TIẾNG ANH THẦY CHÍ CHÂU - KYS

KHÓA HỌC TOÀN DIỆN 12

UNIT 5: HIGHER EDUCATION & CULTURAL IDENTITY
Buổi 15: Câu điều kiện

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE
I. Định nghĩa
Conditional sentences are statements discussing known factors or hypothetical situations and
their consequences.
→ Câu điều kiện là loại câu diễn tả một hành động có thể xảy ra phụ thuộc vào một điều kiện
khác hay một sự giả định và kết quả của nó
E.g. If it rains, the picnic will be cancelled.
If I gave him my book yesterday, I would have nothing to read.
II. Các loại câu điều kiện
€ Type 0: Cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 0 dùng để diễn đạt những sự thật tổng quan, những
dữ kiện khoa học luôn luôn xảy ra với một điều kiện nhất định.
If clause Main clause
Simple present
Simple present
Câu mệnh lệnh
Question 1. If you ________ ice, it ________ into water.
A. heat - becomes B. heats – turned C. heat - turns D. will heat -
become
Question 2. If there _______ a shortage of any product, prices of that product ________ up.
A. was – will go B. is – increase C. is - goes D. is - go
Question 3. _______ me if he shows up.
A. Send B. Sending C. To send D. Sent
€ Type 1: Câu điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai
If clause Main clause
Simple present Simple future

E.g. If George and Jonquil take the bus, they will get there on time.
The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail.
→ Dạng đặc biệt/ biến thể
If clause Main clause Use Example

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 May/might Khả năng
Simple If the fog gets thicker, the flight
Can/ may Cho phép
present may be delayed.
Must/should Khuyên bảo
Present Simple Nhấn mạnh hành động đang If you are looking for Peter, he will
continuous future diễn ra ở hiện tại refuse to see you.
Nhấn mạnh hành
Simple
Present động đã kết If you have finished your tasks,
future
Perfect thúc/hoàn thành you may go out.
May/might
trước 1 hành động khác
Note:
● Có thể sử dụng “will” trong mệnh đề IF khi chúng ta đưa ra yêu cầu [VERY RARE]
E.g. If you will not help me, I will smile and say thank you and find someone who will.
If Arafat and Sharon will stay at home, we will run the states and everything will be fine -- the
small people," she said. (Abstracted from The New York Times)
● If you will = if you like (used to say that a particular expression is one way of saying
something, especially to suggest that some people may not choose to say it that way)
E.g. I came to many things late in life, and am something of a late bloomer, if you will.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question 4. If a certain condition ______ true, then a particular result ______.
A. is – will happen B. was – would happen C. is - happens D. is – will be
happened
Question 5. If you finish your homework early, you ______ hang out with your friends.
A. will B. can C. would D. should
Question 6. If you want to lose weight, you ______ consume less sugar and fat.
A. will B. can C. would D. should
Question 7. If you _________ your assignment, you can go to the cinema with me now.
A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. had finished
Question 8. If you don’t brush your teeth, you _________ cavities.
A. will get B. get C. got D. would get
Question 9. Lan can ace the test if she _________ a bunch of all-nighters to cram every
knowledge into her head.
A. pull B. pulls C. pulled D. had pulled
Question 10. I can arrange a three-day trip to Hoi An with my friends if we ______ the final
examination.
A. passed B. pass C. will pass D. had passed
[Đề minh hoa 2020]
Question 11. If I ________ just one year younger, I would be eligible for the scholarship.
A. be B. am C. were D. have been

Học tiếng Anh cùng Thầy Chí Châu | KYS 2

 € Type 2: Câu điều kiện không có thật ở hiện tại
If clause Main clause
Simple Past
Would/could/should/may/might + V
(to be → were)
Question 12. If you didn’t lend your mom a helping hand dealing with housework, you
_________ punished.
A. wouldn’t be B. will be C. would be D. would have been
Question 13. If everyone _______, how would we control the traffic? (50, D-2010)
A. could fly B. flies C. can fly D. had flown
Question 14. If someone _______ to talk to her, she would be so happy.
A. tried B. tries C. tried D. try
Question 15. I don’t know the answer so I can’t help you.
A. If I had known the answer, I would help you.
B. If I knew the answer, I could help you.
C. Provided that I knew the answer, I could have helped you.
D. Providing that I know the answer, I could help you.
Question 16. “If I were you, I’d plant around the house” Daniel said to Jane.
A. “Were I you, I’d plant around the house.” Daniel told Jane.
B. “Were I to you, I’d plant around the house.” Daniel said to Jane.
C. “If I were in your shoes, I’d plant around the house.” Daniel told to Jane.
D. “If I were you, I would advise you to plant around the house” Daniel said to Jane.
Question 17. I don’t live near my school, so I'm always late.
A. If I were to live near my school, I’d be in time for class.
B. Were I to live near my school, I’d be in time for class.
C. If I lived near my school, I’d be in time for class.
D. All are correct.
Question 18. "If I were you, I would not choose to write such a sensitive topic." – The teacher
said. (49, D-2012)
A. The teacher advised me against writing about such a sensitive topic.
B. The teacher advised me on writing about such a sensitive topic.
C. I was ordered by the teacher not to write about such a sensitive topic.
D. I blamed for writing about such a sensitive topic by the teacher.
€ Type 3: Câu điều kiện không có thật trong quá khứ
If clause Main clause
Past perfect would/ could/ might/ should + have + P.P
Fact: He gave me his advice (QK), I avoided an error.
→ If he hadn’t given me his advice, I wouldn’t have avoided an error.

Tài liệu KYS Education is the Key to Your Success 3

If we had found him earlier, we might have warned him about the danger.
If I had worked harder last year, I could have passed the exam.
€ CHÚ Ý:
1. Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 3
If you had obeyed my orders, the disaster wouldn’t have happened.
→ Had you obeyed my orders, the disaster wouldn’t have happened.
If he hadn’t helped me, I couldn’t have finished the painting.
→ Had he not helped me, I couldn’t have finished the painting.
2. Câu điều kiện trộn
If clause Main clause Example

If I had caught that plane last night, I

Past Perfect Would + inf (II)
would be dead now.
(III)
If I knew my mother was coming to see
Simple Past Would / could / might/should + have
me, I’d have prepared more food
(II) + P.P (III)

Exercise for The Brain

Choose the best option to complete each of the following sentences
Question 1. If I ______ the bus this afternoon, I will find a taxi instead.
A. miss B. will miss C. missed D. had
missed
Question 2. We’ll have to go without John if he ______ soon.
A. won’t arrive B. will arrive C. arrives D. doesn’t
arrive
Question 3. If you ______ your homework, I _____ you watch the TV.
A. won’t do/ let B. did/ won’t let
C. don’t do/ won’t let D. won’t do/ don’t let
Question 4. If you _____ this button, the computer _____ on.
A. press/ turns B. will press/ turns
C. press/ can turn D. have pressed/ will turn
Question 5. “Would you like some cake?”- “No thanks. If I ________ cake, I ______ weight.”
A. ate/ will gain B. ate/ would gain
C. would eat/could gain D. am eating/ will gain
Question 6. Pam broke her arm in the accident. It____ much worse if she hadn’t been wearing
her seat belt.
A. will be B. would have been C. was D. were

Học tiếng Anh cùng Thầy Chí Châu | KYS 4

Question 7. “My boss made me work overtime again.” - “If I _____ you, I _____ my job.”
A. were/ would have quit B. am/ will quit
C. was/ must quit D. were/ would quit
Question 8. “I don’t know whether to take that job or not”- “_____ you, I _____ it. ”
A. If I had been/ would have taken B. Should I be/ will take
C. If I were/ would have taken D. If I were/ would take
Question 9. If you _____ me about the bad service of the new restaurant, we’d have eaten there.
A. didn’t tell B. wouldn’t have told C. hadn’t told D. had told
Question 10. The teacher was absent today, so class was canceled. If she _____ absent again, the
class _______ tomorrow, too.
A. is/ will cancel B. is/ will be canceled
C. was/ would be canceled D. was/ would cancel
Question 11. If he _________ me, I’ll be ready to help him.
A. ask B. will ask C. asks D. to ask
Question 12. When winter comes, I _________ a new jacket.
A. buying B. buy C. will buy D. buys
Question 13. What would Tom do if he _________ the truth?
A. would know B. has known C. knows D. knew
Question 14. If I ________ you, I wouldn’t go there.
A. be B. were C. was D. had been
Question 15. If I had been absent from class yesterday, I________ the math test.
A. would missed B. would have missed C. will miss D. miss
Question 16. If I _____ a millionaire, I ______ a Civic Honda.
A. am/ will buy B. was/ would buy
C. was/ would have bought D. were/ would buy
Question 17. “Here is my phone number”- “Thanks, I _______ you a call if I _____ some help.”
A. will give/ will need B. would give/ needed C. will give/ need D. give/ need
Question 18. If I _________ wings, I _________ take an airplane to fly home.
A. have/ won’t have to B. had/ wouldn’t have to
C. have/ will have to D. had/ didn’t have to
Question 19. I think you should stop smoking.
A. If I am you, I will stop smoking. B. If I were you, I will stop smoking.
C. If I were you, I would stop smoking. D. If I had been you, I would stop
smoking.
Question 20. We did not visit the museum because we had no time.
A. If we have time, we will visit the museum.
B. If we had time, we would visit the museum.

Tài liệu KYS Education is the Key to Your Success 5

C. If we had had time, we would have visited the museum.
D. If we had had time, we will visit the museum.
Question 21. ______you work harder, you will be sacked.
A. Whether B. If C. However D. Unless
Question 22. Unless you _____ quiet, I’ll scream.
A. don’t keep B. keep C. kept D. didn’t
keep
Question 23. I won’t wake up unless I ______ the alarm.
A. don’t hear B. heard C. hear D. didn’t hear
Question 24. ______, he would have been able to pass the exam.
A. If he studied more B. If he were studying more
C. Studying more D. If he had studied more
Question 25. If I had had some more money at that time, I _______ that book.
A. would buy B. will buy C. would have bought D. all are
correct
Question 26. ______ if I have a map with me.
A. I will get lost B. I will not get lost
C. I would get lost D. I would not get lost
Question 27. If cauliflowers ______ from extreme temperatures, they will get discolored.
A. will not be protected B. are not protected
C. were not protected D. are not being protected
Question 28. ______ I have time, I will go with you,
A. If B. Unless C. So D. So that
Question 29. If you had told me that this was going to happen, I _______ it.
A. wouldn't have believed B. don’t believe
C. hadn’t believed D. can’t believe
Question 30. If Jake _______ to go on the trip with you, would you still continue to go alone?
A. doesn’t agree B. didn’t agree
C. hadn’t agreed D. wouldn’t agree

UNIQUE CASES OF CONDITIONAL

SENTENCE
1. OTHERWISE: Nếu không thì (II, III)
My father pays the fee, otherwise I wouldn’t be here. (Câu điều kiện loại II)
(Bố tôi đóng học phí cho tôi, nếu không tôi sẽ không ở đây)
= If my father didn’t pay the fee, I wouldn’t be here.
My teacher helped me. Otherwise, I wouldn’t have passed the exam. (III)

Học tiếng Anh cùng Thầy Chí Châu | KYS 6

2. WITHOUT + N-phrase/ Gerund phrase: Nếu không có = if it weren’t for (II)
= if it hadn’t been for (III)
WITH + N-phrase/ Gerund phrase: có
If ______________ the sun, life on Earth wouldn’t exist (II).
🡺 Without the sun, life on Earth wouldn’t exist (II).
(Nếu không có mặt trời, cuộc sống Trái Đất sẽ không tồn tại)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----
Question 19. If he hadn’t helped me, I wouldn’t have passed the exam.
A. If it hadn’t been for his help, I wouldn’t have to pass the exam.
B. Without his help, I wouldn’t have passed the exam.
C. With his help, I could pass the exam.
D. If he helped me, I could have passed the exam.
Question 20. If it weren’t for my well-prepared submissions, I wouldn’t be a straight-A
student.
A. Without my well-prepared submissions, I would hardly be a straight-A student.
B. If I hadn’t prepared my submissions well, I wouldn’t be a straight-A student.
C. Without I have prepared my submission well, I wouldn’t be a straight-A student.
D. With the fact that I have prepared my submission well, I wouldn’t be a straight-A
student.
3. Đảo ngữ của If it weren’t for = were it not for = without (II)
E.g. Were it not for the sun, life on Earth wouldn’t exist (II)
4. Đảo ngữ của If it hadn’t been for = had it not been for = without (III)
E.g. Had it not been for his help, I wouldn’t have passed the exam.
5. But for = Without
But for the sun, life on Earth wouldn’t exist (II).
But for his help, I wouldn’t have passed the exam.(III)
6. Unless + Clause = except if = If not = Trừ khi…không thì
Don’t call me unless you need help.(I)
= If you don’t really need help, don’t call me in the middle of the night.
Mệnh đề Unless luôn ở thể khẳng định
Nếu If clause ở thể khẳng định thì ta giữ nguyên thể mệnh đề If và đổi thể mệnh đề chính
E.g. If your sister feels tired, she can go home now.
⇨Unless your sister feels tired, she can’t go home now
7. Provided that/ Providing that/ supposing that / on condition that = if (I, II)= Nếu như, cho
rằng là.
Provided that/ supposing that it is sunny, shall we go out?
(Nếu trời nắng, chúng ta sẽ đi chơi chứ?)

Tài liệu KYS Education is the Key to Your Success 7

8. As long as/ So long as: miễn là, với điều kiện là
I’ll lend you some money as long as you pay me back by Friday.
(Tôi sẽ cho bạn bay tiền, với điều kiện là bạn trả tôi trước thứ sáu)
9. Even If: ngay cả nếu
Even if you give me money, I won’t come to that party.
(Ngay cả nếu bạn cho tôi tiền, tôi cũng không đi dự bữa tiệc đó đâu.)
You must go even if you are ready.
(Cậu phải đi ngay cả nếu cậu chưa sẵn sàng.)
10. Only If: Chỉ nếu
I will let you go out only if you have finished your homework.
(mẹ sẽ cho phép con ra ngoài chỉ nếu con đã làm xong bài tập)
11. Whether...or not = If...or not = liệu... hay không
You must go whether you are ready or not.
Cậu phải đi dù cho cậu có sẵn sàng hay chưa.
12. Wonder if: phân vân liệu...
I wonder if he loves me (or not).
13. If only = I wish + clause = giá mà
If only I had that car = I wish I had that car.
14. Or/ or else = nếu không thì...
Hurry up! Or/Or else you’ll be late for school.
= If you don’t hurry, you’ll be late for school.
15. In case + clause: phòng khi
In case of + Noun: trong trường hợp
Bring umbrella in case it rains
In case of emergency, call 115.

Exercises 1
A. Rewrite the following sentences using the words given
1. I didn’t know that you were in hospital, so I didn’t visit you.
🡪If__________________________________________________________________________________
__
2. Hurry up or you will be late.
🡪If__________________________________________________________________________________
__
3. She is very busy, so she can’t help me now.
🡪If__________________________________________________________________________________
__
4.He didn’t phone me because he didn’t know my phone number.
🡪If__________________________________________________________________________________
__
5. You’re unfit because you don’t take exercise.
🡪If__________________________________________________________________________________

Học tiếng Anh cùng Thầy Chí Châu | KYS 8

__
6. Unless you are careful, you will cut yourself with that knife.
🡪If__________________________________________________________________________________
__
7. If I have time, I’ll help you.
🡪Unless_____________________________________________________________________________
__
8. He didn't study his lessons very carefully, so he gets bad marks now.
🡪If__________________________________________________________________________________
__
9. Dick often causes accidents because he drives carelessly.
🡪If__________________________________________________________________________________
__
10. I can’t apply for that job because I don’t know English.
🡪If__________________________________________________________________________________
__
B. Rewrite the following sentences using the words given
1. If you don’t speak loudly, he won’t hear you. (Unless)
⇨__________________________________________________________________________________
___
2. If there were no water, we would die.
⇨Without___________________________________________________________________________
___
⇨If it weren’t
for________________________________________________________________________
⇨
Were________________________________________________________________________________
3. If you don’t hurry, you will be late. (Or)
⇨__________________________________________________________________________________
___
4. If it weren’t for your help, I would die. (But for)
⇨__________________________________________________________________________________
___
5. I only come if they invite me. (Unless)
⇨__________________________________________________________________________________
___
6. His sister sent him her money, so he continued to study. (But for )
⇨__________________________________________________________________________________
___
7. If it rains, we'll stay at home. (In case)
⇨__________________________________________________________________________________
___
8. Had he died late, he would be a famous musician by now (otherwise )
⇨__________________________________________________________________________________
___
KEY
EXERCISE 1A
1. If I had known that you were in hospital, I’d have visited you.
2. If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.
3. If she weren’t busy, she could help me now.
4. If he had known my phone number, he would have phoned me.
5. If you took exercises, you wouldn’t be unfit.
6. If you are not careful, you’ll cut yourself with that knife.
Tài liệu KYS Education is the Key to Your Success 9
7. Unless I have time, I won’t help you.
8. If he had studied his lessons very carefully, he wouldn’t get bad marks now.
9. If Dick didn’t drive carelessly, he would not cause accidents.
10. If I knew English, I could apply for that job.
EXERCISE 1B
1. Unless you speak loudly, he won’t hear YOU.
2. Without water, we would die.
3. Hurry up, or you will be late.
4. But for your help, I would die.
5. Unless they invite me, I won’t come.
6. But for having sent her money, he could continue to study
7. In case it rain, we’ll stay at home
8. He died so young; otherwise, he would be a famous musician by now.

Exercises 2
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the
following questions.
Question 1. If you pass your examination, we ______ a celebration.
A. have B. will have
C. would have had D. would have
Question 2. If I had time, I ______to the beach with you this weekend.
A. will go B. will have gone
C. would go D. would have gone
Question 3. If she______ late again, she'll lose her job.
A. came B. comes C. had come D. come
Question 4. If I had enough money, ______ that house.
A. I am buy B. I could buy C. I can buy D. I will buy
Question 5. If you had told me earlier, I ______ it to you.
A. would give B. will give
C. would have given D. gave
Question 6. If it ______, I will come to see you.
A. didn't rain B. doesn't rain C. don't rain D. not rain
Question 7. I______to work if I had a car.
A. drove B. will drive C. would drive D. would have driven
Question 8. If he ______to me, he wouldn't have failed in the exams.
A. had listened B. has listened C. listens D. listened
Question 9. Had he come earlier, he______her.
A. would meet B. would have met C. might meet D. will meet
Question 10. If I were you, I ______ a new car.
A. buy B. will buy C. would buy D. bought
Question 11. If there were no gravity, everything ______.
A. would float B. floated C. would be floating D. will float

Học tiếng Anh cùng Thầy Chí Châu | KYS 10

Question 12. You______ if you take a map.
A. will get lost B. would get lost C. won't get lost D. would have got lost
Question 13. We would save thousands of lives if we ______out the remedy for the flu.
A. had not found B. found C. find D. will find
Question 14. If I______ ten years younger, I would do yoga every day.
A. are B. were C. have been D. am
Question 15. Unless you go now, you ______late for school.
A. will be B. would have been C. would be D. are
Question 16. If we_______ in a town, life would be better.
A. had lived B. lived C. would live D. live
Question 17. We ______ you if we have time.
A. would phone B. had phoned C. phoned D. will phone
Question 18. If I won the lottery, I______ you half the money.
A. had given B. gave C. will give D. would give
Question 19. It ______be a pity if she married Fred.
A. can B. would C. may D. will
Question 20. If I'm free on Saturday, I ______ to the mountains.
A. went B. could go C. to go D. can go
Question 21. If I can sing well, I ______ a singer soon.
A. will be B. is C. would be D. were
Question 22. I know I'll feel better if I______ smoking.
A. stopped B. will stop C. stop D. had stopped
Question 23. If I______you, I would help him.
A. had been B. were C. am D. will be
Question 24. I could understand him if he ______ more slowly.
A. speaks B. spoke C. would speak D. had spoken
Question 25. The kitchen will look better if we______ red curtains.
A. had B. had had C. would have D. have
Question 26. If I knew his address, I ______ round and see him.
A. go B. will go C. would go D. went
Question 27. It ______ quicker if you use a computer.
A. would be B. will be C. been D. were
Question 28. "Will you come to the party tomorrow?" - "I will if I______no visitors"
A. had B. will have C. have D. am having
Question 29. If it ______too cold, we could go on a picnic.
A. wouldn't be B. isn't C. weren't D. wouldn't be
Question 30. If they didn't live so far away, I ______ them every week.
A. will visit B. visited C. visit D. would visit.

Tài liệu KYS Education is the Key to Your Success 11

Question 31. Unless we ______ throwing garbage into the river, it will be polluted.
A. won't stop B. stop C. will stop D. don't stop
Question 32. She is too weak; she can't sit up and talk to you.
A. If she isn't too weak, she can sit up and talk to you.
B. If she weren't too weak, she could sit up and talk to you.
C. If she hadn't been too weak, she could sit up and talk to you.
D. If she wasn't too weak, she can sit up and talk to you.
Question 33. I don't have enough money with me now; otherwise I will buy that coat.
A. If I had enough money with me now, I wouldn't buy that coat.
B. If I had enough money with me now, I would buy that coat.
C. If I didn't have enough money with me now, I would buy that coat.
D. If I didn't have enough money with me now, I wouldn't buy that coat.
Question 34. If I had known you would come, ______.
A. I would wait for you B. I would have waited for you
C. I will wait for you D. I would not have waited for you
Question 35. I wish I ______ a trip to London last year.
A. took B. will take C. take D. had taken
Question 36. She wishes she ______ a lot of money now.
A. will have B. had C. had had D. has
Question 37. The weather was terrible. I wish it ______ warmer.
A. has been B. was C. were D. had been
Question 38. I'd rather you ______ in here.
A. don't smoke B. won't smoke C. didn't smoke D. not smoked
Question 39. He talked as if he ______where she was.
A. were knowing B. had known
C. knew D. would know
Question 40. “My boss made me work overtime again”.
“If I were you, I ______ my job”.
A. would quit B. will quit C. must quit D. quit
Question 41. “Thanks for your help”.
“______want more information, call again tomorrow”.
A. were you B. had you to C. might you D. should you
Question 42. “Remember the day I drove you to the airport?”.
“If you hadn’t ______me ,I would have been late”.
A. take B. taking C. took D. taken
Question 43. “Sally finally got here from Chicago”.
“If she had come earlier, we______taken her to the play”.
A. would be B. would have C. had have D. would had

Học tiếng Anh cùng Thầy Chí Châu | KYS 12

Question 44. “I don’t know whether to take that mathematics course or not”.
“If ______you, I’d take it”.
A. I am B. I will be C. I had been you D. I were
Question 45. “My car broke down when I was leaving Detroit and I had to take the bus”.
“______we would have picked you up”.
A. had we known B. if we have known
C. we had known D. if we did know
Question 46. “It’s beginning to rain”.
“______we won’t be able to finish the ball game”.
A. If it stops B. should it stop C. unless it stops D. if it didn’t stop
Question 47. “Did you need help with your math last night?”.
“If I had, I______you”.
A. would call B. called C. would have called D. will call
Question 48. “I’d really like some lunch but I have so much work to do”.
“______what you want and I can get it for you”.
A. tell me B. if you would say me
C. you will tell to me D. if you tell me
Question 49. “John went to the hospital alone”,
“If ______, I would have gone with him”.
A. had he told me B. he had told me
C. he has told me D. he would tell me
Question 50. If someone ______ in to the store, smile and say, “May I help you?”
A. comes B. came C. would come D. could come

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