3

- , -

1.
:

2.
: , ,

3.
4.

1.
:

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

(proximity)
(familiarity)
(similarity)
(rewardingness)

(1) (proximity)

. ,
.
?
.
. ,
.

.

.

(2) (familiarity)
.
(Zajonc, 1980)
?
.
:
.
! .

(3) (similarity)

.
?

.

,
.

.

.

Cf. (complementary)

(4) (rewardingness)

.
?



?
:

(5)

A. :
.
B. : .
!
.
(pratfall effect) !!!
C. :
. (halo effect)
Cf. (matching phenomena)

2.

(1)
(2)
(3)

(1)

.
Huston Levinger(1978):


.

(2)
Nelson-Jones(1990):
3R
.
Rewardingness( )
Reciprocity( )
Rules( )

(3)
?
: out of sight, out of mind
:

4
a. .
b. .
c. .
d. .
* ,
( , ), .

3.
(1) : Sternberg
(2) ?
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6) , ,
(7)

(1)
: Sternberg

Sternberg

1984


18~70
35, 50

,

.


:
,
.


. ?
1986 :

(intimacy)
: . .
(passion)
: .


/ (commitment)
: ,
.

nonlove

liking

infatuation

empty love

romantic love

fatuous love

companionate
love
consummate
-: , +:

Sternberg

. .

(2) ?
:

:
. .

. (attachment).

.
.

(3)
John Lee
6
(Eros)
(Ludus)
(Storge)
(Mania)
(Agape)
(Pragma)

(3)

(Eros):


.




.

(3)
(Ludus)
:
,

,
.

.

(3)
(Storge):

.



.

(3)
(Mania):

(3)
(Agap
e):


.

.

(3)
(Pragm
a) :

, ,


.

(4)
?
: , ,
: ,
.

.
.

.

. - .

(5)

. (social penetration)
Altman Taylor(1973):
5 .
first orientation stage
orientation stage
exploratory affective exchange stage
affective exchange stage
stable exchange stage
.

(6) ,

, ,


/ /

,
,
,

, .

-

-

(7)

.




,

3.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(5)

(1)

.
?

, ,

, ,
,

(2)
.
.
.
: , ,
: , ,

(script) : ,
.

(Barbach, 1982)

.
,
.



.
.

 (Barbach, 1982)
.

.




.
.

(3)
Kinsey (1948) : 5000 6000
.
90% , 50% , 35%

60% , 90% , 50% , 25%

Masters Johnson (1966) :

.

, ,
.
:

(4)
Masters Johnson (1966) :
.
.
,
.

.

Hyde(1990), (1995)
,
.

(5)

,

.

(6)
.
)
Oliver Hyde(1993) : one night stand
.
, .
.
.
1960

.
.
no'
no yes


.

.