Professional Documents
Culture Documents
завдання для підсумкового контролю 1 курсу
завдання для підсумкового контролю 1 курсу
On joining a ship an engineer reports to the chief engineer. He shall consult with the
engineer he is relieving regarding the machinery and equipment for which he will be
responsible. He shall inspect such machinery and equipment and report any deficiencies
found to the chief engineer. During his contract period, the engineer may be assigned to
supplementary day work at the discretion of the chief engineer. His duties may be to assist
with repair work, upkeep and installation of ship’s machinery and equipment as directed.
In his routine work he shall require that all safety precautions are observed by the
personnel under his supervision.
As the engineer signs aboard, he, like any other crewman, is given a number. His
emergency duties and stations are indicated on the Muster List/Station Bill for this number.
43
The Muster List is an official document on which are described the station and
assignment/duty of each crew member during a fire emergency or other emergency
situations, as well as the boat station and duty assignment of each member of the crew
during an abandon ship procedure.
The engineer must familiarize himself with the location and duties of his emergency
stations immediately upon reporting on board. He should remember that the fire and
emergency signal is a continuous blast on the ship’s whistle for a period of at least 10
seconds supplemented by continuous ringing of the general alarm bells for a period of 25-
30 seconds. Three short rings of the general alarm bells dismissal from fire stations.
Immediately upon hearing the Abandon Ship (also Lifeboat Stations or Life-raft Stations)
signal on the general alarm bells, the engineer must go promptly but without panic to the
embarkation station properly dressed wearing a life jacket. There, he may have to turn out
the davit for launching lifeboat and attend the boat engine.
1) Who shall an engineer joining a ship consult with? And what about?
2) What is the Muster List?
3) What must the Engineer familiarize himself with upon reporting on board?
4) What must the Engineer do upon hearing the abandon ship signal?
5) What for is each crew member given a number as he signs aboard?
day bearing
protective contact
running leakage
manufacturer’s shift
coating induction motor
roller manuals
poor clothing
cage machinery
reduction material
gas gear
1. The operating and maintenance personnel are r………….. for preventive m…………….,
inspection and replacement of diesel engine fuel i…………. pumps.
2. Emergency cut-off v……… and switches shall be maintained in good operating
condition and t……… periodically
43 for proper operation.
3. Samples of main engine l…….. oil are taken in a…….. with company i…… .
4. The r……. situated right aft below the water line is a means used for maintaining
the ship’s course.
5. A h…….. is a below deck space where cargo is stowed.
Task 4. Put the words in the right order to make questions and answer them
1. The availability of a bow thruster in a ship (to mark) on the ship’s hull.
2. The propulsion system of a diesel-driven ship (to include) the main engine and
supporting systems.
3. Two or more alternators usually (to include) in ship’s electric power station.
4. Where’s the oiler? I (to see) him at the boiler five minutes ago. I think he (to make)
the inspection round of the machinery space.
5. You (to test) alarms and running lights? Yes, we ….. . They are in good operating
order. We (to test) them ten minutes ago.
Task 6. Change active sentences into passive and vice versa (passive into active) using
the same tense
1. They are testing the steering gear at the moment as they always test it before
the departure.
2. Suction and discharge strainers are cleaned regularly by oilers.
3. Have they completed the overhaul?
4. What machinery was being repaired when the alarm sounded?
5. Will you assign me to additional duties during general drills?
6. Have you sealed all the scuppers?
Task 7. Read the text and translate it into Ukrainian or Russian and ask as many
different questions to the text as you can (at least 5)
The engine department emerged with the arrival of marine engines for propulsion,
largely during the late half of the 19th century. Due to advances in marine technology
during the 20th century, the engineering department aboard merchant ships is considered
equally important as the deck department, since trained engineers are required to handle
43
the machinery on a ship. Nowadays due to the increase in automation on merchant
vessels and the increase in the unattended machinery spaces (UMS) aboard them, the
number of seafaring engineers has decreased drastically on board merchant ships. Today,
the engine department usually consists of the following number of engineers and crew:
Chief Engineer, Second Engineer, Third Engineer, Fourth Engineer, Junior Engineer, Engine
Cadet, Oiler, Wiper, Fitter, Motorman, Machinist.
The engineers are also called technical officers. They are responsible for keeping
the ship and the machinery running. Today, ships are complex units that combine a lot of
technology within a small space. This includes not only the engine and the propulsion
system, but also for example, the electric power supply, devices for loading and
discharging, garbage incineration and fresh water generators.
2) What is a fuse?
condenser shoes
portable machine
hot tubes
manufacturer’s gas
drilling surfaces
non-return bearings
safety leads
connecting valve
incondensable equipment
worn instructions
1. When you face forward on a ship the right side is s……… side and the left
side is the p…. side.
2. W….. compartments prevent the ship from quick f….. and sinking.
3. The d….. is the depth of a vessel below the water line, measured vertically
to the lowest part of the hull, the bottom of the keel, propellers or other
points of r….. .
4. The Chief Engineer is responsible for preparation, accuracy and timely s…..
of the engine department correspondence, records and r….. .
5. An oiler on watch is required to make an i….. round of the engine room,
b….. room and s…… engine room twice each hour.
Task 4. Put the words in the right order to make questions and answer them
Task 6. Change active sentences into passive and vice versa (passive into active)
using the same tense form
Task 7. Read the text and translate it into Ukrainian or Russian and ask as many
different questions to the text as you can ( at least 5)
The main body of a snip is called a hull. The hull is divided into three main parts
the foremost part is called the bow, the rearmost part is called the stern, the part in
between is called midships. In dry cargo vessel the cargo space is divided into
holds. At the fore end of the hull there are the forepeak tanks, and at the after end
are afterpeak tanks. They are used for fresh water and fuel. All permanent housing
above the main deck is known as superstructure. On deck there are cargo-handling
facilities, such as cranes, winches, derricks. The forward raised part of the deck is
called the forecastle and its after raised part is the poop. The angle that a ship is
making fore and aft with the water is known as trim. A list or inclination from one
side to another, caused by faulty loading is known as heel. The divided circle on
the left shows the depth to which the ship may be loaded in summer time. Below
this line on the grid to the right there two lines. The one marked W means winter
loading, the lower marked WNA means maximum depth if a ship is going across
North Atlantic, T- tropic, F-fresh waters.
Task 8. Translate into English
The front portion of a ship is called the BOW. Large tankers, bulk carriers and
ships of some other types are provided with a bulbous bow which can reduce
pitching in heavy seas and increase speed when the ship is in ballast. The fact that
the hull of an individual ship is provided with a BOW BULB, unseen in a full-
loaded ship, is shown by a special mark on both sides of the bow above the water-
line. It is a safety precaution.
Most modem passenger liners, tankers, bulk carriers and container ships have
a thwartship propulsion unit fitted in the fore underwater portion of the hull and
called BOW THRUSTER. The purpose of this arrangement is to make the
maneuvering of the ship in confined and congested waters easier. The availability
of a bow thruster in a ship is marked on a ship’s hull.
The rear portion of a ship is named THE STERN. We say that a ship is
moving ASTERN when she is moving stern first. When a ship is moving bow first
she is said to be moving AHEAD then.
THE RUDDER situated right aft below the water line is a, means used for
maintaining the ship’s course.
The area between the bow and the stem is called THE MIDSHIPS. The
maximum breadth of a vessel is found in the midships body. It is known as THE
BEAM.
A HOLD is a below-deck space where cargo is stowed.
The space in the lower part of the ship’s hull comprised between the outer and
inner bottoms is called THE DOUBLE-BOTTOM. Fuel oil storage tanks, fresh
water tanks and ballast tanks are located there. This space protects the ship in case
of damage to the outside plating.
There are aboard every ship two CHAIN LOCKERS for the stowage of ANCHOR
CHAINS. These compartments are situated in the forward part of the ship, in front
of the collision bulkhead. Each of them is fitted with a ring bolt to which the end
of the chain is secured.
cut-off maintenance
overtime pump
wiping clamp
welding switches
frayed circuit
preventive hours
protective machine
cargo rags
short shoes
1. When f…. water is being taken on board, an oiler may be required to take
accurate s…. of all the tanks.
2. When the machinery spaces are in the periodically u…. condition, the
designated d….. engineer shall be immediately available and on call to a….
the machinery spaces.
3. Fuel oil s…. and d….. strainers should be changed over and cleaned at least
once a day.
4. Maintaining the wiring system for lighting in good w….. o….. is also the r….
of the electrician.
5. The ch…. hammer is used for r…. of slag after completion of the arc-
welding.
Task 4. Put the words in the right order to make questions and answer them
1. How much they (to pay) you monthly for your last job?
2. How often safety drills (to hold) on your ship?
3. The fitter (to replace) the defective item with a spare one by the end of my
watch.
4. While I (to make) an inspection round I spotted some leakage of cooling
water.
5. I (to take) three samples of boiler water by now. Where I (to put) them?
Task 6. Change active sentences into passive and vice versa (passive into active)
using the same tense form
Task 7. Read the text and translate it into Ukrainian or Russian and ask as many
different questions to the text as you can ( at least 5)
During the past twenty years or so a number of important improvements have been
made,in the design of cargo ships. .
In the first place, cargo ships of all types are now faster than they were before.
This is partly because of improved machinery and partly because of improvements
in hull design.
Secondly, cargo ships are much larger in size nowadays. One reason for this
increase in size is that it is more economical to run one large ship than two smaller
ones. Another reason is that ports all over the world are constantly being improved.
A third reason is that improvements in ship construction make it possible to build
larger ships.
Another improvement in ship design has been the improved use of hull space.
More room for cargo has been gained by putting the engine room and bridge superstructure at
the after end of the ship. More room for passengers in passenger ships has been gained by
reducing the number of classes.
Finally, there has been a reduction in the time needed to load and unload cargo. This has been
done in a number of ways. One way has been the introduction of better
1) What are the supporting systems of a diesel engine? Why are they so
called?
2) What are the two main parts of a turbine driven ship power plant?
3) How do ships with turbo electric or diesel electric drive differ from turbo-
driven or diesel-driven ships?
personal actions
flammable steel
fitter’s tool
corrective safety
prevent operated
machine liquid
power bench
push source
laminated button
1. Wipers take p…. in painting in the engine d…. and e…. department
accommodations.
2. To perform his d…. properly a fitter shall u…. the manufacturer’s technical
m…. as sources of i…. on maintenance and r… of machinery.
3. Upon joining a vessel, a pumpman is to f…. himself with the arrangement,
l…. and operation of the c…. systems.
4. Before getting underway the m…. engines, with the necessary a….., the s…..
gear, and a…. control devices are tested.
5. The engine department is r….. for the cleaning, scaling and p…. of the e….
department systems.
Task 4. Put the words in the right order to make questions and answer them
1. Bridge, shall, the, of, any, watch, engineer, Chief, notify, on, order, from,
the, received, Engineer, the?
2. taken, show, to, is, precaution, that, bulbous, safety, has, the, ship, what,
bow, a?
3. job, does, doing, when, what, his, implements, use, and, wiper, materials,
a?
4. producing, metal, holes, in, machine, what, tool, for, used, is?
Task 6. Change active sentences into passive and vice versa (passive into active)
using the same tense form
Task 7. Read the text and translate it into Ukrainian or Russian and ask
as many different questions to the text as you can ( at least 5)
Wet cargoes, which include such cargoes as vegetable oil and wine, are
carried in drums and barrels. There is always the possibility of leakage, therefore
they must not be stowed on top of other cargoes.
Dry cargoes cannot possibly leak, but they can be damaged by leakage from
wet ' cargoes, therefore they must be stowed away from them. Flour, animal feed
and rice, which are carried in bags, are examples of dry cargoes.
Cargoes which leave a residue behind them are known as dirty cargoes.
Because the dust from cement and fertilizers can damage other cargoes, holds
must be' cleaned out carefully after them.
Odorous cargoes, which include rubber and wool, give off fumes. These fumes
can damage delicate cargoes, therefore they must be stowed separately.
Heavy cargoes must he given bottom stowage, because they will break more
fragile cargoes. When very heavy items are carried in ships, they should be
stowed over bulkheads, as they might damage the deck plating.
Cargoes which are combustible, toxic or liable to explode are classified as
dangerous cargoes. Because they are a risk to human life and the safety of the
ship, they are subject to strict laws.
Perishable food is usually carried in refrigerated ships; however, some general
cargo vessels have refrigerated holds. Meat and fish are often frozen solid, but
fruit and vegetables are only chilled.
Task 8. Translate into English
General drills
The general drills held aboard ship are designed to prepare the crew to handle
emergencies.
By using a standard system of drills, it is possible for a seaman to move from
one ship to another and still know what to do in an emergency. Every crew
member must know exactly where his station is, and what his job is, for each drill
or emergency. This important information is clearly stated on the MUSTER LIST.
No one is excused from any drill unless permission has been granted by the
department head.
All crewmembers must familiarize themselves with the location and duties of
their emergency stations upon reporting on board. Each crewmember is provided
with an individual muster list card, which shows in detail the special duties to
perform.
All crewmembers must be instructed in the performance of their special duties.
The crew on watch/watch-keepers will remain on their watches upon hearing the
Emergency Drill signal.
So, the shipboard drills are held in order to train the crew to cope with real
emergencies. The Muster List is an official document that tells every crewmember
where to go and what to do in a drill or real emergency.
The alarm for a real fire may be given at any time and it will be rapid ringing of
the ship’s bells/continuous ringing of the General Alarm Bells for a period of at
least 10 seconds. An announcement is made twice over the general announcing
system/public address system.
For the drill purposes, a fire may be assumed to be in a specific area.
The person who discovers an actual fire must give the fire alarm. This person
must use any means at hand to spread the fire alarm.
Once the fire alarm has sounded, the personnel being nearby should act
promptly to check or extinguish/put out the fire. All other crew members respond
to the alarm in accordance with the Muster List instructions.
The emergency squad/party will assemble immediately upon the Emergency
Signal has sounded. They will have the required equipment.
The steward department’s personnel will assemble and direct passengers,
properly dressed and wearing their lifejackets, to the embarkation stations.
Immediately upon the Fire and Emergency Signal has sounded, the fire pumps
must be started, all the watertight doors, ports and air shafts must be closed, and all
the fans and blowers stopped. The required fire hoses must be led/run out in the
affected area.
loose alloy
short sitting
delta mitten
circuit contact
metal brush
take circuit
suction connection
improper valve
wire breaker
1. If an oiler finds metal flakes in a s…., indicating w…., he must report this fact
to the w… e…. .
2. The o… in the reduction g…. and b… of the cargo pump should be removed
and p… .
3. When scraping the c… build-up off a valve s…, the fitter must be c… not to
d… something.
4. Automatic c… devices perform their function of control by c… and o… their
contacts.
5. The coated electrode acts as a f… material mixing with the melted b…
material to fill up the j… .
Task 4. Put the words in the right order to make questions and answer them
1. stems, on, engine, a, occur, diesel, can, when, troubles, valve, what, worn,
are?
2. From, from, to, to, the, the, the, frames, fore, fore, aft, aft, numbered, are,
or?
3. expressed, units, output, is, the, in, power, engine, what?
4. work, cluttered, never, an, a, bench, electrician, on, should, why?
1. The main engine (to run) steadily with exhaust gas temperature
approximately 350.
2. Dirt is the main factor that (to cause) troubles in the nozzles.
3. The cause of the trouble (to find)? – Yes. It (to be) clogging of the pump
which (to lead) to its failure.
4. You (to be) relieved from your watching duty as soon as the bunkering
operations (to stop).
5. The Chief Officer (to test) the content of oxygen in the enclosed space
himself before he allowed them to enter it.
Task 6. Change active sentences into passive and vice versa (passive into active)
using the same tense form
1. The third engineer takes soundings of the fuel tanks every day.
2. Didn’t he finish the work the day before yesterday?
3. Have the papers been signed by the Master yet?
4. The meals were served by the A.B. seaman.
5. The oiler will have been briefed by the oncoming engineer before the
change of watches.
6. The bargeman was connecting the hose to the ship’s fuel fill pipe.
Task 7. Read the text and translate it into Ukrainian or Russian and ask as many
different questions to the text as you can ( at least 5)
CONTAINER SHIP
Containerizaition means consolidation of goods of single or mixed commodity into
a freight containers. Containers may be closed or open and which in conformance
to the recommendation of the ISO would be 10,20,30,or 40ft in length by 8ft wide
and 9ft or 9ft 6inch high in external cross-section. A container is designed to be
handled mechanically throughout the transit. Specially designed cellular container
ships and efficient port facilities are essential in order to take full advantage of the
system. Cellular type full container ships are serviced by shore-based or shipboard
gantry cranes. The cellular type full container ship is equipped to carry containers
in the holds and on the hatch covers. Within the holds of the vessel there is cellular
structure of angle bars forming container guides, into which the containers are
stowed, one on top of another. Cellular ships operating between load centres
equipped with shore based cranes have the advantage of greater dead-weight
capacity as compared to self-sustaining ships fitted with shipboard mounted gantry
cranes. In many areas of the world on short interport service feeder ships of similar
configuration but of reduced capacity are in operation. There are also roll on/roll of
container ships on which the containers are mounted on the wheels or trailers and
are then rolled on ship and stowed complete with their undercarriage.
When taking over the underway watch, the engineer is considered the oncoming
watchkeeper and at such time he shall obtain all relevant information from the
engineer that he is relieving and that is called the offgoing watchkeeper., That
information regards the designated revolutions, special orders or instructions,
unusual occurrences and machinery defects. Both engineers shall make a joint
inspection round of the machinery spaces, note the condition of machinery,
equipment, piping and bilges, take fuel oil meter readings, and make standard
entries in the engineer's log.
During the watch, the fourth engineer will check a) operating pressures aid
temperatures, b) liquid levels and flows, c) running machinery bearings for
overheating, d) piping For leakage, e) plant components for unusual (excessive)
noise or vibration, alarms and automatic control devices for proper functioning, g)
availability and operable condition of firefighting and safety equipment. The
watchkeepers shall maintain cleanliness in machinery spaces, take precautions to
avoid fire hazards, clean strainers and filters, discharge separators, change-over
from running to stand-by machinery components. They shall promptly answer the
telegraph and telephone.
At the first indication of trouble, the engineer on watch shall notify the chief
engineer and take immediate steps to prevent damage to machinery. He must report
to the chief engineer any change of the main engine speed or other important
orders from the bridge. In case of emergency or malfunction he shall speedily do
corrective actions, grounds in electrical circuits, steam, air, oil or water leaks must
be repaired promptly. When any alarm or protective device is found detective, the
engineer on watch shall call the electrical engineer to repair or renew the defective
item immediately.
When the ship is manoeuvring, the engineer on watch devotes his primary
attention to complying with the orders from the bridge.
Before getting underway, the engineer on watch jointly with the officer of the
watch shall test the main engines with the necessary auxiliaries, The steering gear,
telegraph, telephones, whistle and running lights. An appropriate entry shall be
made in the log.
The engineer on watch shall record required data in the log book including
any unusual occurrences and he shall sign the log upon the completion57 of his
watch.
1) What information shall the oncoming watchkeeper obtain from the
offgoing one?
2) What for shall both engineers make a joint inspection round?
3) What shall the fourth engineer check during his watch?
4) What is to be done before getting underway?
5) What shall the watch engineer record and where?
grinding devices
observe mixture
make resistance
twice machine
ladder motor
coolant an hour
induction sure
insulation can
1. position, relevant, electrician, what, in, an, should, cut-off, secure, before,
switches, overhaul, beginning, repair, the, or?
2. stern, located, what, for, name, bow, the, between, is, part, and, of, a, ship,
the?
3. remotely, possible, doors, to, it, is, watertight, control, the?
4. Engineer, what, round, has, Chief, reported, the, to, must, after, the, an,
been, spaces, of, be, made, inspection?
1. The angle of the ship’s rudder (to indicate) in the wheelhouse electrically.
2. The source of electric power on merchant ships usually (to include) two or
more a.c. generator.
3. The Second Engineer (to give) assignment to the ratings at the moment.
4. He (to give ) a number when he (to sign) onboard.
5. The fitter just (finished) the repairs to the compressor and now (to test) it.
Task 6. Change active sentences into passive and vice versa (passive into active)
using the same tense form
Task 7. Read the text and translate it into Ukrainian or Russian and ask as many
different questions to the text as you can ( at least 5)
TYPES OF SHIPS
On one hand, all cargo ships are divided into two types: dry cargo ships and
tankers. On the other hand, cargo ships may be divided into universal ships
designed to carry principal different types of cargo and specialized ships designed
to carry one type of cargo. Such specialized ships as bulkers, timber-carriers, reefer
ships, tankers have long been known. One is cargo-carriers with cargo handling
equipment on board for special purposes or routes such as heavy/bulky cargo
ships. These ships are also called special-purpose ships. The second trend is Ro-
Ro(roll on roll off) ships, in which bow and stern doors and adjustable steel ramps
permit vehicles to drive on board and drive off again, requiring only minimum
dock-side facilities. The third trend is the container ship. According to the cargo
handling method used dry cargo ships may also be divided into: LO-LO (lift-on/lift
off), RO-RO (roll on/roll off), FO-FO (float on/float off) – e.g. barges. But there
are also hybrid vessels where combinations of the above mentioned methods are
used, such as LO-LO/RO-RO, RO-RO/FO-FO, and other.
alarm driver
reduction level
shipping metal
coated gas
sheet signal
screw tank
bare electrode
exhaust gear
liquid company
1. Floor plates, l… treads and h… must not be cleaned with o.. or solutions
containing o…
2. Loose e… and g… shall properly stowed and s… to prevent i… or d…
3. To perform his duties p… a fitter shall u… the manufacturer’s m… as the
source of i… on maintenance and r… of machinery.
4. If an oiler finds metal flakes in a s…, indicating w…, he must report this fact
to the w… e…
5. Apart from performing their regular d… all r… work o… hours.
Task 4. Put the words in the right order to make questions and answer them
1. supplementary, discretion, work, may, at, an, day, whose, engineer, to, be,
officer, assigned?
2. dismantling, injection, precautions, be, should, when, what, handling, and,
taken, equipment?
3. plating, planking, supporting, or, of, the, we, do, structural, call, a, the,
what, parts, deck?
4. hull, what, ship’s, by, one, the, .chain, end, means, to, the, secured, of, is,
anchor?
1. The watch engineer (to make) entries in log book right now.
2. How many times you (to be employed) onboard foreign flag ships?
3. They (to overhaul) the main engine the whole morning yesterday.
4. The motormen (to lubricate) the pumps three days ago.
5. As soon as the ship (to make fast) I (to go) ashore.
Task 6. Change active sentences into passive and vice versa (passive into active)
using the same tense form
1. More than 350 tons of diesel oil have been taken on board.
2. He always takes care of this engine.
3. One copy of the invoice will be returned by the ship chandler.
4. Was the oil spill contained by the crew?
5. Will that barge deliver the ordered lubeoil to us as well?
6. Those distributors charge very high prices for machine parts.
Task 7. Read the text and translate it into Ukrainian or Russian and ask as many
different questions to the text as you can ( at least 5)
Wet cargoes, which include such cargoes as vegetable oil and wine, are carried
in drums and barrels. There is always the possibility of leakage, therefore they
must not be stowed on trip of other cargoes.
Dry cargoes cannot possibly leak, but they can be damaged by leakage from
wet ' cargoes, therefore they must be stowed away from'them. Flour, animal feed
and rice, which are carried in bags, are examples of dry cargoes.
Cargoes which leave a residue behind them are known as dirty cargoes.
Because the dust from cement and fertilizers can damage other cargoes, holds
must be‘ cleaned out carefully after them.
Odorous cargoes, which include rubber and wool, give off fumes. These fumes
can damage delicate cargoes, therefore they must be stowed separately.
Heavy cargoes must he given bottom stowage, because they will break more
fragile cargoes. When very heavy items are carried in ships, they should be
stowed over bulkheads, as they might damage the deck plating.
Cargoes which are combustible, toxic or liable to explode are classified as
dangerous cargoes. Because they are a risk to human life and the safety of the
ship, they are subject to strict laws.
Perishable food is usually carried in refrigerated ships, however, some general
cargo vessels have refrigerated holds. Meat and fish are often frozen solid, but
fruit and vegetables are only chilled.