(B) An archaeologist has a raw material, the remains of the past, and turns it into something —
data, a report, set of drawings, a museum exhibition, an archive, a television programme,
evidence in an academic controversy, and perhaps that which is termed ‘knowledge of the past’.
This is a mode of production.
(C) So excavation is invention/discovery or sculpture where archaeologists craft remains of the past
into forms which are meaningful. The archaeological ‘record’ is, accordingly, not a record at all,
but made, not given, ‘data’. ‘The past’ is gone and lost, and a fortiori, through the equivocality
of things and the character of society as constituted through meaning, never existed as a
definitive entity ‘the present’ anyway.
___________ → ___________ → ___________
- 38 -
archaeology, mode, production

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________

seem, recognised, many, at, length, techniques, seen, technology

This would ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ that ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ — archaeology ______________ ______________ ______________.
leave, remains, decay, ground

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, and ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________.
interest, work on, material, make, something

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ to ______________ ______________ ______________
______________.

sculpture, where, craft, which
So excavation is invention/discovery or ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________.
- 39 -
at, all, make, give, ‘data’

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, accordingly, ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________, but ______________, ______________ ______________, ______________.
go, lose, equivocality, things, character, constitute, through, definitive, entity
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, and a fortiori,
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ as ______________ ______________ ______________, never ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ‘the present’ anyway.
raw, turn, something, drawings, archive, controversy, which, term

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, and ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ — ______________, ______________ ______________, ______________ ______________ ______________,
______________ ______________ ______________, ______________ ______________, ______________ ______________
______________, ______________ in ______________ ______________ ______________, and perhaps that ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.
mode, production
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
- 40 -
본문 해석지
4강 - Exercise 05
An educational institution that I have been associated with 내가 관련이 있었던 교육 기관이 최근 교수
recently went through a particularly traumatic time when 진과 직원들에 의해 경영진[본부]의 진실성
에 의문이 제기되는 특히 힘겨운 시간을 보
the credibility of the administration was questioned by the
냈다.
faculty and staff.
Various organizational consultants were interviewed to ‘치유’ 과정을 원활하게 진행시키기 위해 여

facilitate a “healing” process. 러 조직 상담가들을 면담했다.
Most of the consultants spoke of making the necessary 그 상담가들의 대부분은 신뢰의 문화를 형
structural changes to create a culture of trust. 성하기 위해 필수적인 구조적 변화를 행하
는 것에 대해 말했다.
The institution finally hired a consultant whose attitude was 그 기관은 최종적으로 조직의 구조는 신뢰
that organizational structure has nothing to do with trust. 와 관련이 없다는 태도를 가진 상담가를 고
용했다.
Interpersonal relations based on mutual respect and an 상호 존중과 호의적인 분위기를 바탕으로
atmosphere of goodwill are what creates a culture of trust. 한 개인 간의 관계가 신뢰의 문화를 형성하
는 것이다.
Would you rather work as part of a school with an 여러분은 뛰어난 명성을 가진 학교의 일원
outstanding reputation or work as part of a group of 으로 근무하겠는가 아니면 뛰어난 개인들로
구성된 집단의 일부로 근무하겠는가?
outstanding individuals?
Many times these two characteristics go together, but if 많은 경우에 이 두 특징은 함께 존재하지만,
one had to make a choice, I believe that most people 만약 선택해야 한다면 나는 대부분의 사람
들이 뛰어난 개인과 일하기를 선택할 것이
would opt to work with outstanding individuals.
라 믿는다.
- 41 -
1. An educational institution that I have been associated with recently went through a particularly
traumatic time when the credibility of the administration was questioned by the faculty and staff.1)
내가 ______________ 교육 기관이 최근 ______________과 직원들에 의해 경영진[본부]의 ______________에
______________ 는 ______________ ______________ 시간을 ______________.
2. Various organizational consultants were interviewed to facilitate a “healing” process.2)

‘치유’ 과정을 ______________ 위해 여러 ______________ 상담가들을 면담했다.
3. Most of the consultants spoke of making the necessary structural changes to create a culture of
trust.3)
그 ______________의 대부분은 ______________의 문화를 형성하기 위해 필수적인 ______________ 변화를 행
하는 것에 대해 말했다.
4. The institution finally hired a consultant whose attitude was that organizational structure has
nothing to do with trust.4)
그 ______________은 최종적으로 조직의 구조는 신뢰______________는 ______________를 가진 상담가를
______________.
5. Interpersonal relations based on mutual respect and an atmosphere of goodwill are what creates
a culture of trust.5)
______________ 존중과 ______________적인 ______________를 바탕으로 한 ______________ 관계가 신뢰의 문
화를 형성하는 것이다.
6. Would you rather work as part of a school with an outstanding reputation or work as part of a
group of outstanding individuals?6)
여러분은 ______________ ______________을 가진 학교의 일원으로 근무하겠는가 아니면 뛰어난 개인들로
구성된 집단의 일부로 근무하겠는가?
7. Many times these two characteristics go together, but if one had to make a choice, I believe
that most people would opt to work with outstanding individuals.7)
많은 경우에 이 두 ______________은 함께 존재하지만, 만약 선택해야 한다면 나는 대부분의 사람들이
뛰어난 ______________과 일하기를 ______________ 것이라 믿는다.
- 42 -
1. 내가 관련이 있었던 교육 기관이 최근 교수진과 직원들에 의해 경영진[본부]의 진실성에 의문이 제기

되는 특히 힘겨운 시간을 보냈다.1)
An educational institution that I have been ______________ with recently ______________ ______________
a ______________ ______________ time when the ______________ of the administration was ______________
by the ______________ and staff.
2. ‘치유’ 과정을 원활하게 진행시키기 위해 여러 조직 상담가들을 면담했다.2)

Various ______________ consultants were interviewed to ______________ a “healing” process.
3. 그 상담가들의 대부분은 신뢰의 문화를 형성하기 위해 필수적인 구조적 변화를 행하는 것에 대해 말했다.3)
Most of the ______________ spoke of making the necessary ______________ changes to create a
culture of ______________.
4. 그 기관은 최종적으로 조직의 구조는 신뢰와 관련이 없다는 태도를 가진 상담가를 고용했다.4)
The ______________ finally ______________ a consultant whose ______________ was that organizational
structure ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ trust.
5. 상호 존중과 호의적인 분위기를 바탕으로 한 개인 간의 관계가 신뢰의 문화를 형성하는 것이다.5)

______________ relations based on ______________ respect and an ______________ of ______________ are
what creates a culture of trust.
6. 여러분은 뛰어난 명성을 가진 학교의 일원으로 근무하겠는가 아니면 뛰어난 개인들로 구성된 집단의
일부로 근무하겠는가?6)
Would you rather work as part of a school with an ______________ ______________ or work as part of
a group of outstanding individuals?
7. 많은 경우에 이 두 특징은 함께 존재하지만, 만약 선택해야 한다면 나는 대부분의 사람들이 뛰어난

개인과 일하기를 선택할 것이라 믿는다.7)
Many times these two ______________ go together, but if one had to make a choice, I believe that
most people would ______________ to work with outstanding ______________.
- 43 -
1. An educational institution that I have been associated with recently went through a particularly
traumatic time when the credibility of the administration was questioned by the faculty and staff.1)
2. Various organizational consultants were interviewed to facilitate a “healing” process.2)
3. Most of the consultants spoke of making the necessary structural changes to create a culture of
trust.3)
4. The institution finally hired a consultant whose attitude was that organizational structure has
nothing to do with trust.4)
5. Interpersonal relations based on mutual respect and an atmosphere of goodwill are what creates
a culture of trust.5)
6. Would you rather work as part of a school with an outstanding reputation or work as part of a
group of outstanding individuals?6)
7. Many times these two characteristics go together, but if one had to make a choice, I believe
that most people would opt to work with outstanding individuals.7)
- 44 -

An educational institution that I have [been associated / associated] with recently [went / going]
through a particularly traumatic time [when / which] the credibility of the administration was
questioned by the faculty and staff.

Various organizational consultants [were interviewed / interviewed] to facilitate a “healing”
process.
3. 그 상담가들의 대부분은 신뢰의 문화를 형성하기 위해 필수적인 구조적 변화를 행하는 것에 대해 말

했다.3)
[Most of / Most] the consultants spoke of [making / make] the necessary structural changes to
create a culture of trust.
The institution finally hired a consultant [who / whose] attitude was that organizational structure
has nothing to do with trust.

Interpersonal relations [are based / based] on mutual respect and an atmosphere of goodwill [is
/ are] [what / that] creates a culture of trust.
Would you rather work as part of a school with an outstanding reputation or [working / work]
as part of a group of outstanding individuals?

Many times these two characteristics go together, but if one had to make a choice, I believe
[that / what] most people [will / would] opt to work with outstanding individuals.
- 45 -

(educational / institution / that / I / recently / associated / have / an / with / been) (particularly
/ traumatic / time / went / through / a) (the / administration / of / the / credibility / when / by
/ faculty / was / the / staff / and / questioned)

(a / to / consultants / facilitate / organizational / were / process / interviewed / various /
“healing”)

했다.3)
(making / the / most / of / changes / structural / the / of / consultants / spoke / necessary)
(trust / a / culture / create / of / to)
(a consultant / hired / finally / the institution) (attitude / to / was / whose / organizational /
structure / do / that / nothing / trust / with / has)

(mutual / an / interpersonal / on / relations / and / of / based / respect / goodwill /
atmosphere) (culture / of / what / trust / are / a / creates)
- 46 -
(as / would / part / rather / outstanding / of / school / with / an / work / a / you /
reputation) or (of / as / group / individuals / work / of / a / part / outstanding)?

Many times (together / go / two / these / characteristics), but if (a / one / make / choice / to /
had), I believe that (outstanding / most / would / people / work / with / individuals / to / opt).
- 47 -
An educational institution that I have been associated with recently went through a particularly
traumatic time when the credibility of the administration was questioned by the faculty and staff.
(A) Various organizational consultants were interviewed to facilitate a “healing” process. Most of the
consultants spoke of making the necessary structural changes to create a culture of trust.
(B) The institution finally hired a consultant whose attitude was that organizational structure has
nothing to do with trust. Interpersonal relations based on mutual respect and an atmosphere of
goodwill are what creates a culture of trust.
(C) Would you rather work as part of a school with an outstanding reputation or work as part of a
group of outstanding individuals? Many times these two characteristics go together, but if one
had to make a choice, I believe that most people would opt to work with outstanding
individuals.
___________ → ___________ → ___________
- 48 -

associate, go through, particular, traumatic, credibility, question, faculty

An ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ recently ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
when ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.
various, interview, facilitate

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________

했다.3)
speak, make, necessary, create, trust

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ to ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________.
finally hire, that, have nothing
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ whose attitude
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________.
- 49 -
interpersonal, atmosphere, goodwill, what, create

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ are ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________.
rather, part, outstanding, individuals

Would ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ or ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________?

characteristic, go together, have, make, opt

Many times ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, but if ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, I believe that ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________.
- 50 -
본문 해석지
4강 - Exercise 06
We all have been blessed with intellect. 우리는 모두 지성이라는 축복을 부여받았다.
It is up to us to develop what we have been given. 우리에게 주어진 것을 계발하는 것은 우리

에게 달려 있다.
The true intellectual does not gloat in what she knows, for 진정한 지식인은 자신이 알고 있는 것에 흡
no one has the capacity to know everything, and only the 족해하지 않는데, 왜냐하면 아무도 모든 것
을 알 수 있는 능력이 없고, 바보만이 그렇
fool pretends otherwise.
지 않은 척하기 때문이다.
Knowledge has no finish line. 지식에는 결승점이 없다.
Instead, as with life, it is merely a perpetual marathon full 대신 인생과 마찬가지로 그것은 잠재력과 위
of potential and pitfalls. 험으로 가득 찬, 끊임없는 마라톤일 뿐이다.
Intellect is not to be celebrated; it should be constantly 지성은 (부여받았음을) 축하해야 할 것이 아

and humbly improved. 니라, 끊임없이 그리고 겸허하게 향상 되어
야 할 것이다.
The more one learns, the more one understands that he 우리는 더 많이 배울수록 자신이 실제로 아
or she actually knows very little. 는 것이 거의 없다는 것을 더 많이 이해한다.
Mastering one topic means very little in the sense that an 하나의 주제에 숙달하는 것은 무한히 많은
infinite amount of new topics remain alive and waiting to 새로운 주제들이 여전히 존재하여 다뤄지기를
기다리고 있다는 점에서 거의 의미가 없다.
be tackled.
There is no better way to travel the journey of life than 탐욕스럽게 손에 책을 쥐고 있는 것보다 인
with a book held greedily in hand. 생이라는 여정을 여행하는 더 좋은 방법은
없다.
- 51 -
1. We all have been blessed with intellect.1)

우리는 모두 ______________이라는 ______________.
2. It is up to us to develop what we have been given.2)

우리에게 주어진 것을 계발하는 것은 우리______________ 있다.
3. The true intellectual does not gloat in what she knows, for no one has the capacity to know
everything, and only the fool pretends otherwise.3)
진정한 ______________은 자신이 알고 있는 것에 ______________ 않는데, 왜냐하면 아무도 모든 것을 알
수 있는 ______________이 없고, 바보만이 그렇지 않은 ______________ 때문이다.
4. Knowledge has no finish line.4)

지식에는 ______________이 없다.
5. Instead, as with life, it is merely a perpetual marathon full of potential and pitfalls.5)
대신 인생과 마찬가지로 그것은 잠재력과 ______________으로 가득 찬, ______________ 마라톤일 뿐이다.
6. Intellect is not to be celebrated; it should be constantly and humbly improved.6)

지성은 (부여받았음을) 축하해야 할 것이 아니라, ______________ 그리고 ______________ ______________ 할
것이다.
7. The more one learns, the more one understands that he or she actually knows very little.7)
우리는 더 많이 배울수록 자신이 ______________ 아는 것이 ______________ 는 것을 더 많이 이해한다.
8. Mastering one topic means very little in the sense that an infinite amount of new topics remain
alive and waiting to be tackled.8)
하나의 주제에 ______________ 것은 ______________ 새로운 주제들이 여전히 존재하여 ______________를 기
다리고 ______________ 거의 의미가 없다.
9. There is no better way to travel the journey of life than with a book held greedily in hand.9)
______________ 손에 책을 쥐고 있는 것보다 인생이라는 여정을 여행하는 더 좋은 방법은 없다.
- 52 -
1. 우리는 모두 지성이라는 축복을 부여받았다.1)

We all have ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.
2. 우리에게 주어진 것을 계발하는 것은 우리에게 달려 있다.2)

It is ______________ ______________ us to develop what we have been given.
3. 진정한 지식인은 자신이 알고 있는 것에 흡족해하지 않는데, 왜냐하면 아무도 모든 것을 알 수 있는

능력이 없고, 바보만이 그렇지 않은 척하기 때문이다.3)
The true ______________ does not ______________ in what she knows, for no one has the
______________ to know everything, and only the fool ______________ otherwise.
4. 지식에는 결승점이 없다.4)

Knowledge has no ______________ ______________.
5. 대신 인생과 마찬가지로 그것은 잠재력과 위험으로 가득 찬, 끊임없는 마라톤일 뿐이다.5)

Instead, as with life, it is merely a ______________ marathon full of potential and ______________.
6. 지성은 (부여받았음을) 축하해야 할 것이 아니라, 끊임없이 그리고 겸허하게 향상 되어야 할 것이다.6)

Intellect is not to be celebrated; it should be ______________ and ______________ ______________.
7. 우리는 더 많이 배울수록 자신이 실제로 아는 것이 거의 없다는 것을 더 많이 이해한다.7)

The more one learns, the more one understands that he or she ______________ knows very
______________.
8. 하나의 주제에 숙달하는 것은 무한히 많은 새로운 주제들이 여전히 존재하여 다뤄지기를 기다리고
있다는 점에서 거의 의미가 없다.8)
______________ one topic means very little ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ an
______________ amount of new topics remain alive and waiting to be ______________.
9. 탐욕스럽게 손에 책을 쥐고 있는 것보다 인생이라는 여정을 여행하는 더 좋은 방법은 없다.9)

There is no better way to travel the journey of life than with a book held ______________ in hand.
- 53 -
1. We all have been blessed with intellect.1)
2. It is up to us to develop what we have been given.2)
3. The true intellectual does not gloat in what she knows, for no one has the capacity to know
everything, and only the fool pretends otherwise.3)
4. Knowledge has no finish line.4)
5. Instead, as with life, it is merely a perpetual marathon full of potential and pitfalls.5)
6. Intellect is not to be celebrated; it should be constantly and humbly improved.6)
7. The more one learns, the more one understands that he or she actually knows very little.7)
8. Mastering one topic means very little in the sense that an infinite amount of new topics remain
alive and waiting to be tackled.8)
9. There is no better way to travel the journey of life than with a book held greedily in hand.9)
- 54 -

We all have [blessed / been blessed] with intellect.

It is up to us to develop [that / what] we have been [given / giving].

능력이 없고, 바보만이 그렇지 않은 척하기 때문이다. 지식에는 결승점이 없다.3)
The true intellectual does not gloat in [what / which] she knows, for no one [has / having] the
capacity to know everything, and only the fool pretends otherwise. Knowledge has no finish line.

[Instead of / Instead], as with life, it is [merely / mere] a perpetual marathon full of potential
and pitfalls.

Intellect is not [to be celebrated / to celebrate] ; it should be constantly and humbly improved.

The more one learns, the more one understands [what / that] he or she actually knows very
little.
Mastering one topic means very little in the sense [that / which] an infinite amount of new
topics remain [live / alive] and [waited / waiting] to be tackled.

There is no better way [traveling / to travel] the journey of life than with a book [held /
holding] greedily in hand.
- 55 -

(blessed / intellect / have / we all / with / been)

(is / been / we / to / what / up / it / to / develop / us / have / given)

(the / not / what / does / in / she / knows / intellectual / gloat / true), for (the / capacity /
one / to / everything / no / know / has), and only (the / fool / pretends / otherwise).

(knowledge / has / finish / line / no)

Instead, (as / with / life), (marathon / of / merely / a / perpetual / pitfalls / is / it / potential /
and / full).

(not / to / is / celebrated / intellect / be); (constantly / and / should / humbly / it / improved /
be)
- 56 -

(the / one / learns / more), (understands / little / he / one / the / very / more / that / knows /
or / she / actually)
(very / mastering / means / topic / little / one) in the sense that (remain / waiting / to / alive /
tackled / an / of / new / amount / be / topics / infinite / and).

(there / travel / of / the journey / way / life / better / no / to / is) than (with / greedily / a
book / hand / in / held).
- 57 -
(A) We all have been blessed with intellect. It is up to us to develop what we have been given.
The true intellectual does not gloat in what she knows, for no one has the capacity to know
everything, and only the fool pretends otherwise. Knowledge has no finish line.
(B) Instead, as with life, it is merely a perpetual marathon full of potential and pitfalls. Intellect is
not to be celebrated; it should be constantly and humbly improved. The more one learns, the
more one understands that he or she actually knows very little.
(C) Mastering one topic means very little in the sense that an infinite amount of new topics remain
alive and waiting to be tackled. There is no better way to travel the journey of life than with a
book held greedily in hand.
___________ → ___________ → ___________
- 58 -
bless, intellect
We all ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.
up, to, develop, give

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________

intellectual, gloat in, she, for, no one, capacity, the fool, otherwise
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________, for ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, and only ______________ ______________
______________ ______________.
have, finish
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________

as, merely, perpetual, full, pitfall
Instead, ______________ ______________ ______________, it ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.
- 59 -
celebrate, should, constant, humble, improve

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________; ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
more, one, learn, actually, little

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ that he or she ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.
master, topic, little, sense, infinite, amount, remain, alive, tackle,

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ in ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ and ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.

there, good, travel the journey, with, greedy, in
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ than ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.
- 60 -
본문 해석지
4강 - Exercise 07
Much of the written evidence historians of ancient times 고대를 연구하는 역사학자들이 이용해야 하
must use is the equivalent of what our legal system calls 는 글로 쓰인 증거의 많은 부분은 우리의
법률 제도가 ‘전문(傳聞)’이라고 부르는 것에
“hearsay.”
상응하는 것이다.
It comes from writers who lived long after the events that 그것의 출처는 그들이 설명하는 사건이 일어
they relate and often contains much local folklore and 난 지 오랜 후에 살았던 기록자들이며 정확
할 수도 그렇지 않을 수도 있는 현지의 민간
tradition that may or may not be accurate.
전승과 구전(口傳)을 흔히 많이 담고 있다.
Furthermore, sometimes the level of “hearsay” between the 게다가 때때로 ‘증언’과 원래 사건 사이에
“witness” and the original event is even greater. 있는 ‘전문’의 정도는 훨씬 더 크다.
The writings of some ancient authors survive only in 일부 고대 저자의 글은 다른 고대 인물에

quotations from their work by other ancient figures. 의해 그들의 저작물에서 인용한 것으로만
살아남는다.
The history of Egypt written by Manetho, an Egyptian 기원전 3세기 초의 이집트 사제인 Manetho
priest of the early third century BCE, is known only 가 쓴 이집트 역사는 그런 인용을 통해서만
알려져 있다.
through such quotations.
The same is true for the work of the Hellenistic Babylonian 헬레니즘 시기 바빌로니아 사제인 Berossus
priest, Berossus. 의 저작물에 있어서도 마찬가지이다.
Thus, not only were these authors writing long after the 그러므로 이 저자들은 자신들이 서술하는
events they were describing, but we also have the added 사건이 일어난 한참 후에 글을 쓰고 있었을
뿐만 아니라, 우리는 그들이 정확하게 인용
problem of trying to decide whether or not they were
되었는지 그러지 않았는지를 결정하고자 애
quoted correctly. 쓴다는 추가적인 문제도 가지고 있다.
Obviously, the historian has to analyze such sources with 분명 역사학자는 그런 자료들을 매우 신중
great care and seek independent validation of their 하게 분석해야 하고 고고학이나 다른 문서
로 부터 그것들의 증언에 대한 독자적인 확
testimony from archaeology or other texts.
인을 추구해야 한다.
- 61 -
1. Much of the written evidence historians of ancient times must use is the equivalent of what our
legal system calls “hearsay.”1)
______________를 연구하는 역사학자들이 이용해야 하는 글로 쓰인 ______________의 많은 부분은 우리의
______________ 제도가 ‘______________(傳聞)’이라고 부르는 것에 ______________ 이다.
2. It comes from writers who lived long after the events that they relate and often contains much
local folklore and tradition that may or may not be accurate.2)
그것의 출처는 그들이 설명하는 사건이 일어난 지 오랜 후에 살았던 기록자들이며 ______________ 수
도 그렇지 않을 수도 있는 현지의 ______________과 구전(口傳)을 흔히 많이 ______________.
3. Furthermore, sometimes the level of “hearsay” between the “witness” and the original event is
even greater.3)
______________ 때때로 ‘______________’과 ______________ 사건 사이에 있는 ‘전문’의 정도는 훨씬 더 크다.
4. The writings of some ancient authors survive only in quotations from their work by other ancient
figures.4)
일부 고대 저자의 글은 다른 고대 ______________에 의해 그들의 저작물에서 ______________ 으로만 살아
남는다.
5. The history of Egypt written by Manetho, an Egyptian priest of the early third century BCE, is
known only through such quotations.5)
기원전 3세기 초의 이집트 ______________인 Manetho가 쓴 이집트 역사는 그런 인용을 통해서만 알려
져 있다.
6. The same is true for the work of the Hellenistic Babylonian priest, Berossus.6)
헬레니즘 시기 바빌로니아 사제인 Berossus의 저작물______________.
7. Thus, not only were these authors writing long after the events they were describing, but we
also have the added problem of trying to decide whether or not they were quoted correctly.7)
그러므로 이 저자들은 자신들이 ______________ 사건이 일어난 한참 후에 글을 쓰고 있었을 뿐만 아니
라, 우리는 그들이 ______________ ______________ 그러지 않았는지를 결정하고자 애쓴다는 추가적인 문
제도 가지고 있다.
8. Obviously, the historian has to analyze such sources with great care and seek independent
validation of their testimony from archaeology or other texts.8)
______________ 역사학자는 그런 ______________을 매우 신중하게 ______________ 하고 ______________이나
다른 문서로 부터 그것들의 ______________에 대한 ______________ ______________을 추구해야 한다.
- 62 -
1. 고대를 연구하는 역사학자들이 이용해야 하는 글로 쓰인 증거의 많은 부분은 우리의 법률 제도가 ‘전

문(傳聞)’이라고 부르는 것에 상응하는 것이다.1)
Much of the written ______________ historians of ______________ ______________ must use is the
______________ of what our ______________ system calls “______________.”
2. 그것의 출처는 그들이 설명하는 사건이 일어난 지 오랜 후에 살았던 기록자들이며 정확할 수도 그렇

지 않을 수도 있는 현지의 민간전승과 구전(口傳)을 흔히 많이 담고 있다.2)
It comes from writers who lived long after the events that they relate and often ______________
much local ______________ and tradition that may or may not be ______________.
3. 게다가 때때로 ‘증언’과 원래 사건 사이에 있는 ‘전문’의 정도는 훨씬 더 크다.3)

______________, sometimes the level of “hearsay” between the “______________“ and the ______________
event is even greater.
4. 일부 고대 저자의 글은 다른 고대 인물에 의해 그들의 저작물에서 인용한 것으로만 살아남는다.4)

The writings of some ancient authors survive only in ______________ from their work by other
ancient ______________.
5. 기원전 3세기 초의 이집트 사제인 Manetho가 쓴 이집트 역사는 그런 인용을 통해서만 알려져 있다.5)
The history of Egypt written by Manetho, an Egyptian ______________ of the early third century
BCE, is known only through such quotations.
6. 헬레니즘 시기 바빌로니아 사제인 Berossus의 저작물에 있어서도 마찬가지이다.6)

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ the work of the Hellenistic
Babylonian priest, Berossus.
7. 그러므로 이 저자들은 자신들이 서술하는 사건이 일어난 한참 후에 글을 쓰고 있었을 뿐만 아니라,

우리는 그들이 정확하게 인용되었는지 그러지 않았는지를 결정하고자 애쓴다는 추가적인 문제도 가
지고 있다.7)
Thus, not only were these authors writing long after the events they were ______________, but we
also have the added problem of trying to decide whether or not they were ______________
______________.
8. 분명 역사학자는 그런 자료들을 매우 신중하게 분석해야 하고 고고학이나 다른 문서로 부터 그것들

의 증언에 대한 독자적인 확인을 추구해야 한다.8)
______________, the historian has to ______________ such ______________ with great care and seek
______________ ______________ of their ______________ from ______________ or other texts.
- 63 -
1. Much of the written evidence historians of ancient times must use is the equivalent of what our
legal system calls “hearsay.”1)
2. It comes from writers who lived long after the events that they relate and often contains much
local folklore and tradition that may or may not be accurate.2)
3. Furthermore, sometimes the level of “hearsay” between the “witness” and the original event is
even greater.3)
4. The writings of some ancient authors survive only in quotations from their work by other ancient
figures.4)
5. The history of Egypt written by Manetho, an Egyptian priest of the early third century BCE, is
known only through such quotations.5)
6. The same is true for the work of the Hellenistic Babylonian priest, Berossus.6)
7. Thus, not only were these authors writing long after the events they were describing, but we
also have the added problem of trying to decide whether or not they were quoted correctly.7)
8. Obviously, the historian has to analyze such sources with great care and seek independent
validation of their testimony from archaeology or other texts.8)
- 64 -

Much of the [written / writing] evidence historians of ancient times must use [are / is] the
equivalent of [what / which] our legal system calls “hearsay.”

It comes from writers who lived long after the events that they relate and often [contains /
contain] much local folklore and tradition [that / what] may or may not be accurate.

Furthermore, sometimes the level of “hearsay” between the “witness” and the original event [are /
is] [even / very] greater.

The writings of some ancient authors survive only in quotations from their work by other ancient
[figures / figure].
5. 기원전 3세기 초의 이집트 사제인 Manetho가 쓴 이집트 역사는 그런 인용을 통해서만 알려져 있다.
헬레니즘 시기 바빌로니아 사제인 Berossus의 저작물에 있어서도 마찬가지이다.5)
The history of Egypt [written / writing] by Manetho, an Egyptian priest of the early third century
BCE, [is known / knows] only through such quotations. The same is true for the work of the
Hellenistic Babylonian priest, Berossus.

지고 있다.6)
Thus, not only [was / were] these authors [writing / written] long after the events they were
describing, but we also have the added problem of trying to decide whether or not they [quoted
/ were quoted] correctly.

[Obviously / Obvious], the historian has to analyze such sources with great care and [seeking /
seek] independent validation of their testimony from archaeology or other texts.
- 65 -

(use / written / must / much / evidence / historians / the / of / times / ancient / of) is
(”hearsay" / our / of / system / the equivalent / calls / legal / what).

(lived / comes / after / who / from / the events / it / writers / long) that they relate and often
(may / be / that / may / tradition / folklore / local / not / contains / and / accurate / much /
or).

Furthermore, sometimes (the "witness" / between / is / event / of / greater / original / even /
the level / the / and / "hearsay").

(work / the writings / quotations / authors / of / in / their / from / some / only / ancient /
survive) by other ancient figures.
(the history / Egypt / written / Manetho / of / by), (BCE / century / of / the / an egyptian
priest / third / early), (only / such / quotations / known / through / is)
- 66 -

(is / the Hellenistic Babylonian priest / the / for / same / Berossus / true / work / of / the)

지고 있다.7)
Thus, (they / long / were / were / after / only / not / the events / writing / authors /
describing / these), but we (trying / decide / added / to / problem / the / of / also have) (were
/ whether or / correctly / quoted / not / they).

Obviously, (analyze / with / to / great / care / has / sources / the historian / such) and (seek /
or / texts / of / from / testimony / archaeology / their / validation / other / independent).
- 67 -
Much of the written evidence historians of ancient times must use is the equivalent of what our
legal system calls "hearsay."
(A) It comes from writers who lived long after the events that they relate and often contains much
local folklore and tradition that may or may not be accurate. Furthermore, sometimes the level
of "hearsay" between the "witness" and the original event is even greater. The writings of some
ancient authors survive only in quotations from their work by other ancient figures.
(B) The history of Egypt written by Manetho, an Egyptian priest of the early third century BCE, is
known only through such quotations. The same is true for the work of the Hellenistic
Babylonian priest, Berossus. Thus, not only were these authors writing long after the events they
were describing, but we also have the added problem of trying to decide whether or not they
were quoted correctly.
(C) Obviously, the historian has to analyze such sources with great care and seek independent
validation of their testimony from archaeology or other texts.
___________ → ___________ → ___________
- 68 -

much, must, what, hearsay

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ is the equivalent of ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ "______________."
2. 그것은 그들이 설명하는 사건이 일어난 지 오랜 후에 살았던 기록자들로 부터 오며 정확할 수도 그

렇지 않을 수도 있는 많은 현지의 민간전승과 구전(口傳)을 흔히 담고 있다.2)
long after, event, contain, folklore, tradition, may, accurate

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ that they relate and often ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ that ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________.
furthermore, level, between, original, even, great

______________, sometimes ______________ ______________ ______________ "______________" ______________
______________ "______________" ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________.
writings, author, work, figure

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ only
in ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________.
by, know, through, such

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, an
Egyptian priest of ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.
- 69 -
the same, true, for, work, Hellenistic Babylonian

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ of
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, ______________.

지고 있다.7)
author, event, describe, add, try to, decide, correctly

Thus, not only ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, but we also ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
whether or not ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.

source, with, great, seek, validation, testimony

Obviously, ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ and ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________.
- 70 -
본문 해석지
4강 - Exercise 08
Ordinary citizens are often keen to blame minority or 평범한 시민들은 흔히 자신들의 문제나 실
culturally oppressed groups for their problems or failures. 패에 대해 소수 집단이나 문화적으로 억압
받는 집단을 몹시 비난하고 싶어 한다.
Often this can be explained by ignorance or fear. 흔히 이것은 무지나 두려움으로 설명될 수
있다.
If we do not know or understand the culture of a minority 우리가 어떤 소수 집단이나 억압받는 집단

or oppressed group, it is easy to see its behaviour as 의 문화를 모르거나 이해하지 못한다면, 그
집단의 행위를 용납할 수 없거나 ‘미개한’
unacceptable or ‘uncivilised’ and therefore not worthy of
것으로, 따라서 배려나 존중을 받을 가치가
consideration or respect. 없는 것으로 보기 쉽다.
Only when we come to understand another culture’s ways 다른 문화의 방식을 이해하게 될 때 비로소
can we start to realise that it is, like ours, only human 우리는 그 문화가 우리 문화처럼 인간적일
뿐이며 완전히 틀린 것도 완전히 옳은 것도
and neither totally wrong nor totally right.
아니라는 것을 깨닫기 시작할 수 있다.
It should be a part of a journalist’s role to give readers 독자의 두려움과 편견을 이용하는 것이 아
the information they need to reach sensible decisions, not 니라, 그들에게 합리적인 결정을 내리는 데
필요한 정보를 주는 것이 기자가 하는 역할
to play on their fears and prejudices.
의 일부가 되어야 한다.
If journalists tell people only what they expect to hear 만약 기자가 소수 집단이나 억압받는 집단
about minority or oppressed groups then the debate 에 대해 사람들이 듣기를 기대하는 것만을
그들에게 말해 준다면, 사회에서 그들의 사
about their position in society is not advanced.
회적 지위에 관한 논쟁은 진전되지 않는다.
It is part of the journalist’s duty to help advance society’s 사람들에게 그들의 기존의 편견보다 더 폭
awareness of such problems by providing people with a 넓은 진실을 제공하여 그런 문제에 대한 사
회의 인식을 진전시키는 데 도움을 주는 것
wider truth than their existing prejudices.
이 기자가 해야 하는 의무의 일부이다.
- 71 -
1. Ordinary citizens are often keen to blame minority or culturally oppressed groups for their
problems or failures.1)
______________ 시민들은 흔히 자신들의 문제나 실패에 대해 ______________ 이나 문화적으로
______________ 집단을 몹시 ______________ ______________.
2. Often this can be explained by ignorance or fear.2)

흔히 이것은 ______________나 ______________으로 설명될 수 있다.
3. If we do not know or understand the culture of a minority or oppressed group, it is easy to see
its behaviour as unacceptable or ‘uncivilised’ and therefore not worthy of consideration or
respect.3)
우리가 어떤 소수 집단이나 억압받는 집단의 문화를 모르거나 이해하지 못한다면, 그 집단의 행위를
______________ ‘______________’ 것으로, 따라서 ______________나 존중을 받을 가치가 없는 것으로 보기
쉽다.
4. Only when we come to understand another culture’s ways can we start to realise that it is, like
ours, only human and neither totally wrong nor totally right.4)
다른 문화의 방식을 이해하게 될 때 비로소 우리는 그 문화가 우리 문화처럼 인간적일 뿐이며 완전
히 틀린 것도 ______________ 옳은 것도 아니라는 것을 ______________ 시작할 수 있다.
5. It should be a part of a journalist’s role to give readers the information they need to reach
sensible decisions, not to play on their fears and prejudices.5)
독자의 두려움과 ______________을 ______________ 것이 아니라, 그들에게 ______________ 결정을 내리는
데 필요한 정보를 주는 것이 기자가 하는 역할의 일부가 되어야 한다.
6. If journalists tell people only what they expect to hear about minority or oppressed groups then
the debate about their position in society is not advanced.6)
만약 기자가 소수 집단이나 억압받는 집단에 대해 사람들이 듣기를 기대하는 것만을 그들에게 말해
준다면, 사회에서 그들의 사회적 ______________에 관한 ______________은 ______________ 않는다.
7. It is part of the journalist’s duty to help advance society’s awareness of such problems by
providing people with a wider truth than their existing prejudices.7)
사람들에게 그들의 ______________ 편견보다 더 폭넓은 진실을 제공하여 그런 문제에 대한 사회의
______________을 ______________ 데 도움을 주는 것이 기자가 해야 하는 ______________의 일부이다.
- 72 -
1. 평범한 시민들은 흔히 자신들의 문제나 실패에 대해 소수 집단이나 문화적으로 억압받는 집단을 몹

시 비난하고 싶어 한다.1)
______________ citizens ______________ often ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ or
culturally ______________ groups for their problems or failures.
2. 흔히 이것은 무지나 두려움으로 설명될 수 있다.2)

Often this can be explained by ______________ or ______________.
3. 우리가 어떤 소수 집단이나 억압받는 집단의 문화를 모르거나 이해하지 못한다면, 그 집단의 행위를
용납할 수 없거나 ‘미개한’ 것으로, 따라서 배려나 존중을 받을 가치가 없는 것으로 보기 쉽다.3)
If we do not know or understand the culture of a minority or oppressed group, it is easy to see
its behaviour as ______________ or ‘______________’ and therefore not worthy of ______________ or
respect.
4. 다른 문화의 방식을 이해하게 될 때 비로소 우리는 그 문화가 우리 문화처럼 인간적일 뿐이며 완전

히 틀린 것도 완전히 옳은 것도 아니라는 것을 깨닫기 시작할 수 있다.4)
Only when we come to understand another culture’s ways can we start to ______________ that it is,
like ours, only human and neither ______________ wrong nor totally right.
5. 독자의 두려움과 편견을 이용하는 것이 아니라, 그들에게 합리적인 결정을 내리는 데 필요한 정보를
주는 것이 기자가 하는 역할의 일부가 되어야 한다.5)
It should be a part of a journalist’s role to give readers the information they need to reach
______________ decisions, not to ______________ ______________ their fears and ______________.
6. 만약 기자가 소수 집단이나 억압받는 집단에 대해 사람들이 듣기를 기대하는 것만을 그들에게 말해

준다면, 사회에서 그들의 사회적 지위에 관한 논쟁은 진전되지 않는다.6)
If journalists tell people only what they expect to hear about minority or oppressed groups then
the ______________ about their ______________ in society is not ______________.
7. 사람들에게 그들의 기존의 편견보다 더 폭넓은 진실을 제공하여 그런 문제에 대한 사회의 인식을 진
전시키는 데 도움을 주는 것이 기자가 해야 하는 의무의 일부이다.7)
It is part of the journalist’s ______________ to help ______________ society’s ______________ of such
problems by providing people with a wider truth than their ______________ prejudices.
- 73 -
1. Ordinary citizens are often keen to blame minority or culturally oppressed groups for their
problems or failures.1)
2. Often this can be explained by ignorance or fear.2)
3. If we do not know or understand the culture of a minority or oppressed group, it is easy to see
its behaviour as unacceptable or ‘uncivilised’ and therefore not worthy of consideration or
respect.3)
4. Only when we come to understand another culture’s ways can we start to realise that it is, like
ours, only human and neither totally wrong nor totally right.4)
5. It should be a part of a journalist’s role to give readers the information they need to reach
sensible decisions, not to play on their fears and prejudices.5)
6. If journalists tell people only what they expect to hear about minority or oppressed groups then
the debate about their position in society is not advanced.6)
7. It is part of the journalist’s duty to help advance society’s awareness of such problems by
providing people with a wider truth than their existing prejudices.7)
- 74 -

Ordinary citizens are often keen [blaming / to blame] minority or culturally [oppressed /
oppressing] groups for their problems or failures.

Often this can [be explained / explain] by ignorance or fear.
If we do not know or understand the culture of a minority or oppressed group, [this / it] is easy
to see its behaviour as unacceptable or ‘uncivilised’ and therefore not [worth / worthy] of
consideration or respect.

Only when we come to understand another culture’s ways [we can / can we] start to realise that
it is, like [us / ours], only human and neither totally wrong [or / nor] totally right.
[This / It] should be a part of a journalist’s role to give readers the information they need to
reach sensible decisions, not to play on their fears and prejudices.

If journalists tell people only [which / what] they expect to hear about minority or oppressed
groups then the debate about their position in society is not advanced.
It is part of the journalist’s duty to help [advance / advancing] society’s awareness of such
problems by [provide / providing] people with a [wider / wide] truth than their existing
prejudices.
- 75 -

(citizens / keen / to / oppressed / blame / ordinary / are often / or / minority / or / their
problems / culturally / groups / for / failures)

Often (explained / by / be / can / ignorance / fear / or / this).
(not / a minority / do / if / of / or / group / understand / or / the culture / we / oppressed /
know), (is / it / easy / unacceptable / to / or / behaviour / see / its / ‘uncivilised’ / as) and
therefore (not / respect / of / consideration / or / worthy).

(come / only / we / another / to / culture’s / ways / understand / when) (is / that / to / realise
/ start / can / we / it), like ours, only human and (nor / totally / right / wrong / neither /
totally).
(give / need / should / a journalist’s role / readers / they / of / to / be / a part / it / the
information) (to / reach / sensible / decisions), (prejudices / not / fears / play / to / on / their /
and)
- 76 -

(journalists / minority / groups / or / only / if / oppressed / tell / expect / to / people / what /
hear / they / about) then (advanced / in / is / about / the debate / not / society / their
position).
(help / awareness / the / problems / society’s / of / is / advance / such / journalist’s / part / it
/ duty / to / of) (prejudices / a / by / people / truth / providing / wider / existing / their /
with / than)
- 77 -
Ordinary citizens are often keen to blame minority or culturally oppressed groups for their problems
or failures.
(A) If journalists tell people only what they expect to hear about minority or oppressed groups then
the debate about their position in society is not advanced. It is part of the journalist’s duty to
help advance society’s awareness of such problems by providing people with a wider truth than
their existing prejudices.
(B) Only when we come to understand another culture’s ways can we start to realise that it is, like
ours, only human and neither totally wrong nor totally right. It should be a part of a journalist’s
role to give readers the information they need to reach sensible decisions, not to play on their
fears and prejudices.
(C) Often this can be explained by ignorance or fear. If we do not know or understand the culture
of a minority or oppressed group, it is easy to see its behaviour as unacceptable or ‘uncivilised’
and therefore not worthy of consideration or respect.
___________ → ___________ → ___________
- 78 -

ordinary, keen, oppress

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ or ______________ ______________ ______________ for their problems or failures.

explain, fear
Often ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________.
see, unacceptable, uncivilised, worthy of, consideration

If ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, it
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ and therefore ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________.

come, another, way, start, human, neither, totally, wrong, right

Only when ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ that it is, like
ours, ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________.
- 79 -
it, should, part, role, reach, sensible, play on

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ they
need ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________, not ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________.

tell, what, expect, hear, the debate, position, in society, advance

If ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ then
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________.
duty, advance, awareness, provide, with, wide, existing

It ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ by
______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________
______________ ______________ ______________.
- 80 -
Answer Key 수능특강 영어 4강
정답 딸깍거림은 내가 나 자신을 위해 짜 놓는 방식을 형성한다.

2021년 고3 EBS 수능특강 영어 7) 이 부주의의 반대는 사랑이고, 다른 사람들에게 그들 자신
의 자율성이라는 품위를 인정하고 상호 발견을 허용하는
8단계 WORKBOOK 정답
방식으로 그들을 존중하는 것이다.
본 콘텐츠는 해당 출판사로부터 교과서 라이센스를 획득하여

4강 - Exercise 01
이그잼포유에서 제작하였습니다. 본 콘텐츠에 대한 저작권은
이그잼포유가 소유하고 있으며, 콘텐츠의 전부 또는 일부를 Part 4. 어법 선택형 연습
무단 전재하거나 배포하는 것은 저작권법에 의한 법적 책임 1) holding / based / are / what
을 물을 수 있습니다. 본 콘텐츠의 레이아웃 및 편집에 대한 2) seems
저작권 침해 행위 또한 금지하고 있습니다. 3) ourselves / forget / defining / to be
4) focusing / what / to acknowledge
4강 - Exercise 01 5) that / others / allows / to be / to be
Part 1. 빈칸 연습 (한글) 6) habitually
1) 하지 않는다면 / 결국 / 이외의 / 무관심 / 선입견 / 바탕 7) grants / allows
으로 / 고수함 / 결말을 맞게 한다
2) 살인 / 흔한 / 현상 4강 - Exercise 01
3) 자율성 / 요구하고 / 규정하 / 횡포 Part 5. 순서배열 연습 (문장)
4) 인정하기 / 서서히 퍼지는 / 가한다 1) by holding onto images of one another based on
5) 본연의 모습 / 주의 / 유의한다 preconceptions / that are in turn based on indifference
6) 덧문 / 습관적으로 / 휙 젖혀져 / 짜 놓는 to what is other than ourselves
7) 부주의 / 반대 / 품위 / 상호 / 허용하는 / 존중하는 2) a form of murder and seems to me a rather common
phenomenon
4강 - Exercise 01 3) We claim autonomy for ourselves / forget that in so
Part 2. 빈칸 연습 (영문) doing we can fall into the tyranny of defining other
1) Unless / doom / holding onto / based on / preconceptions people / as we would like them to be
/ in turn / indifference / other than 4) By focusing on what we choose to acknowledge in
2) murder / common / phenomenon them, we impose an insidious control on them.
3) claim / autonomy / tyranny / defining 5) I notice that I have to pay careful attention in order to
4) acknowledge / impose / insidious listen to others with an openness that allows them to
be as they are, or as they think themselves to be.
5) notice / attention / as they are
6) The shutters of my mind habitually flip open and click
6) shutters / habitually / flip / arrange
shut and these little snaps form into patterns I arrange
7) opposite / inattention / honoring / grants / grace / mutual
for myself.
7) The opposite of this inattention is love, is the honoring
4강 - Exercise 01
of others in a way that grants them the grace of their
own autonomy and allows mutual discovery.
1) 우리가 매우, 매우 조심하지 않는다면, 우리는 결국 우리
자신 이외의 것에 대한 무관심을 근거로 하는 선입견을 바
4강 - Exercise 01
탕으로 서로의 이미지를 고수함으로써 서로가 불행한 결말
을 맞게 한다.
1) (B) - (C) - (A)
2) 이러한 무관심은 극단적인 경우에는 살인의 한 형태일 수
있고 내게는 다소 흔한 현상처럼 보인다.
4강 - Exercise 01
3) 우리는 자신을 위한 자율성을 요구하고, 그렇게 할 때 우리
가 바라는 대로 다른 사람을 규정하는 횡포에 빠질 수 있 Part 7. 영작 연습
다는 것을 잊는다. 1) Unless we are very, very careful, we doom each other
4) 우리가 그들에게서 인정하기로 선택한 것에 초점을 맞춤으 by holding onto images of one another based on
로써, 우리는 그들에게 서서히 퍼지는 통제를 가한다. preconceptions / are in turn based on indifference to
5) 나는 다른 사람들을 본연의 모습으로 혹은 그들이 생각하 what is other than ourselves
는 본연의 모습이 될 수 있게 하는 개방된 마음을 가지고 2) This indifference can be, in its extreme, a form of murder
그들에게 귀를 기울이기 위해서는, 세심한 주의를 기울여야 / seems to me a rather common phenomenon
한다는 데 유의한다. 3) We claim autonomy for ourselves / we can fall into the tyranny
6) 내 마음의 덧문은 습관적으로 휙 젖혀져 열리고 딸깍 닫히 of defining other people / we would like them to be
는데, 이 작은 (마음의 덧문이 습관적으로 열리고 닫히는) 4) By focusing on what we choose to acknowledge in them,
- 81 -
we impose an insidious control on them. 기반 시설을 맨 처음부터 개보수 해야 하는 것보다 아마도

5) I notice that I have to pay careful attention in order to 비용이 덜 들 것이다.
listen to others with an openness / allows them to be
as they are / they think themselves to be 4강 - Exercise 02
6) The shutters of my mind habitually flip open and click Part 4. 어법 선택형 연습
shut / these little snaps form into patterns I arrange for 1) is
myself 2) is repaired / is constructed / incorporating
7) The opposite of this inattention is love / the honoring 3) Failing / to take / likely
of others in a way / grants them the grace of their
4) Failing / to screen / lead to
own autonomy and allows mutual discovery
5) required
6) employing / making / relatively / planning
4강 - Exercise 02 7) cheaper / having
1) 사회 기반 시설 / 설계하 / 운영하 / 폐기하 4강 - Exercise 02
2) 노후화되어 가는 / 수리하 / 개보수할 / 건설할 / 영향 / Part 5. 순서배열 연습 (문장)
포함시키는 / 일상화되어
1) Designing, building, operating, upgrading, and eventually
3) 고려하 / 못하는 / 유지 보수 retiring infrastructure projects is an expensive process.
4) 회복력 / 확인하 / 붕괴 2) As aging infrastructure is repaired and retrofitted / as
5) 선행 new infrastructure is constructed / incorporating future
6) 사려 깊은 / 전략 / 이용하 / 앞으로 / 극단적인 / 적은 risks from climate change impacts into their design,
7) 접근법 / 상황 / 악화되는 / 맨 처음부터 construction, and operation must become routine
3) Failing to take those risks into account / lead to increased
4강 - Exercise 02 maintenance and operating costs and shortened service
Part 2. 빈칸 연습 (영문) life
1) Designing / operating / retiring / infrastructure 4) Failing to screen projects for climate resilience will lead
2) aging / repaired / retrofitted / constructed / incorporating to more waste and more infrastructure collapse.
/ impacts / routine 5) The stronger infrastructure required may come with a
3) Failing to / take / into account / maintenance significant upfront cost.
4) screen / resilience / collapse 6) employing thoughtful design strategies can allow for
5) upfront making relatively modest resilience investments / while

still planning for more extreme events down the road
6) employing / thoughtful / strategies / modest / extreme
/ down the road 7) This approach could well be cheaper than having to
retrofit the infrastructure / if conditions worsen beyond
7) approach / from scratch / conditions / worsen
expectations
4강 - Exercise 02
4강 - Exercise 02
1) 사회 기반 시설 사업을 설계하고, 이루어 내고, 운영하고, 개선
1) (C) - (A) - (B)
하며, 결국에는 폐기하는 것은 비용이 많이 드는 과정이다.
2) 노후화되어 가는 사회 기반 시설을 수리하고 개보수할 때,
그리고 새로운 사회 기반 시설을 건설할 때, 기후 변화의 4강 - Exercise 02
영향에서 오는 앞으로의 위험들을 설계, 건설, 운영에 포함 Part 7. 영작 연습
시키는 것은 일상화되어야 한다. 1) Designing, building, operating, upgrading, and eventually
3) 이러한 위험을 고려하지 못하는 것은 아마도 유지 보수 및 retiring infrastructure projects is an expensive process.
운영 비용의 증가와 사용 기간의 단축으로 이어질 것이다. 2) aging infrastructure is repaired and retrofitted / new
4) 기후회복력이 있는지에 대하여 사업을 확인하지 못하면 더 infrastructure is constructed, incorporating future risks
많은 폐기물과 더 많은 사회 기반 시설 붕괴로 이어질 것이다. from climate change impacts into their design, construction,
5) 요구되는 더 강력한 사회 기반 시설은 상당한 선행 투자 and operation must become routine
비용을 수반할 수도 있다. 3) Failing to take those risks into account will likely lead to
6) 그러나 사려 깊은 설계 전략을 이용하면 앞으로 더 극단적 increased maintenance and operating costs and shortened
인 사건들에 대한 계획을 계속해서 세우면서도 회복력에 service life.
대한 현재의 비교적 적은 투자를 가능하게 할 수 있다. 4) Failing to screen projects for climate resilience will lead
7) 이러한 접근법은 상황이 예상보다 악화되는 경우에 사회 to more waste and more infrastructure collapse.
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5) The stronger infrastructure required may come with a 2) It / because / represents / through which / that / when
significant upfront cost. 3) uniformly
6) employing thoughtful design strategies / allow for making 4) has
relatively modest resilience investments / planning for 5) have
more extreme events down the road 6) others
7) be cheaper than having to retrofit the infrastructure from 7) vary
scratch / conditions worsen beyond expectations
4강 - Exercise 03
4강 - Exercise 03 Part 5. 순서배열 연습 (문장)
Part 1. 빈칸 연습 (한글) 1) though at various rates and not always in the same
1) 속도 / 다양하 direction
2) 대체로 / 선율적 / 해당한다 / 부족 / 추정하는 2) It would be foolish to assume / because it is largely
3) 일률적으로 / 복잡한 melodic and without harmony / represents an “earlier
4) 적응하는 / 연관하여 / 고유한 stage” through which Western music has already passed
5) 식별할 / 와 대개 연관되어 있다 / had music similar to that of Native Americans
6) 영향을 주어 / 영향 3) Musics do not uniformly change from simple to complex.
7) 다르다 4) Each music has its own unique history, related to the
history of its culture, to the way people adapt to their
4강 - Exercise 03 natural and social environment.
Part 2. 빈칸 연습 (영문) 5) The patterns we may discern in the world’s music history
usually have to do with the relationships of cultures to
1) various / rates
one another.
2) assume / largely / melodic / represents / tribes
6) Western‑derived culture has affected most others / most
3) uniformly / complex
non‑Western musics now show some influences of
4) unique / related to / adapt to
Western music
5) discern / have to do with
7) the results of this influence vary from culture to culture
6) affected / influences
7) vary
4강 - Exercise 03
4강 - Exercise 03
1) (A) - (C) - (B)
1) 모든 음악은 역사가 있으며, 비록 속도는 다양하고 항상 같
4강 - Exercise 03
은 방향은 아니지만, 변화하며 항상 변화해 오고 있다.
2) 인도 음악이 대체로 선율적이며 화음이 없다는 이유로 서
양 음악이 이미 지나온 ‘이전 단계’에 어느 정도 해당한다 1) All musics have a history / all music changes, has always
고 추정하거나, 유럽인들이 부족 단위로 살던 시절에는 미 been changing / at various rates and not always in the
국 원주민들의 음악과 비슷한 음악을 가졌을 것으로 추정 same direction
하는 것은 어리석은 일이 될 것이다. 2) It would be foolish to assume / it is largely melodic and
3) 음악은 일률적으로 단순한 것에서 복잡한 것으로 변화하지 without harmony / represents an “earlier stage” through
는 않는다. which Western music has already passed / the days

when they lived in tribes, had music similar to that of
4) 각각의 음악은 그 문화의 역사와 사람들이 자신들의 자연
Native Americans
및 사회 환경에 적응하는 방식과 연관하여 그 자체의 고유
한 역사를 가지고 있다. 3) Musics do not uniformly change from simple to complex.
5) 우리가 세계의 음악사에서 식별할 수 있는 패턴은 문화들 4) Each music has its own unique history, related to the
이 서로에게 갖는 관계와 대개 연관되어 있다. history of its culture / the way people adapt to their
natural and social environment
6) 그리하여 20세기에는 서양에서 유래한 문화가 대부분의 다
른 문화에 영향을 주어서 대부분의 비서양 음악은 이제 어 5) The patterns we may discern in the world’s music history
느 정도 서양 음악의 영향을 보여 준다. / have to do with the relationships of cultures to one

another
7) 그러나 이 영향의 결과는 문화마다 서로 다르다.
6) Western‑derived culture has affected most others, most
non‑Western musics now show some influences of
4강 - Exercise 03
Western music
7) the results of this influence vary from culture to culture
1) though
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3) they decay
4강 - Exercise 04 4) to make / them
Part 1. 빈칸 연습 (한글) 5) where / are
1) 고고학 / 방식 6) accordingly / made / given
2) 상세히 / 고고학자 / 인정받는 7) existed
3) 유물 / 부식한다 8) turns / which
4) 에 따라 / 유형 / 연구한다
5) 발굴 / 정교하게 만드는 / 조각 4강 - Exercise 04
6) 따라서 / 기록 Part 5. 순서배열 연습 (문장)
7) 다의성 / 구성되는 / 명확한 / 실체 1) Archaeology is a mode of production of the past.
8) 원자재 / 기록 / 논쟁 / 칭해지는 2) This would seem to be recognised by those many
9) 만들어 내는 archaeologists and textbooks that talk at length of
archaeological techniques — archaeology seen as
technology.
4강 - Exercise 04
3) The past has left remains / they decay in the ground
4) According to their interest, an archaeologist works on
1) Archaeology / mode
the material remains to make something of them.
2) recognised / archaeologists / at length
5) excavation is invention/discovery or sculpture / where
3) remains / decay
archaeologists craft remains of the past into forms
4) According to / works on / material
which are meaningful
5) excavation / sculpture / craft
6) The archaeological ‘record’ is / not a record at all /
6) ‘record’ / accordingly
made, not given, ‘data’
7) equivocality / constituted / definitive / entity
7) ‘The past’ is gone and lost / through the equivocality of
8) raw material / archive / controversy / termed
things and the character of society as constituted
9) production through meaning / never existed as a definitive entity
‘the present’ anyway
4강 - Exercise 04 8) An archaeologist has a raw material, the remains of the
Part 3. 해석 연습 past, and turns it into something / data, a report, set of
1) 고고학은 과거를 만들어 내는 방식이다. drawings, a museum exhibition, an archive, a television
2) 이 말은 고고학적 기법에 관해 상세히 이야기하는 그 많은 programme, evidence in an academic controversy / that
고고학자와 교과서에 의해 인정받는 것처럼 보일 것인데, which is termed ‘knowledge of the past’
이는 기술로 간주되는 고고학이다. 9) This is a mode of production.
3) 과거는 유물을 남겼고, 그것들은 땅속에서 부식한다.
4) 고고학자는 자신의 관심에 따라 유형 유물들로 중요한 것 4강 - Exercise 04
을 만들어 내기 위해 그것들을 연구한다. Part 6. 순서배열 연습 (문단)
5) 그러므로 발굴이라는 것은 발명 겸 발견, 즉 고고학자들이 1) (A) - (C) - (B)
과거의 유물을 의미 있는 형태로 정교하게 만드는 조각이다.
6) 따라서 고고학의 ‘기록’은 전혀 기록이 아니고, 주어지지 않
4강 - Exercise 04
고 만들어진 ‘자료’이다.
7) ‘과거’는 사라져서 없어졌고, ‘더더구나’, 사물의 다의성과
1) Archaeology is a mode of production of the past.
의미를 통해 구성되는 사회의 성격으로 인해, 어쨌든 명확
2) seem to be recognised by those many archaeologists and
한 실체인 ‘현재’로 결코 존재한 적이 없었다.
textbooks / talk at length of archaeological techniques /
8) 고고학자는 원자재, 즉 과거의 유물을 가지고 있고 그것을
seen as technology
중요한 것, 즉 자료, 보고서, 도면 세트, 박물관 전시품, (역
3) The past has left remains / they decay in the ground
사적) 기록 보관물, 텔레비전 프로그램, 학문적 논쟁의 증거,
4) According to their interest, an archaeologist works on
그리고 어쩌면 ‘과거의 지식’이라고 칭해지는 것으로 바꾼다.
the material remains / make something of them
9) 이것이 (과거를) 만들어 내는 방식이다.
5) sculpture where archaeologists craft remains of the past
into forms which are meaningful
4강 - Exercise 04
6) The archaeological ‘record’ is / not a record at all /
made, not given, ‘data’
1) production
7) ‘The past’ is gone and lost / through the equivocality of
2) be recognised / talk
things and the character of society / constituted through
- 84 -
meaning / existed as a definitive entity 2) were interviewed

8) An archaeologist has a raw material, the remains of the 3) Most of / making
past / turns it into something — data, a report, set of 4) whose
drawings, a museum exhibition, an archive, a television 5) based / are / what
programme, evidence / an academic controversy / which 6) work
is termed ‘knowledge of the past’ 7) that / would
9) This is a mode of production.
4강 - Exercise 05
4강 - Exercise 05 Part 5. 순서배열 연습 (문장)
Part 1. 빈칸 연습 (한글) 1) An educational institution that I have been associated with
1) 관련이 있었던 / 교수진 / 진실성 / 의문이 제기되 / 특히 recently went through a particularly traumatic time when
/ 힘겨운 / 보냈다 the credibility of the administration was questioned by the
2) 원활하게 진행시키기 / 조직 faculty and staff.
3) 상담가들 / 신뢰 / 구조적 2) Various organizational consultants were interviewed to
4) 기관 / 와 관련이 없다 / 태도 / 고용했다 facilitate a “healing” process.
5) 상호 / 호의 / 분위기 / 개인 간의 3) Most of the consultants spoke of making the necessary
6) 뛰어난 / 명성 structural changes to create a culture of trust.
7) 특징 / 개인 / 선택할 4) The institution finally hired a consultant whose attitude was
that organizational structure has nothing to do with trust.
4강 - Exercise 05 5) Interpersonal relations based on mutual respect and an

atmosphere of goodwill are what creates a culture of trust.
1) associated / went through / particularly / traumatic / 6) Would you rather work as part of a school with an
credibility / questioned / faculty outstanding reputation / work as part of a group of

outstanding individuals
2) organizational / facilitate
7) these two characteristics go together / one had to make
3) consultants / structural / trust
a choice / most people would opt to work with
4) institution / hired / attitude / has nothing to do with
outstanding individuals
5) Interpersonal / mutual / atmosphere / goodwill
6) outstanding / reputation
4강 - Exercise 05
7) characteristics / opt / individuals
1) (A) - (B) - (C)
4강 - Exercise 05
4강 - Exercise 05
1) 내가 관련이 있었던 교육 기관이 최근 교수진과 직원들에
의해 경영진[본부]의 진실성에 의문이 제기되는 특히 힘겨 Part 7. 영작 연습
운 시간을 보냈다. 1) educational institution that I have been associated with /
2) ‘치유’ 과정을 원활하게 진행시키기 위해 여러 조직 상담가 went through a particularly traumatic time / the credibility
들을 면담했다. of the administration was questioned by the faculty and

staff
3) 그 상담가들의 대부분은 신뢰의 문화를 형성하기 위해 필
수적인 구조적 변화를 행하는 것에 대해 말했다. 2) Various organizational consultants were interviewed to
facilitate a “healing” process.
4) 그 기관은 최종적으로 조직의 구조는 신뢰와 관련이 없다
는 태도를 가진 상담가를 고용했다. 3) Most of the consultants spoke of making the necessary
structural changes / create a culture of trust
5) 상호 존중과 호의적인 분위기를 바탕으로 한 개인 간의 관
계가 신뢰의 문화를 형성하는 것이다. 4) The institution finally hired a consultant / was that
organizational structure has nothing to do with trust
6) 여러분은 뛰어난 명성을 가진 학교의 일원으로 근무하겠는가
아니면 뛰어난 개인들로 구성된 집단의 일부로 근무하겠는가? 5) Interpersonal relations based on mutual respect and an
atmosphere of goodwill / what creates a culture of trust
7) 많은 경우에 이 두 특징은 함께 존재하지만, 만약 선택해야
한다면 나는 대부분의 사람들이 뛰어난 개인과 일하기를 6) you rather work as part of a school with an outstanding
선택할 것이라 믿는다. reputation / work as part of a group of outstanding

individuals
7) these two characteristics go together / one had to make
4강 - Exercise 05
a choice / most people would opt to work with outstanding
individual
1) been associated / went / when
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5) to be celebrated
4강 - Exercise 06 6) that
Part 1. 빈칸 연습 (한글) 7) that / alive / waiting
1) 지성 / 축복을 부여받았다 8) to travel / held
2) 에게 달려
3) 지식인 / 흡족해하지 / 능력 / 척하기 4강 - Exercise 06
4) 결승점 Part 5. 순서배열 연습 (문장)
5) 위험 / 끊임없는 1) We all have been blessed with intellect.
6) 끊임없이 / 겸허하게 / 향상 되어야 2) It is up to us to develop what we have been given.
7) 실제로 / 거의 없다 3) The true intellectual does not gloat in what she knows /
8) 숙달하는 / 무한히 많은 / 다뤄지기 / 있다는 점에서 no one has the capacity to know everything / the fool
9) 탐욕스럽게 pretends otherwise
4) Knowledge has no finish line.
4강 - Exercise 06 5) as with life / it is merely a perpetual marathon full of

potential and pitfalls
6) Intellect is not to be celebrated; it should be constantly
1) been blessed with / intellect
and humbly improved.
2) up to
7) The more one learns, the more one understands that he
3) intellectual / gloat / capacity / pretends
or she actually knows very little.
4) finish line
8) Mastering one topic means very little / an infinite amount
5) perpetual / pitfalls
of new topics remain alive and waiting to be tackled
6) constantly / humbly / improved
9) There is no better way to travel the journey of life /
7) actually / little
with a book held greedily in hand
8) Mastering / in the sense that / infinite / tackled
9) greedily
4강 - Exercise 06
4강 - Exercise 06
1) (A) - (B) - (C)
1) 우리는 모두 지성이라는 축복을 부여받았다.
4강 - Exercise 06
2) 우리에게 주어진 것을 계발하는 것은 우리에게 달려 있다.
3) 진정한 지식인은 자신이 알고 있는 것에 흡족해하지 않는
1) have been blessed with intellect
데, 왜냐하면 아무도 모든 것을 알 수 있는 능력이 없고,
2) It is up to us to develop what we have been given.
바보만이 그렇지 않은 척하기 때문이다.
3) The true intellectual does not gloat in what she knows /
4) 지식에는 결승점이 없다.
no one has the capacity to know everything / the fool
5) 대신 인생과 마찬가지로 그것은 잠재력과 위험으로 가득
pretends otherwise
찬, 끊임없는 마라톤일 뿐이다.
4) Knowledge has no finish line.
6) 지성은 (부여받았음을) 축하해야 할 것이 아니라, 끊임없이
5) as with life / is merely a perpetual marathon full of
그리고 겸허하게 향상 되어야 할 것이다.
potential and pitfalls
7) 우리는 더 많이 배울수록 자신이 실제로 아는 것이 거의
6) Intellect is not to be celebrated; it should be constantly
없다는 것을 더 많이 이해한다.
and humbly improved.
8) 하나의 주제에 숙달하는 것은 무한히 많은 새로운 주제들
7) The more one learns, the more one understands /
이 여전히 존재하여 다뤄지기를 기다리고 있다는 점에서
actually knows very little
거의 의미가 없다.
8) Mastering one topic means very little / the sense that
9) 탐욕스럽게 손에 책을 쥐고 있는 것보다 인생이라는 여정
an infinite amount of new topics remain alive / waiting
을 여행하는 더 좋은 방법은 없다.
to be tackled
9) There is no better way to travel the journey of life /
4강 - Exercise 06
with a book held greedily in hand
1) been blessed
4강 - Exercise 07
2) what / given
3) what / has
1) 고대 / 증거 / 법률 / 전문 / 상응하는 것
4) Instead / merely
2) 정확할 / 민간전승 / 담고 있다
- 86 -
3) 게다가 / 증언 / 원래
4) 인물 / 인용한 것 4강 - Exercise 07
5) 사제 Part 5. 순서배열 연습 (문장)
6) 에 있어서도 마찬가지이다 1) Much of the written evidence historians of ancient times
7) 서술하는 / 정확하게 / 인용되었는지 must use / the equivalent of what our legal system calls
8) 분명 / 자료들 / 분석해야 / 고고학 / 증언 / 독자적인 / 확인 “hearsay"
2) It comes from writers who lived long after the events /
4강 - Exercise 07 contains much local folklore and tradition that may or
Part 2. 빈칸 연습 (영문) may not be accurate
1) evidence / ancient times / equivalent / legal / hearsay 3) the level of "hearsay“ between the "witness“ and the
2) contains / folklore / accurate original event is even greater
3) Furthermore / witness / original 4) The writings of some ancient authors survive only in
quotations from their work
4) quotations / figures
5) The history of Egypt written by Manetho, an Egyptian
5) priest
priest of the early third century BCE, is known only
6) The same is true for
through such quotations.
7) describing / quoted / correctly
6) The same is true for the work of the Hellenistic
8) Obviously / analyze / sources / independent / validation
Babylonian priest, Berossus.
/ testimony / archaeology
7) not only were these authors writing long after the
events they were describing / also have the added
4강 - Exercise 07
problem of trying to decide / whether or not they were
Part 3. 해석 연습 quoted correctly
1) 고대를 연구하는 역사학자들이 이용해야 하는 글로 쓰인
8) the historian has to analyze such sources with great care
증거의 많은 부분은 우리의 법률 제도가 ‘전문(傳聞)’이라고
/ seek independent validation of their testimony from
부르는 것에 상응하는 것이다.
archaeology or other texts
2) 그것의 출처는 그들이 설명하는 사건이 일어난 지 오랜 후
에 살았던 기록자들이며 정확할 수도 그렇지 않을 수도 있
4강 - Exercise 07
는 현지의 민간전승과 구전(口傳)을 흔히 많이 담고 있다.
3) 게다가 때때로 ‘증언’과 원래 사건 사이에 있는 ‘전문’의 정
1) (A) - (B) - (C)
도는 훨씬 더 크다.
4) 일부 고대 저자의 글은 다른 고대 인물에 의해 그들의 저
작물에서 인용한 것으로만 살아남는다. 4강 - Exercise 07
5) 기원전 3세기 초의 이집트 사제인 Manetho가 쓴 이집트 Part 7. 영작 연습
역사는 그런 인용을 통해서만 알려져 있다. 1) Much of the written evidence historians of ancient times
6) 헬레니즘 시기 바빌로니아 사제인 Berossus의 저작물에 있 must use / what our legal system calls “hearsay”
어서도 마찬가지이다. 2) It comes from writers who lived long after the events /
7) 그러므로 이 저자들은 자신들이 서술하는 사건이 일어난 contains much local folklore and tradition / may or may
한참 후에 글을 쓰고 있었을 뿐만 아니라, 우리는 그들이 not accurate
정확하게 인용되었는지 그러지 않았는지를 결정하고자 애 3) Furthermore / the level of “hearsay” between the “witness”
쓴다는 추가적인 문제도 가지고 있다. and the original event is even greate
8) 분명 역사학자는 그런 자료들을 매우 신중하게 분석해야 4) The writings of some ancient authors survive / quotations
하고 고고학이나 다른 문서로 부터 그것들의 증언에 대한 from their work by other ancient figures
독자적인 확인을 추구해야 한다. 5) The history of Egypt written by Manetho / the early third
century BCE, is known only through such quotations
4강 - Exercise 07 6) The same is true for the work / the Hellenistic Babylonian
Part 4. 어법 선택형 연습 priest, Berossus
1) written / is / what 7) were these authors writing long after the events they
were describing / have the added problem of trying to
2) contains / that
decide / they were quoted correctly
3) is / even
8) the historian has to analyze such sources with great care
4) figures
/ seek independent validation of their testimony from
5) written / is known
archaeology or other texts
6) were / writing / were quoted
7) Obviously / seek
- 87 -
4강 - Exercise 08 4강 - Exercise 08
Part 1. 빈칸 연습 (한글) Part 5. 순서배열 연습 (문장)
1) 평범한 / 소수 집단 / 억압받는 / 비난하고 / 싶어 한다 1) Ordinary citizens are often keen to blame minority or
2) 무지 / 두려움 culturally oppressed groups for their problems or
3) 용납할 수 없거나 / 미개한 / 배려 failures.
4) 완전히 / 깨닫기 2) this can be explained by ignorance or fear
5) 편견 / 이용하는 / 합리적인 3) If we do not know or understand the culture of a
6) 지위 / 논쟁 / 진전되지 minority or oppressed group / it is easy to see its
7) 기존의 / 인식 / 진전시키는 / 의무 behaviour as unacceptable or ‘uncivilised’ / not worthy

of consideration or respect
4) Only when we come to understand another culture’s
4강 - Exercise 08
ways / can we start to realise that it is / neither totally
wrong nor totally right
1) Ordinary / are / keen to / blame / minority / oppressed
5) It should be a part of a journalist’s role to give readers
2) ignorance / fear
the information they need to reach sensible decisions,
3) unacceptable / uncivilised / consideration
not to play on their fears and prejudices.
4) realise / totally
6) If journalists tell people only what they expect to hear
5) sensible / play on / prejudices
about minority or oppressed groups / the debate about
6) debate / position / advanced their position in society is not advanced
7) duty / advance / awareness / existing 7) It is part of the journalist’s duty to help advance
society’s awareness of such problems by providing
4강 - Exercise 08 people with a wider truth than their existing prejudices.
1) 평범한 시민들은 흔히 자신들의 문제나 실패에 대해 소수 집단 4강 - Exercise 08
이나 문화적으로 억압받는 집단을 몹시 비난하고 싶어 한다. Part 6. 순서배열 연습 (문단)
2) 흔히 이것은 무지나 두려움으로 설명될 수 있다. 1) (C) - (B) - (A)
3) 우리가 어떤 소수 집단이나 억압받는 집단의 문화를 모르
거나 이해하지 못한다면, 그 집단의 행위를 용납할 수 없거
4강 - Exercise 08
나 ‘미개한’ 것으로, 따라서 배려나 존중을 받을 가치가 없
는 것으로 보기 쉽다.
1) Ordinary citizens are often keen to blame minority /
4) 다른 문화의 방식을 이해하게 될 때 비로소 우리는 그 문
culturally oppressed groups
화가 우리 문화처럼 인간적일 뿐이며 완전히 틀린 것도 완
2) this can be explained by ignorance or fear
전히 옳은 것도 아니라는 것을 깨닫기 시작할 수 있다.
3) we do not know or understand the culture of a minority
5) 독자의 두려움과 편견을 이용하는 것이 아니라, 그들에게
or oppressed group / is easy to see its behaviour as
합리적인 결정을 내리는 데 필요한 정보를 주는 것이 기자
unacceptable or ‘uncivilised’ / not worthy of consideration
가 하는 역할의 일부가 되어야 한다.
or respect
6) 만약 기자가 소수 집단이나 억압받는 집단에 대해 사람들
4) we come to understand another culture’s ways can we
이 듣기를 기대하는 것만을 그들에게 말해 준다면, 사회에
start to realise / only human and neither totally wrong
서 그들의 사회적 지위에 관한 논쟁은 진전되지 않는다.
nor totally right
7) 사람들에게 그들의 기존의 편견보다 더 폭넓은 진실을 제
5) It should be a part of a journalist’s role to give readers
공하여 그런 문제에 대한 사회의 인식을 진전시키는 데 도
the information / to reach sensible decisions / to play
움을 주는 것이 기자가 해야 하는 의무의 일부이다.
on their fears and prejudices
6) journalists tell people only what they expect to hear
4강 - Exercise 08
about minority or oppressed groups / the debate about
their position in society is not advanced
1) to blame / oppressed
7) is part of the journalist’s duty to help advance society’s
2) be explained
awareness of such problems / providing people with a
3) it / worthy wider truth than their existing prejudices
4) can we / ours / nor
5) It
6) what
7) advance / providing / wider
- 88 -

2021년 고3 EBS 수능특강 영어 8단계 WORKBOOK 4강

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2021년 고3 EBS 수능특강 영어 4강 WORKBOOK

영문과 해석을 읽으며 문장의 의미를 파악합니다.

By focusing on what we choose to acknowledge in them, 우리가 그들에게서 인정하기로 선택한 것에

영문을 보고 우리말 해석의 빈칸을 완성하시오.

4. By focusing on what we choose to acknowledge in them, we impose an insidious control on

우리말 해석을 보고 영문의 빈칸을 완성하시오.

1. 우리가 매우, 매우 조심하지 않는다면, 우리는 결국 우리 자신 이외의 것에 대한 무관심을 근거로 하

2. 이러한 무관심은 극단적인 경우에는 살인의 한 형태일 수 있고 내게는 다소 흔한 현상처럼 보인다.2)

3. 우리는 자신을 위한 자율성을 요구하고, 그렇게 할 때 우리가 바라는 대로 다른 사람을 규정하는 횡

5. 나는 다른 사람들을 본연의 모습으로 혹은 그들이 생각하는 본연의 모습이 될 수 있게 하는 개방된

6. 내 마음의 덧문은 습관적으로 휙 젖혀져 열리고 딸깍 닫히는데, 이 작은 (마음의 덧문이 습관적으로

7. 이 부주의의 반대는 사랑이고, 다른 사람들에게 그들 자신의 자율성이라는 품위를 인정하고 상호 발

영어 문장을 읽고 한글 해석을 쓰시오.

4. By focusing on what we choose to acknowledge in them, we impose an insidious control on

괄호 안에서 어법상 쓰임이 바른 것을 고르시오.

1. 우리가 매우, 매우 조심하지 않는다면, 우리는 결국 우리 자신 이외의 것에 대한 무관심을 근거로 하

2. 이러한 무관심은 극단적인 경우에는 살인의 한 형태일 수 있고 내게는 다소 흔한 현상처럼 보인다.2)

3. 우리는 자신을 위한 자율성을 요구하고, 그렇게 할 때 우리가 바라는 대로 다른 사람을 규정하는 횡

5. 나는 다른 사람들을 본연의 모습으로 혹은 그들이 생각하는 본연의 모습이 될 수 있게 하는 개방된

6. 내 마음의 덧문은 습관적으로 휙 젖혀져 열리고 딸깍 닫히는데, 이 작은 (마음의 덧문이 습관적으로

7. 이 부주의의 반대는 사랑이고, 다른 사람들에게 그들 자신의 자율성이라는 품위를 인정하고 상호 발

Part 5. 순서배열 연습 (문장)

다음 우리말과 같은 뜻이 되도록 주어진 단어를 바르게 배열하시오.

1. 우리가 매우, 매우 조심하지 않는다면, 우리는 결국 우리 자신 이외의 것에 대한 무관심을 근거로 하

2. 이러한 무관심은 극단적인 경우에는 살인의 한 형태일 수 있고 내게는 다소 흔한 현상처럼 보인다.2)

3. 우리는 자신을 위한 자율성을 요구하고, 그렇게 할 때 우리가 바라는 대로 다른 사람을 규정하는 횡

5. 나는 다른 사람들을 본연의 모습으로 혹은 그들이 생각하는 본연의 모습이 될 수 있게 하는 개방된

6. 내 마음의 덧문은 습관적으로 휙 젖혀져 열리고 딸깍 닫히는데, 이 작은 (마음의 덧문이 습관적으로

7. 이 부주의의 반대는 사랑이고, 다른 사람들에게 그들 자신의 자율성이라는 품위를 인정하고 상호 발

Part 6. 순서배열 연습 (문단)

다음 주어진 문단을 바르게 배열하시오.

◆ 다음 글을 흐름상 알맞게 배열하시오.1)

___________ → ___________ → ___________

다음 우리말과 같은 뜻이 되도록 주어진 단어를 순서대로 사용하여 영작하시오.

1. 우리가 매우, 매우 조심하지 않는다면, 우리는 결국 우리 자신 이외의 것에 대한 무관심을 근거로 하

2. 이러한 무관심은 극단적인 경우에는 살인의 한 형태일 수 있고 내게는 다소 흔한 현상처럼 보인다.2)

can, in, extreme, form, seem, rather, common

3. 우리는 자신을 위한 자율성을 요구하고, 그렇게 할 때 우리가 바라는 대로 다른 사람을 규정하는 횡

claim, autonomy, fall into, tyranny, define, would, like, be

focus, what, acknowledge, impose, insidious

5. 나는 다른 사람들을 본연의 모습으로 혹은 그들이 생각하는 본연의 모습이 될 수 있게 하는 개방된

notice, pay, careful, order, openness, allow

6. 내 마음의 덧문은 습관적으로 휙 젖혀져 열리고 딸깍 닫히는데, 이 작은 (마음의 덧문이 습관적으로

7. 이 부주의의 반대는 사랑이고, 다른 사람들에게 그들 자신의 자율성이라는 품위를 인정하고 상호 발

inattention, the honoring, others, in, way, grant, grace, allow

영문과 해석을 읽으며 문장의 의미를 파악합니다.

Designing, building, operating, upgrading, and eventually 사회 기반 시설 사업을 설계하고, 이루어 내

As aging infrastructure is repaired and retrofitted, and as 노후화되어 가는 사회 기반 시설을 수리하

영문을 보고 우리말 해석의 빈칸을 완성하시오.

1. Designing, building, operating, upgrading, and eventually retiring infrastructure projects is an

2. As aging infrastructure is repaired and retrofitted, and as new infrastructure is constructed,

우리말 해석을 보고 영문의 빈칸을 완성하시오.

1. 사회 기반 시설 사업을 설계하고, 이루어 내고, 운영하고, 개선하며, 결국에는 폐기하는 것은 비용이

2. 노후화되어 가는 사회 기반 시설을 수리하고 개보수할 때, 그리고 새로운 사회 기반 시설을 건설할

3. 이러한 위험을 고려하지 못하는 것은 아마도 유지 보수 및 운영 비용의 증가와 사용 기간의 단축으

4. 기후회복력이 있는지에 대하여 사업을 확인하지 못하면 더 많은 폐기물과 더 많은 사회 기반 시설

5. 요구되는 더 강력한 사회 기반 시설은 상당한 선행 투자 비용을 수반할 수도 있다.5)

6. 그러나 사려 깊은 설계 전략을 이용하면 앞으로 더 극단적인 사건들에 대한 계획을 계속해서 세우면

7. 이러한 접근법은 상황이 예상보다 악화되는 경우에 사회 기반 시설을 맨 처음부터 개보수 해야 하는

영어 문장을 읽고 한글 해석을 쓰시오.

1. Designing, building, operating, upgrading, and eventually retiring infrastructure projects is an

2. As aging infrastructure is repaired and retrofitted, and as new infrastructure is constructed,

괄호 안에서 어법상 쓰임이 바른 것을 고르시오.

_____ → _ → _______

_____ → _ → _______

_____ → _ → _______