Articles (a, an, the, zero article)

Let`s watch a video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gc5HZGu6qAQ

Артиклі — це слова, які визначають чи є іменник конкретний або

неконкретний. Ставиться лише перед іменниками (хто?що?).

Неозначений артикль a або an використовується з обчислювальними

іменниками у формі однини. A / an – це частка, що утворилася від
числівника one (один, єдиний) і означає, що цей предмет – один з
множини подібних, такий же, як і інші предмети.
a pen – (одна) ручка
a dog – (один) собака
a child – (одна) дитина

Артикль a / an використовується, коли певний предмет згадується

вперше і не виокремлюється з ряду інших подібних предметів.
I want to buy a car. – Я хочу купити машину.
My father is an engineer. – Мій батько – інженер.

Означений артикль the утворився від вказівних займенників this (цей,

ця, це), these (ці), that (той, та, те), those (ті). Він виокремлює предмет з
загальної множини подібних предметів і вказує на нього як на «той
самий» предмет.

Артикль the може використовуватися з іменниками як в однині, так і в

множині, і також з незлічувальнимиіменниками.
The students in my group are very smart. – Студенти в моїй групі дуже
розумні.
The water is hot. Put some cold one. – Вода - гаряча. Долий трохи
холодної.

Артикль the використовується, коли говорять про вже знайомий або

вже згадуваний предмет.
I've found an old phone. The phone was broken. – Я знайшов старий
телефон. (Цей) телефон був зламаний.
Артиклі не вживаються з іменниками в множині або з
необчислювальними іменниками, якщо вони вказують на загальне
поняття і не називають окремий конкретний предмет.
Cats are great hunters. – Коти - чудові мисливці.

Артиклі не вживаються, коли перед словом стоять займенники my

(мій), your (твій), his (його), her (її), its (цього), this (цей), that (той) і
т.д., тому що вказують на приналежність предмета до чогось або
когось, заміняють собою артиклі.
Sentence Pattern
Examples:
He is a fireman.
He is strong.
A man is a strong firefighter.

A) ARE YOU A/AN ___ЯКИЙ?______ ____ХТО?_____?

SILLY FATHER

YES, I AM A/AN____який?_____ ____ХТО?_____.

NO, I AM NOT A/AN____який?_____ ____ХТО?_____.

B) IS HE (SHE) A/AN ____який?_____ ____ХТО?_____?

Is it an easy part of the lesson
YES, HE IS A/AN____який?_____ ______ХТО?_____.

NO, HE IS NOT A/AN____який?_____ ___ХТО?_____.

YOU
C) ARE WE ____які?_____ ____ХТО?_____S?
THEY
ARE MY FRIENDS GREAT PARENTS
YES, WE ARE____які?_____ ____ХТО?_____S.
NO, WE ARE NOT____які?_____ _____ХТО?____S.
Exercise with articles
1. Do you like football?
2. There was a spider in my shoe.

3. How much the/- wine do you want?

4. My mum is in the kitchen.

5. The/- crocodiles are dangerous.

6. Ronald is an excellent person.

7. Who is the best player in the world?

8. He will come back in an hour.

9. I have a terrible headache.

10. Where is the book that I was reading?

11. Waiter! There's a fly in the soup.

12. Do you have a sister?

13. Look out! There's a spider on your back.

14. Can you please return the pencil I gave you yesterday?

15. I have a/the problem. Can you help me?

16. There are a lot of deers in the forest behind the school.

17. He's always alone. Does he have - friends?

18. Do you like the/a new science teacher? - Yeah, she's cool!

19. Take your feet off the table, please! Take off - прибирати

20. We're going to buy a/the new car next week. We are/ be going

to - збиратися
21. There was a strange man in the library at lunch today.

22. I would like the/a MP3 player for my birthday.

23. I hate the dogs that live in the next house. They bark all night.

Hate - ненавидіти
24. I need a new calculator. This one is broken.

25. A very good way to improve your English is to read __ books.

26. Don't forget to buy __ flowers on the way home.

 27. Please close __ window. It's cold here.
28. Look! There's __ cat on the roof.

29. Do you believe in __ ghosts?

30. I need to go to the library to return __ books I borrowed.

31. I need to buy __ umbrella.

32. I eat __ egg for breakfast every day.

33. Did you find __ pen you were looking for?

34. It was a beautiful day. There wasn't a cloud in __sky.

Word List
in the –
on the –
at the –
above the –
under the –
behind the –
opposite the –
in front of the –
before the –
between the –
next to the –
in the back of the –
in the front of the –
in the middle of the –
in the corner of the –

Sentence Pattern
Examples:
1)

What is on the table? The dictionary is on the table.

What is in the corner of the room? The box is in the corner of the
room.

WHAT IS IN THE ____place____?

ON
 UNDER…

THE ___що?_____ IS IN THE ____place____.

ON
UNDER…

2) Examples:
What is on the table? The dictionaries are on the table.
What is in the corner of the room? The boxes are in thecorner of
the room.

WHAT IS IN THE ____place____?

ON
UNDER…

THE ___що? (множина)_____S ARE IN THE ___place_____.

ON
UNDER…
Exercise with prepositions
1. They are sitting __ the table.
2. I want to spend a year __ Barcelona.

3. The milk isn't __ the fridge. Where is it?

4. Is Peter's office __ the first or the second floor?

5. Why are all these clothes __ the bed?

6. Please, put the clothes __ the wardrobe.

7. Are you __ home?

8. I like the sea, but I prefer swimming __ a swimming pool.

9. You left your keys __ the sofa.

10. My daughter keeps her money __ a piggy bank.

11. The cookies are __ the jar.

12. I can't sleep __ the bus.

13. The two main bedrooms are __ the second floor.

+ online exercise:
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/grammar/prepositions/place-2

Small Words
Many / much
Many – використовується зі злічуваними іменниками
Examples:
I have many relatives.
Does he have many friends?
She knows many English words.

Much – використовується з незлічуваними іменниками

Examples:
She wants much chocolate.
He needs much money.
I don’t have much time.

Small Words
some/any/no
“Some” означає якусь невизначену кількість, використовується у
стверджувальних реченнях
Examples:
I have some apples.
She needs some eggs.
Peter has some friends.
I want some coffee.

“Any” означає теж саме, що “some” та використовується у питаннях

Examples:
Do you have any apples?
Does she need any eggs?
Does Peter have any friends?
Do you want any coffee?

“Any” теж саме, що “some” та використовується у заперечних реченнях

Examples:
I don’t have any apples.
She doesn’t need any eggs.
Peter doesn’t have any friends.
I don’t want any coffee.

“No” означає відсутність кількості, використовується без don’t або doesn’t

Examples:
I have no apples.
She needs no eggs.
Peter has no friends.
I want no coffee.

Together
“Together” означає один з одним.
Examples:
My parents and I live together.
We study together.
They don’t work together.