MAJOR 7: PASSIVE VOICE

I. Cách chuyển câu chủ động sang câu bị động

1. Active: câu chủ động là CHỦ NGỮ thực hiện hành động
2. Passive: câi bị động là câu CHỦ NGỮ không thực hiện hành động mà nó chịu tác động của hành
động
3. Object ( tân ngữ): là danh từ/đại từ đứng sau động từ chịu tác động của động từ
Ex: They built this house.
4. Cách chuyển đổii
II. Common rules
1. Cấu trúc chính : be Pii
tenses active passive
simple V (s/es/bare) Is/are/am Pii
present continuos Is/are/am Ving Is/are/am being Pii
perfect Have/ has Pii Have/has been Pii
simple V(ed/cột 2) Was/were Pii
past continuos Was/were Ving Was/were being Pii
perfect Had Pii Had been pii
simple Is/are/am going to V Is/are/am going to be Pii
future near Will V Will be Pii
continuous Wil be Ving Will be being Pii
Model verb Should/can/could… V(bare) Should/can/could be Pii

2. By /with/in + O
- By + O: khi O là tác nhân gây ra hành động
- With O : khi O là công cụ mà tác nhân thực hiện hành động
- In O : khi O là nguyên liệu của công cụ thực hiện hành động.
Note: lược bỏ O khi O là các đại từ bất định ( somebody, anyone,….) và các đại từ chung chung ( I,
people, he, she, it…..)
3. Where by when
4. Các loại động từ thường: NỘI & NGOẠI động từ
- Nội động từ : là động từ chỉ sự tự diễn ra, tự phát triển, không tác động lên vật thể khác-->
KHÔNG CÓ TÂN NGỮ SAU NÓ----> KHÔNG CÓ DẠNG BỊ ĐỘNG
Một số nội động từ: receive, rise, grow up, pass out
- Ngoại động từ: là các động có sự tác động lên một vật thể khác ( người) ---> CÓ TÂN NGỮ---->
CÓ BỊ ĐỘNG
Note: ngoại động từ theo sau có 2 tân ngữ
Send/lend/give/show/tell/write/offer/hand/pass/sell/promise sb sth/sth to sb
Bring/buy/reserve/pick/choose/make sb sth/sth for sb

QUESTION SAMPLE 1: TRONG CÂU CHƯA CÓ ĐỘNG TỪ CHÍNH CHIA THÌ

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B1: Xét động từ ở 4 đáp án --> nội hay ngoại động từ?
B2: Nếu là Nội động từ-----> CHỦ ĐỘNG
B3: Nếu là ngoại động từ: - theo sau bởi 1 tân ngữ--> sau ô trống Không có tân ngữ----> BỊ ĐỘNG
- theo sau bởi 2 tân ngữ--> sau ô trống có 1 tân ngữ--> BỊ ĐỘNG/ còn nguyên 2
tân ngữ--->CHỦ ĐỘNG
Note: kết hợp chia thì cho đúng dựa vào dấu hiệu

Ex 1: I ______ a chance to attend an English course last month.

A. Gave B. is give C. was given D. give
QUESTION SAMPLE 2: TRONG CÂU ĐÃ CÓ MỘT ĐỘNG TỪ CHÍNH CHIA THÌ
B1: Dựa vào cấu trúc của động từ/ kiến thức mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn (học sau)--> loại trừ đáp án
B2: Xét động từ trong đáp án nội hay ngoại động từ?
- Nếu là nội động từ-----> CHỦ ĐỘNG
- Nếu là ngoại động từ: - theo sau bởi 1 tân ngữ--> sau ô trống Không có tân ngữ----> BỊ ĐỘNG
- theo sau bởi 2 tân ngữ--> sau ô trống có 1 tân ngữ--> BỊ ĐỘNG/ còn nguyên 2
tân ngữ--->CHỦ ĐỘNG
Note: V1 to V2--->V to be Pii
V1 + Ving--- V+ being Pii

Ex 2: I don’t like _____________ personal information.

A. To ask B. being asked C. asking D. to be asked
III. Special rules
1. Câu mệnh lệnh

Ex: Turn on the lights---> Let the lights be turned on

Don’t do sth-----> Sth mustn’t/ shouldn’t be Pii/ Don’t let sth be done

Ex: Don’t turn on the lights ---> Don’t let the lights be turned on
2. Câu bị động với Make:
make sb do sth---> sb be made to do sth
Do sth ----> Let sth be done (pii)
Eg: My mother makes me to go to bed early--> I am
made to go to bed early.
3. Câu nhờ/thuê: have sb do sth = get sb to do sth ----> have/get sth Pii

4. Câu bị động của need: Sb need/want to so sth---> sth need/want to be Pii/ Ving

Ex: I need to complete my homework.-----> My homework need completing/to be completed.

5. Câu bị động “ cho phép”: Let sb do sth----> Sb be allowed/permitted to do sth.

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6. Bị động kép
They/people think/know/rumor/say/believe/expect that S V O
---> C1: It be thought/known/rumored/said/believed/expected that S V O
C2: S be thought/known/rumored/said/believed/expected to V/to have Pii/to be Ving
Note:
- “to V” khi V1= V2 ( động từ chính và động từ ở mệnh đề “that” tương đương thì).
- “ to have pii” khi V1#V2 (động từ chính và động từ ở mệnh đề “that” chênh lệch thì).
Ex. 1. People think that he has 2 wives. ---> He is thought to have 2 wives.
2. People say that they escaped from their house 2 days ago.
---> They are said to have escaped from their house 2 days ago.
QUESTION SAMPLE 3: TÌM CÂU ĐỒNG NGHĨA.
1. People said that the thief broke into their house last night.
A. It is said that the thief broke into their house last night.
B. It was said that the thief broke into their house last night.
C. The thief is said that broke into their house last night.
D. The thief was said to have broken into their house last night.
---> TIPS: Loại trừ đáp án ( chia sai thì/sai cấu trúc/sai nghĩa)
QUESTION SAMPLE 4: CHỌN ĐÁP ÁN
The thief was said _________their house last night.
A. To break into B. to have broken into C. broke into D. break into.
----> TIPS:
- Quan sát câu gốc đã có động từ chính chia thì, nhìn đáp án có to V/ to have Pii ( bị động
không ngôi)
- Muốn biết chọn To V hat To have Pii --> quan sát trên câu gốc xem có dấu hiệu nhận biết
không ( dấu hiệu của thì)--> cùng mốc thì ( động từ chính và dấu hiệu )--> chọn To V/ khác thì
chọn to have Pii.
IV. Practice
Ex 1: Change these active sentences into passive sentences.
1. The teacher will punish Tom.
Tom ………………………………………………………………………..…….. the teacher.
2. They are painting my office today.
My office ………………………………………………………………..………………..today.
3. Daniel bought this camera in Japan.
This camera …………………………………………………………………………… in Japan.
4. The children had made many promises.
Many promises …………………………………………………………………………………..
5. The price includes breakfast and lunch.
Breakfast and lunch ……………………………..……………………….………… in the price.
6. The City Mayor is going to build a new bridge.
A new bridge ………………………………………………..……………… by the City Mayor.

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7. She opens the book. ………………………………………………………………………………
8. She buys a lot of alcohol. ……………………………………………………………………….
9. They set the table. ……………………………………………………………………………….
10. I take a photo. ………………………………………………………………………………….
11. They don’t help me. ………………………………………………………………………….
12. You do not write the essay. …………………………………………………………………..
13. Does that man rob the bank? ………………………………………………………………….
14. Does your dad pick you up? …………………………………………………………………..
15. The waitress is serving three lunches now. ……………………………………………………
16. My dad is reading the newspaper at this time. ………………………………………………..
17. Jane has found her wallet. …………………………………………………………………….
18. Our team has finished the report. ……………………………………………………………..
19. My brother had not washed the dishes. ……………………………………………………….
20. Hanh will buy a luxury car. …………………………………………………………………..
Ex 2: Change these active sentences into passive sentences.
1. Emma ordered this air ticket for her mother. _______________________________________.
2. She lends her friend his new dress. _________________________________________________.
3. He left his relatives seven million dollars. ____________________________________________.
4. The shop manager handed these gifts to the customer.
___________________________________.
5. The board of directors awarded the first prize to the outstanding employee.
________________________________________________________________________________.
6. Has she sent the Christmas cards to her family?
________________________________________?
7. We gave Anna some apples and some rose flower
_______________________________________________________________________________.
8. My father moved the fridge to the second floor.
___________________________________________.
9. My mother bought some cups of coffee to the visitors in the kitchen.
_________________________________________________________________________________
.
10. The manager didn’t take the note to the assistant.
______________________________________.

Ex3: Put the correct form of verbs in the blanket

1. The war _______________________ next week.(DECLARE)
2. Your homework___________________by tomorrow afternoon.(MUST FINISH)
3. That house ____________________ since I was a child. (NOT PAINT)
4. Smoking_________________________ in this hotel (NOT ALLOW)
5. After all the flights____________________ the tourists checked in at the airport hotel.

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(CANCEL)
6. The car___________________ for over a week. (NOT WASH)
7. He________________ a new contract last year. (GIVE)
8. This song _____________________by the Beatles in 1967. (WRITE)
9. The earth _______________________ if we try hard enough to do something (CAN SAVE)
10. The new bridge _______________________at the moment. (BUILD)
Ex 4: Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D
1. The temple __________ in 1903.
A. is constructed B. was constructed C. were constructed D. constructed
2. Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum __________ by thousands of people yesterday.
A. Is visited B. are visited C. was visited D. visits
3. I ________ to her birthday party.
A. Wasn’t invited B. invited C. invite D. weren’t invited.
4. Khue Van Pavilion _________ inside the Temple of Literature years ago.
A. Is built B. are built C. was built D. built
5. The employer ________ the employees at 9 o’clock yesterday morning.
A. Is calling B. was called C. was calling D. called.
6. This film __________by them before I called.
A. Had seen B. saw C. had been seen D. has been seen
7. The new camera________ next month.
A. Will show B. shows C. will be shown D. shown
8. The truth _________ by his girlfriend.
A. Won’t accept B. wom’t be accepted C. won’t accepted D. accepted
9. This time tomorrow, the letter _________ by us.
A. Will being written B. will write C. writes D. is written
10. Those papers _________ now. You can do the typing later.
A. need to type B. needn't be typed C. need typing D. needn't typing
11. The celebrity wears dark clothes and glasses to avoid _________.
A. recognizing B. recognized C. being recognized D. Recognized
11. She _______ an apple by me yesterday.
A. gave B. is given C. gives D. was given
12. His girlfriend _________a new red skirt by McKenzie last week.
A. Is bought B. buys C. bought D. was bought
13. His daughter _______a lovely gift by Mr. Thompson 2 days ago
A. Is sent B. was sent C. sent D. sends
14. We have the our bedroom_______by the cleaner.
A. Cleaned B. to clean C. clean D. to be cleaned
15. She got her brakes ________by the mechanic.
A. Fix B. fixed C. fixing D. to fix
16. He has the children_______ by his wife.

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 A. Look after B. to look after C. looked after D. looking after
17. I got my dress _______ by the tailor.
A. Designed B. to design C. design D. designing
18. He is made _______ all the cookies by them.
A. Eat B. ate C. to eat D. to be eaten
19. People are not allowed ______ in the hotel.
A. To smoked B. to smoke C. somke D. smoking
20. I am made _________of my ex-girlfriend by that song.
A. To thought B. think C. to think D. thinking
Ex 5: Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D
1. Someone said that Jane would be able to win the contest.
A. It is said that Jane would be able to win the contest. C. Jane is said to be able to win the contest.
B. It was said that Jane would be able to win the D. It said that Jane would be able to win the contest.
contest.
2. They believe that Jim is going to study abroad.
A. Jim is believed that he is going to study abroad. C. It was believed that Jim is going to study abroad.
B. Jim is believed to be going to study abroad. D. Jim is believed to have been going to study abroad.
3. The police found two children in the forest
A. Two children are found in the forest by the police. C. Two children were found in the forest by the police.
B. Two children werefound by the police in the forest. D. Two children was found in the forest by the police.

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 MINITEST NO 4

Name:…………………………….. Class:…………… Date:…………..

CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER A, B, C OR D THAT BEST COMPLETES THE

FOLLOWING QUESTIONS.
1. A. Stopped B. laughed C. stayed D. watched
2. It’s ten years since we have left school in 1996.
A. It’s B. 10 years C. in D. have left
3. Do you mind _________ the window for me?
A. Open B. opening C. opened D. to opening
4. He was tall_______ to reach the shelf and took a book.
A. So B. such C. too D. enough
5. We usually _______ our grandparents on summer vacations.
A. To visit B. visited C. visit D. visiting
6. The boy/be/young/drive/car.
A. The boy is too young to drive a car. C. The boy is so young to drive a car.
B. The boy is such young to drive a car. D. The boy is enoug young to drive a car.

7. She often _________ some new words in Cambridge dictionary.

A. Looks up B. looks into C. looks for D. looks through
8. It’s 3 years since we last kept in touch with each other.
A. We hasn’t kept in touch with each other for 3 years.
B. We haven’t kept in touch with each other for 3 years.
C. We kept in touch with each other since 3 years.
D. We haven’t kept in touch with each other 3 years ago.
9. My brother usually has ______ apple for lunch.
A. An B. a C. the D. no article
10. They showed up my house late last night to give my notebook back for me. (CLOSEST)
A. Turned down B. turned up C. refused D. looked after
11. Benefit= ______________ : thuận lợi/lợi ích
12. _________ people came to the concert just to meet him, a famous singer.
A. Many B. little C. much D. a lot
13. Do you love _________ the gardening?

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A. Do B. to do C. doing D. to doing
14. Be _________ of: tự hào
15. There is some scissors in the desk drawer in the bedroom.
A. is B. scissors C. in D. bedroom

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