—з—

ПРОГРАМА З О В Н І Ш Н Ь О Г О Н Е З А Л Е Ж Н О Г О О Ц І Н Ю В А Н Н Я
З АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВИ

З о в н і ш н є н е з а л е ж н е о ц і н ю в а н н я з а н г л і й с ь к о ї м о в и п е р е д б а ч а є в и з н а ч е н н я р і в н я навчаль­
н и х д о с я г н е н ь в и п у с к н и к і в з а г а л ь н о о с в і т н і х н а в ч а л ь н и х з а к л а д і в , ї х о в о л о д і н н я о с н о в н и м и ви­
д а м и мовленнєвої діяльності відповідно до вимог ч и н н и х навчальних програм. Рівні сформова-
ності мовленнєвої діяльності визначені як середній, достатній та високий і відповідають вимогам
ч и н н и х н а в ч а л ь н и х п р о г р а м та к р и т е р і я м о ц і н ю в а н н я н а в ч а л ь н и х д о с я г н е н ь у ч н і в з і н о з е м н и х
мов.
Ч и т а н н я . О ц і н ю є т ь с я рівень р о з у м і н н я м а т е р і а л у , я к и й ч и т а є т ь с я , у м і н н я у з а г а л ь н ю в а т и
з м і с т п р о ч и т а н о г о , в и о к р е м л ю в а т и к л ю ч о в і с л о в а та з ' я с о в у в а т и з н а ч е н н я н е з н а й о м и х слів за к о н ­
т е к с т о м . Т е к с т и п о б у д о в а н і н а м а т е р і а л а х , щ о в і д о б р а ж а ю т ь р е а л і ї ж и т т я у к р а ї н а х , з мов я к и х
проводиться тестування. Р і з н и ц я м і ж рівнями забезпечується двома основними підходами:
— ш л я х о м добору автентичних текстів (основні ознаки — відображення реалій справжнього
ж и т т я , обізнаність учасника тестування з життєвими ситуаціями), щ о стосуються відповідних
сфер;
— добору завдань за складністю з огляду на критерії лінгвістичної складності, тип тексту,
обсяг тексту.
П и с ь м о . П е р е в і р я є т ь с я р і в е н ь с ф о р м о в а н о с т і н а в и ч о к т а в м і н ь п и с е м н о г о м о в л е н н я д л я ви­
рішення практичних цілей, а саме: вміння передати в письмовій формі необхідну інформацію,
правильно, з урахуванням соціокультурних відмінностей оформити і написати особистого лис­
та, вітальну листівку, о г о л о ш е н н я , повідомлення, нотатки т о щ о .
Такі завдання спрямовані на перевірку сформованості рівня писемної мовленнєвої діяльнос­
т і , л е к с и к о - г р а м а т и ч н и х н а в и ч о к , с т у п е н і в з а с в о є н н я с и с т е м н и х з н а н ь п р о м о в у я к з а с і б вира­
ж е н н я д у м о к і п о ч у т т і в л ю д и н и , ф о р м у в а н н я м о в н и х та м о в л е н н є в и х у м і н ь і н а в и ч о к , д е в а ж л и -
в и м є у м і н н я к о р и с т у в а т и с я і н о з е м н о ю м о в о ю я к в у с н о м у , так і в п и с е м н о м у с п і л к у в а н н і .
Від учасників тестування очікують у м і н н я правильно і відповідно до ситуації використовува­
т и л е к с и ч н і о д и н и ц і : ч а с т и н и м о в и , ф р а з е о л о г і ч н і з в о р о т и , р о з м о в н і ф р а з и та і д і о м а т и ч н і вира­
зи; відповідні граматичні ф о р м и (часові ф о р м и дієслів, модальні, д о п о м і ж н і дієслова, дієслова-
зв'язки, іменники, прикметники тощо). Р і з н и ц я м і ж рівнями забезпечується через:
— тематику, що розглядається;
— в и к о р и с т а н н я п е в н и х л е к с и ч н и х о д и н и ц ь та г р а м а т и ч н и х ф о р м ;
— кількісні програмові параметри писемного мовлення.

Теми, що
розглядаються
Статті з періодичних
видань; листи
(особисті, ділові тощо);
оголошення, реклама;
розклади (уроків, руху
поїздів тощо); меню,
кулінарні рецепти;
програми (телевізійні,
радіо тощо); особисті
нотатки, повідомлення
Знання та вміння
Середній рівень. Читання
Виокремлювати загальну інформа­
цію з документів, що використовуються
в повсякденному спілкуванні (короткі
повідомлення для друзів, оголошення,
проспекти, меню тощо); виокремлюва­
ти загальну та детальну інформацію з
документів, що використовуються в по­
всякденному житті (оголошення, про­
спекти, меню, розклад руху поїздів то­
що); виділяти детальну інформацію про
осіб, факти, події тощо; відрізняти фак­
тографічну інформацію від враження
Навички
Читати короткі тексти, побудова­
ні на засвоєному мовному матеріалі;
розуміти зміст прочитаного; знахо­
дити основну інформацію у текстах
різнопланового характеру (значення
незнайомих слів розкривається на
основі здогадки, малюнка, схожості
з рідною мовою)

Теми, що
Знання та вміння
розглядаються
Середній рівень. Письмо
Автобіографія, заповне­ Основні типи речень (стверджувальне,
ння анкет, формулярів; питальне, заперечне, спонукальне),
повідомлення, особис­ порядок слів у них. Безособові речен­
тий лист, довідкова ня. The Present Simple Tense, the Past
інформація, опис лю­ Simple Tense, the Future Simple Tense,
дини, предмета, місця, the Present Continuous Tense. Речення
ситуації, події з there is/are. Складносурядні речен­
ня зі сполучниками and, but. Склад­
нопідрядні речення зі сполучниками
because, so, if, when, that, that is why.
Іменники у формі множини, утворені за
правилом, і винятки. Вживання арти­
клів. Займенники: особові, присвійні,
питальні, об'єктні, вказівні. Неозначе­
ні займенники, похідні від some, any,
по, every. Прикметники у звичайному,
вищому та найвищому ступенях порів­
няння, утворені за правилом, а також
винятки. Вищий та найвищий ступені
порівняння прислівників. Числівники:
кількісні, порядкові. Прийменники
місця, напрямку, часу
Достатній рівень. Читання
Статті з періодичних Розуміти зміст тексту; знаходити ін­
видань; листи (особисті, формацію відповідно до завдання; від­
офіційні тощо); оголо­ окремлювати фактичну інформацію від
шення, розклади (уро­ вражень.
ків, руху поїздів тощо); Розуміти структуру тексту, розпізнава­
меню, кулінарні рецеп­ ти зв'язки м і ж частинами тексту
ти; програми (телевізій­
ні, радіо тощо); особисті
нотатки, повідомлення
Достатній рівень. Письмо
Особистий лист, стаття, Складносурядні речення зі сполучниками
повідомлення, анкета, and, but. Складнопідрядні речення зі спо­
ділове повідомлення лучниками because, so, If, when, that, that
is why. Узгодження часів і непряма мова.
Речення зі сполучниками neither...nor,
either...or. Фразові дієслова (look for, ...).
Модальні дієслова (can, may, must, should,
have to, need) та їх еквіваленти. The Past
Continuous Tense, the Past Perfect Tense
Високий рівень. Читання
Повідомлення, оголо­ Переглядати текст чи серію текстів з ме­
шення, розклад руху тою пошуку необхідної інформації для
поїздів, газетні статті, виконання певного завдання; розуміти
доповіді, уривки з літе­ нескладні автентичні тексти (статті з
ратурних творів періодичних видань, листи, оголошен­
ня, меню, кулінарні рецепти, особисті
нотатки, повідомлення), у тому числі
х у д о ж н і , науково-популярні, публіцис­
тичні; систематизувати та коментувати
одержану інформацію; виокремлювати
необхідну інформацію про осіб, факти,
події тощо
Продовження таблиці
Навички
Писати особистий лист, викорис­
товуючи формули мовленнєвого ети­
кету, прийняті у країнах, з мов яких
проводиться тестування, з викладом
новин, розповіддю про окремі факти
та події свого життя, з висловленням
власних міркувань і почуттів, описом
планів на майбутнє та проханням па­
дати аналогічну інформацію партнера
з письмового спілкування; передати
особисте повідомлення у вигляді за­
писки довільної форми; передати осо­
бисту інформацію в короткому листі
відповідного зразка або в довільній
формі; переписати інформацію з те­
лефонної книги, розкладу руху; пе­
редати прості ділові повідомлення
(зустріч із точним зазначенням часу
та місця); написати короткий текст
про важливу подію, особисті плани
на майбутнє
Читати тексти, побудованіна знайомо­
му мовному матеріалі, розуміти зміст
прочитаного; знаходити необхідну
інформацію у текстах різнопланового
характеру (значення незнайомих слів
розкривається на основі здогадки, ма­
люнка, пояснень у коментарі); пере­
глядати текст чи серію текстів з метою
пошуку необхідної інформації
Писати розповідь про перебіг подій;
описати людину, предмет; писати по­
відомлення відповідно до поставлено­
го завдання: про проведення заходів,
втрату особистих речей тощо; оформ­
лювати особисті та ділові листи
Виокремлювати загальну та деталь­
ну інформацію з документів, що ви­
користовуються в повсякденному
спілкуванні (короткі повідомлення
для друзів, оголошення, проспекти,
меню, газетні статті, доповіді тощо);
розрізняти фактичну інформацію і
враження; розуміти абстрактні та
складні тексти, уривки з літератур­
них творів та спеціальної літератури;
розуміти структуру тексту, розпізна­
вати зв'язки між частинами тексту
 Закінчення таблиці

Теми, що
Знання та вміння
розглядаються
Високий рівень. Письмо
Особисті, ділові листи; Узгодження часів і непряма мова. Ре­
повідомлення, розпо­ чення зі сполучниками neither...nor,
відь, опис, деталізоване either...or. Поняття дієслів-зв'язок. Тво­
порівняння, складання рення і вживання дієслів у the Present,
плану,тез the Past, the Future Simple (Indefinite)
Tenses в активному та пасивному ста­
нах; у the Present, the Past Progressive
(Continuous) Tenses і the Present, the
Past Perfect Tenses в активному стані;
у the Future-in-the-Past Tense. В ж и ­
вання дієслів у the Present Simple
(Indefinite) Tense для вираження дії
в майбутньому після сполучників if,
when. Конструкція be going to. В ж и ­
вання дієслівних форм у P r e s e n t / P a s t /
Future Perfect Passive; Present/Past
Progressive (Continuous) Passive, неосо-
бових форм дієслів (інфінітива, герун­
дія, дієприслівників теперішнього та
минулого часу)
Навички
Передавати особисті повідомлення в
короткому листі відповідного зразка
або в довільній формі, щоб вислови­
ти свою оцінку, співчуття, невдо­
волення, надію та відповісти на по­
відомлення такого типу; висловити
власну точку зору та аргументувати
її, висловити своє суб'єктивне бачен­
ня дійсності, передавати інформацію
про перебіг подій, що відбувалися у
минулому, скласти опис, деталізо­
ване порівняння; розповідати про
історичну подію; аналізувати точку
зору зі знайомої теми абстрактного
характеру або давати детальне пояс­
нення явища або процесу

Х А Р А К Т Е Р И С Т И К А Т Е С Т У З АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВИ

Зміст тесту визначається на основі Програми зовнішнього незалежного оцінювання з англій­

ської мови (затверджено Міністерством освіти і науки України, наказ № 865 від 18.09.2008 p.).

Тест складається з двох частин:

— «Читання»;
— «Письмо».

Загальна кількість завдань тесту — 46.

На виконання тесту відводиться 1 2 0 хвилин.

Тест з англійської мови складається із завдань чотирьох форм.

1. Завдання на встановлення відповідності. У завданнях пропонується підібрати: заголовки
до текстів/частин текстів із поданих варіантів; твердження/ситуації до оголошень/текстів; за­
питання до відповідей або відповіді до запитань. Завдання вважається виконаним, якщо абіту­
рієнт встановив правильну відповідність і позначив правильний варіант відповіді у бланку від­
повідей А.
2. Завдання з вибором однієї правильної відповіді. До кожного завдання пропонується чо­
тири варіанти відповіді, з яких правильний лише один. Завдання вважається виконаним, якщо
абітурієнт вибрав і позначив правильну відповідь у бланку відповідей А.
3. Завдання на заповнення пропусків у тексті. У завданнях пропонується доповнити абзаци/
речення в тексті реченнями/частинами речень, словосполученнями/словами із поданих варіан­
тів. Завдання вважається виконаним, якщо абітурієнт обрав і позначив правильний варіант від­
повіді у бланку відповідей А.
 4. Завдання з розгорнутою відповіддю. Завдання передбачає створення абітурієнтом на блан­
ку відповідей Б власного висловлення у письмовій формі відповідно до запропонованої комуні­
кативної ситуації.
За правильне (частково правильне) виконання завдань можна отримати:
за завдання на встановлення відповідності 0—1 тестовий бал;
за завдання з вибором однієї правильної відповіді 0—1 тестовий бал;
за завдання на заповнення пропусків у тексті 0—1 тестовий бал;
за завдання з розгорнутою відповіддю 0—24 тестових бали.
Максимальна кількість балів, яку можна набрати, правильно виконавши всі завдання тесту
з англійської мови,— 6 9 .

Композиція завдань у тесті з англійської мови ґрунтується на таких засадах.

1,. Завдання розташовуються відповідно до видів мовленнєвої діяльності. Спочатку в тексті
представлені завдання частини «Читання», потім — завдання частини «Письмо».
2. Завдання розташовуються послідовно за знаннями, комунікативними вміннями та нави­
чками: розуміти основний зміст автентичного тексту, повністю розуміти зміст автентичного тек­
сту, якщо значення незнайомих слів розкривається на основі лінгвістичної та контекстуальної
здогадки, знаходити спеціальну або необхідну інформацію в автентичних текстах різнопланово­
го характеру, розуміти структуру тексту, розпізнавати зв'язки м і ж частинами тексту, розрізня­
ти значення окремих лексичних одиниць відповідно до контексту, правильно використовувати
частини мови та їх граматичні форми відповідно до контексту, робити письмове повідомлення,
оформлюючи його відповідно до мети та завдання спілкування.

Під час підготовки до складання тесту рекомендується використовувати підручники, що ма­

ють гриф «Рекомендовано Міністерством освіти і науки України».

№ Рік
Назва Автор Клас Видавництво
з/п видання

1 Англійська мова (8-й рік навчання) Несвіт А. М. 9 Генеза 2009

2 Англійська мова (8-й рік навчання) Карп'юк 0 . Д. 9 Астон 2009

3 Англійська мова (8-й рік навчання) Калініна Л. В., 9 Наш час 2009
Самойлюкевич І. В.

4 Англійська мова (9-й рік навчання, Карп'юк 0 . Д 10 Астон 2010

рівень стандарту)

5 Англійська мова (9-й рік навчання, Калініна Л. В., 10 Наш час 2010
академічний рівень) Самойлюкевич І. В.

6 Англійська мова (9-й рік навчання, Несвіт А. М. 10 Генеза 2010

профільний рівень)

7 «Across Cultures: Great Britain— Калініна Л. В., 10—11 Наш час 2007
Ukraine » (HMK для спеціалізованих Самойлюкевич І. В.
шкіл та профільних класів)

8 « Across Cultures: The USA—Ukraine* Калініна Л. В., 10—11 Наш час 2008
(HMK для спеціалізованих шкіл та Самойлюкевич І. В.
профільних класів)
 Закінчення таблиці

№ Рік
Назва Автор Клас Видавництво
з/п видання

9 Англійська мова (підручник для Плахотник В. М., 11 Освіта 2004

загальноосвітніх навчальних закладів) Мартинова Р. 10.

10 Навчально-методичні комплекти 1—11 Макміллан 2008,

для всіх типів загальноосвітніх 2009
навчальних закладів

11 Навчально-методичні комплекти 1—11 Лонгман 2008,

для всіх типів загальноосвітніх Пірсон 2009
навчальних закладів

12 Навчально-методичні комплекти 1—11 Оксфорд 2008,

для всіх типів загальноосвітніх Юніверсіті 2009
навчальних закладів Прес

13 Навчально-методичні комплекти 1—11 Експрес- 2008,

для всіх типів загальноосвітніх Паблішінг 2009
навчальних закладів

14 Навчально-методичні комплекти 1—11 Кембрідж 2009

для всіх типів загальноосвітніх Юніверсіті
навчальних закладів Прес

Приклади завдань різних форм з англійської мови

Завдання закритої форми

1. Завдання з вибором однієї правильної відповіді.

Read the text below. For questions (1—2) c h o o s e the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.

YOUR HEALTH
S w i m m i n g is g r e a t exercise. I t ' s h e a l t h y , fun and r e l a x i n g . Because s w i m m i n g is a «low-impact»
s p o r t , most people enjoy p a r t i c i p a t i n g in t h i s activity w i t h o u t fear of i n j u r y to t h e i r bones or muscles.
J o g g i n g , which is a «high-impact» activity, can at t i m e s be h a r m f u l . I know t h i s from personal
experience. Last year while I was j o g g i n g , I injured my r i g h t knee. I d o n ' t go jogging any m o r e . After
a painful m o n t h of recovery, I stopped r u n n i n g a n d switched to w a t e r s p o r t s . I ' m now considering
j o i n i n g a s w i m m i n g t e a m a n d c o m p e t i n g in races.

1 According to t h e t e x t , s w i m m i n g is
A The h e a l t h i e s t s p o r t s a c t i v i t y for t h e a u t h o r .
В The most t r a u m a t i c k i n d of s p o r t for people.
C The m o s t acceptable a c t i v i t y for t h e a u t h o r .
D The m o s t pleasant free-time activity for people.
2 W h y did the author decide to g o i n for s w i m m i n g ?
A He wanted to take part in the s w i m m i n g competition
В He didn't like to g o jogging.
C He wanted to be healthy, to have f u n and relax.
D He has hurt his leg seriously while jogging.

Правильні відповіді: 1 — C; 2 — D .

Зразок позначення відповідей у блавю':

А ВСD А В СD
і і.jixii j 2 х

2. Завдання на встановлення відповідності.

Read the text below. Match questions (A—G) to (1 — 5 ) . There are M o questions you do not need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

T R A V E L L I N G TO U K R A I N E
A Have you taken anything from this experience?
В Is i t y o u r f i r s t v i s i t t o t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l O u t r e a c h C a m p ?
C W h a t are s o m e o f t h e d i f f e r e n c e s y o u s e e b e t w e e n t h e p e o p l e y o u m e t h e r e a n d A m e r i c a n s back
home?
D H o w did s o m e of y o u r friends and f a m i l y react to your g o i n g t o U k r a i n e for t h e International
Outreach Camp?
E Are y o u having a tough time in Ukraine?
F Have you gone anywhere else internationally?
G T h e m o n e y y o u e a r n e d . . . D o y o u m e a n y o u p a i d for t h i s c a m p y o u r s e l f ?

1 I guess I w a n t e d to travel, but it w a s never m y priority. I've been to Greece before o n a school trip
f o r s i g h t s e e i n g . I l i k e d G r e e c e a l o t , b u t all w e s a w w e r e r u i n s d a y i n a n d d a y o u t . I w o u l d h a v e
l i k e d t o h a v e m e t p e o p l e , t o o . I n U k r a i n e i t ' s t h e o p p o s i t e . I d o n ' t f e e l like a t o u r i s t . I w o u l d l i k e
t o b e able t o s e e m o r e of t h e s i g h t s . T h e m o n e y I h a d e a r n e d t o c o m e h e r e w a s w o r t h i t .

2 Yeah, I h a d to s a v e for it.-1 worked t w o part-time jobs. T h e first w a s a day-care centre, where
m y t w o c o u s i n s w o r k . I w o r k e d t h e r e f u l l - t i m e i n J u n e . I also w o r k e d w i t h m y d a d , w h o o w n s
a brewery.

3 S o m e w e r e l i k e , « W h e r e i s U k r a i n e ? » a n d , « W h y are y o u g o i n g ? W e i l , t h a t ' s c o o l . . . a t l e a s t y o u ' r e

d o i n g s o m e t h i n g o t h e r t h a n b e i n g a t t h e b a s k e t b a l l c o u r t e v e r y d a y » . It w a s n ' t l i k e , « W o w , y o u ' r e
g o i n g t o U k r a i n e ! Y o u ' r e l i v i n g o u t m y d r e a m ! I w a n t e d t o g o t h e r e s o m u c h ! -> P e o p l e of m y a g e
don't even know about Chernobyl. I'm only seventeen, you know.

4 R o y a , m y f r i e n d , t h i n k s t h a t p e o p l e h e r e are p r e t t y g e n u i n e . I t c o i d d b e b e c a u s e s h e ' s f r o m
California, b u t I actually feel like people i n Minnesota are genuine, t o o . It w a s nice to meet people
here. W h e n I introduced m y s e l f t o some Ukrainian kids in t h e city, t h e y were friendly and smiling.
They told m e a lot of i n t e r e s t i n g t h i n g s about their native place, their schools and friends.

5 I l e a r n e d f r o m t h i s c a m p t h a t I r e a l l y w a n t t o d o a s t u d y abroad p r o g r a m m e . IOC i s g r e a t . I t h i n k
w i t h a s t u d y a b r o a d p r o g r a m m e , t h o u g h , I c a n a l s o s e e m o r e of a c o u n t r y .

Правильні відповіді: 1 — F; 2 — G; 3 — D ; 4 — C; 5 — А ; В a n d E — c h o i c e s y o u do n o t n e e d t o
use.
 Зразок позначення відповідей у бланку:

А В С D Е FG
1 X
X
3 X
4 X
fX

3. З а в д а н н я на з а п о в п е п п я пропусків у тексті.
Read the text below. Choose from (A—H) the one which best fits each of ( 1 — 6 ) . There are two choices
you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
W H Y DID ANCIENT EGYPTIANS BUILD PYRAMIDS?
W H Y N O T G I A N T R E C T A N G U L E S OR S O M E O T H E R S H A P E ?

Egyptologists a s s u m e t h e y (1) , t h e h i l l s t h a t o n t h e d a y of c r e a t i o n r o s e o u t of t h e f l o o d .
T h i s idea c e r t a i n l y c o m e s f r o m (2) in former t i m e s , the land w a s flooded by the Nile, and
(3) , i s l a n d s a p p e a r e d w h i c h w e r e c o n s i d e r e d t o b e s y m b o l s of t h e d a y of c r e a t i o n . S o a pyra­
m i d could represent s u c h a hill.
B u t o n e c o u l d ask: w h y (4) . , w h y did it have edges leading to a top? A n o t h e r idea is that
k i n g s used pyramids (5) .
B u t t h e s e are all s p e c u l a t i o n s . A f i n a l t h e o r y i s t h a t i n t h e E g y p t i a n c i t y of H e l i o p o l i s ( t h e c e n t r e
of the s u n cult in Egypt) there (6) .
It c o u l d be t h a t t h i s s a c r e d s t o n e h a d t h e s h a p e of a p y r a m i d , a n d t h a t t h e p e o p l e w h o b u i l t t h e
p y r a m i d s w e r e t r y i n g t o r e c r e a t e t h a t , b e c a u s e t h e t o p p i e c e of a p y r a m i d i s c a l l e d a b e n b e n .

A represent primeval hills

В when the flood retreated
C to c l i m b u p t o t h e i r h e a v e n
D t h e n a t u r a l s t a t e of E g y p t
E w a s it n o t j u s t a r o u n d e d h i l l
F h i l l w a s d e s t r o y e d b y w a t e r flood
G was a monument called a benben stone
H w e r e a l o t of g r a n d p y r a m i d s

П р а в и л ь н і в і д п о в і д і : 1 — A ; 2 — D ; 3 — B; 4 — E; 5 — C; 6 — G; F a n d H — c h o i c e s y o u do n o t
need to use.

Зразок позначення відповідей у бланку:

A BCDEFGK
1 X
2 X
3 X
4 X
5 X
6 X
Завдання відкритої форми
1. Завдання з розгорпутою відповіддю.
You've got a letter f r o m your British pen-friend. H e / s h e writes y o u that h e / s h e likes to dress
well. H e / s h e tries to b u y h i s / h e r clothes at famous fashion designers' shops. B u t it is very expen­
sive and h i s / h e r parents don't w a n t to buy such clothes for h i m / h e r . W r i t e a letter to your friend
in which you:
• express your opinion about present-day fashions
• write what clothes you usually prefer to wear
• say where y o u u s u a l l y b u y clothes and w h o helps you to do the s h o p p i n g
• g i v e a d v i c e t o y o u r f r i e n d w h a t h e / s h e s h o u l d do i n h i s / h e r s i t u a t i o n

W r i t e a l e t t e r of a t l e a s t 100 w o r d s .
Do not write any dates and addresses.
 А Н Г Л І Й С Ь К А
Час виконання — 120 хвилин
М О В А Варіант
Тест складається з двох частин, в яких перевіряється рівень на­
1
вчальних досягнень учнів щодо основних видів мовленнєвої діяль­
ності: читання та письма.
Частина «Читання»
Виконавши завдання цієї частини тесту, Ви продемонструєте своє
вміння розуміти писемну англійську мову на матеріалі різноманітних
текстів із автентичних джерел.
Загальні поради
Ця частина тесту складається з 6 завдань, серед яких: завдання
на встановлення відповідності, завдання з вибором однієї правильної
відповіді і завдання на заповнення пропусків.
Кожне завдання складається з інструкції, тексту і запитань або
тверджень до тексту.
У завданнях на встановлення відповідності Вам необхідно
прочитати тексти і твердження/заголовки/ситуації, а також
підібрати до кожного тексту відповідно до завдання заголовок/
твердження/ситуацію.
У завданнях з вибором однієї правильної відповіді Вам необхідно
прочитати текст і запитання до тексту, а потім вибрати правильний
варіант відповіді з чотирьох поданих варіантів.
У завданнях на заповнення пропусків Вам необхідно доповнити
пропуски в тексті реченнями/частинами речень або словами/
словосполученнями з поданих варіантів.
Спочатку ознайомтеся з інструкцією до виконання завдання.
Прочитайте уважно текст і завдання до нього.
Виберіть правильну, на Вашу думку, відповідь і позначте
відповідну клітинку у Бланку А.
Увага!
Правильно розподіляйте свій час.
На виконання цієї частини тесту передбачено 6 0 хвилин.
Якщо Ви не можете надати відповідь на запитання, то виконуйте
наступне.
Ваш результат залежатиме від загальної кількості правильних
відповідей, записаних у Бланку А.

Частина «Письмо»
Частина тесту «Письмо» складається із завдання з розгорнутою
відповіддю.
У завданні з розгорнутою відповіддю передбачається створення
власного висловлення у письмовій формі відповідно до запропонованої
комунікативної ситуації.
Увага!
На виконання цієї частини тесту відводиться 6 0 хвилин.
Роботи, написані нерозбірливо, або такі, що містять менше ніж
100 слів, перевірятися не будуть.
Пам'ятайте, що писати на зворотній стороні Бланку Б пе можна.
 Reading г -.у" h^-l-W^;-Л>0?-7 кі^І£— :

Task і :
Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (1—5). There are three choices you do not need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
T H E P O W E R OF P O S I T I V E T H I N K I N G
Positive t h i n k i n g i s a practice which r e q u i r e s y o u r c e r t a i n m e n t a l a t t i t u d e . Someone who has
a positive t h i n k i n g always foresees h a p p i n e s s , good h e a l t h , success, a n d a positive outcome of almost
every s i t u a t i o n and e v e n t t h a t t a k e s place. A person w i t h a positive t h i n k i n g expects t h a t t h i n g s will
always work o u t and t h e y often do. W h e n you have a positive t h i n k i n g , you easily find answers t o
even t h e m o s t complex problems a n d challenges.

(1)
Before you can work o u t a positive t h i n k i n g p a t t e r n , you first h a v e to realize t h a t positive think­
ing is n o t s o m e t h i n g you do from t i m e to t i m e . Positive t h i n k i n g is a p r a c t i c e , one t h a t you work
w i t h daily and apply r e g u l a r l y . By m a k i n g i t a daily h a b i t you c r e a t e a positive t h i n k i n g mindset
t h a t allows you to avoid potentially n e g a t i v e and challenging s i t u a t i o n s , and helps you to resolve
dilemmas quickly a n d easily.

(2)
You will a t t r a c t w h a t you t h i n k about r e g u l a r l y .
So if you believe t h a t life is difficult, you will a t t r a c t s i t u a t i o n s t h a t will m a k e y o u r life diffi­
cult.
T h u s you should s t a r t p a y i n g close a t t e n t i o n to w h a t you t h i n k . E v e r y day catch yourself think­
ing, ask yourself — w h a t am I t h i n k i n g about? Is t h i s t h o u g h t positive or negative? Does i t help
me to improve m y life or does i t m a k e my life more difficult?

(3)
W h i l e t h e y will help to develop a positive t h i n k i n g p a t t e r n , i t can t a k e some t i m e to see real re­
s u l t s from r e c i t i n g positive affirmations repeatedly. T h a t ' s because i t depends on w h a t you w a n t
and where you a r e in life.
To create a positive t h i n k i n g m i n d s e t , y o u r positive a f f i r m a t i o n s should be said daily, should be
in t h e p r e s e n t t e n s e , a n d should be said in y o u r voice. W o r k i n g w i t h a f f i r m a t i o n CDs is also help­
ful.

(4)
See yourself succeeding at w h a t you w a n t to achieve. This will help t o boost t h e r e s u l t s of your
affirmations a n d develop a s t r o n g e r positive t h i n k i n g p a t t e r n . W h e n you visualize, your subcon­
scious associates t h e i m a g e w i t h t h e affirmation and helps you t o achieve t h e success you w a n t
sooner.

(5)
W h e n y o u ' r e positive, w h e n you have a positive t h i n k i n g m i n d s e t a n d w h e n you work w i t h posi­
tive affirmations daily, you begin to spread t h e positive emotions. W h e n t h i s h a p p e n s , you n a t u ­
rally begin to a t t r a c t positive people and positive s i t u a t i o n s i n t o y o u r life.

A Spread t h e P o s i t i v e E n e r g y
В Create Positive T h o u g h t s t h a t Lead t o a Positive T h i n k i n g Mindset
C W e A r e All Connected
D Visualize Y o u r Success
E Involve Y o u r F r i e n d s a n d Family
 F How to Develop Positive Thinking?
G These Changes W o n ' t Happen Overnight
H R e s u l t s w i t h P o s i t i v e T h i n k i n g and A f f i r m a t i o n s Can Vary

.—______ _ _ _ _ _ _ _____—_____ т а 8 к 2 ——-——————— ••——— ——

R e a d t h e text below. For q u e s t i o n s ( 6 — 1 0 ) c h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r (А, В, C or D). Write your a n s w e r s
on the separate answer sheet.

U N I V E R S I T I E S IN T H E U K
U n i v e r s i t i e s i n B r i t a i n are a m a g n e t f o r o v e r s e a s s t u d e n t s . T h e r e are c u r r e n t l y o v e r 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 f r o m
outside Britain s t u d y i n g at British universities. The largest single group is Chinese students. There
are c u r r e n t l y 5 0 , 0 0 0 i n t h e U K . T h e B r i t i s h g o v e r n m e n t e x p e c t s t h e t o t a l n u m b e r of o v e r s e a s s t u ­
d e n t s t o b e a r o u n d 9 0 0 , 0 0 0 b y 2 0 2 0 , a n d a l s o t h i n k s t h a t a q u a r t e r of t h e s e w i l l be C h i n e s e .
B u t w h y i s t h e U K s u c h a p o p u l a r d e s t i n a t i o n f o r u n i v e r s i t y s t u d e n t s ? W e l l , t h e q u a l i t y of y o u r
course i s guaranteed. A l l courses are assessed by an independent s y s t e m , so y o u can be assured that
your course is officially approved and has wide international recognition.
B e s i d e s , t h e B r i t i s h e d u c a t i o n s y s t e m i s v e r y f l e x i b l e i n o r d e r t o p r o v i d e f o r t h e n e e d s of a m o d ­
e r n , c o m p l e x s o c i e t y . It i s a l s o c o s t - e f f e c t i v e . D e g r e e c o u r s e s are u s u a l l y s h o r t e r a n d m o r e i n t e n s i v e
t h a n i n o t h e r c o u n t r i e s . T h e r e are l o t s of s c h o l a r s h i p s a v a i l a b l e . Y o u n o r m a l l y n e e d 3 A - l e v e l s , w h i c h
are t h e e x a m s t a k e n b y p e o p l e l e a v i n g s c h o o l at 1 8 , i n o r d e r t o e n t e r a n u n d e r g r a d u a t e d e g r e e c o u r s e .
Y o u a l s o n e e d a n I E L T S s c o r e of a t l e a s t 5 . 5 , b u t m a n y u n i v e r s i t i e s o f f e r f o u n d a t i o n or a c c e s s c o u r s e s
to prepare s t u d e n t s for their studies.
B r i t i s h u n i v e r s i t i e s o f f e r a p e r s o n a l i s e d b u t i n d e p e n d e n t a p p r o a c h . T h e e m p h a s i s i s on c r e a t i v e
a n d i n d e p e n d e n t t h o u g h t , w h i c h h e l p s t o d e v e l o p t h e s k i l l s y o u w i l l n e e d t o c o m p e t e i n t h e g l o b a l job
market. Tutors not only teach but also provide support and guidance. A s a result, international stu­
dents have a very low drop-out rate and a v e r y h i g h pass rate.
It is v e r y s i m p l e t o b e c o m e a n i n t e r n a t i o n a l s t u d e n t i n t h e U K . T h e B r i t i s h C o u n c i l o f f e r s a f r e e
and impartial service to anyone w h o i s interested i n s t u d y i n g in the U K , and an organisation called
UCAS assists you in finding a course and making an effective application.
The UK is a dynamic and cosmopolitan place. The countryside is beautiful, and the theatres, mu­
s e u m s , architecture and rich history make it a fascinating place to live and study. W h y not to g i v e it
ago?

6 According to the first paragraph,

A t h e r e are c u r r e n t l y o v e r 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 B r i t i s h s t u d e n t s at u n i v e r s i t i e s of t h e U K .
В Chinese students prefer to get their education in the U S universities rather than go to
Britain.
C u n i v e r s i t i e s i n B r i t a i n are p o p u l a r w i t h s t u d e n t s all o v e r t h e w o r l d .
D t h e B r i t i s h g o v e r n m e n t k n o w s f o r s u r e t h e t o t a l n u m b e r of o v e r s e a s s t u d e n t s b y 2 0 2 0 .

7 W h a t does the author mean by saying that the British education s y s t e m is «cost-effective*?
A It's cheap.
В Every y o u n g m a n can afford to s t u d y at the university in Britain.
C Your course is officially approved.
D I t ' l l a l l o w s a v i n g a l o t of m o n e y i n c o m p a r i s o n w i t h t h e c o s t s i n v o l v e d .

8 All of the following are t h e factors which make the U K such a popular destination for university
students EXCEPT
A s t u d e n t s ' r e s u l t s are e v a l u a t e d i n d e p e n d e n t l y .
В s c h o l a r s h i p s a r e a v a i l a b l e f o r all t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l s t u d e n t s .
io British higher education is adapted to the modern social needs.
D British universities offer students high-quality courses.
9 W h i c h of t h e f o l l o w i n g i s t r u e a b o u t B r i t i s h u n i v e r s i t i e s a c c o r d i n g t o t h e t e x t ?
A Degree courses are not so i n t e n s i v e as in other countries.
В International students frequently leave British universities w i t h o u t finishing the degree
courses.
C They appreciate creative and independent thinking.
D A l l t h e u n i v e r s i t i e s i n t h e U K o f f e r f o u n d a t i o n or a c c e s s c o u r s e s t o p r e p a r e s t u d e n t s f o r t h e i r
studies.

10 W h a t o r g a n i z a t i o n s c a n h e l p y o u t o b e c o m e a n i n t e r n a t i o n a l s t u d e n t i n t h e U K ?
A IELTS
В The British Council
C UCAS
D B o t h В a n d C are c o r r e c t

_ — Task 3 — ~
Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (11 — 15). There are three choices you do not need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
WORLD HERITAGE
If y o u t h i n k a b o u t W o r l d H e r i t a g e S i t e s , y o u p r o b a b l y t h i n k of p l a c e s a s s o c i a t e d w i t h a n c i e n t
a r t a n d c u l t u r e , h i s t o r i c a l b u i l d i n g s a n d m o n u m e n t s . A n d of c o u r s e , m a n y of t h e s e are on t h e W o r l d
Heritage.
L e t ' s look a t a f e w of t h e m o r e u n u s u a l s i t e s o n t h e W o r l d H e r i t a g e L i s t ( W H L ) a n d w h y i t i s i m ­
portant to preserve t h e m .

(11) S i m i e n N a t i o n a l P a r k , E t h i o p i a
S i m i e n N a t i o n a l P a r k w a s o n e of t h e f i r s t s i t e s t o be l i s t e d i n 1 9 7 8 . It i s o n e of t h e h i g h e s t m o u n ­
t a i n a r e a s i n A f r i c a , a n d t h e W H L c a l l s i t « o n e of t h e m o s t s p e c t a c u l a r l a n d s c a p e s i n t h e w o r l d * .
It i s also i m p o r t a n t f o r i t s w i l d l i f e . R a r e a n i m a l s l i k e t h e G e l a d a b a b o o n a n d t h e S i m i e n f o x l i v e
t h e r e . It i s a l s o t h e o n l y p l a c e i n t h e w o r l d w h e r e y o u c a n f i n d t h e W a l i a i b e x , a t y p e of g o a t . T h e
p o p u l a t i o n of t h i s a n i m a l i s g e t t i n g s m a l l e r a n d s m a l l e r . T h a t ' s w h y t h e s i t e i s n o w o n t h e L i s t of
World Heritage in Danger.

(12) T h e c i t y of B r a s i l i a , B r a z i l
B r a s i l i a i s a c a p i t a l c i t y t h a t w a s c r e a t e d f r o m n o t h i n g i n 1 9 5 6 . T h e W H L c a l l s i t «a l a n d m a r k i n
t h e h i s t o r y of t o w n p l a n n i n g * . T h e d i f f e r e n t a r e a s of t h e c i t y a n d t h e b u i l d i n g s t h e m s e l v e s w e r e
all d e s i g n e d at t h e s a m e t i m e s o t h a t t h e y w o u l d h a r m o n i s e w i t h e a c h o t h e r . E v e r y p a r t of t h e c i t y
shows the ideas of the planner and architect.

(13) D o r s e t a n d E a s t D e v o n C o a s t , t h e U n i t e d K i n g d o m
T h i s p a r t of t h e c o a s t i n t h e S o u t h - W e s t of E n g l a n d i s f a m o u s f o r i t s f o s s i l s a n d i s p o p u l a r w i t h
s c i e n t i s t s a n d a m a t e u r f o s s i l h u n t e r s . T h e c l i f f s a l s o s h o w r o c k f o r m a t i o n s f r o m m i l l i o n s of
y e a r s a g o . T h e W H L s a y s t h a t t h e y « h a v e c o n t r i b u t e d t o t h e s t u d y of e a r t h s c i e n c e s f o r o v e r 3 0 0
years».

(14) T h e D a r j e e l i n g H i m a l a y a n R a i l w a y i n I n d i a
T h i s r a i l w a y w a s o p e n e d i n 1 8 8 1 a n d i s s t i l l o p e r a t i n g t o d a y . It c r o s s e s a d i f f i c u l t area of m o u n ­
t a i n l a n d s c a p e a n d i t i s a g r e a t e x a m p l e of r a i l w a y e n g i n e e r i n g . T h e W H L s a y s t h a t it i s « t h e f i r s t
a n d s t i l l t h e m o s t o u t s t a n d i n g e x a m p l e of a h i l l p a s s e n g e r r a i l w a y * .

(15) R i o P l a t a n o R e s e r v e , H o n d u r a s
T h e W H L s a y s t h a t t h i s s i t e i s « o n e of t h e f e w r e m a i n s of a h u m i d t r o p i c a l f o r e s t i n C e n t r a l A m e r i ­
ca* . I t ' s a m o u n t a i n o u s a r e a o n t h e C a r i b b e a n c o a s t w i t h m a n y d i f f e r e n t s p e c i e s of p l a n t s a n d ani­
mals. The people who have always lived there still have the same traditional lifestyle.
 So, the W o r l d H e r i t a g e List isn't only about ancient m o n u m e n t s and b u i l d i n g s . It's also concerned
w i t h technology, natural beauty, wildlife and traditional w a y s of life.
(By Linda Baxter)
This W o r l d H e r i t a g e S i t e
A c a n b o a s t of e x c e p t i o n a l l y b e a u t i f u l l a n d s c a p e s a n d u n i q u e w i l d l i f e .
В i s t h e first and still t h e m o s t o u t s t a n d i n g example of a hill p a s s e n g e r railway.
C claims to preserve h u m i d tropical forest of Central America.
D i s described as « a universal symbol of liberty».
E used to be a prison, a hospital and a military base.
F a t t r a c t s s c i e n t i s t s w i t h i t s r e m a i n s of p r e h i s t o r i c p l a n t s o r a n i m a l s .
G i s a g o o d e x a m p l e of t o w n p l a n n i n g .
H s h o w s u s past European society t h r o u g h i t s landscape of villages, f a r m s , fields, upland pastures
and mountain roads.

— — — - — — — — — — — — — — — — _ _ _ _ _ _ — Task 4 — — — - — — —
R e a d t h e text b e l o w . C h o o s e from (A— H) t h e o n e w h i c h b e s t fits e a c h s p a c e ( 1 6 — 2 1 ) . There are t w o
c h o i c e s y o u d o n o t n e e d t o u s e . Write your a n s w e r s o n t h e s e p a r a t e a n s w e r s h e e t .

S U P E R S T I T I O N S : FRIDAY 13™ — U N L U C K Y F O R Y O U ?
One p e r s o n i n f o u r i n B r i t a i n i s , a p p a r e n t l y , s u p e r s t i t i o u s , a n d t h e y ' l l d o e v e r y t h i n g f r o m
h a n g i n g horseshoes over their fireplace to crossing their fingers, touching wood and absolute­
ly never (16) - A n d they're careful about cats. Black cats are supposed to be the famil­
i a r s of w i t c h e s o r w a r l o c k s , s o ( 1 7 ) , i t ' s definitely bad luck — a w i t c h i s after you! On
t h e o t h e r h a n d , if o n e c r o s s e s y o u r p a t h a n d c o n t i n u e s , t h e n i t ' s g o o d l u c k ( 1 8 ) . Howev­
e r , i n s o m e p l a c e s t h e b e l i e f s are d i f f e r e n t — s o i t p a y s t o k n o w w h e r e y o u r black c a t c o m e s f r o m !
Old s u p e r s t i t i o n s l i n g e r e v e n i n t o d a y ' s m o d e r n w o r l d . T h e a u t h o r P h i l i p P u l l m a n d r e w o n t h e m i n
h i s a w a r d - w i n n i n g t r i l o g y o f n o v e l s « H i s D a r k M a t e r i a l s ». T h e t r i l o g y ( 1 9 ) has been adapted
for radio and also the theatre.
T h e y are a l s o t h e s u b j e c t f o r r e s e a r c h b y D r R i c h a r d W i s e m a n a t t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f H e r t f o r d s h i r e .
H e b e l i e v e s t h a t s o m e p e o p l e a c t u a l l y w a n t t o be u n l u c k y b e c a u s e ( 2 0 ) for their own failings.
I t ' s e a s i e r t o s a y «I f a i l e d t h e e x a m b e c a u s e I ' m j u s t a n u n l u c k y p e r s o n * t h a n t o a d m i t ( 2 1 ) .
«It's a way of copping o u t » , he said.

A if one is following y o u
В that y o u didn't work hard e n o u g h
C b u t i n t h e end we're all h u m a n beings
D it helps them to avoid taking responsibility
E which appeals to both children and adults
F w h o are f i g h t i n g for freedom
G walking under a ladder
H because it hasn't noticed y o u

, Task 5 • 1
—
R e a d t h e text b e l o w . For q u e s t i o n s ( 2 2 — 3 3 ) c h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r (А, В, C or D). Write your a n s w e r s
on the separate answer sheet.

WIMBLEDON
Wimbledon is the most important (22) e v e n t of t h e B r i t i s h s u m m e r . S i n c e t h e f i r s t
(23) w a s played i n 1 8 7 7 i n front of a f e w h u n d r e d (24) , the competition has become
a global sporting e v e n t attended b y over half a million people, and w a t c h e d o n television by millions.
 T h e w o r l d ' s t o p t e n n i s p l a y e r s a g r e e t h a t p l a y i n g at W i m b l e d o n i s a n e x p e r i e n c e (25) no
other. J o h n M cEnroe, a three­time W i m b l e d o n winner, describes W i m b l e d o n as «the hallowed ground
of t h e s p o r t » .
A l t h o u g h the W i m b l e d o n tennis championship has been in existence for more than a century,
t h e s p o r t of t e n n i s h a s a m u c h l o n g e r h i s t o r y . M o s t e x p e r t s a g r e e t h a t t h e m o d e r n g a m e h a s i t s
(26) in a courtyard ball game played by French m o n k s in the 1 1 t h century.
For t h i s r e a s o n m a n y of t h e w o r d s u s e d i n t e n n i s are of (27) origin. The unusual terms
u s e d i n s c o r i n g a t e n n i s m a t c h are E n g l i s h v e r s i o n s of F r e n c h w o r d s : d e u c e ( p r o n o u n c e d « j u i c e » )
c o m e s f r o m t h e F r e n c h w o r d « d e u x » , m e a n i n g «to t w o » . T h e w o r d « l o v e » , m e a n i n g « z e r o » , a l s o h a s
French origins.
Much has changed since the first Wimbledon Tournament in 1877 — t h e f i r s t champion, Spencer
Gore, (28) a p r i z e of £ 1 2 ; t h i s y e a r t h e p r i z e m o n e y i s £ 6 3 0 , 0 0 0 . I n d e e d , s u c c e s s i n t e n n i s
c h a m p i o n s h i p s i s a v e r y l u c r a t i v e b u s i n e s s . 2 0 0 4 W i m b l e d o n (29) Roger Federer has won
n e a r l y $ 1 7 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 i n p r i z e m o n e y s i n c e t u r n i n g pro i n 1 9 9 8 . E v e n m o r e i m p r e s s i v e , S e r e n a a n d Ve­
nus Williams have won a staggering $ 3 0 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 between them over the last ten years.
(30) W i m b l e d o n has traditionally been dominated by A m e r i c a n s and Europeans, other
c o u n t r i e s are b e g i n n i n g t o p r o d u c e w o r l d ­ c l a s s p l a y e r s . Li T i n g a n d S u n T i a n T i a n w h o w o n g o l d
(31) at the A t h e n s Olympics both play at W i m b l e d o n this year. All Chinese competitors will
b e (32) pressure to do well; their coach, J i a n g H o n g w e i , has g o n e on record as saying, «M y
f i r s t t a r g e t i s t o l i f t m y p l a y e r s i n t o t h e t o p 3 0 . O l y m p i c g o l d i s n o t (33) ».

A В C D

22 musical artistic dramatic sporting

23 performance contest maneuver tournament

24 spectators audience listeners views

25 likely like unlike liking

26 originals originates origins originative

27 British English French Dutch

28 contested won failed succeed

29 supporter champion referee judge

30 Although Thus However Nevertheless

31 medals gifts honors grants

32 over without under behind

33 lacking insufficient plentiful enough

•
• •
• Task 6
Read the text below. For questions (34—45) c h o o s e the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
Once u p o n a t i m e t h e r e w a s a g o o d o l d w o m a n (34) lived in a little house. She
(35) i n h e r g a r d e n a b e d of b e a u t i f u l s t r i p e d t u l i p s .
One n i g h t s h e (36) b y t h e s o u n d s of s w e e t s i n g i n g a n d of b a b i e s ' l a u g h i n g . S h e l o o k e d o u t
of t h e w i n d o w . T h e s o u n d s s e e m e d t o c o m e f r o m t h e t u l i p b e d , b u t s h e c o u l d s e e (37) .
T h e n e x t m o r n i n g s h e w a l k e d a m o n g h e r f l o w e r s , b u t t h e r e w e r e n o s i g n s of a n y o n e h a v i n g b e e n
there the night before.
 On t h e (38) n i g h t she was again woken by sweet s i n g i n g and babies' laughing. S h e rose
a n d s t o l e s o f t l y t h r o u g h h e r g a r d e n . T h e m o o n (39) brightly on t h e t u l i p bed, and the flowers
were s w a y i n g to and fro. The old w o m a n looked closely and she saw, s t a n d i n g by each tulip, a little
F a i r y m o t h e r w h o w a s c r o o n i n g a n d r o c k i n g t h e f l o w e r l i k e a c r a d l e , (40) in each tulip-cup
lay a little Fairy baby laughing and playing.
The good old w o m a n stole quietly back to her h o u s e , and f r o m that t i m e on she never picked a tu­
lip, nor did she allow her neighbours (41). the flowers.
The tulips grew daily brighter in colour and larger in size, and they g a v e out a delicious perfume
l i k e t h a t of r o s e s . T h e y a l s o (42) t o b l o o m all t h e y e a r r o u n d . A n d e v e r y n i g h t t h e l i t t l e F a i r y
m o t h e r s caressed their babies and rocked t h e m to sleep in the flower-cups.
The day came w h e n the good old w o m a n died, and the tulip-bed was torn up by folks w h o did not
k n o w a b o u t t h e F a i r i e s , a n d p a r s l e y (43) t h e r e i n s t e a d of t h e f l o w e r s . B u t t h e p a r s l e y f a d e d ,
a n d (44) d i d all the. o t h e r p l a n t s i n t h e g a r d e n , a n d f r o m t h a t t i m e n o t h i n g w o u l d g r o w
there.
But the good old woman's grave grew beautiful, for the Fairies sang above it, and kept it green; while
o n t h e g r a v e a n d all a r o u n d i t t h e r e s p r a n g u p t u l i p s , d a f f o d i l s , a n d v i o l e t s , a n d (45) lovely
f l o w e r s of s p r i n g .

A В C D
34 what who whether whose

35 have had has was having

36 woke woken was woken was waking

37 anything something nothing everything

38 following followed follow to follow

39 was shining were shining been shining shone

40 sometime though even if while

41 touch to touch touching touched

42 begin to begin began begun

43 planted planting is planted was planted

44 so as neither both

45 another other others other's

 Writing
4 6 Use t h e plan below to w r i t e a for-and-against essay (at least 100 words) about w h e t h e r school-
children should u s e e-books a t school lessons.
PLAN
Introduction
Para 1: S t a t e t h e topic.
M a i n body
Para 2: P o i n t for schoolchildren u s i n g e-books a t t h e i r lessons.
Para 3: P o i n t a g a i n s t schoolchildren u s i n g e-books a t t h e i r lessons.
Conclusion
Para 4: S u m u p t h e a d v a n t a g e s and d i s a d v a n t a g e s .
 Reading
— T a s k -J —
Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (1—5). There are three choices you do not need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

D o y o u s o m e t i m e s f e e l l i k e y o u r f r i e n d s are f a i r - w e a t h e r f r i e n d s or m o r e l i k e a c q u a i n t a n c e s ? P e r ­
h a p s t h e y d o n ' t r e a l i z e t h a t y o u d e s i r e a c l o s e r r e l a t i o n s h i p . T o h a v e a t r u e f r i e n d , y o u h a v e t o be o n e
yourself.

Cultivating these qualities will help y o u to s t r e n g t h e n your friendships:

(1)
W h e n a f r i e n d of y o u r s t e l l s y o u a b o u t a p r o b l e m , r e f r a i n f r o m i n t e r r u p t i n g a n d t h i n k i n g w h a t
y o u ' r e g o i n g t o s a y i n r e s p o n s e . G i v e y o u r f r i e n d y o u r f u l l a t t e n t i o n . It c a n h e l p t h e m t o f e e l b e t ­
ter about the challenges they're facing.
(2)
D e v o t i o n i s o n e of t h e h a l l m a r k s of g r e a t f r i e n d s h i p . A v o i d g o s s i p i n g a b o u t y o u r f r i e n d s a n d k e e p
t h e s e c r e t s s a f e t h a t w e r e g i v e n t o y o u i n l o v e a n d c o n f i d e n c e . T r u s t i s t h e b a s i s of t r u e f r i e n d s h i p .
T r e a t y o u r f r i e n d s l i k e y o u ' d w a n t t o be t r e a t e d .

(3)
H e l p t o u p l i f t t h e m i n t h e i r t i m e of n e e d . If y o u r f r i e n d w a n t s t o a c h i e v e a w o r t h y g o a l s u c h a s
losing w e i g h t , g i v i n g up s m o k i n g , or t a k i n g up a new skill, tell t h e m i t ' s a good idea and go out of
y o u r w a y t o p r o v i d e t h e m w i t h t h e i n f o r m a t i o n or a s s i s t a n c e t h e y n e e d .

(4)
If y o u call t h e m o n l y w h e n y o u n e e d h e l p or if y o u k e e p a s k i n g t h e m f o r i m p o s s i b l e f a v o u r s , y o u ' l l
come across more as a pest t h a n a friend.
W h e n t h e y do help y o u , e n s u r e t h a t the assistance t h e y give y o u d o e s n ' t compromise t h e m in any
way. Show t h e m respect and appreciation.

(5)
Appreciate your friends' company and their help. Don't be afraid to say «sorry», or « p l e a s e » , a n d
o f c o u r s e « t h a n k y o u * w h e n r e q u i r e d . T h e s e t h r e e m a g i c w o r d s c a n r e a l l y h e l p to create harmony.
They also show that you don't take your friends for granted.
W a t c h your friendship blossom when you follow these strategies. Being a good friend is not on­
l y b e i n g k i n d t o t h o s e w h o h a v e c h o s e n t o be i n y o u r l i f e , b u t i t ' s a l s o y i e l d i n g more satisfying
friendship!

A B e Loyal
В Avoid A r g u i n g to W i n
C Be Supportive
D D e v e l o p t h e A r t of L i s t e n i n g W e l l
E A v o i d T a k i n g A d v a n t a g e of Y o u r F r i e n d s
F A g r e e to Disagree
G Be Truthful
H Say «Please», «Thank Y o u * and «I'mSorry»
R e a d the text below. For q u e s t i o n s ( 6 — 1 0 ) c h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r (А, В, C or D). Write your a n s w e r s
on the separate answer sheet.

A R E Y O U A B L O G G E R TOO?
Only a few years a g o , a « wob log* w a s a little-known w a y of k e e p i n g an online diary. A t t h a t time,
i t s e e m e d l i k e « b l o g s » ( a s t h e y q u i c k l y b e c a m e k n o w n ) w e r e o n l y f o r s e r i o u s c o m p u t e r g e e k s or obses-
sives. This didn't last long, t h o u g h , and w i t h i n a very short period of t i m e , blogs exploded — blogs
w e r e e v e r y w h e r e , and it s e e m e d t h a t a l m o s t e v e r y o n e r e a d b l o g s , or w a s a b l o g g e r ,
T h e e n t h u s i a s m f o r b l o g g i n g of a c o u p l e of y e a r s a g o ( w h e n i t w a s e s t i m a t e d t h a t t e n n e w b l o g s
were started s o m e w h e r e in t h e world every m i n u t e ) now s e e m s t o have died d o w n a bit — yet thou­
s a n d s of b l o g s ( p r o b a b l y t h e b e t t e r o n e s ) r e m a i n . B l o g s a r e n o w s o o n a s i m p o r t a n t a n d i n f l u e n t i a l
s o u r c e s of n e w s a n d o p i n i o n s . S o m a n y p e o p l e r e a d b l o g s n o w t h a t i t h a s e v e n b e e n s u g g e s t e d t h a t
s o m e b l o g s m a y h a v e b e e n p o w e r f u l e n o u g h t o i n f l u e n c e t h e r e s u l t of t h e r e c e n t U S e l e c t i o n .
B l o g s are v e r y e a s y t o s e t u p — all y o u n e e d i s a c o m p u t e r , an I n t e r n e t c o n n e c t i o n a n d t h e d e s i r e
to write something. The difference between a blog and a traditional Internet site is that a blog is one
p a g e c o n s i s t i n g m o s t l y of t e x t ( w i t h p e r h a p s a f e w p i c t u r e s ) , a n d — i m p o r t a n t l y — s p a c e f o r p e o p l e
t o r e s p o n d to w h a t y o u w r i t e . T h e b e s t b l o g s are s i m i l a r t o o n l i n e d i s c u s s i o n s , w h e r e p e o p l e w r i t e i n
r e s p o n s e s t o w h a t t h e b l o g g e r h a s w r i t t e n . B l o g s are r e g u l a r l y u p d a t e d — b u s y b l o g s are u p d a t e d
e v e r y d a y , or e v e n e v e r y f e w h o u r s .
N o t all b l o g s are a b o u t p o l i t i c s , h o w e v e r . T h e r e are b l o g s a b o u t m u s i c , f i l m s , s p o r t s , b o o k s —
about any subject you can imagine! So m a n y people read blogs now that t h e world of blog writers and
blog readers has its o w n n a m e — the «blogosphere».
B u t h o w i n f l u e n t i a l , or i m p o r t a n t , i s t h i s b l o g o s p h e r e ? One p r o b l e m w i t h b l o g s i s t h a t m a n y peo­
p l e w h o read a n d w r i t e t h e m s e e m o n l y t o c o m m u n i c a t e w i t h e a c h o t h e r . W h e n p e o p l e t a l k a b o u t t h e
i n f l u e n c e of t h e b l o g o s p h e r e , t h e y d o n o t t a k e i n t o a c c o u n t t h e m i l l i o n s of p e o p l e a r o u n d t h e w o r l d
w h o are n o t b l o g g e r s , n e v e r r e a d b l o g s , a n d d o n ' t e v e n h a v e a c c e s s t o a c o m p u t e r , l e t t i n g a l o n e a g o o d
Internet connection.
Sometimes, it seems that the blogosphere exists only to influence itself, or that its influence is
limited to what is actually quite a small community. Blogs seem to promise a virtual democracy — in
which anyone can say anything t h e y like, and have their opinions heard — but who is actually listen­
ing to these opinions? There is still little hard evidence that blogs have influenced people in the way
that traditional m a s s media (television and newspapers) have the ability to do.

6 A c c o r d i n g t o t h e f i r s t p a r a g r a p h , a « w e b l o g » or «blog»
A didn't last long.
В i s a k i n d of an o n l i n e d i a r y .
C i s r e a d or w r i t t e n b y e v e r y o n e .
D i s o n l y f o r s e r i o u s c o m p u t e r g e e k s or o b s e s s i v e s .

7 W h i c h of t h e f o l l o w i n g c a n b e i n f e r r e d f r o m t h e t e x t ?
A T h e p o p u l a r i t y of b l o g g i n g h a s r e c e n t l y d e c l i n e d .
В T h e e n t h u s i a s m f o r b l o g g i n g h a s i n c r e a s e d for t h e l a s t t w o y e a r s .
C A t present ten n e w blogs are started somewhere in the world every m i n u t e .
D M o s t b l o g s are a b o u t p o l i t i c s .

8 W h a t is the m a i n difference between a blog and a traditional Internet site?

A There's no difference.
В A blog can never have any pictures.
C A n I n t e r n e t s i t e c o n s i s t s m o s t l y of t e x t .
D There's a space for people to respond i n a blog.
9 W h a t does the author m e a n by s a y i n g that « B l o g s are now seen as important and influential
sources of n e w s and opinions » ?
A B l o g s are a m e a n s of a p o l i t i c a l c o n t r o l .
В Blogs can have an effect on the popular beliefs and social processes in the community.
C Blogs seem to promise a virtual democracy.
D Blogs have influenced people in the way that traditional mass media do.

10 A c c o r d i n g t o t h e t e x t , w h i c h of t h e f o l l o w i n g s t a t e m e n t s i s t r u e ?
A T h e b e s t b l o g s are s i m i l a r t o i n t e r c o m m u n i c a t i o n c o n v e r s a t i o n s .
В B l o g s are r a r e l y u p d a t e d .
C N o t all p e o p l e i n t h e w o r l d r e a d b l o g s a n d h a v e a c c e s s t o a c o m p u t e r .
D B l o g o s p h e r e e x i s t s to i n f l u e n c e t h e s o c i e t y .

_ „ , „ „ T a s k з , „ ;
Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) t o ( 1 1 — 1 5 ) . There are three choices you d o not need to use.
Write your answers on t h e separate answer sheet.
S Y M B O L S OF PEACE IN W O R L D C U L T U R E S
T h e c o n c e p t of p e a c e i s a v e r y i m p o r t a n t o n e i n c u l t u r e s all o v e r t h e w o r l d . A n d t h e r e are c e r t a i n
s y m b o l s w h i c h p e o p l e i n v e r y d i f f e r e n t c u l t u r e s r e c o g n i z e as r e p r e s e n t i n g p e a c e . L e t ' s look at t h e
o r i g i n s of a f e w of t h e m .

(11) T h e Dove
T h e d o v e h a s b e e n a s y m b o l of p e a c e a n d i n n o c e n c e f o r t h o u s a n d s of y e a r s i n m a n y d i f f e r e n t cul­
t u r e s . I n a n c i e n t G r e e k m y t h o l o g y i t w a s a s y m b o l of l o v e a n d t h e r e n e w a l of l i f e . I n a n c i e n t J a p a n
a d o v e c a r r y i n g a s w o r d s y m b o l i s e d t h e e n d of w a r .
In C h r i s t i a n a r t , t h e d o v e w a s u s e d t o s y m b o l i s e t h e H o l y G h o s t a n d w a s o f t e n p a i n t e d a b o v e
Christ's head.
B u t i t w a s P a b l o P i c a s s o w h o m a d e t h e d o v e a m o d e r n s y m b o l of p e a c e w h e n h e u s e d i t on a p o s t e r
for the World Peace Congress in 1949.

(12) T h e Olive B r a n c h
T h e o l i v e t r e e h a s a l w a y s b e e n a v a l u a b l e s o u r c e of f o o d a n d o i l . In G r e e k m y t h o l o g y , t h e g o d d e s s
A t h e n e g a v e t h e o l i v e t r e e t o t h e p e o p l e of A t h e n s , w h o s h o w e d t h e i r g r a t i t u d e b y n a m i n g t h e c i t y
after her. B u t no one k n o w s for sure w h e n or w h y it began to symbolise peace. There is probably
a connection w i t h ancient Greece. W a r s between states were suspended during the Olympic Games,
a n d t h e w i n n e r s w e r e g i v e n c r o w n s of o l i v e b r a n c h e s . T h e s y m b o l i s m m a y c o m e f r o m t h e f a c t t h a t
the olive tree takes a long time to produce fruit, so olives could only be cultivated successfully in
l o n g p e r i o d s of p e a c e . W h a t e v e r t h e h i s t o r y , t h e o l i v e b r a n c h i s a p a r t of m a n y m o d e r n f l a g s s y m ­
bolising peace and unity. One well-known example is the United N a t i o n s symbol.

(13) Mistletoe
M o s t p e o p l e k n o w of t h e t r a d i t i o n of k i s s i n g u n d e r t h e m i s t l e t o e a t C h r i s t m a s t i m e , w h i c h prob­
ably c o m e s f r o m S c a n d i n a v i a n m y t h o l o g y . H o w e v e r , t h i s p l a n t w a s c o n s i d e r e d t o be h o l y i n m a n y
cultures, and it usually represented peace and love. According to the legend, the goddess Freya's
s o n w a s k i l l e d b y a n a r r o w m a d e of m i s t l e t o e , s o , i n h o n o u r of h i m , s h e d e c l a r e d t h a t i t w o u l d al­
w a y s b e a s y m b o l of p e a c e .

(14) T h e R a i n b o w
The rainbow is another ancient and universal symbol, often representing the connection between
h u m a n b e i n g s and their g o d s . In Greek m y t h o l o g y it w a s associated w i t h Iris, the goddess who
brought m e s s a g e s f r o m the g o d s on M o u n t Olympus. In Scandinavian m y t h o l o g y the rainbow was
a bridge b e t w e e n t h e gods and t h e earth. In t h e Bible a rainbow s h o w e d N o a h t h a t the Biblical
f l o o d w a s f i n a l l y o v e r , a n d t h a t God h a d f o r g i v e n h i s p e o p l e . In t h e C h i n e s e t r a d i t i o n , t h e r a i n b o w
 i s a c o m m o n s y m b o l f o r m a r r i a g e b e c a u s e t h e c o l o u r s r e p r e s e n t t h e u n i o n of y i n a n d y a n g . N o w a ­
days t h e rainbow is used b y m a n y popular m o v e m e n t s for peace and t h e environment, represent­
i n g t h e possibility of a better world i n t h e future and p r o m i s i n g s u n s h i n e after t h e rain.

(15) T h e A n k h
T h e a n k h i s a n a n c i e n t s y m b o l w h i c h w a s a d o p t e d b y t h e h i p p i e m o v e m e n t i n t h e 1 9 6 0 s t o repre­
sent peace and love. It w a s found i n many A s i a n cultures, b u t is generally associated w i t h ancient
E g y p t . It r e p r e s e n t e d l i f e a n d i m m o r t a l i t y . E g y p t i a n s w e r e b u r i e d w i t h a n a n k h , s o t h a t t h e y
could continue to live i n t h e «afterworld». The symbol w a s also f o u n d along t h e sides of t h e N i l e ,
which gave life to t h e people. T h e y believed that t h e ankh could control t h e flow of t h e river and
make sure that there w a s always enough water.
T h i s p e a c e sy mbol
A as t h e story s a y s , acquired i t s symbolic m e a n i n g t h a n k s to a Scandinavian goddess.
В w a s first m e n t i o n e d i n Greek m y t h o l o g y .
C represented life and immortality i n ancient Egypt.
D which can be found i n m a n y world cultures, shows t h e link b e t w e e n people and their gods.
E i s a c o m m o n s i g n of y i n i n t h e Chinese tradition.
F c a n b e s e e n o n m a n y m o d e r n f l a g s a s a s i g n of p e a c e a n d u n i t y .
G w a s depicted by Pablo Picasso on a poster for the World Peace Congress i n 1 9 4 9 .
H was adopted from anti­war movement.

— „ — _ Task 4 — ~ - — —— — —
Read the text below. Choose from (A—H) the one which best fits each s p a c e (16—21). There are two
choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
The Cutty Sark ship, (16) , w a s devastated by a fire in 2 0 0 7 . M ore t h a n 4 0 fire fighters
w e r e c a l l e d t o t h e 1 3 8 ­ y e a r ­ o l d t e a c l i p p e r s h i p i n G r e e n w i c h e a r l y o n Mo n d a y m o r n i n g .
The ship recently i s closed t o v i s i t o r s so i m p r o v e m e n t s costing £ 2 5 m i l l i o n could be carried out.
A spokesman for t h e London fire service said t h e whole ship w a s affected b y t h e massive fire
(17) .
Police don't know what caused the fire yet, but said (18) • That means t h e fire might have
started on purpose (19) .
Chris Livett, from t h e group w h i c h looks after the ship, said the fire w a s a significant setback but
t h e y w e r e d e t e r m i n e d t o p u t t h e s h i p back t o g e t h e r a g a i n .
H e said t h e decks could n o t be saved, however t h e d a m a g e didn't appear as bad as first feared.
Half the planking, (20) , escaped damage as they had been removed while t h e refurbish­
m e n t work was under w a y .
H e a d d e d : « S h e ' s b e e n t h r o u g h s t o r m s a n d h u r r i c a n e s . S h e ' s b e e n b a t t l i n g all h e r l i f e . S h e ' s n o t
dead yet, far from i t » .
t h
T h e C u t t y S a r k u s e d t o c a r r y t e a a r o u n d t h e w o r l d i n t h e 1 9 c e n t u r y . I t n o w s i t s a t a d r y dock a t
Greenwich (21) .

A rather than b y accident

В one of London's m o s t popular tourist attractions
C but nobody was hurt
D as a living m u s e u m
E as a valuable intelligence tool
F they were treating it as suspicious
G d u r i n g t i m e s of p u b l i c d i s o r d e r
H a s w e l l a s all t h e o l d a r t e f a c t s o n b o a r d
 Task 5 --— —
Read the text below. For questions (22—33) c n o o s e the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
S C H O O L - L E A V I N G A G E S E T TO R I S E TO 18
The British government is soon to pass legislation that would raise the school-leaving
(22) t o 18. T h e n e w p l a n s w i l l c o m e i n t o e f f e c t (23) 2 0 1 3 . (24) will have the
c h o i c e of s t a y i n g i n f o r m a l c l a s s r o o m e d u c a t i o n t h a t c o v e r s a c a d e m i c l e s s o n s , o r of r e c e i v i n g v o c a ­
t i o n a l t r a i n i n g . It i s t h e f i r s t m a j o r r e v i s i o n of t h e c o m p u l s o r y e d u c a t i o n a g e l i m i t s i n c e 1 9 7 2 , w h e n
i t w e n t u p t o t h e p r e s e n t 16 y e a r s (25) . T h e g o v e r n m e n t h o p e s t h e a d d i t i o n a l t w o y e a r s of
s c h o o l i n g or t r a i n i n g w i l l (26) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ t h e q u a l i t y of y o u n g B r i t o n s a n d e n s u r e m o r e B r i t i s h y o u t h
t o h a v e q u a l i f i c a t i o n s o r w o r k p l a c e s k i l l s . If s u c c e s s f u l , B r i t a i n m a y b e able to b o a s t t h e b e s t (27)
and most highly trained school-leavers in the world, which is bound to have positive knock-on effects
for industry and the economy.
B r i t a i n ' s M i n i s t e r f o r E d u c a t i o n A l a n J o h n s o n t o l d The Times (28) t h a t it w a s « r e p e l l e n t
t h a t a y o u n g s t e r of 1 6 i s n o t g e t t i n g a n y t r a i n i n g * . H e a d m i t t e d h i s (29) of t h e p a s t , say­
i n g : «I r e g r e t n o t s t a y i n g o n i n e d u c a t i o n . . . w h e n I l e f t s c h o o l , t h e r e w e r e l o a d s of (30) you
c o u l d w a l k i n t o w i t h o u t q u a l i f i c a t i o n s . T h a t ' s n o t g o i n g t o be t h e c a s e i n t h e f u t u r e * . T h e leader of
(31) teaching u n i o n S t e v e Sinnott agreed. He described t h e u p c o m i n g legislation as « inevita­
b l e * . H e w a r n e d : « W e c a n n o t a f f o r d t o n e g l e c t t h o s e y o u n g p e o p l e w h o c u r r e n t l y (32) school
a t 16 u n p r e p a r e d f o r t h e r i g o u r s a n d d e m a n d s of l i f e i n t h e 2 1 s t
c e n t u r y * . Toby A s h f o r d , a 16-year-
o l d s t u d e n t f r o m L o n d o n w a s n ' t a s e n t h u s i a s t i c . H e c o m p l a i n e d t h a t : «It i s (33) e x a m p l e of
p o l i t i c i a n s t r y i n g t o be B i g B r o t h e r w i t h y o u n g p e o p l e * .

A В c- D

22 certificate curriculum grades age

23 on to by up

24 Teachers Headmasters Pupils Ministers

25 old elder young age

26 improve better worsen mend

27 intelligent educated learn disciplined

28 show news newspaper school

29 mistakes success merits advantages

30 jobs employees trade skills

31 Britain Britain's Britains Britains'

32 go pass enter leave

33 other others other's another

Read the text below. For questions (34—45) c h o o s e the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
Once u p o n a t i m e , a y o u n g m a n L u c i a n t h e G r e e k w a s f i l l e d w i t h a d e s i r e t o s e e s t r a n g e c o u n t r i e s ,
a n d e s p e c i a l l y t o d i s c o v e r (34) there was any opposite shore to the ocean by which he lived.
So h a v i n g purchased a vessel, he s t r e n g t h e n e d it for a v o y a g e , that he k n e w w i t h o u t doubt
(35) l o n g a n d s t o r m y . T h e n h e c h o s e f i f t y s t o u t y o u n g f e l l o w s (36) t h e s a m e l o v e of
a d v e n t u r e a s h i m s e l f , a n d n e x t h e (37) t h e b e s t c a p t a i n t h a t c o u l d be g o t f o r m o n e y , a n d p u t
a s t o r e of p r o v i s i o n s a n d w a t e r o n b o a r d .
A l l t h i s b e i n g d o n e , h e s e t s a i l . (38) m a n y days he and his companions voyaged on deep
w a t e r s and in s t r a n g e seas. A t t i m e s t h e w i n d w a s fair and g e n t l e , and at others it blew so hard that
the sea rose in a terrible manner.
One m o r n i n g t h e w i n d b e g a n t o b l o w v i o l e n t l y , a n d t h e y (39) b y s t o r m f o r d a y s . On t h e
third day they fell i n w i t h t h e P u m p k i n Pirates. For ships they had large p u m p k i n s , each being not
l e s s t h a n n i n e t y f e e t i n l e n g t h . T h e s e p u m p k i n s t h e y (40) , a n d a f t e r w a r d d u g o u t all t h e i n ­
n e r p a r t of t h e m t i l l t h e y w e r e q u i t e h o l l o w . F o r m a s t s t h e y h a d r e e d s , a n d f o r s a i l s , i n t h e p l a c e of
canvas, pumpkin leaves.
T h e s e p i r a t e s a t t a c k e d (41) v e s s e l w i t h t w o s h i p s or r a t h e r t w o p u m p k i n s ' c r e w s , a n d
w o u n d e d m a n y of h i s c o m p a n y .
L u c i a n ' s c o m p a n y f o u g h t f o r s o m e t i m e , (42) g a i n i n g the advantage, w h e n about noon
t h e y s a w c o m i n g t o w a r d t h e m , i n t h e r e a r of t h e P u m p k i n P i r a t e s , t h e N u t - S h e l l S a i l o r s . T h e s e t w o
tribes were at war w i t h each other.
A s soon as the P u m p k i n Pirates saw the others approaching, they left off f i g h t i n g Lucian's crew,
a n d p r e p a r e d (43) battle to the N u t - S h e l l Sailors. W h e n Lucian saw t h i s , he ordered the cap­
t a i n t o s e t all s a i l s ; a n d t h e y d e p a r t e d w i t h s p e e d . B u t (44) he could see that the Nut-Shell
S a i l o r s h a d t h e b e s t of t h e b a t t l e , b e i n g s u p e r i o r i n n u m b e r s , h a v i n g f i v e c r e w s a g a i n s t t w o of t h e
P u m p k i n P i r a t e s , and also because their ships were stronger.
A s s o o n a s t h e P u m p k i n P i r a t e s a n d t h e N u t - S h e l l S a i l o r s w e r e o u t of s i g h t , L u c i a n s e t h i m s e l f
t o d r e s s i n g t h e w o u n d s of h i s i n j u r e d c o m p a n i o n s . A n d f r o m t h a t t i m e o n (45) Lucian and
his crew wore their armour continually, not knowing when another strange enemy m i g h t come upon
them.

A В C D

34 whether weather heather that

35 is has been will be would be

36 have had to have having

37 hire hires hired had hired

38 For Since From To

39 driven are driven were driven were being driven

40 dry drying dried had dried

41 Lucian Lucian's Lucians Lucians'

42 with without after since

43 give giving to give to have given

44 looking for looking back looking up looking forward

45 both and neither , either

 Writing
46 I m a g i n e y o u are a n E n g l i s h s t u d e n t , J a n e , l i v i n g a n d s t u d y i n g i n U k r a i n e . W r i t e a n e m a i l (at
least 1 0 0 words) f r o m J a n e to her friend in England, describing some of t h e differences she has
noticed. Include:
— p e o p l e ( f r i e n d l i e r / n o t a s f r i e n d l y , b e t t e r / w o r s e s e n s e of h u m o u r , e t c . ) ;
— interaction between people (more/less reserved, m o r e / l e s s formal, etc.);
— studying (more/less relaxed, more/fewer holidays, shorter/longer hours, etc.);
— the food (spicier, l e s s / m o r e vegetarian options, tastier, etc.);
— the climate (hotter/colder, wetter/drier, etc.).
 Reading

Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (1—5). There are three choices you don't need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
M o r e t h a n a q u a r t e r of t h e w o r k i n g p e o p l e i n E u r o p e h a v e i t . C a i r o , B o l o g n a , a n d P a r i s h a v e b e e n
offering it the longest. A n d you can now possibly get it b y s i t t i n g at h o m e at a computer. W h a t is it?
A u n i v e r s i t y e d u c a t i o n , of c o u r s e . S o w h o g o e s t o u n i v e r s i t y a n d w h a t d o t h e y g e t o u t of t h e i r e x p e r i ­
ence?

(1)
Most universities don't let just anyone in. Grades in the subjects you take in the final years o f
s e c o n d a r y e d u c a t i o n are w h a t i s u s u a l l y l o o k e d a t . I n m a n y c o u n t r i e s p e o p l e a l s o h a v e t o do a n
entry examination.

(2) : .
T a k e a q u i c k n a m e c h e c k of t h e l e a d i n g w r i t e r s , p o l i t i c i a n s o r s c i e n t i s t s i n t h e U K or t h e U S A
a n d y o u s h o u l d f i n d t h e m a j o r i t y c h o s e t o s p e n d t h e i r s t u d e n t y e a r s at O x f o r d a n d C a m b r i d g e or
Harvard, Princeton and Yale.

(3)
F o r t h e m a j o r i t y of s t u d e n t s , a t t e n d i n g a u n i v e r s i t y i n a t o w n o r c i t y n e a r t h e p l a c e w h e r e t h e y
live is the only financially possible choice, but in Britain for m a n y years g o i n g to university meant
l e a v i n g h o m e , w i t h all t h e f r e e d o m a n d i n d e p e n d e n c e t h a t i m p l i e d . U n i v e r s i t i e s t r a d i t i o n a l l y of­
f e r c h e a p a n d c l e a n a c c o m m o d a t i o n i n h o s t e l s or s t u d e n t h o u s e s .

(4)
A c o m m o n f e a t u r e of a n y u n i v e r s i t y i s a t t e n d i n g l e c t u r e s , w h i c h i n v o l v e s t a k i n g n o t e s w h i l e
a l e c t u r e r , a u n i v e r s i t y t e a c h e r , i s s p e a k i n g t o l a r g e g r o u p s of s t u d e n t s . In B r i t a i n , y o u are a l s o
e x p e c t e d t o p r e s e n t a s u b j e c t p e r h a p s o n c e a t e r m a n d c o m m e n t o n i t i n t u t o r i a l s . T h e s e are s m a l l
g r o u p d i s c u s s i o n s l e d b y a l e c t u r e r at w h i c h c l o s e r a n a l y s i s of a p a r t i c u l a r a r e a i s u n d e r t a k e n .

(5)
T h e r e i s a n o l d s a y i n g t h a t « all w o r k a n d n o p l a y m a k e s J a c k a d u l l b o y », a n d p r o s p e c t i v e s t u d e n t s
e x p e c t a r i c h a n d v a r i e d s o c i a l p a s t i m e . F r i e n d s h i p s a n d v a r i e d c l u b s a n d s o c i e t i e s t h a t e x i s t at
most universities may last a lifetime.
A n d w h a t d o e s u n i v e r s i t y e d u c a t i o n all a d d u p t o ?
T h e r e w a s t h e o p i n i o n of T h e o d o r e R o o s e v e l t , a f o r m e r U S A m e r i c a n P r e s i d e n t : « A m a n w h o h a s
n e v e r g o n e t o s c h o o l m a y s t e a l f r o m a f r e i g h t car; b u t if h e h a s a u n i v e r s i t y e d u c a t i o n , h e m a y
steal the whole railroad*.
Or i s i t a s a n A m e r i c a n j o u r n a l i s t , S y d n e y H a r r i s , s a i d ? — « T h e p r i m a r y p u r p o s e of a liberal edu­
cation is to make one's m i n d a pleasant place in which to spend one's t i m e » .
A Accommodation
В Social Life
C Admission
D Teaching and Learning
E Special Courses
F W h i c h One t o Go t o
G U n i v e r s i t y Library
H Sport and U n i v e r s i t y Teams
_ „ _—„ _ Task 2
R e a d t h e text below. For q u e s t i o n s ( 6 — 1 0 ) c h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r (A, B, C o r D). Write your a n s w e r s
on the separate answer sheet.

S T U D E N T S I N V I T E D TO N A M E N E W M A R S R O V E R
N A S A is looking for the right name for the n e x t Mars rover.
In cooperation with W a l t Disney Studios Motion Pictures, N A S A will conduct a naming contest
for i t s c a r - s i z e d M a r s S c i e n c e L a b o r a t o r y r o v e r t h a t i s p l a n n e d t o be p r e s e n t e d i n 2 0 1 0 .
T h e c o n t e s t , b e g i n s o n T u e s d a y , 1 8 N o v e m b e r 2 0 0 9 , a n d i s o p e n t o s t u d e n t s of 5 t o 1 8 y e a r s o l d .
T o e n t e r t h e c o n t e s t , s t u d e n t s w i l l s u b m i t e s s a y s e x p l a i n i n g w h y t h e i r s u g g e s t e d n a m e for t h e r o v e r
s h o u l d be c h o s e n . E s s a y s m u s t be r e c e i v e d b y 2 5 F e b r u a r y 2 0 1 0 . In A p r i l 2 0 1 0 , t h e p u b l i c w i l l h a v e
t h e o p p o r t u n i t y t o k n o w n i n e f i n a l i s t s ' n a m e s v i a t h e I n t e r n e t as a d d i t i o n a l i n f o r m a t i o n f o r j u d g e s t o
consider during the selection process. N A S A will announce the winning rover name in May 2010.
Disney will provide prizes to students submitting winning essays, including a trip to N A S A ' s Jet
Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, where the rover is under construction. The grand
prize winner will have the opportunity to place a signature on the spacecraft and take part in the
h i s t o r y of s p a c e e x p l o r a t i o n .
«Mars e x p l o r a t i o n h a s a l w a y s c a p t u r e d t h e p u b l i c i m a g i n a t i o n » , s a i d M a r k D a h l , p r o g r a m m e
e x e c u t i v e for t h e M a r s S c i e n c e L a b o r a t o r y at N A S A H e a d q u a r t e r s i n W a s h i n g t o n . « T h i s c o n t e s t w i l l
expand our ability to inspire s t u d e n t s ' interest in science and give the public a chance to participate
in N A S A ' s next expedition to Mars».
T h e M a r s S c i e n c e L a b o r a t o r y r o v e r w i l l be l a r g e r a n d m o r e c a p a b l e t h a n a n y c r a f t p r e v i o u s l y s e n t
t o l a n d t h e r e . It w i l l c h e c k w h e t h e r t h e e n v i r o n m e n t i n a c a r e f u l l y s e l e c t e d l a n d i n g r e g i o n h a s e v e r
b e e n f a v o u r a b l e f o r s u p p o r t i n g m i c r o b i a l l i f e . T h e r o v e r w i l l s e a r c h f o r m i n e r a l s f o r m e d i n t h e pre­
s e n c e of w a t e r a n d look f o r s e v e r a l c h e m i c a l b u i l d i n g b l o c k s of l i f e .
« W e are n o w i n a p h a s e w h e n w e ' r e b u i l d i n g a n d t e s t i n g t h e r o v e r b e f o r e i t s j o u r n e y t o M a r s » ,
s a i d J o h n K l e i n , p r o j e c t m a n a g e r f o r t h e M a r s S c i e n c e L a b o r a t o r y at J P L . « A s t h e r o v e r c o m e s t o ­
g e t h e r a n d b e g i n s t o t a k e s h a p e , t h e w h o l e t e a m c a n ' t w a i t t o call i t b y п а т е » .

6 The t e x t tells about

A a competition held by N A S A .
В N A S A ' s Mars projects.
C a new W a l t Disney cartoon.
D a Mars Science Laboratory rover.

7 The deadline for s t u d e n t s ' essays is

A November 2009.
В February 2 0 1 0 .
C April 2010.
D May 2 0 1 0 .

8 It is planned to announce the finalists' names

A by TV.
В in a newspaper.
C b y m e a n s of t h e I n t e r n e t .
D on the radio.

9 W h a t will the grand prize winner have?

A A trip to N A S A ' s J e t Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.
В The opportunity to see the rover under construction.
C The rover model.
D The opportunity to place a signature on the spacecraft.
10 A c c o r d i n g t o M a r k D a h l , t h e p u r p o s e of t h e c o n t e s t i s
A to attract students' interest to science.
В to choose the best name for the Mars rover.
C to tell about the n e w Mars rover.
D to give students a chance to travel to Mars.

— . Task 3 ' — —
Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (11—15). There are three choices you do not need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

T h e U n i t e d K i n g d o m i s h o m e t o a v a s t n u m b e r of p r e s t i g i o u s u n i v e r s i t i e s . E v e r y y e a r , s t u d e n t s
b e g i n t h e r i g o r o u s a d m i s s i o n s p r o c e s s t o a t t e n d o n e of t h e s e s c h o o l s , i n c l u d i n g s t u d e n t s f r o m all o v e r
t h e w o r l d . T o g a i n a d m i s s i o n t o a t o p u n i v e r s i t y i n t h e U . K. f r o m w h e r e v e r a s t u d e n t m a y b e , s t u ­
d e n t s m u s t g o t h r o u g h t h e U n i v e r s i t i e s & C o l l e g e s A d m i s s i o n s S e r v i c e . T h e t o p 1 0 U . K. u n i v e r s i t i e s
are t h e e l i t e , a n d a d m i s s i o n t o t h e m i s v e r y c o m p e t i t i v e .

(11) U n i v e r s i t y of Bristol
L o c a t e d i n B r i s t o l , E n g l a n d , t h e U n i v e r s i t y of B r i s t o l i s o n e of t h e p r o c l a i m e d red-brick u n i ­
v e r s i t i e s , a g r o u p of s i x B r i t i s h u n i v e r s i t i e s e s t a b l i s h e d as c i v i c s c i e n c e o r e n g i n e e r i n g c o l l e g e s
b e f o r e W o r l d W a r I. It c o n s i s t e n t l y r a n k s a t t h e t o p of l i s t s p u b l i s h e d b y t h e « L e a g u e T a b l e s of
B r i t i s h U n i v e r s i t i e s * . It a l s o r e c e i v e s t h e m o s t a p p l i c a t i o n s p e r s c h o o l of a n y B r i t i s h u n i v e r s i t y ,
according to its website.

(12) U n i v e r s i t y of E x e t e r
T h e U n i v e r s i t y of E x e t e r i s l o c a t e d i n t h e s o u t h w e s t of E n g l a n d a n d h a s t h r e e c a m p u s e s . T h e y
b o a s t h i g h e n t r y s t a n d a r d s a n d l o w d r o p o u t r a t e s , w i t h a g r e a t m a j o r i t y of s t u d e n t s c o n s i s t e n t l y
reporting satisfaction w i t h their academic experiences there, according to the university.

(13) D u r h a m U n i v e r s i t y
D u r h a m U n i v e r s i t y , l o c a t e d i n D u r h a m , c l a i m s t o be t h e t h i r d o l d e s t u n i v e r s i t y i n E n g l a n d be­
h i n d its t w o h e a v y w e i g h t i n s t i t u t i o n s , Cambridge and Oxford. A c c o r d i n g to the «League Tables
of B r i t i s h U n i v e r s i t i e s * , i t a t t r a c t s a l a r g e l y m i d d l e a n d h i g h e r c l a s s s t u d e n t b o d y a s a n a l t e r n a ­
tive to both Cambridge and Oxford.

(14) London School of Economics

T h e L o n d o n S c h o o l of E c o n o m i c s , or t h e L S E , d e s c r i b e s i t s e l f a s t h e w o r l d ' s l e a d i n g s o c i a l sci­
e n c e i n s t i t u t i o n f o r b o t h t e a c h i n g a n d r e s e a r c h . I t h a s t h e l o w e s t a d m i s s i o n s r a t e of a n y u n i v e r ­
s i t y i n B r i t a i n , m a k i n g i t o n e of t h e m o r e s e l e c t i v e u n i v e r s i t i e s .

(15) U n i v e r s i t y of W a r w i c k
L o c a t e d i n t h e o u t s k i r t s of W e s t M i d l a n d s , E n g l a n d , t h e U n i v e r s i t y of W a r w i c k i s a r e s e a r c h - l e d
i n s t i t u t i o n . It h a s h i g h a c a d e m i c s t a n d a r d s a n d i s r e n o w n e d f o r i t s r e s e a r c h i n n u m e r o u s a r e a s
s u c h a s h i s t o r y , m a t h e m a t i c s a n d b u s i n e s s , t o n a m e a f e w . It a l s o b o a s t s m a n y n o t a b l e a l u m n i i n
a d i v e r s e a r r a y of f i e l d s .

This university _ _ _ _ _ _

A w a s f o u n d e d a s c i v i c s c i e n c e or e n g i n e e r i n g c o l l e g e s .
В is the third oldest university in England after Oxford and Cambridge.
C was the first university institution to be founded in London.
D i s t h e f o r e m o s t s o c i a l s c i e n c e i n s t i t u t i o n of t h e w o r l d .
E maintains a very high academic reputation.
 F is acknowledged for i t s r e s e a r c h in n u m e r o u s areas of s t u d y .
G is p r o u d of h i g h e n t r y s t a n d a r d s and low d r o p o u t r a t e s .
H is r e g u l a r l y r a t e d h i g h i n school r a n k i n g s .

— :
— Task 4 —
Read t h e text below. C h o o s e from (A—H) t h e o n e which b e s t fits e a c h s p a c e (16—21). There are two
c h o i c e s you d o not n e e d to u s e . Write your a n s w e r s on t h e s e p a r a t e a n s w e r s h e e t .
PHONE RAGE
W h a t drives people t o lose t e m p e r on t h e telephone? Being k e p t w a i t i n g , b e i n g connected to voice
mail, being passed on t o someone else (16) . B u t w h a t i n f u r i a t e s t h e m m o s t of all is t a l k i n g
t o someone who s o u n d s i n a t t e n t i v e , unconcerned or insincere, according to a Reed s u r v e y published
today.
The Reed s u r v e y found that^nearly two t h i r d s of people feel t h a t «phone rage» — people losing
t h e i r t e m p e r on t h e telephone — h a s become more common over t h e p a s t five y e a r s . More t h a n half
of t h e r e s p o n d e n t s , (17) , said t h a t t h e y themselves h a d lost t h e i r t e m p e r s on t h e phone t h i s
year.
The reasons for t h i s are threefold, according to Reed. People a r e m u c h m o r e likely to express
a n g e r over t h e p h o n e , r a t h e r t h a n i n w r i t i n g (18) . Moreover, telephone u s a g e h a s been ris­
i n g steeply over r e c e n t y e a r s . I n c r e a s i n g n u m b e r s of t r a n s a c t i o n s t a k e place e n t i r e l y by p h o n e , from
a r r a n g i n g i n s u r a n c e to p a y i n g bills. (19) , people's e x p e c t a t i o n s h a v e r i s e n . Nearly t h r e e
q u a r t e r s of r e s p o n d e n t s to t h e Reed s u r v e y said t h e y are m o r e confident t h a t t h e i r problems can be
solved over t h e telephone t h a n t h e y were five y e a r s ago.
Companies are t a k i n g steps to i m p r o v e t h e i r s t a f f ' s (20) . The s u r v e y found t h a t 7 0 per
cent of o r g a n i s a t i o n s r e q u i r e t h e i r staff to answer t h e telephone w i t h a formal company g r e e t i n g . In
4 3 per cent of o r g a n i z a t i o n s , staff h a v e to give t h e i r own n a m e s when t h e y answer t h e telephone.
B u t a t h i r d of o r g a n i s a t i o n s do n o t give any t r a i n i n g , or they t r a i n only t h e i r receptionists. T h a t
may n o t be enough, t h e r e p o r t says. A s companies move t o w a r d s «remote w o r k i n g * , t h e need for t h e
(21) e x t e n d s t o every level of t h e o r g a n i z a t i o n .

A In addition
В who were from 536 o r g a n i s a t i o n s
C or face-to-face
D t r a i n i n g for i t
E r i g h t tone of voice
F telephone a n s w e r i n g t e c h n i q u e s
G are all common r e a s o n s
H a n d most effective way
1
Task 5 —
Read the text below. For questions (22—33) c h o o s e the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on the s e p a r a t e a n s w e r s h e e t .
MAXWELL'S JOB INTERVIEW
Maxwell had not had a steady job for almost two years. Today was a big day, because he was going to
a job (22) t h a t he felt good about. The secretary he had talked to on t h e phone sounded friendly and
encouraging.
Maxwell was a typist. His fingers danced on the (23) . However, his social skills were not near­
ly as good as his typing skills. Sometimes his mouth got in the way of his employment. A t his last steady
(24) , his boss had told him to s t a r t making coffee every morning. Maxwell laughed. «I'm not mak­
ing coffee*, he said. «It's not p a r t of my job description*.
«Read the employee manual again*, his boss said. «Your job description is anything I say it is*.
« That's a woman's job», said Maxwell. «Do it yourself*.
 H i s boss w a s still y e l l i n g a s M a x w e l l w a l k e d (25) of t h e building. H e felt g r e a t about telling
off the boss. A f e w d a y s later, t h e reality of not h a v i n g a job h i t h o m e . H e h a d to (26) t h e rent and
u t i l i t y bills, and he had to eat. W h a t w a s he g o i n g to do?
H e t h o u g h t about (27) and a s k i n g for h i s job back. B u t h o w w o u l d t h a t look? Then again, w h o
cares h o w i t looks w h e n y o u ' r e a l m o s t broke? A f t e r t h i n k i n g about it for another w e e k , he finally called h i s
boss and apologised. H i s boss accepted h i s apology, b u t said t h a t he h a d already hired a replacement.
Maxwell (28) a temporary job agency, w h i c h provided h i m e n o u g h occasional work to pay h i s
bills. B u t none of t h e companies t h a t h e w a s s e n t to were hiring. So M a x w e l l w a s excited.about finally get­
t i n g an i n t e r v i e w for a s t e a d y job.
Maxwell's drive t o t h e i n t e r v i e w w a s (29) . The traffic w a s c o n g e s t e d a n d the neighbourhood
looked r o u g h . It took h i m 4 5 m i n u t e s to g e t there. The building w a s covered w i t h graffiti.
The i n t e r v i e w started 3 0 m i n u t e s (30) . W i t h o u t b o t h e r i n g to apologise, t h e m a n a g e r lit a ciga­
rette and took a (31) f r o m h i s coffee cup. H e leaned back i n h i s chair and p u t h i s feet u p on h i s
desk. H e asked Maxwell a lot of q u e s t i o n s . M a x w e l l t h o u g h t t h a t each q u e s t i o n w a s m o r e ridiculous t h a n t h e
(32) one. The final q u e s t i o n w a s , « W h e r e w o u l d y o u like to be 1 0 years f r o m now? »
« W h a t does t h a t h a v e to do w i t h t y p i n g ? * Maxwell (33) . «Silly q u e s t i o n s from a rude m a n i n
a l o u s y neighbourhood! W h e r e w o u l d h e like to be 10 years f r o m now? »
«Anywhere but t h i s dump!» M a x w e l l said angrily, as he s t o o d u p a n d w a l k e d o u t .

A В C D

22 dialogue. conference interview examination

23 keyboard blackboard smartboard processor

24 trade profession career job

25 out in on away

26 expend pay take buy

27 sorry forgiveness apologising express regret

28 get in touch with contacted reached spoke to

29 reasonable suitable appointing disappointing

30 lost last late later

31 sip drop taste mouthful

32 next former preceding following

33 rambled meandered wandered wondered

Read the text below. For questions ( 3 4 — 4 5 ) choose the correct answer (А, В, C or D), Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
MERCURY A N D THE W O R K M E N
A W o r k m a n , (34) w o o d b y t h e s i d e of a r i v e r , let h i s a x e d r o p b y a c c i d e n t i n t o a deep pool.
So feeling unhappy and (35) , he (36) . down on the bank and started (37) for
h i s h a r d f a t e . M e r c u r y a p p e a r e d a n d d e m a n d e d t h e c a u s e of h i s t e a r s . A f t e r h e ( 3 8 ) him his
misfortune, Mercury (39) i n t o t h e s t r e a m , a n d , b r i n g i n g u p a g o l d e n a x e , i n q u i r e d if t h a t
(40) t h e o n e h e h a d l o s t . On h i s s a y i n g t h a t i t w a s n o t h i s , M e r c u r y d i s a p p e a r e d b e n e a t h t h e
w a t e r for t h e s e c o n d t i m e , r e t u r n e d w i t h a s i l v e r a x e i n h i s h a n d , a n d a g a i n a s k e d t h e W o r k m a n if i t
w a s h i s . W h e n t h e W o r k m a n s a i d i t w a s n o t , h e d i v e d i n t o t h e p o o l (41) t h e third time and
b r o u g h t u p t h e a x e t h a t h a d b e e n l o s t . T h e W o r k m a n c l a i m e d i t a n d e x p r e s s e d h i s j o y at U s r e c o v e r y .
Mercury, pleased with his honesty, gave him the golden and silver axes in addition to his own.
T h e W o r k m a n , o n h i s r e t u r n h o m e , r e l a t e d t o h i s c o m p a n i o n s ali t h a t (42) . One
of t h e m at o n c e r e s o l v e d t o t r y a n d s e c u r e t h e s a m e g o o d f o r t u n e f o r h i m s e l f . H e ran t o t h e ri­
v e r a n d (43) his axe on purpose into the pool at the s a m e place, and sat down on
t h e b a n k t o w e e p . M e r c u r y a p p e a r e d t o h i m j u s t a s h e h o p e d h e w o u l d ; a n d h a v i n g learned
t h e c a u s e of h i s g r i e f , p l u n g e d i n t o t h e s t r e a m a n d b r o u g h t u p a g o l d e n a x e , i n q u i r i n g if h e
(44) i t . T h e W o r k m a n s e i z e d i t (45) , and declared that truly it was the very same
axe that he had lost. Mercury, displeased w i t h his dishonesty, not only took away the golden axe, but
refused to recover for h i m the axe he had thrown into the pool.

A В C D

34 fell felling- felled fells

35 depress depressing depressed depresses

36 sit sat has sat had sat

37 cry cried crying to crying

38 was told has told had told had been told

39 plunged has plunged had plunged was plunged

40 be was been are

41 for on in up

42 happen has happened was happened had happened

43 throw threw thrown throwed

44 loses has lost had lost was lost

45 greed greedy greedily greeding

 Writing
46 U s i n g t h e plan below, w r i t e a review for a film y o u have recently s e e n (at least 1 0 0 words).

PLAN
Introduction
Paral: M e n t i o n t h e t i t l e of t h e f i l m , d i r e c t o r , t y p e of t h e f i l m , p l a c e i t ' s s e t , m a i n c h a r a c t e r s ,
what the story is about.
Main body
Para 2: N a m e m a i n p o i n t s of t h e p l o t .
Para 3: W r i t e y o u r c o m m e n t s a b o u t t h e a c t i n g , p l o t , s o u n d e f f e c t s , e t c .
Conclusion
Para 4: R e c o m m e n d a t i o n s .
 Reading
_ __ T a s k j _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (1—5). There are three choices you don't need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

SUCCESS
(1) R e g a r d l e s s o f y o u r d e f i n i t i o n of s u c c e s s , m o s t p e o p l e w o u l d a g r e e t h a t s u c c e s s s t a r t s
w i t h your t h o u g h t s , y o u r ideas and your beliefs — in other words, your mind. The understand­
i n g t h a t t h e s o u r c e of s u c c e s s i s c o n t a i n e d i n s o m e t h i n g as a b s t r a c t a s t h o u g h t s a n d i d e a s c a n be
b o t h e x c i t i n g a n d f r i g h t e n i n g a t t h e s a m e t i m e . It i s a g r e a t f e e l i n g t o r e a l i s e t h a t w i t h t h e p o w e r
of y o u r m i n d a l o n e y o u c a n a c h i e v e a n y t h i n g y o u w a n t , a n d y o u c a n r e a c h t h e s u c c e s s t h a t y o u
d e s i r e . On t h e o t h e r h a n d , i d e a s a n d t h o u g h t s are s o m e w h a t i n t a n g i b l e — t h e y q u i c k l y c o m e a n d
go away.
Is s u c c e s s s o m e t h i n g t h a t c a n be o b t a i n e d or l o s t a s e a s i l y a s a t h o u g h t t h a t p a s s e s t h r o u g h y o u r
h e a d i n a n i n s t a n t ? I t h i n k t h e a n s w e r c a n be « y e s » a n d « п о » .

(2) T h e s e are t h e b e l i e f s , t h e h a b i t s , t h e b e h a v i o u r , a n d all t h e o t h e r d e t a i l s of t h e m i n d t h a t

m a k e u p t h e c o r e of w h o y o u a r e . K n o w l e d g e , s k i l l s a n d a b i l i t i e s a r e o t h e r c o m p o n e n t s of y o u r
mind that have a s o m e w h a t permanent character. However, some knowledge and skills can lose
t h e i r s t r e n g t h if n o t p u t t o p r a c t i c e , a n d n e w s k i l l s a n d k n o w l e d g e c a n b e g a i n e d t h r o u g h s t u d y ,
practice and experience. A person's beliefs, habits, personalities, knowledge, skills and abilities
are i m p o r t a n t c o m p o n e n t s of s u c c e s s t h a t w i l l n o t d i s a p p e a r o r b e l o s t i n a p a s s i n g m o m e n t .

(3) T h e s e are t h e i d e a s t h a t f l a s h t h r o u g h y o u r h e a d i n a m o m e n t of i n s p i r a t i o n . M o s t p e o p l e
don't pay m u c h attention to these temporary t h o u g h t s w h e n your m i n d reveals to you something
that could result in a good opportunity.

(4) S u c c e s s f u l p e o p l e u n d e r s t a n d t h e i m p o r t a n c e of s p e n d i n g t i m e d o i n g h i g h - l e v e l t h i n k ­
i n g . You should plan to have a time period for at least 30 m i n u t e s to one hour each day when you
are alone and y o u r m i n d is free from f u s s and disorder. U s e t h i s t i m e to let your m i n d flow and
r e v e a l t o y o u t h e i n t e r e s t i n g i d e a s w h i c h y o u m a y d i s m i s s w h e n y o u are b u s y w i t h o t h e r t h i n g s .
W h e n t h o s e t h o u g h t s c o m e t o y o u , d o n ' t r e j e c t t h e m . Let t h e m fill y o u r m i n d w i t h t h e p o s s i b i l i ­
ties and w i t h your dreams of success, unrestricted by any constraints.

(5) Y o u never know when great ideas will pop in your head. Therefore, it is very important
t h a t y o u a l w a y s c a r r y w i t h y o u a n o t e b o o k a n d p e n t o w r i t e d o w n y o u r i d e a s as s o o n as t h e y c o m e
t o y o u . T h i s n o t e b o o k c a n a l s o be v e r y u s e f u l f o r w r i t i n g d o w n o b s e r v a t i o n s t h a t w i l l h e l p y o u
b e c o m e s u c c e s s f u l . If y o u r u n i n t o a s u c c e s s f u l p e r s o n t h a t y o u a d m i r e , w r i t e d o w n t h e h a b i t s a n d
q u a l i t i e s , o r a n y t h i n g e l s e a b o u t t h i s p e r s o n . If y o u o b s e r v e s o m e t h i n g t h a t i s d o n e w i t h e x c e l l e n c e ,
or h i g h q u a l i t y , b e i t a p r o d u c t or a s e r v i c e , w r i t e i t d o w n . Fill y o u r n o t e b o o k w i t h l e s s o n s l e a r n e d ,
conclusions you have reached, resolutions you have made, goals you have established, observations
you have made, and just anything that will help you fix your t h o u g h t s around success.
A Start a blog.
В S o m e of y o u r t h o u g h t s a n d i d e a s a r e r a t h e r s t a b l e a n d p e r m a n e n t i n n a t u r e .
C Success is in your mind.
D Care a b o u t t h e o t h e r s .
E Do s o m e t h i n g useful.
F Take time to think.
G G e t i n t o t h e h a b i t of w r i t i n g .
H H o w e v e r , t h e r e are t h o u g h t s a n d i d e a s w h i c h are u s u a l l y t e m p o r a r y .
 Task 2
Read the text below. For questions (6—10) c h o o s e the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
J . K. R o w l i n g i s t h e p e n - n a m e s h e u s e s a s a w r i t e r . T h e J i s f o r J o a n n e , h e r real f i r s t n a m e , b u t
s h e p r e f e r s t o b e c a l l e d J o . A p p a r e n t l y , p e o p l e o n l y call h e r J o a n n e w h e n t h e y ' r e a n g r y w i t h h e r . T h e
K is made up. Her publisher asked her to write using a name w i t h t w o initials, but she didn't have
a middle name.
J o d i d a f e w d i f f e r e n t t h i n g s b e f o r e s h e s t r u c k u p o n t h e i d e a of w r i t i n g c h i l d r e n ' s b o o k s . S h e
w o r k e d as a r e s e a r c h e r a n d a b i l i n g u a l s e c r e t a r y f o r A m n e s t y I n t e r n a t i o n a l a n d a s a n E n g l i s h t e a c h e r
in Portugal.
The idea for the Harry Potter novels came from nowhere while she w a s on a train to London. She
s a i d , «The c h a r a c t e r s a n d s i t u a t i o n s c a m e f l o o d i n g i n t o m y h e a d » .
S e v e n P o t t e r n o v e l s l a t e r — a n d R o w l i n g i s o n e of t h e r i c h e s t w o m e n i n t h e w o r l d . I n f a c t , s h e i s
the first novelist ever to become a billionaire from writing. Her rags-to-riches story is a fantasy story
in itself. She was on g o v e r n m e n t handouts while writing her first novel. Her last four books broke
records for the fastest sellers in literary history.
T o d a y s h e d e v o t e s m u c h of h e r t i m e t o m a n y c h a r i t a b l e p r o j e c t s . S h e f a m o u s l y d e m a n d e d t h a t
Coca-Cola d o n a t e $ 1 8 m i l l i o n t o t h e R e a d i n g i s F u n d a m e n t a l c h a r i t y if i t w a n t e d a t i e - u p w i t h t h e
Potter movies.
T h e f u t u r e ? I n M a r c h 2 0 0 8 , s h e s a i d : «I w i l l c o n t i n u e w r i t i n g f o r c h i l d r e n b e c a u s e t h a t ' s w h a t
Ienjoy».

6 W h a t is the best title for this text?

A J . K. R o w l i n g : t h e A u t h o r of H a r r y P o t t e r N o v e l s .
В J. K. Rowling: the Richest W o m a n in the World.
C J . K. R o w l i n g : t h e E a r l y Y e a r s .
D Harry Potter: the Famous Character.

7 J. K. R o w l i n g
A i s t h e real n a m e of t h e w r i t e r .
В i s t h e p e n - n a m e of t h e w r i t e r .
C stands for Joanne Katherine Rowling.
D is the pen-name which Joanne doesn't like very much.

8 W h a t j o b s d i d J . K. R o w l i n g d o b e f o r e s h e s t a r t e d w r i t i n g c h i l d r e n ' s b o o k s ?
A S h e w o r k e d a s a r e s e a r c h e r , a b i l i n g u a l s e c r e t a r y a n d a t e a c h e r of P o r t u g u e s e .
В S h e w o r k e d a s a r e s e a r c h e r , a w r i t e r a n d a t e a c h e r of E n g l i s h .
C S h e w o r k e d a s a b i l i n g u a l s e c r e t a r y , a r e s e a r c h e r a n d a t e a c h e r of E n g l i s h .
D She worked as a publisher, a bilingual secretary and an English teacher.

9 Joanne Rowling made up the Harry Potter character when

A she was in London.
В she was on a bus to London.
C she was going from London by train.
D she was going to London by train.

10 J o a n n e R o w l i n g i s t h e f i r s t n o v e l i s t e v e r
A to become very rich by writing.
В to become so famous by writing.
C to write popular fantasy novels.
D t o be w e l l - k n o w n a l l o v e r t h e w o r l d .
..— „ „. . Task 3 • 1

Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (11 — 15). There are three choices you do not need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

WANTED...

(11) Salespeople — nationwide

Full training g i v e n .
Initial 2 m o n t h contract w i t h possible full time contract.
Must be target orientated.
Full driving licence.
E m a i l CV t o b p m s a l e s @ v i r g i n . n e t

(12) A u P a i r n e e d e d
Friendly family offers position caring for 2 small children.
Some light housework.
G o o d r a t e of p a y .
Live in.
Tel: M r s A R i c h a r d s 0 2 0 0 5 6 2 7 8

(13) Medical S e c r e t a r i e s a n d R e c e p t i o n i s t s
W e h a v e a r a n g e of i n t e r e s t i n g t e m p o r a r y a p p o i n t m e n t s i n C e n t r a l L o n d o n f o r m e d i c a l s e c r e t a r ­
ies and GP receptionists.
Good rates of pay.
For m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n call: 0 2 0 7 4 5 8 2 0

(14) A c c o u n t a n t
F o r w a r d - t h i n k i n g local p r o f e s s i o n a l p a r t n e r s h i p s e e k s a m b i t i o u s a c c o u n t a n t f o r r e s p o n s i b i l i t y
of d a y - t o - d a y o p e r a t i o n o f d e m a n d i n g a c c o u n t s d e p a r t m e n t . P r e v i o u s e x p e r i e n c e w i t h i n p r o f e s ­
sional e n v i r o n m e n t essential i.e. solicitors, surveyors, doctors e t c . Excellent benefits. Contact:
S a n d r i n e Le B a r v i n e . T e l : 0 2 0 3 1 2 0 4 2

(15) D a t a Processor required

P o r t u g u e s e s p e a k i n g graduate required i m m e d i a t e l y to work i n t h e s o u t h w e s t England office of
a l a r g e m u l t i - n a t i o n a l c o m p a n y . J o b i n v o l v e s t h e c o l l e c t i o n , p r o c e s s i n g a n d d i s t r i b u t i o n of d a t a
a b o u t f i n a n c i a l m a r k e t s . F l u e n t s p o k e n a n d w r i t t e n E n g l i s h e s s e n t i a l . E m a i l y o u r CV t o o u r c o n ­
s u l t a n t s at Linguajobs Ltd. Email: linguajobs@recruit.com

A t t h i s job you

A have to work part-time.

В will be offered an initial contract for t w o months.
C need to be an experienced specialist.
D cook f o o d .
E work at a medical office.
F need to have medical education.
G have to speak both English and Portuguese.
/• s h o u l d b e able t o l o o k a f t e r s m a l l c h i l d r e n .
Read the text below. Choose from (A—H) the o n e which best fits each s p a c e (16—21). There are two
choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

FAMOUS TEENS IN HISTORY

I t ' s an a d u l t s ' w o r l d . T h e y m a k e t h e d e c i s i o n s , c r e a t e t h e l a w s , m a k e m o n e y , a n d h a v e all of t h e
f r e e d o m s , b u t t h a t h a s n ' t a l w a y s b e e n t h e c a s e . W e ' r e t a k i n g a look b a c k t h r o u g h h i s t o r y t o d i s c o v e r
t h e m o s t p o w e r f u l , i n f l u e n t i a l , a n d i m p o r t a n t t e e n a g e r s of all t i m e !

Alexander the Great

A l e x a n d e r t h e G r e a t w a s o n e of t h e m o s t s u c c e s s f u l ( 1 6 ) . H e w a s b e s t f a m o u s f o r con­
q u e r i n g a l m o s t all of t h e w o r l d k n o w n t o t h e a n c i e n t G r e e k s i n c l u d i n g S y r i a , p a r t of I n d i a , E g y p t ,
a n d w a y m o r e a r o u n d 3 0 0 B C . A l e x a n d e r w a s t h e s o n of K i n g P h i l i p II of M a c e d o n i a . B y t h e t i m e
(17) Alexander had founded his first colony and named it Alexandroupolis.

Pope J o h n XII
W h i l e m o d e r n - d a y P o p e s are w e l l - k n o w n f o r b e i n g o l d i e s , J o h n X I I w a s o n l y 1 8 w h e n h i s papa­
c y b e g a n i n t h e y e a r 9 5 5 . U n f o r t u n a t e l y , P o p e J o h n X I I w a s k n o w n for b e i n g q u i t e i m m o r a l a n d
(18) t o t h e p a p a c y . It i s r u m o u r e d t h a t h e w a s k i l l e d b y t h e h u s b a n d of a w o m a n h e w a s h a v ­
i n g an a f f a i r w i t h .

Mary Shelley
Mary Shelley is the acclaimed British author (19) i n 1 8 1 8 w h e n s h e w a s o n l y 1 9 y e a r s old!
T h e b o o k w a s f i r s t p u b l i s h e d a n o n y m o u s l y a n d i t w a s g e n e r a l l y a s s u m e d t o be w r i t t e n b y h e r h u s b a n d ,
P e r c y B y s s h e S h e l l e y , u n t i l i t w a s p u b l i s h e d u n d e r h e r o w n n a m e in 1 8 3 1 .

J o a n of A r c
It w a s n ' t e a s y b e i n g a g i r l i n t h e 1 4 0 0 s , b u t J o a n of A r c d i d n ' t l e t t h a t s t o p h e r f r o m b e c o m i n g
a national heroine i n France (and, later, a saint). J o a n was a peasant girl w h o led the French army to
several important v i c t o r i e s during the Hundred Years' W a r after claiming to h a v e v i s i o n s from God.
She was later captured by the E n g l i s h and e x e c u t e d for heresy, (20) . A b o u t 5 0 0 years later
she was made a saint by Pope Benedict XV.

King Tutankhamun
K i n g T u t a n k h a m u n ( p o p u l a r l y r e f e r r e d t o a s K i n g T u t ) w a s an E g y p t i a n p h a r a o h b e t w e e n 1 3 3 3
BC — 1 3 2 4 B C . ( 2 1 ) K i n g T u t w a s o n l y e i g h t or n i n e y e a r s o l d w h e n h e b e c a m e a p h a r a o h
a n d d i e d b e f o r e h e w a s 1 9 . H i s t o m b i n t h e V a l l e y of t h e K i n g s i s t h e m o s t c o m p l e t e a n c i e n t E g y p t i a n
tomb ever found.

A who completed the 11,000-mile journey

В A t key points along the way
C who wrote Frankenstein
D It's thought
E military commanders in history
F generally brought shame
G t h a t all b e f o r e t h e a g e of 2 0
H he w a s 16
 Task 5

Read the text below. For questions (22—33) c h o o s e the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on t h e s e p a r a t e a n s w e r s h e e t .

DAVID BECKHAM
David Beckham is a n English footballer who h a s (22) for Manchester United and Real
Madrid, (23) r e p r e s e n t i n g his c o u n t r y 100 t i m e s . He moved to Los Angeles Galaxy in 2007
to increase t h e profile of football in A m e r i c a . He m a r r i e d «Spice Girl* Victoria Beckham and h a s
become a worldwide (24) , an a d v e r t i s i n g b r a n d a n d a fashion icon.
Beckham was (25) i n London in 1975. His p a r e n t s were fanatical Manchester United
(26) . His t a l e n t was obvious from a n early (27) a n d he signed w i t h Manchester
United on h i s f o u r t e e n t h b i r t h d a y . He helped t h e y o u t h (28) to win several trophies a n d
m a d e his first t e a m d e b u t in 1995. He helped his t e a m to (29) considerable success in his
eleven seasons w i t h t h e m .
Beckham h a s been r u n n e r - u p twice as world football's best player. He (30) many trophies
w i t h Manchester United, i n c l u d i n g t h e Champions League, a n d won a league t i t l e w i t h Real Madrid.
He also captained h i s club a n d c o u n t r y . H e was famously sent off in a m a t c h a g a i n s t A r g e n t i n a in t h e
1998 W o r l d Cup. In 2 0 0 3 , Beckham (31) an h o n o u r for services to football from B r i t a i n ' s
Queen.
Beckham h a s m a n y i n t e r e s t s off t h e soccer pitch and is r a r e l y (32) . of t h e headlines,
especially concerning h i s m a r r i a g e a n d children. He h a s established football academies in Los Angeles
and London. In 2006 he was (33) a j u d g e for t h e B r i t i s h Book A w a r d s . He lives near Tom
Cruise and t h e two a r e best f r i e n d s . Beckham is also a U n i t e d N a t i o n s Goodwill A m b a s s a d o r .

A В C D

22 stayed played won lost

23 as well as in order to as soon as hardly ever

24 fame celebrated outstanding celebrity

25 born come birthday bear

26 devoted sponsors supporters enthusiastic

27 epoch era age period

28 team class game band

29 took ran achieve realise

30 came first prevailed lost won

31 collected granted gave received

32 on at out in

33 named labelled told identified

 T a s k 6 -~
Read the text below. For questions (34—45) choose the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
T h e b a n d g o t t o g e t h e r i n D u b l i n , I r e l a n d , i n 1 9 7 6 . A t t h e (34) ___ of t h e 1 9 8 0 s t h e y s t a r t e d
t o h a v e h i t s i n t h e U K a n d A m e r i c a . T h e y (35) in the Live A i d concert in 1 9 8 5 , and after that
t h e y w e r e i n t e r n a t i o n a l s u p e r s t a r s . T h e i r a l b u m The Joshua Tree, c a m e o u t i n 1 9 8 7 , a n d i t s p e n t n i n e
w e e k s at t h e t o p of t h e A m e r i c a n c h a r t s . In B r i t a i n t h e y s o l d 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 c o p i e s i n t w o d a y s . A y e a r l a t e r
t h e a l b u m Rattle and Hum (36) t h e s a m e s u c c e s s . In t h e e a r l y 1 9 9 0 s t h e y m a d e a s e r i e s of
(37) a n d o r i g i n a l C D s i n c l u d i n g Zooropa a n d Achtung Baby — a n d c o n t i n u e d t o s e l l m i l l i o n s
of copies.
Is t h e i r m u s i c I r i s h ? N o t r e a l l y . B o n o i s (38) by Irish folk songs, but the band hasn't got
a n I r i s h s o u n d . It i s s o m e t i m e s A m e r i c a n , s o m e t i m e s B r i t i s h , s o m e t i m e s p u r e « U 2 » .
But «U2» are r a t h e r (39) f r o m o t h e r b i g rock b a n d s . (40) ______ one thing,
t h r e e of t h e m are C h r i s t i a n s — a n d s o m e t i m e s t h e i r c o n c e r t s h a v e a C h r i s t i a n atmosphere.
Bono says: «We are Christians. But it's a very private thing. We are not comfortable
(41) about i t » .
A l s o , t h e y t a l k a b o u t s e r i o u s p r o b l e m s . T h e y are g r e a t (42) of A m n e s t y I n t e r n a t i o n a l a n d
Greenpeace.
T h e g r o u p i s w e l l - k n o w n f o r (43) political songs. Their m e s s a g e is peace and understand­
i n g . E v e n t h e n a m e of t h e b a n d i s (44) t h i s m e s s a g e w i t h o t h e r s : « U 2 » a l s o (45)
«you too».

A В C D

34 begin beginner begun beginning

35 appear appeared appearing appears

36 have had has to have

37 interesting interest interested interests

38 fascinate fascinating fascinated is fascinated

39 different difference differ differentiate

40 On For With In

41 talking to talking talked told

42 support supporting supporter supporters

43 her his it its

44 share sharing shared have shared

45 mean means meaning have meant

 Writing
46 Todd Green has received a letter from Mr F l e m i n g , asking for a reference for Miss Collins who
w o r k e d f o r Mr G r e e n ' s c o m p a n y f o r t w o y e a r s . S h e l e f t w h e n s h e m o v e d h o u s e , a n d s h e h a s n o w
a p p l i e d f o r a job i n Mr F l e m i n g ' s c o m p a n y . Look at t h e n o t e s T o d d G r e e n h a s m a d e , t h e n w r i t e h i s
l e t t e r t o Mr F l e m i n g , u s i n g t h e p l a n b e l o w (at l e a s t 1 0 0 w o r d s ) .
Full name: Patricia Collins
Age: 27
Work experience: w o r k e d a s a n o f f i c e m a n a g e r — t w o y e a r s — r o s e t o p o s i t i o n of a d e p a r t m e n t
manager
Qualities: • hardworking — often worked overtime
• responsible — always worked well
• fast learner — quick to learn
• polite and helpful
• h o w e v e r , s t u b b o r n at t i m e s
PLAN
Introduction
Para 1: S a l u t a t i o n a n d r e a s o n s f o r w r i t i n g , t h e p e r s o n ' s n a m e , a g e , p o s i t i o n i n c o m p a n y , rea-
sons for leaving.
M a i n body
Para 2: Character, qualities.
Para 3: General c o m m e n t s about the person.
Conclusion
Para 4: C l o s i n g r e m a r k s ; p o l i t e e n d i n g (Sincerely yours/Faithfully yours/etc); your signature.
 Reading
_— — T a s k і — — — —
Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (1—5). There are three choices you do not need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
ELEMENTS OF A N EFFECTIVE SPEECH
«Half t h e w o r l d i s c o m p o s e d of p e o p l e w h o h a v e s o m e t h i n g t o s a y a n d c a n ' t ; t h e o t h e r h a l f h a v e
nothing to say and keep saying it».
A n y o n e c a n g i v e a s p e e c h . N o t e v e r y o n e c a n g i v e a n e f f e c t i v e s p e e c h . T o g i v e an e f f e c t i v e s p e e c h
there are 5 elements y o u should consider.

(1)
T h i s e l e m e n t i s t h e m o s t i m p o r t a n t of all. H p w m a n y t i m e s d o y o u p r a c t i s e y o u r s p e e c h ? A s a g e n ­
eral r u l e , y o u s h o u l d s p e n d a b o u t 3 0 h o u r s of p r e p a r a t i o n a n d r e h e a r s a l t i m e f o r e v e r y h o u r y o u
w i l l b e s p e a k i n g . U s e a t a p e r e c o r d e r or v i d e o t a p e y o u r s e l f . T h i s w i l l h e l p y o u t o g e t a n a c c u r a t e
p i c t u r e of h o w y o u s p e a k .

(2)
Use personal examples and stories in
to emphasize or support your point.
your personal and professional life to
b y s h a r i n g s o m e of y o u r s e l f w i t h t h e
your speech whenever possible. Make sure your stories help
The stories must match your message. Use examples from
m a k e y o u r p o i n t . In e i t h e r c a s e b e w i l l i n g t o g i v e of y o u r s e l f
audience.

(3)
D o n ' t t r y t o be a s t a n d - u p c o m e d i a n . U s e j o k i n g b y p o k i n g f u n a t y o u r s e l f a n d s o m e t h i n g y o u s a i d
or d i d . B e s u r e N O T t o m a k e f u n of a n y o n e i n t h e a u d i e n c e . P e o p l e w i l l l a u g h w i t h y o u w h e n y o u
poke f u n at yourself but don't overdo it.

(4)
D u r i n g t h e p r a c t i c e of y o u r s p e e c h look f o r o c c a s i o n s w h e r e y o u c a n u s e a g e s t u r e . E s t a b l i s h t h r e e
positions where y o u will stand and practise not only how to m o v e to t h e m but where in your speech
y o u do m o v i n g . P i c k t h r e e p o s i t i o n s , o n e o n c e n t r e s t a g e , o n e t o y o u r r i g h t , a n d o n e t o y o u r l e f t .
Do not hide behind t h e lectern. W h e n y o u do m o v e , m a i n t a i n eye contact w i t h the audience.

(5)
Make sure y o u h a v e the right location (assembly hall, classroom or conference room). Make sure
y o u k n o w h o w t o g e t t o w h e r e y o u a r e s p e a k i n g . A s k h o w l a r g e t h e a u d i e n c e i s y o u w i l l be s p e a k i n g
t o . M a k e s u r e y o u b r i n g all y o u r v i s u a l a i d s a n d p l e n t y o f h a n d o u t s . A r r i v e e a r l y s o y o u c a n c h e c k
o u t w h e r e y o u w i l l be s p e a k i n g a n d m a k e a n y l a s t m i n u t e a d j u s t m e n t s .
It i s v e r y i m p o r t a n t t h a t y o u p a y a t t e n t i o n t o e v e n t h e s m a l l e s t d e t a i l s . Y o u c a n n e v e r o v e r p l a n .
Remember, «Не who fails to plan is planning for failure*.

A Focus on Your Message and Not the Audience

В G i v e of Y o u r s e l f
C Use Natural Humour
D Pay Attention to All Details
E Use Gestures, Including Walking Patterns
F Stay Relaxed
G Plan Your Body & Hand Positions
H Be Prepared
 „ Task 2
R e a d t h e text below. For q u e s t i o n s ( 6 — 1 0 ) c h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r (А, В, C or D). Write your a n s w e r s
on the separate answer sheet.

THE GLASTONBURY FESTIVAL

T h e G l a s t o n b u r y F e s t i v a l of C o n t e m p o r a r y P e r f o r m i n g A r t s , c o m m o n l y a b b r e v i a t e d t o G l a s t o n ­
b u r y or e v e n G l a s t o , i s a p e r f o r m i n g a r t s f e s t i v a l t h a t t a k e s p l a c e n e a r P i l t o n , S o m e r s e t , E n g l a n d ,
best k n o w n for i t s contemporary m u s i c , but also for dance, comedy, theatre, circus, cabaret and other
arts.
The festival organiser Michael Eavis, a farmer in a S o m e r s e t valley, stated t h a t he decided to host
t h e f i r s t f e s t i v a l , t h e n c a l l e d P i l t o n F e s t i v a l , a f t e r s e e i n g an o p e n a i r «Led Z e p p e l i n » c o n c e r t at t h e
B a t h F e s t i v a l of B l u e s a n d P r o g r e s s i v e M u s i c 1 9 7 0 . T h e f i r s t f e s t i v a l s i n t h e 1 9 7 0 s w e r e i n f l u e n c e d
by hippie ethics and the free festival movement. After the 1 9 7 0 s the festival took place almost every
y e a r a n d g r e w i n s i z e , w i t h t h e n u m b e r of a t t e n d e e s s o m e t i m e s b e i n g s w o l l e n b y g a t e - c r a s h e r s . Lead­
i n g p o p a n d rock a r t i s t s h a v e a p p e a r e d as h e a d l i n e a c t s w i t h t h o u s a n d s of o t h e r s a p p e a r i n g o n s m a l l e r
s t a g e s and performance areas. The festival has also spawned films and albums and is reported exten­
sively on television and in newspapers.
A t p r e s e n t t h e G l a s t o n b u r y F e s t i v a l of C o n t e m p o r a r y P e r f o r m i n g A r t s i s p r o b a b l y t h e m o s t e x c i t ­
i n g m u s i c f e s t i n E n g l a n d w h i c h i s p o p u l a r w i t h t h e p e o p l e of d i f f e r e n t a g e s . It i s a l s o w o r l d r e n o w n e d
for h a v i n g stellar performers: the past ten years have seen s u c h artists as Paul McCartney, «R.E.M.»,
R o d S t e w a r t , L i l y A l l e n , J o h n M a y e r , «The W h o » , « C o l d p l a y » , a n d D a v i d B o w i e , s o t h e G l a s t o n b u r y
F e s t i v a l i s an u n b e l i e v a b l e c e l e b r a t i o n of m u s i c , a r t a n d c u l t u r e .
W i t h t h e t o t a l a r e a c o v e r i n g a b o u t g o o d n i n e s q u a r e m i l e s of l a n d o n t h e W o r t h y F a r m i n s o u t h ­
w e s t E n g l a n d , t h e r e i s s o m u c h m o r e t o s e e a n d e x p e r i e n c e t h a n j u s t t h e m u s i c . T h e r e are t h e a t r e a c t s ,
a circus, cabaret performers, shopping, crafts, comedy troupes, dancers, and so m u c h more.
A s t h i s i s a m u s i c f e s t , d o n o t e x p e c t y o u r s p o t t o be q u i e t , or i s o l a t e d . T h i s i s a p l a c e w h e r e y o u
n e e d an o p e n h e a r t a n d a n o p e n m i n d b e c a u s e y o u r c a m p i n g n e i g h b o u r s w i l l s o o n b e c o m e y o u r n e w
b e s t f r i e n d s . S p e a k i n g of b e s t f r i e n d s , y o u r d o g g i e s , k i t t i e s , b i r d i e s , a n d o t h e r p e t s are n o t p e r m i t t e d
at G l a s t o n b u r y s o a r r a n g e f o r t h e m t o be c a r e d f o r w h i l e y o u are g o n e ; o t h e r w i s e t h e y w i l l be s e i z e d
a n d h e l d off s i t e at y o u r e x p e n s e .
G l a s t o n b u r y F e s t i v a l d o e s w e l c o m e c h i l d r e n , a n d t h e r e i s p l e n t y f o r t h e m t o d o . S o , be p r e p a r e d
f o r f i v e s p e c t a c u l a r d a y s of m u s i c , d a n c i n g , r e v e l r y , a n d f u n , w h i c h m a y b e c o m e o n e of t h e m o s t
m e m o r a b l e e x p e r i e n c e s of y o u r life!

6 A c c o r d i n g t o t h e t e x t , w h i c h of t h e f o l l o w i n g s t a t e m e n t s i s t r u e ?
A T h e o r g a n i z e r of t h e f i r s t G l a s t o n b u r y F e s t i v a l w a s M i c h a e l E a v i s , a f a m o u s s i n g e r .
В T h e G l a s t o n b u r y F e s t i v a l u s e d t o be c a l l e d P i l t o n F e s t i v a l .
C The first festivals in the 1 9 7 0 s were influenced by hip-hop culture.
D There has always been v e r y little information about the festival in mass media.

7 The Glastonbury Festival

A invites world-famous stars.
В is a classical music fest.
C i s an e v e n t o n l y f o r a d u l t s .
D t a k e s p l a c e i n t h e e a s t of E n g l a n d .

8 From the text we can say that the place where the festival is held
A is very peaceful.
В t a k e s a n a r e a of a b o u t n i n e s q u a r e m i l e s .
C is located in a town.
D is in the country.
9 At Glastonbury pets
A are welcome.
В c a n be s e i z e d a n d h e l d o f f s i t e a t y o u r e x p e n s e .
C c a n be l o o k e d a f t e r f o r a d d i t i o n a l f e e .
D are n o t f o r b i d d e n .

10 It c a n be i n f e r r e d f r o m t h e t e x t t h a t G l a s t o n b u r y F e s t i v a l
A does not offer any activities for children.
В occupies a large concert hall.
C lasts for five days.
D is best for those w h o are interested in fine arts.

— - — — — - — — — — — — — — Task 3 — — — •—
Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (11—15). There are three choices you do not need to u s e .
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
FAMOUS BUILDINGS A N D STRUCTURES: PREHISTORICAL A N D ANCIENT

(11) T h e P a n t h e o n a t R o m e
T h e P a n t h e o n a t R o m e , b e g u n b y A g r i p p a i n 2 7 B . C . a s a t e m p l e , w a s r e b u i l t i n i t s p r e s e n t cir­
c u l a r f o r m b y H a d r i a n ( A . D . 1 1 8 — 1 2 8 ) . L i t e r a l l y , t h e P a n t h e o n w a s i n t e n d e d as a t e m p l e of «all
t h e g o d s » . It i s r e m a r k a b l e f o r i t s p e r f e c t p r e s e r v a t i o n t o d a y , a n d h a s s e r v e d c o n t i n u o u s l y f o r 2 0
c e n t u r i e s a s a p l a c e of w o r s h i p .

(12) Stonehenge
Stonehenge, a massive circular megalithic monument on the Salisbury Plain in southern England,
i s t h e m o s t f a m o u s of all p r e h i s t o r i c s t r u c t u r e s . T h o u g h t t o h a v e b e e n b u i l t i n 2 0 0 0 B . C . , i t m a y
have been used as an astronomical i n s t r u m e n t to measure solar and lunar m o v e m e n t s .

(13) T h e P a r t h e n o n o f G r e e c e
T h e P a r t h e n o n of G r e e c e , b u i l t o n t h e A c r o p o l i s i n A t h e n s , w a s t h e c h i e f t e m p l e t o t h e g o d d e s s
A t h e n a . It w a s b e l i e v e d t o h a v e b e e n c o m p l e t e d b y 4 3 8 B . C . T h e p r e s e n t t e m p l e r e m a i n e d i n t a c t
u n t i l t h e 5 t h c e n t u r y A . D . T o d a y , t h o u g h t h e P a r t h e n o n i s i n r u i n s , i t s m a j e s t i c p r o p o r t i o n s are
still discernible.

(14) T h e C o l o s s e u m of R o m e
T h e C o l o s s e u m of R o m e , t h e l a r g e s t a n d m o s t f a m o u s of t h e R o m a n a m p h i t h e a t e r s , w a s o p e n e d
for u s e i n 8 0 A . D . E l l i p t i c a l i n s h a p e , i t c o n s i s t e d of t h r e e s t o r i e s a n d a n u p p e r g a l l e r y , r e b u i l t i n
s t o n e i n i t s p r e s e n t f o r m i n t h e 3 r d c e n t u r y A . D . It w a s p r i n c i p a l l y u s e d f o r g l a d i a t o r i a l c o m b a t
and could seat between 4 0 , 0 0 0 and 5 0 , 0 0 0 spectators.

(15) T h e G r e a t S p h i n x of E g y p t
T h e G r e a t S p h i n x of E g y p t , o n e of t h e w o n d e r s of a n c i e n t E g y p t i a n a r c h i t e c t u r e , a d j o i n s t h e p y r a ­
m i d s of G i z a a n d h a s a l e n g t h of 2 4 0 f t . B u i l t i n t h e f o u r t h d y n a s t y , i t i s a p p r o x i m a t e l y 4 , 5 0 0
years old. A 10-year, $ 2 . 5 million restoration project was completed in 1 9 9 8 . Other Egyptian
b u i l d i n g s of n o t e i n c l u d e t h e T e m p l e s of K a r n a k , E d f u , a n d A b u S i m b e l a n d t h e T o m b s a t B e n i
Hassan.

This famous building

A served as a place for gladiatorial contests.
В h a s b e e n t h e p l a c e of w o r s h i p f o r m a n y c e n t u r i e s .
C is a well-known stone circle.
D used to have two upper galleries.
E was built to commemorate major military victories.
 F was rediscovered in the 17th century.
G h a d b e e n r e s t o r e d b y t h e e n d of t h e 2 n d m i l l e n i u m A . D .
H h a s b e e n d e s t r o y e d , h o w e v e r i t s m a g n i f i c e n t p r o p o r t i o n s are s t i l l e v i d e n t .

R e a d t h e text below. C h o o s e from (A—H) t h e o n e which b e s t fits e a c h s p a c e ( 1 6 — 2 1 ) . There are t w o

c h o i c e s y o u d o not n e e d t o u s e . Write your a n s w e r s o n t h e s e p a r a t e a n s w e r s h e e t .
W H A T A R E T H E H O P E S OF I N T E R N A T I O N A L S T U D E N T S ?
E v e r y y e a r , t h o u s a n d s of i n t e r n a t i o n a l s t u d e n t s c o n s i d e r s t u d y i n g a b r o a d ( 1 6 ) , with the
h o p e of b e t t e r e d u c a t i o n a l a n d w o r k o p p o r t u n i t i e s i n f u t u r e . H o w e v e r , n o m a t t e r w h e t h e r y o u are
l o o k i n g f o r o n l i n e a s s o c i a t e d e g r e e s , a n M B A , or l a n g u a g e c o u r s e s , o b t a i n i n g a u n i v e r s i t y e d u c a t i o n
requires (17) t o m a k e s u r e t h e e x p e r i e n c e i s r i g h t for y o u .
W i l l i n g to improve y o u r l a n g u a g e skills, but y o u don't have t i m e to go overseas to attend school?
M o r e and m o r e u n i v e r s i t i e s a r o u n d t h e w o r l d are o f f e r i n g o p p o r t u n i t i e s for s t u d e n t s t o o b t a i n de­
g r e e s o n l i n e ( d i s t a n c e e d u c a t i o n ) f r o m t h e c o m f o r t of t h e i r o w n h o m e s , a n d m a n y of t h e s e i n s t i t u ­
t i o n s are a c c r e d i t e d , m e a n i n g (18) .
If y o u d e c i d e t o t a k e l a n g u a g e c o u r s e s o n l i n e (or a n y s u b j e c t f o r t h a t m a t t e r ) , b e s u r e t o e v a l u a t e
t h e b e n e f i t s of s t u d y i n g o n l i n e (19) . T h e a d v a n t a g e s of s t u d y i n g o n l i n e are t h a t t h e c o s t s are
u s u a l l y l o w e r , y o u c a n s t u d y at y o u r o w n p a c e , a n d y o u h a v e a c c e s s t o t h e m a t e r i a l s 2 4 - h o u r s - a - d a y
(20) i n t h e w o r l d . H o w e v e r , y o u w o n ' t g e t t h e h u m a n i n t e r a c t i o n of m e e t i n g p e o p l e f a c e t o
f a c e l i k e y o u w o u l d if y o u w e r e p h y s i c a l l y a t t e n d i n g a s c h o o l o v e r s e a s .
On t h e o t h e r h a n d , t h e a d v a n t a g e s of g o i n g o v e r s e a s m a y i n c l u d e d a y - t o - d a y o p p o r t u n i t i e s t o
l e a r n a n e w c u l t u r e , m e e t n e w f r i e n d s (21) , arid c h a n c e s t o s e e d i f f e r e n t p a r t s of t h e w o r l d .
H o w e v e r , t h e r e m a y b e a n u m b e r of d i s a d v a n t a g e s for s o m e i n c l u d i n g e x p e n s e , t i m e a w a y f r o m o n e ' s
s c h o o l , f a m i l y , or w o r k l i f e , a n d t h e c h a l l e n g e of a d a p t i n g t o a n e w c u l t u r e a n d w a y of l i f e .
Whatever you do, consider a distance education programme that meets your educational needs,
is within your budget, and equally important, provides you with opportunities to grow beyond the
classroom t h r o u g h cultural and educational activities.

A the ability to i n v e s t in new ideas

В reviewed and evaluated
C versus going abroad
D with w h o m you can use and practise the language
E from almost any computer
F careful planning and research
G to pursue a u n i v e r s i t y degree
H t h a t t h e y h a v e m e t c e r t a i n s t a n d a r d s of e x c e l l e n c e

R e a d t h e text below. For q u e s t i o n s ( 2 2 — 3 3 ) c h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r (А, В, C or D). Write your a n s w e r s

on the separate answer sheet.
Time m a g a z i n e h a s n a m e d M a r k Z u c k e r b e r g , t h e (22) of F a c e b o o k , a s t h e i r P e r s o n of
t h e Y e a r 2 0 1 0 . Z u c k e r b e r g , 2 6 , i s t h e s e c o n d y o u n g e s t (23) of t h e a w a r d . H e w o n t h e a w a r d
f o r c o n n e c t i n g 1 2 p e r c e n t of t h e p l a n e t o n h i s s o c i a l n e t w o r k i n g (24) . T h i s i s an i m p r e s s i v e
s t a t i s t i c c o n s i d e r i n g t h e s i t e h a s y e t t o m a k e a n y i m p r e s s i o n i n C h i n a . Mr Z u c k e r b e r g s a i d o n h i s
Facebook (25) : « B e i n g n a m e d as Time P e r s o n of t h e Y e a r i s a r e a l (26) and recogni­
t i o n o*f h o w o u r l i t t l e t e a m i s b u i l d i n g s o m e t h i n g t h a t h u n d r e d s of m i l l i o n s of p e o p l e w a n t t o u s e t o
m a k e t h e w o r l d m o r e o p e n a n d c o n n e c t e d . I ' m h a p p y t o b e a p a r t of t h a t * . T h e y o u n g e n t r e p r e n e u r
(27) a q u a r t e r of t h e s h a r e s of F a c e b o o k a n d i s a m u l t i - b i l l i o n a i r e .
 It w a s u n c e r t a i n f o r a (28) w h o w o u l d w i n Time's annual honour. Readers voting
i n t h e o n l i n e p o l l c h o s e t h e W i k i l e a k s f o u n d e r J u l i a n A s s a n g e a s t h e w i n n e r . (29) , Time
p a n e l i s t s c h o s e M a r k Z u c k e r b e r g . Time's editor Richard Stengel explained t h e y chose Zuckerberg
(30) h e w a s a m o r e p o s i t i v e f i g u r e t h a n A s s a n g e a n d b e c a u s e h e c h a n g e d « h o w w e all l i v e o u r
l i v e s i n w a y s t h a t a r e i n n o v a t i v e a n d e v e n o p t i m i s t i c * . H e w r o t e o n Time's (31) : « There is
a n e r o s i o n of t r u s t i n a u t h o r i t y , a d e c e n t r a l i z i n g of p o w e r a n d at t h e s a m e t i m e , p e r h a p s , a g r e a t e r
f a i t h (32) o n e a n o t h e r . . . » h e s a i d . Mr S t e n g e l c o n t i n u e d : « Z u c k e r b e r g s e e s t h e w o r l d a s f i l l e d
w i t h p o t e n t i a l f r i e n d s * . P e r h a p s o n l y t h e F a c e b o o k c r e a t o r h i m s e l f k n o w s h o w m u c h (33) he
can do.

A В C D
22 founder creature user hacker
23 prize winner championship supporter
24 site PC blog web
25 paper leaf mail page
26 honourable honest honoured honour
27 sells buys owns offers
28 time while when whilst
29 Furthermore However Moreover Likewise
30 so because despite rather
31 CD-rom hardware website browser
32 in on into off
33 many little less more

— — Task 6 — — — —
R e a d t h e text b e l o w . For q u e s t i o n s (34—45) c h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r (А, В, C or D). Write your a n s w e r s
on t h e s e p a r a t e a n s w e r s h e e t .

THAT'S THE WHOLE POINT!

One d a y C o l u m b u s w a s a t a d i n n e r w h i c h a S p a n i s h g e n t l e m a n (34) in his honour, and
s e v e r a l p e r s o n s (35) w h o w e r e j e a l o u s of t h e g r e a t (36) success. They were proud,
c o n c e i t e d f e l l o w s , a n d t h e y v e r y s o o n (37) to try to make Columbus uncomfortable.
« Y o u (38) s t r a n g e l a n d s b e y o n d t h e s e a s * , ' t h e y s a i d , « b u t w h a t of t h a t ? W e d o n o t s e e
(39) t h e r e s h o u l d b e s o m u c h s a i d a b o u t i t . A n y b o d y c a n s a i l (40) the ocean; and
a n y b o d y c a n c o a s t a l o n g t h e i s l a n d s o n t h e o t h e r s i d e , j u s t a s y o u h a v e d o n e . It i s (41) thing
in the world*.'
C o l u m b u s (42) no answer; but after a while he took an e g g from a dish and said to the
company: «Who among you, gentlemen, can make this egg stand on its end?*
One b y o n e t h o s e a t t h e t a b l e t r i e d t h e e x p e r i m e n t . W h e n t h e e g g (43) entirely around
a n d n o n e h a d s u c c e e d e d , e v e r y b o d y s a i d t h a t i t c o u l d n o t be d o n e .
T h e n C o l u m b u s t o o k t h e e g g a n d s t r u c k i t s s m a l l e n d g e n t l y u p o n t h e t a b l e s o as t o break t h e s h e l l
a l i t t l e . A f t e r t h a t t h e r e w a s n o t r o u b l e i n (44) it stand upright.
« G e n t l e m e n * , h e s a i d , « w h a t i s e a s i e r t h a n t o do t h i s w h i c h y o u s a i d w a s i m p o s s i b l e ? It i s t h e s i m ­
p l e s t t h i n g i n t h e w o r l d . A n y b o d y c a n d o i t , — a f t e r i t (45) how!»
 А В C D
34 has given had given been given had been given
35 are present were present was present had been present
36 admiral's admirals admirals' admiral
37 begin to begin has begun began
38 discovered have discovered had discovered be discovered
39 when why how what
40 along towards across behind
41 the most simple simpler simplest the simplest
42 make makes made has made
43 went has gone had gone was gone
44 make making to make made
45 have been shown was shown has been shown had been shown
 Writing
46 W h i l e s t a y i n g i n a b i g c i t y y o u v i s i t e d a n e x h i b i b i t i o n of s o m e f a m o u s a r t i s t . D e s c r i b e y o u r
i m p r e s s i o n s i n a l e t t e r t o a f r i e n d (at l e a s t 1 0 0 w o r d s ) u s i n g t h e p l a n b e l o w .

PLAN
Introduction
Para 1: Say w h e n and where the exhibition took place.
Main body
Para 2: Tell s o m e i n t e r e s t i n g f a c t s f r o m t h e b i o g r a p h y of t h e a r t i s t .
Para 3: D e s c r i b e y o u r i m p r e s s i o n s of t h e e x h i b i t i o n .
Conclusion
Para 4: S u m u p t h e p r o s a n d c o n s of t h e e x h i b i t i o n .
 Reading
— Task 1 • -— •

Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (1—5). There are three choices you don't need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

BRITISH CULTURE
T h e c o n c e p t of c u l t u r e c a n b e d e f i n e d i n m a n y a s p e c t s l i k e h i s t o r y a n d l i t e r a t u r e , art g a l l e r i e s a n d
m u s e u m s , f o o d o r m u s i c a n d e d u c a t i o n . I t ' s t h e w a y of l i f e of a g r o u p of p e o p l e . T h i s i n c l u d e s t h e ac­
c u m u l a t e d h a b i t s , a t t i t u d e s , b e l i e f s , c u s t o m s , a r t s , f o o d , d r e s s , e t c . T h e t o t a l s e t of l e a r n e d a c t i v i t i e s
t h a t i d e n t i f y t h e m e m b e r s of a c u l t u r e g r o u p w h i l e a l s o d i s t i n g u i s h i n g t h o s e of a n o t h e r g r o u p .

(1)
T h e r e are e s t i m a t e d 6 , 4 0 0 v i s i t o r a t t r a c t i o n s i n t h e U n i t e d K i n g d o m . T h i s i n c l u d e s m u s e u m s a n d
galleries like t h e N a t i o n a l Gallery and the British M u s e u m , historical h o u s e s and m o n u m e n t s like
t h e T o w e r of L o n d o n a n d W i n d s o r C a s t l e , c h u r c h e s a n d c a t h e d r a l s l i k e S t P a u l ' s C a t h e d r a l a n d
other tourist attractions like the London Eye.

(2)
T h e U n i t e d K i n g d o m c o n t a i n s s o m e of t h e w o r l d ' s l e a d i n g s e a t s of h i g h e r e d u c a t i o n , s u c h as t h e
u n i v e r s i t i e s o f O x f o r d a n d C a m b r i d g e , a l o n g w i t h I m p e r i a l C o l l e g e , L o n d o n S c h o o l of E c o n o m i c s
a n d U n i v e r s i t y C o l l e g e of t h e U n i v e r s i t y of L o n d o n .

(3)
T h e U n i t e d K i n g d o m h a s p l a y e d a s i g n i f i c a n t r o l e i n t h e d e v e l o p m e n t of s c i e n c e . It h a s p r o d u c e d
i n n u m e r a b l e s c h o l a r s , s c i e n t i s t s a n d e n g i n e e r s i n c l u d i n g S i r Isaac N e w t o n , B e r t r a n d R u s s e l l ,
A d a m S m i t h , J a m e s Clerk M a x w e l l . T h e n a t i o n i s c r e d i t e d w i t h n u m e r o u s s c i e n t i f i c d i s c o v e r i e s
i n c l u d i n g h y d r o g e n , o x y g e n , g r a v i t y , t h e e l e c t r o n , t h e s t r u c t u r e of D N A , h u m a n e v o l u t i o n a n d
natural selection and inventions including the chronometer, television, the modern bicycle, the
e l e c t r o n i c c o m p u t e r a n d t h e l a t e r d e v e l o p m e n t of t h e W o r l d W i d e W e b .

(4)
T h e U n i t e d K i n g d o m h a s b e e n i n f l u e n t i a l i n t h e d e v e l o p m e n t of c i n e m a . F a m o u s f i l m s i n c l u d e t h e
Harry Potter, Star Wars a n d James Bond s e r i e s w h i c h , a l t h o u g h m a d e b y A m e r i c a n s t u d i o s , u s e d
British source materials, locations, actors and filming crew.

(5)
Notable composers from the United Kingdom have included Henry Purcell, Sir Edward Elgar,
S i r A r t h u r S u l l i v a n . L o n d o n r e m a i n s o n e of t h e m a j o r c l a s s i c a l m u s i c c a p i t a l s of t h e w o r l d . T h e
U K w a s , w i t h t h e U S , o n e of t h e t w o m a i n c o n t r i b u t o r s t o t h e d e v e l o p m e n t of rock m u s i c , a n d t h e
U K h a s p r o v i d e d s o m e of t h e w o r l d ' s m o s t f a m o u s rock b a n d s i n c l u d i n g The Beatles, The Rolling
Stones, Led Zeppelin a n d Pink Floyd.

A Attractions
В Music
C Drama
D Science
E Cinema
F Literature
G Sport
H Education
Read the text below. For questions ( 6 — 1 0 ) c h o o s e the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
I N F O R M A T I O N SOCIETY
Once u p o n a t i m e s o c i e t i e s w e r e o r g a n i s e d o n t h e b a s e of r e l i g i o n , f a r m i n g , t r a d e or i n d u s t r y . In
m a n y p a r t s of t h e w o r l d t o d a y t h i s i s s t i l l t r u e , b u t s o m e t h i n g e l s e i s b e c o m i n g m o r e i m p o r t a n t — t h e
e x c h a n g e of i n f o r m a t i o n , a n d t h e t e c h n o l o g i e s t h a t w e u s e t o d o t h i s . T w e n t y - f o u r - h o u r n e w s , e-com-
m e r c e , i n t e r n a t i o n a l c a l l - c e n t r e s , m o b i l e p h o n e s , Global P o s i t i o n i n g S y s t e m s ... all t h e s e are m a k i n g
the world smaller and faster.
B u t h o w can everybody i n t h e world share t h e recent technological advances? Millions of people cannot
read these words because t h e y d o n ' t h a v e access to a computer. They d o n ' t understand E n g l i s h either, t h e
l a n g u a g e t h a t 8 0 % of t h e i n f o r m a t i o n i s w r i t t e n i n . They d o n ' t e v e n h a v e a telephone. T h e y are more wor­
ried about h o w far t h e y will h a v e to walk today t o g e t clean w a t e r or if t h e y can feed t h e m s e l v e s and their
families. For m o s t people o n t h i s planet, information is not a priority.
The contrast b e t w e e n c o u n t r i e s t h a t h a v e information t e c h n o l o g y and t h o s e t h a t d o n ' t i s called t h e «dig-
ital divide*. Scandinavia and S o u t h East A s i a h a v e a h i g h number of people w h o u s e Information Communi­
cation Technologies (ICT). Central A f r i c a and t h e Pacific have almost none.
The U n i t e d N a t i o n s i s t r y i n g to m a k e the information society a reality for m o s t of t h e developing world.
T h i s organisation w a n t s t o see rich countries transfer n e w t e c h n o l o g y and k n o w l e d g e t o poorer nations.
Ten years f r o m n o w , t h e plan i s t h a t everybody i n the world will have a radio or t e l e v i s i o n and that 5 0 %
of t h e world's population will h a v e access to t h e Internet f r o m schools and u n i v e r s i t i e s , h e a l t h centres and
hospitals, libraries and m u s e u m s . T h i s will i m p r o v e medical care and education, science and agriculture,
b u s i n e s s opportunities and e m p l o y m e n t . A t t h e s a m e t i m e , t h e y say, local c o m m u n i t i e s , languages and cul­
t u r e s will become stronger.
J u s t a dream? Certainly there are s o m e contradictions. D o e s only good c o m e w i t h freedom of informa­
tion? If i n f o r m a t i o n i s power, w h y will people share it? D o e s n ' t more t e c h n o l o g y m e a n fewer jobs? A n d
h o w can t h e e x c h a n g e of i n f o r m a t i o n keep local cultures alive if m o s t of t h a t i n f o r m a t i o n e x i s t s only i n one
language?
It i s m u c h easier t o g e t people connected to broadband or p u t g o v e r n m e n t online i n Europe t h a n i n S o u t h
A m e r i c a or t h e Middle East. H o w e v e r , developing countries o f t e n leapfrog t h e process w h i c h richer n a t i o n s
w e n t t h r o u g h , and avoid t h e i r m i s t a k e s . Brazil collects m o s t of i t s t a x e s online t h e s e d a y s . There are cyber
cities i n Dubai and M a u r i t i u s . A n d Taiwan and H o n g K o n g h a v e better access to ICT t h a n t h e United King­
d o m . Maybe t h e E n g l i s h l a n g u a g e i s n ' t so important after all.
Can t h e world create a n i n f o r m a t i o n society for all? If a farmer i n B a n g l a d e s h can read this i n the year
2 0 1 5 , t h e n maybe t h e a n s w e r is «yes».

6 T h e m a i n i d e a of t h e t e x t i s t h a t
A everybody in the world shares the recent technological advances.
В t h e e x c h a n g e of i n f o r m a t i o n a n d t e c h n o l o g y d e v e l o p m e n t are e x t r e m e l y i m p o r t a n t f o r t o d a y ' s
world.
C m a n y y e a r s a g o s o c i e t i e s d i d n ' t n e e d t h e e x c h a n g e of i n f o r m a t i o n .
D many people cannot read because they don't have access to a computer.
7 For m a n y p e o p l e i n d e v e l o p i n g c o u n t r i e s i n f o r m a t i o n i s n o t a p r i o r i t y b e c a u s e
A they don't want to learn English.
В t h e y t h i n k t h a t t h e u s e of a c o m p u t e r c a n h a v e b a d i n f l u e n c e o n t h e i r h e a l t h .
C they prefer face-to-face communication.
D they have so m a n y problems i n satisfying their physical needs that t h e y don't have t i m e to
think about modern technologies.

8 The term «digital divide* is used to describe

A the contrast between countries that have information technology and those that don't.
В p e o p l e w h o p r i n c i p a l l y i g n o r e ICT,
C t h e r e g u l a r u s e o f ICT.
D any digital device.
9 The main reason w h y t h e U n i t e d N a t i o n s wants t h e n e w technology to be spread in developing
countries is to
A let everybody in the world have access to the Internet.
В improve t h e e x c h a n g e of information.
C m a k e local c o m m u n i t i e s , l a n g u a g e s a n d c u l t u r e s s t r o n g e r .
D provide t h e freedom of information i n every place of t h e world.

10 A c c o r d i n g t o t h e t e x t , o n e o f t h e c h a l l e n g e s of s p r e a d i n g t h e i n f o r m a t i o n a l t e c h n o l o g y i s t h a t

A t h e spread of t e c h n o l o g y doesn't obviously m e a n t h e g r o w t h of w o r k i n g places.

В t h e local c u l t u r e s d o n ' t n e e d a n y s u p p o r t .
C everybody i n t h e world will have a radio or television.
D t h e f r e e d o m of i n f o r m a t i o n i s a u t o p i a .

— Task 3 •
Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (11—15). There are three choices you do not need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

LONDON'S PARKS

(11) R e g e n t ' s P a r k
B e c a u s e o f a n A m e r i c a n U n i v e r s i t y n e a r b y t h i s park i s h o s t t o m a n y g a m e s of s o f tball a s w e l l a s
f o o t b a l l a n d c r i c k e t . A b e a u t i f u l r o s e g a r d e n a n d s t u n n i n g t e r r a c e s of h o u s e s r o u n d t h e o u t s i d e .
L o n d o n Zoo i s a t t h e t o p o f t h e park a n d t h e r e ' s a n i c e p o n d .

(12) C o r a m ' s Fields

P r o v i d e s a r a r e b i t o f g r e e n t o K i n g ' s C r o s s area. A n a d j o i n i n g c h i l d r e n ' s park h a s a n i m a l s a n d
play areas.

(13) B a t t e r s e a P a r k
This is a large splendid park, bordering t h e Thames, i t h a s a pagoda, a boating lake as well as
a zoo that's popular with children.

(14) Hyde P a r k i s o n e o f t h e l a r g e s t p a r k s i n c e n t r a l L o n d o n a n d o n e o f t h e R o y a l P a r k s of L o n d o n ,
f a m o u s for i t s Speakers' Corner.
The park has become a traditional location for mass demonstrations.
For t h e 2 0 1 2 S u m m e r O l y m p i c s , t h e p a r k w i l l h o s t t h e t r i a t h l o n a n d t h e 1 0 k m o p e n w a t e r s w i m ­
ming events.

(15) B l a c k h e a t h a n d Greenwich P a r k
A trip t o Greenwich should be part of every visitor's route. Greenwich Park, w i t h i t s deer park,
rose garden and ancient trees, i s a Royal Park and attached to t h e Queen's House where Queen
E l i z a b e t h g r e w u p . A g r e a t p l a c e f o r S u n d a y s , w h e n G r e e n w i c h m a r k e t i s i n f u l l s w i n g . T h e Old
Royal Observatory i s at t h e top of t h e hill.

In t h i s p a r k

A there are special areas for children to play.

В there's a b a t h i n g area.
C mass demonstrations traditionally take place.
D y o u ' l l f i n d T h e Old R o y a l O b s e r v a t o r y .
E you can take play different sports and games.
F there's a b a t h i n g area.
G you can go boating on a lake.
H rock f e s t i v a l s a r e u s u a l l y h e l d .
Read the text below. Choose from (A—H) the one which best fits each s p a c e (16—21). There are two
choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
THE SILAS LAKE PARK
T h e S i l a s Lake P a r k r e o p e n s t o d a y a f t e r b e i n g c l o s e d f o r s i x m o n t h s . T h e p a r k w a s c l o s e d b e c a u s e
m u d and rock s l i d e s (16) , t h e o n l y a c c e s s i n t o t h e p a r k . « W e h a d t o r e m o v e t o n s of b o u l d e r s
a n d r o c k s » , s a i d H u g h F o s t e r — t h e H e a d of t h e P a r k s a n d R e c r e a t i o n D e p a r t m e n t . « T h e n w e h a d
to r e b u i l d a b r i d g e a n d r e c o n s t r u c t a l m o s t a m i l e of h i g h w a y . I ' m r e a l l y s u r p r i s e d w e g o t i t d o n e s o
soon».
T h e park i s t h r e e m i l e s n o r t h of C o l f a x o n H i g h w a y 2 8 . C a m b r i d g e R o a d i s a t w o - l a n e w a y t h a t
w i n d s u p w a r d t h r o u g h P e a r l C a n y o n b e f o r e i t f a l l s d o w n t o S i l a s L a k e , w h i c h h a s (17) . The
l a r g e s t lake i n t h e c o u n t y , i t i s a l s o f a m o u s f o r b a s s . I n f a c t , t h e r e c o r d l a r g e m o u t h b a s s c a t c h i n Cali­
fornia occurred here in 1 9 7 5 . A 14-year-old boy caught a 19-pound bass.
The lake has t w o ramps for boaters, a full-service restaurant, a snack bar, a small tackle store,
(18) . A s w i t h all c o u n t y p a r k s , n o a l c o h o l i s s o l d or p e r m i t t e d . M o r e t h a n 1 0 0 p i c n i c t a b l e s
h a v e p r o t e c t i v e r o o f s a n d b i g b a r b e c u e p i t s . T h e r e are p u b l i c r e s t r o o m s w i t h f r e e s h o w e r f a c i l i t i e s ,
l o t s of t r a s h c a n s , a n d h i k i n g t r a i l s f o r n a t u r e l o v e r s . T h e w e s t s i d e of t h e park i n c l u d e s a s o f t b a l l
f i e l d , a s o c c e r f i e l d , a n d t w o v o l l e y b a l l c o u r t s . H o r s e r i d i n g a n d k i t e - f l y i n g are (19) In s u m ­
m e r , a d e s i g n a t e d s w i m m i n g area h a s a l i f e g u a r d o n d u t y s e v e n d a y s a w e e k .
T h e e n t r y f e e i s $ 1 0 p e r v e h i c l e a n d $ 1 0 p e r b o a t . R e s e r v a t i o n s are n o t a c c e p t e d . T h e p a r k i n g l o t
h o l d s a b o u t 5 0 0 v e h i c l e s ; if i t i s f u l l , (20) . Latecomers either leave or wait in line for some­
o n e t o l e a v e t h e p a r k i n g l o t . S o m e w e e k e n d s t h e r e are t h r e e d o z e n v e h i c l e s w a i t i n g i n l i n e o u t s i d e t h e
g a t e . B e c a u s e of m a n y r e q u e s t s , p a r k o f f i c i a l s s o o n m i g h t s t a r t p e r m i t t i n g c a m p e r s (21) .
T h e park i s o p e n f r o m d a w n t o 1 0 p . m . d u r i n g s u m m e r . « W e p r o b a b l y a c c e p t h e r e i n a v e r a g e
2 , 0 0 0 p e o p l e e v e r y d a y d u r i n g s u m m e r * , s a i d Mr F o s t e r . « T h e y c o m e h e r e t o f i s h , s w i m , w a t e r - s k i ,
jet-ski, picnic, commune w i t h Mother Nature, you name it. People love this place*.

A n o a d d i t i o n a l v e h i c l e s are a l l o w e d t o e n t e r
В and a boat rental facility
C enjoying a music festival
D d e s t r o y e d p a r t of C a m b r i d g e R o a d
E about 20 miles of shoreline
F to stay overnight on weekends
G a journey through history
II two other popular activities

„ Task 5

Read the text below. For questions ( 2 2 — 3 3 ) choose the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.

CALLENDALE CASTLE

Callendale Castle, o f t e n called one of t h e (22) castles i n E n g l a n d , i s built o n a hill overlook­

i n g t h e (23) of C a l l e n d a l e i n W e s t B a s s e t s h i r e . On a p p r o a c h i n g C a l l e n d a l e v i l l a g e , t h e t w i n
(24) of t h e c a s t l e s u d d e n l y l o o m e d t h r o u g h t h e m i s t , g i v i n g t h e v i l l a g e a (25) ap­
pearance.
C a l l e n d a l e C a s t l e (26) m a n y stories, and m a n y secrets. A quick read through the
(27) g a v e m e a c o l o u r f u l i m a g e of t h e w a y t h i n g s m u s t h a v e b e e n i n s i d e t h e s e f o r b i d d i n g
s t o n e w a l l s all t h o s e y e a r s (28) . A s e c r e t m e e t i n g b e t w e e n (29) Henry V and
a F r e n c h a m b a s s a d o r t o o k (30) here d u r i n g the 1 0 0 years' war. In 1 8 1 4 , the castle narrowly
escaped being b u r n t to t h e (31) when a lazy k i t c h e n boy left a pig r o a s t i n g on t h e open
(32) unattended.
The castle (33) took me to a d a r k dank dungeon, complete w i t h g r u e s o m e i n s t r u m e n t s
of t o r t u r e . H i d d e n in one c o r n e r t h e r e is a t i n y cell, little more t h a n a hole, w h e r e countless prisoners
were left to r o t away. I t ' s h a r d to imagine'how a grown person could fit i n t o a place so small.

A В C D
22 finest beautiful nice most

23 cottage country city village

24 towers rooms windows terraces

25 mysterious clear particular modern

26 creates reads reveals holds

27 tour guide excursion guidebook handout

28 before ago after since

29 Queen King Knight Owner

30 participation seat easy place

31 earth mud ground globe

32 water fire air earth

33 voyage trip journey tour

•
• Task 6 -
Read the texts below. For q u e s t i o n s (34—45) c h o o s e t h e correct a n s w e r (А, В, C or D). Write your
answers on the s e p a r a t e a n s w e r s h e e t .
BING, T H E N E W S E A R C H E N G I N E OF MICROSOFT
Microsoft's new s e a r c h engine, Bing, (34) i n a major ad c a m p a i g n . The company hopes it
(35) c o m p e t i t o r s like Yahoo and Google.
Microsoft h a s h a d a s e a r c h engine for m a n y years already. I t ' s gone t h r o u g h a n u m b e r of incarna­
tions b u t t h e problem w a s t h a t relatively few people ever used i t . The w o r l d ' s l a r g e s t software devel­
oper w a n t s to change t h a t w i t h t h e launch of Bing.
Described as a «decision engine », Bing promises to m a k e s h o p p i n g , booking a flight or searching
for a r e s t a u r a n t online easier a n d f a s t e r t h a n o t h e r s i t e s .
B u t some e x p e r t s a r e a s k i n g why people would stop u s i n g Google, one of t h e w o r l d ' s most
(36) search e n g i n e s , a n d s t a r t u s i n g Bing?
Microsoft says i t ' s because 40 % of search queries on t h e i r c o m p e t i t o r ' s site (37)
u n a n s w e r e d — s o m e t h i n g t h e y can improve on. A n d while i t r e m a i n s to be seen how
(38) u s e r s will be a b o u t Bing, m a n y a d v e r t i s e r s already are.
Bing is stylish. Some of i t s f e a t u r e s , like previewing videos w i t h o u t (39) t h e site, s u r p a s s
w h a t is offered by Google. Microsoft is t a k i n g a major financial r i s k w i t h Bing. It h a s already spent
$ 1 0 0 m on t h e a d v e r t i s i n g c a m p a i g n alone.

A В C D
34 launched was launched was launch was launching
35 rival rivalled will rival is rivalled
 Закінчення таблиці
А В c D
36 use using uses used
37 go goes going is gone
38 excite exciting excited was excited
39 leave left leaved leaving

T H E P O P U L A R W A Y TO L E A R N E N G L I S H I N J A P A N
T h e s p e e c h e s of t h e n e w U n i t e d S t a t e s P r e s i d e n t B a r a c k Obama are p r o v i n g t o b e a p o p u l a r aid t o
learning English in Japan. A special compilation (40) o n s a l e l a t e l y , q u i c k l y b e c o m i n g a na­
tional bestseller.
I t ' s b e e n d e s c r i b e d b y i t s p u b l i s h e r s as a h u g e h i t i n J a p a n — a c o m p i l a t i o n of t h e s p e e c h e s of
B a r a k Obama h a s b e e n s o l d i n t h e n u m b e r of o v e r 4 0 0 , 0 0 0 c o p i e s , a n d s t u d e n t s at an E n g l i s h c l a s s
i n T o k y o are e v e n m e m o r i s i n g t h e n e w ( 4 1 ) words to improve their o w n pronunciation and
understanding.
Barak O b a m a ' s m e s s a g e of c h a n g e h a s b e e n w e l l r e c e i v e d i n J a p a n w h e r e p o l i t i c s i s o f t e n
(42) b y g r e y f i g u r e s a n d b a c k r o o m d e a l s . T h e clear l a n g u a g e of t h e s p e e c h e s m a k e s t h e m
an o b v i o u s c h o i c e for t e a c h i n g m a t e r i a l . B u t t h e n e w P r e s i d e n t ' s w o r d s are s a i d t o h o l d p a r t i c u l a r
appeal.
F i r s t of all i t ' s f r o m h i s p e r s o n a l i t y , a n d a l s o h i s t e c h n i q u e , a s h i s r h y t h m s i n E n g l i s h s o u n d b e a u ­
tiful to the Japanese people (43) may not understand English well but still find his English
as s o m e t h i n g t h e y w a n t t o l e a r n f r o m .
A n d s o , i n s h o p s a c r o s s J a p a n t h e f a c e of t h e n e w A m e r i c a n P r e s i d e n t i s a f i x t u r e o n t h e book­
shelves, (44) o n t h e b o o k s t a l l s . A n d f o r s t u d e n t s , t h e q u e s t i o n of w h e t h e r t h e y ( 4 5 ) in
improving their English can be answered — «Yes, we will».

A В C D
40 go went has gone going
41 President President's Presidents Presidents'
42 characterise characterised characterising characterises
43 who whose what when
44 as well as is well as as better as as good as
45 succeed will succeed succeeded have succeed
 Writing
46 Some days ago you ordered a yellow woolen sweater, large size, and light blue jeans, medium size,
i n a n I n t e r n e t s h o p ; h o w e v e r , w h e n y o u g o t y o u r o r d e r , y o u f o u n d o u t t h a t t h e r e w a s a red w o o l e n
s w e a t e r , m e d i u m s i z e , a n d l i g h t b l u e j e a n s , l a r g e s i z e . W r i t e a l e t t e r of c o m p l a i n t t o t h e m a n a g e r
of t h e s h o p :
— s a y w h y y o u are w r i t i n g ;
— complain about the order;
— m e n t i o n t h a t y o u are e x t r e m e l y d i s a p p o i n t e d as y o u w a n t e d t o t a k e t h o s e t h i n g s o n h o l i d a y
with you;
— ask for r e p l a c e m e n t of t h e i t e m s or a f u l l r e f u n d .
W r i t e a l e t t e r of at l e a s t 1 0 0 w o r d s . D o n o t w r i t e a n y d a t e s a n d a d d r e s s e s . S t a r t y o u r l e t t e r w i t h :
Dear Sir or Madam,

Best wishes,
 Reading
_ — _ — ____ T a s k л — _ _ — _ — _ _ _
Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (1—5). There are three choices you don't need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
ECOTOURISM
N o w a d a y s , m a n y of u s t r y t o l i v e i n a w a y t h a t w i l l d a m a g e t h e e n v i r o n m e n t a s l i t t l e as p o s s i b l e .
W e recycle our newspapers and bottles, we take public transport to get to work, we try to buy locally
produced fruit and vegetables and we stopped u s i n g aerosol sprays years ago. A n d we want to take
t h e s e a t t i t u d e s on h o l i d a y w i t h u s . T h i s i s w h y a l t e r n a t i v e f o r m s of t o u r i s m a r e b e c o m i n g m o r e p o p u ­
lar all o v e r t h e w o r l d .

(1) T h e r e are l o t s o f n a m e s f o r t h e s e n e w f o r m s of t o u r i s m : r e s p o n s i b l e t o u r i s m , a l t e r n a ­
tive tourism, sustainable tourism, nature tourism, adventure tourism, educational tourism and
m o r e . E c o t o u r i s m p r o b a b l y i n v o l v e s a l i t t l e of all of t h e m . E v e r y o n e h a s a d i f f e r e n t d e f i n i t i o n b u t
most people agree that ecotourism must:
1) c o n s e r v e t h e w i l d l i f e a n d c u l t u r e of t h e area;
2) i n v o l v e t h e l o c a l c o m m u n i t y ;
3) m a k e a p r o f i t w i t h o u t d e s t r o y i n g n a t u r a l r e s o u r c e s .

(2) T o u r i s t s s t a y i n local h o u s e s w i t h local p e o p l e , n o t i n s p e c i a l l y b u i l t h o t e l s . S o t h e y e x ­

p e r i e n c e t h e local c u l t u r e a n d d o n o t t a k e p r e c i o u s e n e r g y a n d w a t e r a w a y f r o m t h e local p o p u l a ­
tion. They travel on foot, by boat, bicycle or elephant so that there is no pollution. A n d they have
a s p e c i a l e x p e r i e n c e t h a t t h e y w i l l r e m e m b e r all of t h e i r l i v e s .
T h i s t y p e of t o u r i s m c a n o n l y i n v o l v e s m a l l n u m b e r s of p e o p l e s o i t c a n b e e x p e n s i v e . B u t y o u c a n
a p p l y t h e p r i n c i p l e s of e c o t o u r i s m w h e r e v e r y o u g o f o r y o u r h o l i d a y . J u s t r e m e m b e r t h e s e b a s i c
rules.

(3) Learn about t h e place t h a t you're g o i n g to v i s i t . Find o u t about i t s culture and history.
L e a r n a l i t t l e of t h e n a t i v e l a n g u a g e , at l e a s t b a s i c s l i k e « P l e a s e * , « T h a n k y o u » , a n d «Good m o r n ­
i n g * . T h i n k of y o u r h o l i d a y as a n o p p o r t u n i t y to l e a r n s o m e t h i n g .

(4) W e a r clothes that will not offend people. A l w a y s ask p e r m i s s i o n before you take a pho­
t o g r a p h . R e m e m b e r t h a t y o u are a v i s i t o r .
S t a y i n local h o t e l s a n d e a t i n local r e s t a u r a n t s . B u y local p r o d u c t s w h e n e v e r p o s s i b l e a n d p a y
a fair price for what you buy.

(5) If t h e a r e a d o e s n ' t h a v e m u c h w a t e r , d o n ' t t a k e t w o s h o w e r s e v e r y d a y . R e m e m b e r t h e

p h r a s e : « L e a v e n o t h i n g b e h i n d y o u e x c e p t f o o t p r i n t s a n d t a k e n o t h i n g a w a y e x c e p t p h o t o g r a p h s *.
T a k e as m u c h c a r e of t h e p l a c e s t h a t y o u v i s i t a s y o u t a k e of y o u r o w n h o m e . D o n ' t b u y s o u v e n i r s
m a d e of e n d a n g e r e d a n i m a l s or p l a n t s .
W a l k or u s e o t h e r n o n - p o l l u t i n g f o r m s of t r a n s p o r t w h e n e v e r y o u c a n .
D o n ' t be a f r a i d t o a s k t h e h o l i d a y c o m p a n y a b o u t w h a t t h e y d o t h a t i s « e c o » . R e m e m b e r t h a t
«eco» i s v e r y f a s h i o n a b l e t o d a y a n d a l o t of h o l i d a y s t h a t are a d v e r t i s e d a s ' e c o t o u r i s m are n o t
much better than traditional tourism.
B u t b e f o r e y o u g e t t o o e n t h u s i a s t i c , t h i n k a b o u t h o w y o u are g o i n g t o g e t t o y o u r d r e a m «eco»
p a r a d i s e . F l y i n g i s o n e of t h e b i g g e s t m a n - m a d e s o u r c e s of c a r b o n d i o x i d e i n t h e a t m o s p h e r e .
Friends of t h e E a r t h s a y t h a t o n e r e t u r n f l i g h t f r o m L o n d o n t o M i a m i p u t s as m u c h carbon dioxide
into the atmosphere as the average British car driver produces d u r i n g a year. So don't forget
t h a t y o u d o n ' t h a v e t o f l y t o e x o t i c l o c a t i o n s f o r y o u r «eco» h o l i d a y . T h e r e are p r o b a b l y p l a c e s
of n a t u r a l b e a u t y a n d i n t e r e s t i n y o u r o w n c o u n t r y t h a t y o u ' v e n e v e r v i s i t e d .
 A Be prepared.
В Don't waste resources.
C But what is ecotourism?
D H a v e respect for local culture.
E P r o v i d e an e x p e r i e n c e t h a t t o u r i s t s w a n t t o p a y f o r .
F L e t ' s look at a n e x a m p l e of an e c o t o u r .
G Choose your holiday carefully.
H Benefit the local people.

. T a s k 2 • — —
R e a d t h e text below. For q u e s t i o n s ( 6 — 1 0 ) c h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r (А, В, C or D). Write your a n s w e r s
on the separate answer sheet.
L a d y D i a n a S p e n c e r w a s b o r n i n 1 9 6 1 . S h e h a d a n o r m a l , q u i e t u p b r i n g i n g . It c o u l d n e v e r h a v e
p r e p a r e d h e r f o r t h e f a m e a n d g l a m o u r of b e i n g a B r i t i s h p r i n c e s s . W i t h i n a f e w y e a r s , s h e c h a n g e d
from being a shy teenager to the m o s t photographed person on the planet. S h e hit newspaper head­
l i n e s a r o u n d t h e w o r l d , b u t t h e b i g g e s t o n e w a s f o r h e r d e a t h at t h e a g e of 3 6 .
D i a n a w a s a k i n d e r g a r t e n t e a c h e r i n L o n d o n w h e n s h e c a u g h t t h e i n t e r e s t of P r i n c e C h a r l e s . S h e
w o n t h e h e a r t s of a n a t i o n w i t h h e r s h y s m i l e s a n d n a t u r a l b e a u t y . T h e w h o l e w o r l d w a t c h e d t h e f a i r y ­
t a l e r o y a l w e d d i n g i n 1 9 8 1 . A y e a r l a t e r , s h e g a v e b i r t h t o P r i n c e W i l l i a m , t h e f i r s t of h e r t w o s o n s .
Diana was n e r v o u s at first i n public, but soon she developed a c h a r m i n g manner. She took a strong
i n t e r e s t i n m a n y c h a r i t i e s a n d i m p o r t a n t c a u s e s . S h e h i g h l i g h t e d t h e s u f f e r i n g s of t h e h o m e l e s s a n d
A I D S v i c t i m s . S h e a l s o c a m p a i g n e d f o r t h e a b o l i t i o n of l a n d m i n e s a n d m a n y c o u n t r i e s b a n n e d t h e m .
D i a n a a n d C h a r l e s d i v o r c e d i n 1 9 9 6 . S h e s t r u g g l e d w i t h d e p r e s s i o n a n d e a t i n g d i s o r d e r s for m a n y
y e a r s a f t e r . S h e f i n a l l y f o u n d h a p p i n e s s w i t h an E g y p t i a n f i l m p r o d u c e r , D o d i A l - F a y e d . T h e i r ro­
mance was closely followed by paparazzi, w h i c h led to the fatal car crash t h a t killed her in Paris in
1 9 9 7 . A t h e r f u n e r a l , B r i t i s h P r i m e M i n i s t e r T o n y B l a i r c a l l e d h e r t h e « P e o p l e ' s P r i n c e s s * . To m a n y ,
s h e w a s s i m p l y t h e « Q u e e n of H e a r t s * .

6 W h a t is the best title for this text?

A British royal family.
В T h e l i f e of a p r i n c e s s .
C Diana and Charles: unhappy love story.
D Profile: Lady Diana.

7 Lady Diana Spencer

A prepared for being a princess from an early age.
В w a s brought up as an ordinary child.
C w a s an a c t i v e t e e n a g e r .
D liked being photographed.

8 W h e r e did Diana work before becoming a princess?

A In a nursery school.
В In a secondary school.
C In a h i g h s c h o o l .
D A t t h e U n i v e r s i t y of L o n d o n .

9 According to the text, Diana was interested in

A charity.
В politics.
C international activity.
D medicine.
10 They say Diana felt after the divorce.
A rather calm and quiet
В disappointed
C depressed
D free and happy

_ _ __ .—. T a s k з .— , _
Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (11 — 15). There are three choices you.do not need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
QUIRKY EVENTS IN BRITAIN

(11) Bog S n o r k e l l i n g , L l a n w r t y d W e l l s , W a l e s
Each contestant i s required to 'swim' 2 lengths ( 1 2 0 yards) of a m u r k y peat bog using a non-
recognized s w i m m i n g t e c h n i q u e in order t o finish first. N o w f a m o u s worldwide, t h i s wacky race
has spawned mountain bike and triathlon versions.

(12) Wife C a r r y i n g , H e r e f o r d R a c e c o u r s e
The w i f e carrying c o m p e t i t i o n is t h e climax of t h e racecourse's N o v e m b e r Beer and Cider Race-
day. The g a m e i s t h o u g h t to have originated as a joke based on a practice where y o u n g m e n
publicly carried off t h e w o m e n t h e y wanted to marry. These days t h e victors receive their o w n
weight in beer.

(13) W o r l d S t i n g i n g N e t t l e E a t i n g C h a m p i o n s h i p , M a r s h w o o d , D o r s e t
E v e r y J u n e a p u b f u l of b r a v e c o n t e s t a n t s r a c e t o s e e w h o c a n e a t t h e m o s t s t i n g i n g n e t t l e s i n a n
hour. The contest was born when 2 farmers argued over who had the longest stingers. A third
m a n produced a longer nettle and rashly offered to eat it if longer could be found. W h e n t h e
inevitable happened he kept his word and history w a s made. Stinging nettles have been used in
British cookery for h u n d r e d s of years, b u t here t h e y are i n g e s t e d r a w w i t h their s t i n g s intact.

(14) W o r l d P o o h S t i c k s C h a m p i o n s h i p s , O x f o r d s h i r e
Pooh S t i c k s , t h e g a m e i n w h i c h c o n t e s t a n t s drop sticks f r o m a bridge and rush t o t h e other side
to see whose stick emerges first, is a typically British pastime. Invented by Winnie the Pooh, as
written by A . A . Milne, i t ' s beloved by thousands across Britain and n o w a world championship
honours the phenomenon.

(15) M a l d o n M u d R a c e , E s s e x
J o i n 2 5 0 competitors i n this m a d r u n through.the smelly, ink-black m u d of t h e Blackwater Es­
tuary i n Essex. E n t r a n t s are advised to tape their shoes to their feet and, i n January, when the
r a c e t a k e s p l a c e , t e m p e r a t u r e s are f r e e z i n g . N o t f o r t h e f a i n t - h e a r t e d , t h e n , b u t l o t s of f u n f o r
anyone watching.

T h i s event

A was originated by Winnie the Pooh.

В takes place i n w i n t e r and i s for courageous competitors.
C started when two farmers argued over who had the longest stingers.
D includes using fallen autumn chestnuts.
E i s a w e i r d r a c e n o w k n o w n all o v e r t h e w o r l d .
F appeared as a joke contest.
G takes place o n t h e second S u n d a y i n October.
H has been recognized since 1 2 6 6 .
 ' Task 4 :

Read the text below. Choose from (A—H) the one which best fits each s p a c e (16—21). There are two
choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

CHRISTMAS
T h e r e are l o t s o f C h r i s t m a s t r a d i t i o n s i n B r i t a i n . For e x a m p l e . . .
1) L o n d o n ' s C h r i s t m a s d e c o r a t i o n s .
E v e r y y e a r t h e p e o p l e of N o r w a y g i v e t h e c i t y of L o n d o n a p r e s e n t . I t ' s a b i g C h r i s t m a s t r e e a n d i t
s t a n d s i n T r a f a l g a r S q u a r e . A l s o i n c e n t r a l L o n d o n , (16) always have beautiful decorations
at C h r i s t m a s . T h o u s a n d s of p e o p l e c o m e t o look a t t h e m .
2) C a r d s , t r e e s a n d d e c o r a t i o n s .
I n 1846 t h e f i r s t C h r i s t m a s c a r d s a p p e a r e d i n B r i t a i n . T h a t w a s f i v e y e a r s a f t e r t h e f i r s t
C h r i s t m a s tree. Queen V i c t o r i a ' s husband, Prince Albert, b r o u g h t t h i s German tradition (he
w a s German) to B r i t a i n . H e and t h e Queen had a C h r i s t m a s tree at W i n d s o r Castle i n 1841.
(17) , nearly every house in Britain had one. Traditionally people decorate their trees on
Christmas Eve — that's December 24 . They take down the decorations twelve days later, on the
t h

Twelfth N i g h t (January 5 ). th

3) A n old t r a d i t i o n i s C h r i s t m a s m i s t l e t o e .
P e o p l e p u t a p i e c e of t h i s g r e e n p l a n t w i t h i t s w h i t e b e r r i e s (18) . Mistletoe brings good
luck, people say. A l s o , at Christmas people kiss each other under the mistletoe.
4) Christmas^carols.
B e f o r e C h r i s t m a s , g r o u p s of s i n g e r s (19) . They collect m o n e y and s i n g traditional Christ­
m a s s o n g s or c a r o l s . T h e r e ' r e a l o t o f v e r y p o p u l a r B r i t i s h C h r i s t m a s c a r o l s . T h r e e m o s t f a m o u s o n e s
are: Good King Wenceslas, The Holly and the Ivy a n d We, Three Kings.
5) C h r i s t m a s D a y .
A t r a d i t i o n a l f e a t u r e of C h r i s t m a s a f t e r n o o n i s t h e Q u e e n ' s C h r i s t m a s m e s s a g e . A t t h r e e o'clock
i n t h e a f t e r n o o n , t h e Q u e e n g i v e s h e r C h r i s t m a s m e s s a g e t o t h e n a t i o n (20) .
The Queen's message is also broadcast throughout the British Commonwealth. The first televised
b r o a d c a s t of t h e Q u e e n ' s C h r i s t m a s m e s s a g e w a s i n 1957, b u t i t i s a t r a d i t i o n b e g u n o n t h e r a d i o i n
1932 b y G e o r g e V . T h e Q u e e n h a s m a d e a C h r i s t m a s b r o a d c a s t t o t h e C o m m o n w e a l t h e v e r y y e a r of
h e r r e i g n (21) , w h e n a r e p e a t of t h e f i l m « R o y a l F a m i l y * w a s s h o w n a n d a w r i t t e n m e s s a g e
from the Queen issued.
A over the door
В Oxford Street and R e g e n t Street
C go from house to house
D the day before Christmas
E go to midnight mass
F e x c e p t 1969
G A few years after
H which is broadcast on radio and television

Task 5 ™ — —
Read the text below. For questions (22—33) choose the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
T w o t h o u s a n d y e a r s (22) t h e R o m a n s t r i e d t o t u r n t h i s d e s e r t i n t o an o a s i s , a p l a c e f u l l of
rivers and lakes and canals. The Romans wanted to build big white temples and big houses under the
hot s u n . They w a n t e d to t u r n t h i s desert into a n e w paradise, full of trees and flowers and fields. They
p l a n n e d t o (23) their ships across the desert. But they failed. The water in the aqueducts
d r i e d u p . T h e r e i s n o t h i n g (24) of t h e R o m a n c a n a l s .
 In 1777 a P o r t u g u e s e (25) c a l l e d E m a n u e l de M e l o P i m e n t o c a m e t o t h i s d e s e r t w i t h a p l a n
t o t u r n i t i n t o a n o a s i s . A t t h a t t i m e i n h i s t o r y , e v e r y b o d y w a s v e r y e x c i t e d b y n e w (26) in
s c i e n c e a n d t e c h n o l o g y a n d e n g i n e e r i n g . E m a n u e l de M e l o P i m e n t o w a s a m a n of h i s t i m e s , o n e of t h e
n e w s c i e n t i s t - p h i l o s o p h e r - e n g i n e e r s w h o b e l i e v e d t h a t all t h e p r o b l e m s of p e o p l e i n t h e w o r l d could be
(27) b y s c i e n c e a n d p h i l o s o p h y . H e w a n t e d t o b u i l d a (28) new city here, he want­
ed t o b u i l d a c o m p l e t e l y n e w c o u n t r y . H e w a n t e d t o call i t « P i m e n t i a » , n a m e d after himself, of
(29) .
E m a n u e l d e M e l o P i m e n t o h a d (30) money because m a n y rich people in Portugal and
Spain gave h i m m o n e y to go around the world and explore. Those rich people invested in Emanuel
d e M e l o P i m e n t o ' s (31) of e x p l o r a t i o n a n d d i s c o v e r y . E m a n u e l de M e l o P i m e n t o t o o k t h e i r
m o n e y a n d u s e d i t n o t t o t r y a n d c h a n g e t h e s u r f a c e of t h e l a n d , l i k e t h e R o m a n s , b u t t o c h a n g e w h a t
i s u n d e r t h e s u r f a c e of t h e d e s e r t .
E m a n u e l de M e l o P i m e n t o w a n t e d t o d i g c a n a l s u n d e r t h e d e s e r t , t o m a k e b i g (32) rivers
where the water would not dry up under the heat of the sun.
H e f a i l e d , of c o u r s e . B u t s o m e of h i s p l a n s s t i l l (33) . T h e y are v e r y b e a u t i f u l w o r k s of art.
B u t n o n e of h i s p l a n s w a s e v e r c o m p l e t e d — t h e y n e e d e d t o o m u c h m o n e y , m o r e m o n e y t h a n e v e n t h e
r i c h people i n P o r t u g a l a n d S p a i n g a v e to E m a n u e l de Melo P i m e n t o . I n s t e a d , E m a n u e l de Melo P i m e n t o
s p e n t all t h e m o n e y o n b u i l d i n g b e a u t i f u l b u i l d i n g s w h e r e h e c o u l d l i v e a n d d r e a m of h i s n e w c i t y .

A В C D
22 after before ago since
23 ride drive push sail
24 left stayed stand kept
25 adventure travelling tourist explorer
26 developing ventures discoveries devices
27 solved fixed made created
28 completely quiet finally entire
29 certain sure right course
30 many a lot of few crowds of
31 excursions tours journeys visits
32 soil ground overground underground
33 survive carry on alive perish

— — _ _ Task 6 — —
R e a d t h e t e x t s b e l o w . For q u e s t i o n s (34—45) c h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r (А, В, C or D). Write your
answers o n t h e separate answer sheet.
FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
T h e (34) n u r s e of all t i m e m u s t be F l o r e n c e N i g h t i n g a l e , w h o (35) famous for
h e r w o r k d u r i n g t h e C r i m e a n W a r i n t h e m i d d l e of t h e n i n e t e e n t h c e n t u r y .
F l o r e n c e N i g h t i n g a l e w a s b o r n i n 1805 i n K i n g s t o n , J a m a i c a . H e r m o t h e r w a s J a m a i c a n a n d h e r
f a t h e r w a s S c o t t i s h . H e r m o t h e r (36) a boarding house for invalid soldiers and was also
an expert in herbal remedies w h i c h she used to treat the soldiers. W h e n her m o t h e r died, Florence
t o o k o v e r t h e b o a r d i n g h o u s e a n d t h e c a r e of t h e s i c k s o l d i e r s . (37) 1850 t h e r e w a s a s e r i o u s
o u t b r e a k of c h o l e r a i n J a m a i c a . F l o r e n c e w o r k e d n i g h t a n d d a y t o h e l p t h e v i c t i m s a n d c r e a t e d h e r
o w n h e r b a l m e d i c i n e f o r t h e d i s e a s e . S h e a l s o b e l i e v e d t h a t c l e a n c o n d i t i o n s , f r e s h air a n d g o o d f o o d
(38) i m p o r t a n t i n (39) the disease, ideas which most doctors t h o u g h t were ridicu­
l o u s . D u r i n g t h e w a r , s h e s a v e d t h e l i v e s of t h o u s a n d s of p e o p l e .
 А В C D
34 well-knowner well-knownest more well-known most well-known
35 become became has become had become
36 run ran running has run
37 At On With In
38 are were be been
39 fight fought fighting fighted

H O W TO GET TO E N G L A N D
London is a global t r a n s p o r t h u b , so you can (40) fly t o E n g l a n d from j u s t about any­
w h e r e i n t h e world. I n r e c e n t y e a r s , t h e massive g r o w t h of b u d g e t airlines (41) the number
of r o u t e s — and reduced t h e fares — between E n g l a n d and o t h e r c o u n t r i e s i n E u r o p e .
Y o u r o t h e r m a i n option for t r a v e l between E n g l a n d and m a i n l a n d E u r o p e is f e r r y , (42)
port-to-port or combined w i t h a long-distance b u s t r i p — t h i s type of t r a v e l h a s less environmental
i m p a c t t h a n (43) , a l t h o u g h j o u r n e y s can be long and financial s a v i n g s n o t h u g e compared
w i t h b u d g e t a i r f a r e s . I n t e r n a t i o n a l t r a i n s are m u c h more comfortable, a n d a n o t h e r «green» option;
t h e Channel Tunnel allows d i r e c t r a i l services between E n g l a n d , F r a n c e a n d Belgium, w i t h onward
connections (44) many other European destinations.
G e t t i n g from E n g l a n d to Scotland a n d W a l e s is easy. The b u s and t r a i n s y s t e m s are fully inte­
g r a t e d and in m o s t cases you w o n ' t even know you have (45) t h e b o r d e r . P a s s p o r t s are n o t
r e q u i r e d — a l t h o u g h some Scots and W e l s h may t h i n k they should be!

A в c D
40 easy easily ease easier
41 increasing has increased had increased were increased
42 either both neither or
43 fly flying flown flew
44 on to in under
45 cross crosses crossed crossing
 Writing
46 I m a g i n e t h a t y o u r s c h o o l m a g a z i n e h a s a s k e d i t s r e a d e r s t o s u b m i t a r t i c l e s e n t i t l e d « W h a t K i n d
of L i f e Can a C h i l d B o r n i n t h e Y e a r 2 0 5 0 E x p e c t ? * W r i t e y o u r a r t i c l e ( a t l e a s t 1 0 0 w o r d s ) u s -
i n g t h e p l a n b e l o w . D o n o t f o r g e t t o u s e a p p r o p r i a t e l a n g u a g e t o e x p r e s s y o u r o p i n i o n (I think, I
believe, in my opinion, furthermore, moreover, e t c . ) . T h e b e g i n n i n g a n d e n d i n g h a v e b e e n w r i t t e n
for you.

PLAN
Introduction
Para 1: How would a 17-year-old boy / girl feel if he/she found himself / herself in the year 2067?
M a i n body
Para 2: S t a t e p o s i t i v e p r e d i c t i o n s a n d r e a s o n s ( e . g . health — longer lives; space travel improve —
travel to Venus on holidays, etc.).
Para 3: S t a t e n e g a t i v e p r e d i c t i o n s a n d r e a s o n s ( e . g. food — in pills, relationship — fewer friends,
etc.).
Conclusion
Para 4: In general, whatever the future brings, I believe that people's life will be quite different
from the style of life we have in our time.
 Reading * 4

. _ — Task 1 —— •
Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (1—5). There are three choices you do not need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
H O W TO A T T R A C T T H E J O B O F Y O U R D R E A M
U s e t h e s e s i m p l e s t r a t e g i e s f o r a t t r a c t i n g y o u r d r e a m job:

(1)
D o y o u k n o w of s o m e o n e w h o i s d o i n g w h a t y o u d r e a m o f ? A r e t h e r e a n y r o l e m o d e l s , m e n t o r s , o r
c o a c h e s y o u c a n l e a r n f r o m ? S t u d y w h a t o t h e r s h a v e d o n e a n d a s k t h e m q u e s t i o n s if y o u h a v e t h e
opportunity. N o w that you already know what you want, you just need to figure out exactly how
t o g e t it!

(2)
W h i l e y o u ' r e k e e p i n g y o u r e y e o n t h e p r i z e , y o u m i g h t b e t a k i n g t o o m u c h i n a t o n c e . Y o u also m a y
be t r y i n g t o a c c o m p l i s h t o o m u c h t o o f a s t . D i v i d e y o u r d r e a m g o a l i n t o s m a l l e r m i n i - g o a l s . Once
y o u h a v e a s i m p l i f i e d p l a n i n p l a c e , a t t a c k e a c h m i n i - g o a l w i t h y o u r f u l l a t t e n t i o n a n d y o u ' l l be
c h i p p i n g a w a y s l o w l y , b u t s u r e l y t o w a r d s y o u r d r e a m goal!

(3)
If y o u w o r k o n y o u r i n t e r a c t i o n a n d p e o p l e s k i l l s , y o u c a n w o r k t o w a r d n e a r l y a n y job t h a t y o u
want. This is because you'll get your points across clearly and become well respected.

(4)
It a l w a y s h e l p s if y o u ' r e s e e n a s t h e t y p e of p e r s o n t h a t w i l l g o t h e e x t r a m i l e . If t h e r e ' s a s p e c i f i c
job t h a t y o u ' r e i n t e r v i e w i n g f o r , s t u d y t h e o b j e c t i v e s a n d d u t i e s of t h e job c a r e f u l l y . M a k e s u r e
y o u h a v e t h e q u a l i t i e s a n d s k i l l s e t t h e y ' r e l o o k i n g f o r , a n d if y o u d o n ' t , s h o w t h a t y o u ' r e w i l l i n g
to take the initiative to acquire them.

(5)
In o r d e r t o m a k e y o u r d r e a m j o b a r e a l i t y , r e a l i z e t h a t t h i s g o a l t a k e s t i m e , r e s e a r c h , g u i d a n c e ,
m o n e y , a n d a w h o l e l o t o f e f f o r t s . C h a n c e s are t h a t y o u r d r e a m j o b i s n ' t a n e n t r y - l e v e l p o s i t i o n
a t y o u r local M c D o n a l d ' s , b u t p e r h a p s y o u ' l l w a n t t o o w n a r e s t a u r a n t s o m e d a y . A f t e r all, n o
restaurant opened overnight!
So what can y o u do today to get started on your goal? Perhaps you can begin your research, get
a n e c e s s a r y e d u c a t i o n , l o c a t e a m e n t o r , s t a r t a s a v i n g s a c c o u n t , or d o a n y n u m b e r of o t h e r s i m p l e
tasks that will help y o u to build m o m e n t u m .
Use these strategies whenever possible to help you attract your dream job. W i t h consistent action
and effort, t h e only w a y t o go is up!

A Make Yourself Stand Out

В B r e a k It D o w n
C Work on Communication
D Get Your Foot into the Door
E Make the R i g h t Choice
F Take A c t i o n
G Learn by Example
H Your Dreams Take Time
 , _ Task 2 •
Read the text below. For questions (6—10) c h o o s e the correct answer (A, B, Cor D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
THE ORSAY MUSEUM AND IMPRESSIONISM
H o u s e d i n t h e f o r m e r O r s a y r a i l w a y s t a t i o n , t h e O r s a y M u s e u m i s t h e i m p r e s s i o n i s t m u s e u m of
P a r i s . T h e b e a u t i f u l «Gare d ' O r s a y » w a s o n e o f P a r i s m a i n s t a t i o n s w h i c h w a s b u i l t i n 1900.
Located across t h e Louvre M u s e u m on the Seine river left bank, t h e station has been spectacularly
r e n o v a t e d f r o m 1977 t o 1986 t o h o s t t h e O r s a y M u s e u m c o l l e c t i o n s .
T h e n a t i o n a l m u s e u m of t h e M u s e e d ' O r s a y o p e n e d t o t h e p u b l i c o n 9 D e c e m b e r 1986 t o s h o w t h e
g r e a t d i v e r s i t y of a r t i s t i c c r e a t i o n i n t h e w e s t e r n w o r l d b e t w e e n 1848 a n d 1914. It w a s f o r m e d w i t h
the national collections coming mainly from three establishments:
— f r o m t h e L o u v r e M u s e u m , f o r t h e w o r k s of a r t i s t s b o r n a f t e r 1820 or c o m i n g t o t h e f o r e d u r i n g
the Second Republic;
— f r o m t h e M u s e e d u J e u d e P a u m e , w h i c h s i n c e 1947 h a d b e e n d e v o t e d t o I m p r e s s i o n i s m ;
— a n d l a s t l y f r o m t h e N a t i o n a l M u s e u m of M o d e r n A r t , w h i c h , w h e n i t m o v e d i n 1976 t o t h e Cen­
t r e G e o r g e s P o m p i d o u , o n l y k e p t w o r k s of a r t i s t s b o r n a f t e r 1870.
B u t each artistic discipline represented in the Musee d'Orsay collections has i t s own history,
w h i c h you can discover u s i n g t h i s m e n u .
T h e Orsay M u s e u m , a m u s t f o r a r t l o v e r s , i s k n o w n w o r l d w i d e f o r i t s f a b u l o u s i m p r e s s i o n i s t p a i n t ­
i n g s . The «Impressionism* w a s a French painting school in t h e second half of t h e 19 century. th

The impressionists included A u g u s t e Renoir, Claude Monet, Edgar Manet and Theo Van Gogh.
T h e y p a i n t e d o r d i n a r y l i f e a n d p e o p l e i n t h e o p e n air. T h e y t o t a l l y r e j e c t e d t h e t r a d i t i o n of h i s t o r i ­
c a l a n d m y t h o l o g i c a l s u b j e c t s a n d u s e d l i g h t c o l o u r s . A b o v e all, t h e y a r e f a m o u s f o r h a v i n g d e p a r t e d
f r o m t h e t r a d i t i o n of r e p r o d u c i n g t h e r e a l w o r l d . T h e y u s e d c o l o u r s p o t s a n d s t r o k e s i n s t e a d t o s u g ­
g e s t t h e i r i m p r e s s i o n of t h e r e a l w o r l d . T h i s i m p r e s s i o n i s o n l y p e r c e i v a b l e at a d i s t a n c e f r o m t h e i r
paintings.
T h e I m p r e s s i o n i s t p a i n t i n g s are n o w w i d e l y a c c l a i m e d as s o m e of t h e b e s t o n e s i n a r t h i s t o r y .

6 B e f o r e i t h o s t e d t h e O r s a y M u s e u m c o l l e c t i o n s , t h e o r i g i n a l d ' O r s a y b u i l d i n g u s e d t o be
A an impressionist's studio.
В a station.
C a railway carriage.
D a museum.

7 From the text we can tell

A who founded the Orsay M u s e u m .
В what museums its collections came from.
C how long it takes to get there from the Louvre M u s e u m .
D w h e n t h e w o r k i n g h o u r s of t h e m u s e u m a r e .

8 W h a t does the term «Impressionism* denote?

A A n art school.
В All the French painters.
C 19 century France.
th

D A s t y l e of p a i n t i n g .

9 The impressionists did NOT

A paint ordinary life and people.
В work in t h e open air.
C follow the tradition to depict historical and mythological subjects.
D use light colours.
10 T h e i m p r e s s i o n i s t s u s e d c o l o u r s p o t s a n d s t r o k e s
A f o r lack of t r a d i t i o n a l t e c h n i q u e s .
В as t h e y w a n t e d t o d e p i c t o b j e c t s a s a c c u r a t e a n d p r e c i s e a s p o s s i b l e .
C in order to reflect their emotions and feelings.
D because they didn't use pencils.

— - Task 3 — • — — •—
Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (11 — 15). There are three choices you do not need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
(11) T h e K n i g h t s b r i d g e L o u n g e
The Knightsbridge Lounge i s a g l a m o r o u s r e s t a u r a n t l o c a t e d i n s i d e t h e u p m a r k e t S h e r a t o n P a r k
T o w e r H o t e l , w h e r e a f t e r n o o n t e a i s t h e m a i n a t t r a c t i o n . B a s e d i n o n e of L o n d o n ' s m o s t e x c l u s i v e
a r e a s , The Knightsbridge Lounge i s a d e c a d e n t v e n u e , d e c o r a t e d i n s t u n n i n g y e l l o w s a n d g o l d s
w i t h h u g e candelabra and cosy leather sofas and is a l u x u r i o u s place to s p e n d an afternoon partak­
i n g of a v e r y B r i t i s h t r a d i t i o n , t h e a f t e r n o o n t e a .

(12) Le G r a n d F o o d i n g
Le Grand Fooding c o m b i n e s c o n t e m p o r a r y d e s i g n & u r b a n c h i c w i t h c l a s s i c c o l o u r s , i m a g i n a t i v e
l i g h t i n g a n d e x q u i s i t e a r t w o r k t o d r a m a t i c e f f e c t w i t h o u t l o s i n g a s e n s e of w a r m t h & i n t i m a c y .
Le Grand Fooding o f f e r s i n n o v a t i v e c u i s i n e t h a t c o m b i n e s f l a v o u r s a n d t e c h n i q u e s f r o m A s i a ,
F r a n c e a n d t h e M e d i t e r r a n e a n , all s k i l l f u l l y p r e p a r e d b y t h e r e s t a u r a n t ' s h e a d chef, T o m T h o m -
s e n . T h e c o m b i n a t i o n of s u m p t u o u s s u r r o u n d i n g s , e x p e r t l y p r e p a r e d f o o d a n d o u t s t a n d i n g s e r v ­
i c e e n s u r e s t h a t Le Grand Fooding w i l l l e a v e a l a s t i n g i m p r e s s i o n & w e ' d a d v i s e y o u n o t t o l e a v e
Le Grand Fooding o f f y o u r m u s t - v i s i t l i s t .

(13) О F a d o R e s t a u r a n t
О Fado R e s t a u r a n t i n K n i g h t s b r i d g e i s t h e o l d e s t P o r t u g u e s e r e s t a u r a n t i n L o n d o n , w h e r e f i r s t -
class Portuguese cuisine is served in attractive surroundings. The best Fado singers in London
e n t e r t a i n a m i x e d c r o w d of P o r t u g u e s e e x p a t s , l o c a l s a n d t o u r i s t s a n d t h e a t m o s p h e r e i s f r i e n d l y
and fun. There really is no need to v i s i t Portugal w h e n y o u have this authentic restaurant right
on your own doorstep.

(14) M o n t p e l i a n o
If y o u ' r e l o o k i n g f o r a r o m a n t i c L o n d o n r e s t a u r a n t f o r d i n n e r , t h e g r o u n d f l o o r of Montpeliano
i s an a b s o l u t e m u s t . O p e n e d i n 1 9 7 4 b y r e s t a u r a t e u r A n t o n i o T r a p a n i , Montpeliano has achieved
a l a n d m a r k s t a t u s i n K n i g h t s b r i d g e a s t h e p l a c e t o g o for f o r m a l I t a l i a n c o o k i n g . S i g n a t u r e d i s h e s
a t Montpeliano include green asparagus with melted parmesan and butter, oven-baked aubergines
w i t h t o m a t o , mozzarella and P a r m e s a n , Calamari fritti, chicken & s p i n a c h risotto and the best
chocolate profiteroles in London.

(15) Mimosa
Step into this stylish eatery and you'll find a modern sophisticated British restaurant with cream
leather seating and a buzzy atmosphere. Signature dishes include potted brown shrimps with
crispy toast, calves liver and sweet cured bacon, m a s h and shallot gravy and sticky date pudding
w i t h b u t t e r s c o t c h s a u c e . W i t h i t s c o c k t a i l s w h e t h e r a f t e r a h a r d - d a y ' s w o r k or s h o p p i n g , l u n c h
w i t h f r i e n d s or a s o p h i s t i c a t e d e v e n i n g m e a l , M i m o s a i s a r e s t a u r a n t w i t h t h e p e r f e c t a t m o s p h e r e
f o r all o c c a s i o n s .

I n t h i s r e s t a u r a n t you c a n
A try simple but perfectly executed Italian classics.
В c o m e f o r t h e i n n o v a t i v e c u i s i n e t h a t c o m b i n e s f l a v o u r s a n d t e c h n i q u e s f r o m A s i a , F r a n c e and
the Mediterranean.
C f i n d a p e r f e c t a t m o s p h e r e f o r all o c c a s i o n s .
 D i n d u l g e t h e p a s t i m e of t h e t r a d i t i o n a l a f t e r n o o n t e a .
E find a stylish new addition to the Knightsbridge dining scene.
F enjoy traditional P o r t u g u e s e food and music.
G have dinner in a private dining room.
H have a business meeting.

_ — Task 4 —• ~
R e a d t h e text b e l o w . C h o o s e from (A—H) t h e o n e w h i c h b e s t fits e a c h s p a c e ( 1 6 — 2 1 ) . There are t w o
c h o i c e s y o u d o not n e e d t o u s e . Write your a n s w e r s o n t h e s e p a r a t e a n s w e r s h e e t .
I v y B e a n i s p e r h a p s t h e o l d e s t u s e r of s o c i a l n e t w o r k i n g s i t e s . S h e i s o f f i c i a l l y t h e o l d e s t p e r s o n o n
F a c e b o o k a n d (16) . S h e h a s b e c o m e f a m o u s f o r h e r T w i t t e r s i t e I v y B e a n l 0 4 . On S e p t e m b e r
t h e 8 t h , 2 0 0 9 , h e r 1 0 4 t h b i r t h d a y , I v y h a d 3 8 , 6 7 0 f o l l o w e r s . T h i s m a k e s h e r o n e of t h e m o s t f o l l o w e d
p e o p l e i n c y b e r s p a c e ! S h e s a i d s h e p r e f e r r e d T w i t t e r t o F a c e b o o k (17) . In o n e of h e r b i r t h ­
d a y p o s t s , s h e w r o t e : «I h a v e j u s t o p e n e d all m y c a r d s . I t ' s t a k e n m e 2 0 m i n u t e s * . S h e u s u a l l y w r i t e s
a b o u t t h i n g s l i k e g e t t i n g h e r h a i r d o n e , w a t c h i n g h e r f a v o u r i t e TV s h o w s o r e a t i n g f i s h a n d c h i p s .
The world's media covered Ivy's birthday. C N N and Sky N e w s both wrote stories (18) .
I v y B e a n w a s b o r n i n B r a d f o r d , a t o w n i n t h e n o r t h of E n g l a n d , i n 1 9 0 5 . S h e w a s o n e of e i g h t c h i l ­
dren. She has seen h u g e c h a n g e s in t e c h n o l o g y in her lifetime. H e r first job w a s w o r k i n g in a cotton
m i l l . T h e b i g g e s t i n n o v a t i o n i n h e r l i f e t h e n w a s t h e s t a r t of B r i t a i n ' s t e l e p h o n e n e t w o r k i n 1 9 1 2 . T h e
f i r s t c o m p u t e r s a r r i v e d i n t h e w o r l d (19) . She would have to wait several decades to actually
u s e o n e . B e f o r e s h e f o u n d d i g i t a l c o m m u n i c a t i o n , I v y w o n a g o l d m e d a l i n t h e F r i s b e e (20) .
She also likes bowling o n her N i n t e n d o W i i . Ms Bean said being f a m o u s h a s n ' t c h a n g e d her, although
s h e j o k e d (21) .
A probably t h e oldest tweeter
В t h a t h e r f r i e n d s w e r e j e a l o u s of h e r w o r l d w i d e p o p u l a r i t y
C because it was easier to update
D about her new-found f a m e
E whether to shut down social media sites
F their site was useful to the police
G when Ivy hit half a century
H throwing event at the Bradford Over-7 5 Olympics

Task 5 • — —
R e a d t h e text below. For q u e s t i o n s ( 2 2 — 3 3 ) c h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r (А, В, C or D). Write your a n s w e r s
on the separate answer sheet.

EDINBURGH FESTIVALS
S u m m e r i n E d i n b u r g h , S c o t l a n d ' s c a p i t a l c i t y , i s t h e (22) for f e s t i v a l s . In A u g u s t and
S e p t e m b e r t h e r e are s e v e r a l d i f f e r e n t f e s t i v a l s w h i c h (23) place there.
The original Edinburgh International Festival started i n 1 9 4 7 , and offers visitors a rich
(24) of c l a s s i c a l m u s i c , t h e a t r e , o p e r a a n d d a n c e . T h e s a m e y e a r t h a t t h e o f f i c i a l f e s t i v a l be­
g a n , a h a n d f u l of t h e a t r i c a l c o m p a n i e s g a t e c r a s h e d t h e f e s t i v a l a n d o r g a n i s e d t h e i r o w n (25) ,
which grew into what is now called the Fringe Festival.
T h e t e r m « f r i n g e * m e a n s s o m e t h i n g o n t h e o u t s i d e of t h e m a i n e v e n t , b u t o v e r t h e y e a r s , t h e Ed­
i n b u r g h F r i n g e F e s t i v a l h a s b e c o m e t h e l a r g e s t of all t h e f e s t i v a l s , a n d (26) the largest arts
festival in the world! The Fringe f e a t u r e s performers and acts w h i c h are less traditional and more
u n c o n v e n t i o n a l t h a n t h o s e i n t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l F e s t i v a l , a n d i n c l u d e s a l o t of c o m e d y s h o w s , m u s i c
a n d c h i l d r e n ' s (27) . T h e E d i n b u r g h F r i n g e i s s e e n a s a n i m p o r t a n t p l a c e f o r p r o m i s i n g co­
medians to perform at.
 A t t h e s a m e t i m e i n E d i n b u r g h t h e r e are v a r i o u s (28) f e s t i v a l s , s u c h as t h e J a z z a n d
Blues festival, t h e Book Festival, the Film Festival, and even an Internet Festival! There is also
a m u l t i c u l t u r a l f e s t i v a l c a l l e d M e l a , w h i c h c e l e b r a t e s t h e d i v e r s i t y of p e o p l e l i v i n g i n E d i n b u r g h , i n
p a r t i c u l a r p e o p l e w i t h S o u t h A s i a n (29) .
E d i n b u r g h C a s t l e i s t h e s i t e of o n e of t h e m o s t (30) events — The Military Tattoo.
A m i l i t a r y t a t t o o h a s (31) t o d o w i t h a t a t t o o o n y o u r s k i n ! It m e a n s a p e r f o r m a n c e of m i l i ­
t a r y m u s i c , f o r e x a m p l e , b y m a r c h i n g b a n d s . In S c o t l a n d , t h e m i l i t a r y t a t t o o t r a d i t i o n a l l y i n c l u d e s
bagpipes and d r u m s . The display can also feature dancers, horses and motorbikes!
(32) y o u h a v e t o p a y t o a t t e n d m o s t of t h e e v e n t s a t t h e v a r i o u s f e s t i v a l s , t h e r e are s e v ­
eral g r o u p s w h o o r g a n i s e l a r g e n u m b e r s of f r e e e v e n t s a s (33) .

A В C D
22 tense time month place
23 bring get give take
24 course programme series curriculum
25 event even ever evening
26 indeed real very genuine
27 allowance entertainment safety welfare
28 others another other's other
29 source starting point origins basic
30 spectral* spectacle spectacular spectacled
31 anything everything something nothing
32 In order Though Thus Likely
33 well good bad worse

R e a d t h e text b e l o w . For q u e s t i o n s ( 3 4 — 4 5 ) c h o o s e t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r (А, В, C or D). Write your a n s w e r s

on t h e s e p a r a t e a n s w e r s h e e t .
BEING OPTIMISTIC CAN LOWER S T R E S S A N D A N X I E T Y
S c i e n t i s t s (34) t h a t people w h o are too optimistic about the f u t u r e m a y have «faulty*
b r a i n s . T h e i r s t u d y , (35) t h e j o u r n a l Nature Neuroscience, concluded that the reason many
p e o p l e a l w a y s s e e l i g h t a t t h e e n d of t h e t u n n e l m a y be (36) a n i n a b i l i t y t o s e n s i b l y deal w i t h
r i s k . T h e y e v e n s a y t h i s o v e r - o p t i m i s m c o u l d h a v e b e e n a c a u s e of t h e 2 0 0 8 g l o b a l f i n a n c i a l c r i s i s ,
w i t h b a n k e r s f a i l i n g (37) or s e e t h e r i s k i n e s s of t h e i r i n v e s t m e n t s . R e p o r t a u t h o r D r T a l i
S h a r o t of L o n d o n ' s U n i v e r s i t y C o l l e g e a n a l y z e d b r a i n s c a n s t o m e a s u r e t h e a c t i v i t y t a k i n g p l a c e i n
p a t i e n t s (38) were asked to think about their future. He f o u n d that negative predictions
(39) i n t h e m i n d s of o p t i m i s t s .
In t h e s t u d y , D r S h a r o t g a v e v o l u n t e e r s 8 0 d i f f e r e n t n e g a t i v e s i t u a t i o n s (40) unpleasant
t o d i s a s t r o u s . T h e s e i n c l u d e d g e t t i n g d i v o r c e d , h a v i n g y o u r car (41) and developing cancer.
M a n y of t h e v o l u n t e e r s u n d e r e s t i m a t e d t h e c h a n c e s of t h e s e s i t u a t i o n s h a p p e n i n g t o t h e m . D r S h a r o t
s a i d : « T h e m o r e o p t i m i s t i c w e a r e , t h e (42) l i k e l y w e are t o be (43) by negative in­
formation about the f u t u r e * . He added: «'Smoking kills' messages don't work as people think their
c h a n c e s of c a n c e r a r e l o w . T h e d i v o r c e r a t e i s 5 0 % , b u t p e o p l e d o n ' t t h i n k ( 4 4 ) the same
f o r t h e m * . H e a l s o s a i d : «(45) t h e g l a s s as h a l f f u l l r a t h e r t h a n h a l f e m p t y c a n b e a p o s i t i v e
t h i n g . It c a n l o w e r s t r e s s a n d a n x i e t y a n d b e g o o d f o r o u r h e a l t h a n d w e l l - b e i n g * .
 А В C D
34 discovered have discovered has discovered have been discovered
35 in on at over
36 because of however for the reason since
37 accept accepting to accept to be accepted
38 who what where why
39 ignore ignored were ignored are ignored
40 ranging of ranging for ranging at ranging from
41 steal stole stealing stolen
42 less few fewer little
43 influence influenced influencing to influence
44 it's its its' it
45 See Seen Seeing Being seen
 •". " . ' ' Writing ШШШШШШШШіШШ
46 W r i t e a letter to a local TV c o m p a n y w i t h your s u g g e s t i o n s as to how to i m p r o v e the quality and
raise the standard of T V p r o g r a m m e s , u s i n g t h e plan below (at least 1 0 0 words).

PLAN
Introduction
Para 1: E x p l a i n w h y y o u h a v e d e c i d e d t o w r i t e a l e t t e r t o t h e local TV c o m p a n y .
M a i n body
Para 2: Point some positive working sides.
Para 3: Point some negative working sides.
Conclusion
Para 4: O f f e r y o u r s u g g e s t i o n s f o r i m p r o v i n g t h e q u a l i t y a n d r a i s i n g t h e s t a n d a r d of TV pro­
grammes.
 Reading
Task 1
Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to ( 1 — 5 ) . There are three choices you don't need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
I T ' S T I M E TO S T O P W O R R Y I N G A N D S T A R T L I V I N G
W o r r y i n g c a n be h e l p f u l w h e n i t e n c o u r a g e s y o u t o t a k e a c t i o n a n d s o l v e a p r o b l e m . B u t if y o u ' r e
p r e o c c u p i e d w i t h « w h a t i f s » a n d w o r s t - c a s e s c e n a r i o s , w o r r y i n g b e c o m e s a p r o b l e m of i t s o w n . U n r e ­
l e n t i n g d o u b t s a n d f e a r s are p a r a l y s i n g , n o t m o t i v a t i n g or p r o d u c t i v e . T h e y s a p y o u r e m o t i o n a l e n e r g y ,
s e n d y o u r a n x i e t y l e v e l s s o a r i n g , a n d i n t e r f e r e w i t h y o u r d a y - t o - d a y l i f e — all t h i s w i t h n o p o s i t i v e pay­
off! The g o o d n e w s i s t h a t c h r o n i c w o r r y i n g i s a m e n t a l h a b i t y o u c a n l e a r n h o w t o break. Y o u can t r a i n
y o u r b r a i n t o s t a y c a l m a n d c o l l e c t e d a n d t o look a t life f r o m a m o r e p o s i t i v e p e r s p e c t i v e .

(1) You can't change what happened yesterday. You can m a k e tomorrow better by living
w e l l t o d a y . S o c o n c e n t r a t e o n d o i n g y o u r b e s t t o d a y a n d p u t y e s t e r d a y o u t of y o u r m i n d . A s f o r
t o m o r r o w , t h i n k of o n l y t h e b e s t t h a t c a n h a p p e n .

(2) A s t u d y w a s m a d e of t h e k i n d s of t h i n g s p e o p l e w o r r y a b o u t . It s h o w e d t h a t 4 0 p e r c e n t
w e r e t h i n g s t h a t n e v e r c a m e a b o u t , 3 5 p e r c e n t w e r e t h i n g s t h a t c o u l d n ' t be c h a n g e d , 1 5 p e r c e n t
turned out better t h a n e x p e c t e d , 8 per cent were p e t t y , useless worries, and only 2 per cent were
justifiable worries.

(3) S o m e people, w h e n t h e y fly, w o r r y t h a t t h e plane will crash. The law of averages indicates
that it is not very likely to happen.

(4) D e l i b e r a t e l y m a k e t h e b e s t of e v e r y b a d s i t u a t i o n . It i s a p r o f i t a b l e w a y t o d e f e a t
w o r r y i n g . S o m e o n e h a s s a i d , «If l i f e h a n d s y o u a l e m o n , m a k e l e m o n a d e o u t of i t » .

(5) Instead cooperate w i t h y o u r habit. Schedule a certain a m o u n t of t i m e , s a y t w e n t y m i n u t e s ,

for worrying every day. Then spend t h a t t i m e alone worrying. W h e n y o u start to worry at any other time,
remind yourself t h a t y o u h a v e scheduled a t i m e for w o r r y i n g and s a v e y o u r w o r r y . A n d y o u will f i n d
y o u r scheduled w o r r y s e s s i o n s g e t t i n g shorter and shorter as y o u h a v e less and less t o worry about.
More likely is that w h e n u s i n g this technique you will simply forget your original worries — t h e y
will never have bothered you.
A C r o w d w o r r y o u t of y o u r m i n d b y k e e p i n g y o u r s e l f b u s y .
В Don't fuss about little things that don't really matter.
C If y o u are a h a b i t u a l w o r r i e r , d o n ' t f i g h t i t .
D R e m i n d y o u r s e l f of t h e v e r y h i g h p r i c e y o u c a n p a y f o r w o r r y i n g i n t e r m s of y o u r h e a l t h .
E Live one day at a time.
F U s e t h e l a w of a v e r a g e s t o o u t l a w y o u r w o r r i e s .
G Cooperate w i t h the inevitable.
H A f t e r c a r e f u l l y w e i g h i n g all t h e f a c t s , c o m e t o a d e c i s i o n .
_ _ _ Task 2
Read the text below. For questions ( 6 — 1 0 ) c h o o s e the correct answer (А; В, C or D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
THE MILLIONTH WORD IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
It i s b e i n g c l a i m e d t h a t t h e m i l l i o n t h w o r d i n t h e E n g l i s h l a n g u a g e i s a b o u t t o be c r e a t e d . A U S
c o m p a n y w h i c h f o l l o w s t h e u s e of l a n g u a g e o n t h e I n t e r n e t h a s m a d e t h e p r e d i c t i o n . H o w e v e r , t r a ­
d i t i o n a l d i c t i o n a r y m a k e r s a r e n ' t s o s u r e . T h e i d e a o f t h e m i l l i o n t h w o r d e n t e r i n g t h e E n g l i s h lan­
g u a g e i s a b r i l l i a n t b i t o f p u b l i c r e l a t i o n s f o r T e x a s - b a s e d Global L a n g u a g e M o n i t o r (GLM). GLM r u n s
a powerful search service which monitors web traffic. They make their money telling organisations
h o w o f t e n t h e i r n a m e i s m e n t i o n e d i n n e w m e d i a , s u c h as t h e I n t e r n e t .
 W h a t t h e y c a n a l s o d o i s s e a r c h f o r n e w l y c o i n e d w o r d s . Once a w o r d h a s b e e n u s e d 2 5 , 0 0 0 t i m e s
o n s o c i a l n e t w o r k i n g s i t e s a n d s u c h l i k e , GLM d e c l a r e s i t t o be a n e w w o r d .
By their calculations a new word is created in English every 9 8 minutes, hence they estimate that
t h e m i l l i o n t h w o r d i s a b o u t t o be c r e a t e d .
If y o u t a l k t o l e x i c o g r a p h e r s , h o w e v e r , d i c t i o n a r y p r o f e s s i o n a l s , t h e y t e l l a s l i g h t l y d i f f e r e n t
s t o r y . D i c t i o n a r i e s h a v e t i g h t e r c r i t e r i a a b o u t w h a t c o n s t i t u t e s a n e w w o r d , f o r e x a m p l e , i t h a s t o be
u s e d o v e r a c e r t a i n p e r i o d of t i m e .
L e x i c o g r a p h e r s w i l l t e l l y o u t h a t t h e e x a c t s i z e of E n g l i s h v o c a b u l a r y i s i m p o s s i b l e t o q u a n t i f y , b u t
if y o u accept e v e r y t e c h n i c a l t e r m or o b s c u r e s p e c i a l i s t w o r d t h e n w e ' r e a l r e a d y w a y b e y o n d a m i l l i o n .
A n d if y o u r e s t r i c t i n c l u s i o n of s p e c i a l i s t s l a n g , t h e n t h e r e are p o s s i b l y t h r e e q u a r t e r s of a m i l l i o n
w o r d s i n E n g l i s h . A l l of w h i c h i s w a y b e y o n d t h e 2 0 — 4 0 , 0 0 0 w o r d s t h a t a f l u e n t s p e a k e r w o u l d u s e ,
or t h e f e w t h o u s a n d y o u c o u l d g e t b y w i t h i n E n g l i s h . B a s i c a l l y , w i t h 1.5 b i l l i o n p e o p l e s p e a k i n g s o m e
v e r s i o n of t h e l a n g u a g e , i t ' s s m a l l w o n d e r — E n g l i s h i s t h e f a s t e s t g r o w i n g t o n g u e i n t h e w o r l d .
6 The text focuses on
A the languages which have more than a million words.
В t h e m e a n i n g a n d u s a g e of t h e m i l l i o n t h w o r d i n t h e E n g l i s h l a n g u a g e .
C t h e p r o c e s s of c a l c u l a t i o n a n d r e g i s t r a t i o n of w o r d s i n a l a n g u a g e .
D the monitoring web traffic.
7 W h a t can we find out from the text?
A T h e m i l l i o n t h w o r d i n t h e E n g l i s h l a n g u a g e w a s r e g i s t e r e d b y GLM s e r v i c e .
В The millionth word in the English language is about to be created.
C T h e r e are l e s s t h a n a m i l l i o n w o r d s i n t h e E n g l i s h l a n g u a g e .
D T h e r e are d i f f e r e n t p o i n t s o f v i e w o n t h e n u m b e r of w o r d s i n t h e E n g l i s h l a n g u a g e .

8 Global L a n g u a g e M o n i t o r d o e s n o t
A run a powerful search service which monitors web traffic.
В make up dictionaries.
C tell organisations h o w often their n a m e i s m e n t i o n e d i n new media.
D search for newly coined words.
9 GLM d e c l a r e s a w o r d t o b e a n e w o n e a f t e r i t
A h a s b e e n u s e d o v e r a c e r t a i n p e r i o d of t i m e .
В has been used by 2 5 , 0 0 0 people.
C has been used 2 5 , 0 0 0 t i m e s on social n e t w o r k i n g sites.
D has appeared i n dictionaries.
10 L e x i c o g r a p h e r s c l a i m t h a t
A it's just amazing that English is the fastest growing tongue in the world.
В t h e e x a c t s i z e of E n g l i s h v o c a b u l a r y i s i m p o s s i b l e t o q u a n t i f y .
C t h e r e are o b v i o u s l y m o r e t h a n t h r e e q u a r t e r s of a m i l l i o n w o r d s i n E n g l i s h .
D a fluent speaker would use 2 0 — 4 0 , 0 0 0 words.

. . Task 3 —
Read the text below. Match choices (A— H) to (11 — 15). There are three choices you do not need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
F I N D I N G T H E R I G H T CAREER T I P S
A r e y o u t h i n k i n g of c h o o s i n g or c h a n g i n g y o u r c a r e e r ? M a y b e y o u h a v e b e e n d r e a m i n g a b o u t
a c a r e e r c h a n g e b u t d o n ' t k n o w w h e r e t o s t a r t . P e r h a p s y o u ' r e g e t t i n g i n c r e a s i n g l y b o r e d at w o r k o r
r e a l i z i n g t h a t o p p o r t u n i t i e s f o r g r o w t h are l i m i t e d . R e g a r d l e s s of y o u r r e a s o n s , t h e r i g h t c a r e e r i s
out there for everyone. Discover how to find the best career path for y o u , i n c l u d i n g finding the cour­
age to make a change, researching options, realizing your s t r e n g t h s , and learning n e w skills.

(11) S o h o w d o y o u t r a n s l a t e y o u r i n t e r e s t s i n t o a n e w c a r e e r ? W i t h a l i t t l e r e s e a r c h , y o u m a y be s u r ­
p r i s e d at t h e c a r e e r s t h a t r e l a t e t o m a n y o f t h e t h i n g s y o u l o v e t o d o .
 M a n y o n l i n e t o o l s c a n g u i d e y o u t h r o u g h t h e p r o c e s s of s e l f - d i s c o v e r y . Q u e s t i o n s , q u i z z e s , a n d
temperament sorters can't tell y o u what your perfect career would be, b u t they can help you
identify w h a t ' s important to you in a career, what you enjoy doing, and where you excel.

(12) W h i l e y o u c a n g l e a n a l o t of i n f o r m a t i o n f r o m r e s e a r c h a n d q u i z z e s , t h e r e ' s n o s u b s t i t u t e f o r
information from someone currently working in your chosen career. Talking to someone in the
f i e l d g i v e s y o u a real s e n s e of w h a t t y p e of w o r k y o u w i l l a c t u a l l y b e d o i n g a n d if i t m e e t s y o u r
e x p e c t a t i o n s . W h a t ' s m o r e , y o u w i l l s t a r t t o b u i l d c o n n e c t i o n s i n y o u r n e w c a r e e r area, h e l p ­
i n g y o u l a n d a j o b i n t h e f u t u r e . D o e s a p p r o a c h i n g o t h e r s l i k e t h i s s e e m i n t i m i d a t i n g ? It d o e s n ' t
h a v e t o b e . N e t w o r k i n g a n d i n f o r m a t i o n a l i n t e r v i e w i n g are i m p o r t a n t s k i l l s t h a t c a n g r e a t l y
further your career.

(13) Once y o u h a v e a g e n e r a l i d e a of y o u r c a r e e r p a t h , t a k e s o m e t i m e t o f i g u r e o u t w h a t s k i l l s y o u
h a v e a n d w h a t s k i l l s y o u n e e d . R e m e m b e r , y o u ' r e n o t c o m p l e t e l y s t a r t i n g f r o m s c r a t c h — y o u al­
r e a d y h a v e s o m e s k i l l s t o s t a r t . T h e s e s k i l l s are c a l l e d t r a n s f e r a b l e s k i l l s , a n d t h e y c a n be a p p l i e d
to almost any field.

(14) If y o u r c h o s e n c a r e e r r e q u i r e s s k i l l s or e x p e r i e n c e y o u l a c k , d o n ' t d e s p a i r . T h e r e are m a n y w a y s

t o g a i n n e e d e d s k i l l s . W h i l e l e a r n i n g , y o u ' l l a l s o h a v e a n o p p o r t u n i t y t o f i n d o u t w h e t h e r or
not you truly enjoy your chosen career and also make connections that could lead to your dream
job.
T a k e c l a s s e s . S o m e f i e l d s r e q u i r e s p e c i f i c e d u c a t i o n or s k i l l s , s u c h a s a n e d u c a t i o n a l d e g r e e or
specific training. Don't automatically rule out more education as impossible. Many fields have
a c c e l e r a t e d p r o g r a m m e s i f y o u a l r e a d y h a v e s o m e e d u c a t i o n , o r y o u m a y b e able t o do n i g h t
c l a s s e s or p a r t - t i m e s c h o o l i n g s o t h a t y o u c a n c o n t i n u e t o w o r k . S o m e c o m p a n i e s e v e n o f f e r t u i ­
t i o n r e i m b u r s e m e n t s i f y o u s t a y at t h e c o m p a n y a f t e r y o u f i n i s h y o u r e d u c a t i o n .

(15) Y o u m i g h t b e f e e l i n g s o b u s y w i t h t h e c a r e e r t r a n s i t i o n t h a t y o u b a r e l y h a v e t i m e t o s l e e p or e a t .
However, m a n a g i n g stress, eating right, and taking time for sleep, exercise and especially loved
ones will ensure you h a v e the stamina for the big changes ahead.

T o m a k e a r i g h t choice of y o u r c a r e e r you h a v e t o

A t a k e c a r e of y o u r s e l f .
В consider starting your own business.
C research specific careers.
D evaluate your strengths and skills.
E get support and information from others.
F identify occupations that match your interests.
G develop your skills and experience.
H pace yourself and don't take on too m u c h at once.

Task 4 — _
Read the text below. Choose from (A—H) the one which best fits each s p a c e (16—21). There are two
choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
OXFORD UNIVERSITY
Oxford U n i v e r s i t y , founded i n 1 2 1 4 , is the oldest and best university i n Britain. Over 3 0 individual
colleges (16) , a n d e a c h h a s b e c o m e a f f i l i a t e d t o t h e c e n t r a l u n i v e r s i t y at d i f f e r e n t p o i n t s i n
time from the 1 3 t h
century up to today. There is no «campus» as such, but y o u will find some very
beautiful historic b u i l d i n g s t h a t are u s e d (17) — the Bodlean Library, the Radcliffe Camera,
t h e S h e l d o n a i n T h e a t r e , t h e A s h m o l e a n M u s e u m i n t h e c e n t r e of O x f o r d . T h e i n d i v i d u a l c o l l e g e s are
s c a t t e r e d (18) . Each college is protected by a high wall, which is entered through the porter's
l o d g e at t h e m a i n g a t e . T h e o n l y w a y t o s e e w h a t a c o l l e g e i s l i k e i s t o g o i n s i d e a f e w .
There are w a l k i n g t o u r s of t h e colleges, a n d t h e open-top buses g o on a continual t o u r round t h e t o w n
( w i t h y o u r t i c k e t y o u c a n g e t o n a n d o f f a t w i l l ) . Go o n (19) , t h e n go round again g e t t i n g on
a n d off at t h o s e p l a c e s a n d c o l l e g e s t h a t t o o k y o u r f a n c y .
T h e t o w n of O x f o r d s t a n d s (20) , a n d t h e r i v e r i s a n i m p o r t a n t p a r t of t h e u n i v e r s i t y l i f e ,
particularly in s u m m e r time. The Oxford University Boat Race crew trains here in winter and in sum­
m e r , w h e n t h e l e s s s e r i o u s a n d m o r e s p e c t a c u l a r S u m m e r E i g h t s (21) .
A with m a n y people from around the world
В take place
C one complete tour to g e t a general impression
D b y all t h e c o l l e g e s
E on the River Cherwell
F of t h e m a n y v a r i e t i e s
G around the centre as well
H make up the university

_ — Task 5 • ~— :

Read the text below. For q u e s t i o n s (22—33) choose the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.

A f e l w a s o n l y a v e r y s m a l l b o y w h e n h e (22) . s a w s n o w . B u t i t w a s n ' t (23) snow

t h a t h e s a w . N o , t h e r e w a s n o real s n o w (24) _ _ _ _ _ h e l i v e d . H e s a w t h e s n o w i n a p i c t u r e book. T h e
book h a d l o t s of p i c t u r e s o f c h i l d r e n p l a y i n g i n b i g w h i t e f i e l d s . H e (25) his mother, «What
are t h o s e w h i t e f i e l d s ? * a n d h i s m o t h e r l a u g h e d a n d s a i d , « T h a t ' s s n o w ! » S h e t r i e d t o e x p l a i n t o h i m
w h a t s n o w w a s , b u t A f e l d i d n ' t r e a l l y u n d e r s t a n d . (26) there was rain where he lived, hut
not very much, so it was very difficult for h i m to understand what this cold, ice rain that his mother
described was.
H e d r e a m e d a b o u t s n o w all t h e t i m e , t r y i n g t o i m a g i n e h o w i t r e a l l y w a s .
T h e n , w h e n A f e l w a s t w e l v e y e a r s o l d , t h e f o l l o w i n g t h i n g h a p p e n e d . One d a y h e w a s w a t c h i n g TV
at his uncle's house, and a programme came on, and there were people flying across the snow. They
l o o k e d (27) s t r a n g e a n i m a l s , o r f a n t a s t i c b i r d s . T h e y h a d h a t s w h i c h c o v e r e d all t h e i r h e a d s
a n d b i g g o g g l e s o v e r t h e i r e y e s . A n d o n t h e i r (28) , they had t h i n g s that looked like strange
shoes.
« W h a t are t h o s e ? * h e a s k e d h i s u n c l e e x c i t e d l y . « S k i s » , r e p l i e d h i s u n c l e , « a n d t h o s e p e o p l e are
c a l l e d (29) *. A t t h a t m o m e n t , A f e l d e c i d e d . H e w a n t e d t o be a s k i e r .
H e asked his uncle what the programme was.
«The W i n t e r Olympics*, said h i s uncle. «It's like the normal Olympics, but for sports where you
need snow — skiing, ice s k a t i n g , bobsleigh, t h o s e s o r t s of t h i n g s . T h e y h a v e i t e v e r y f o u r y e a r s * .
A f e l (30) o u t t h a t t h e n e x t W i n t e r O l y m p i c s w e r e i n V a n c o u v e r i n C a n a d a , i n 2010.
« P e r f e c t * , h e t h o u g h t . « E n o u g h t i m e f o r m e t o b e c o m e a b r i l l i a n t s k i e r . T h e n I'll g o t o t h e W i n t e r
Olympics, and w i n the gold medal for s k i i n g * . «But there's no s n o w here!* people told him. «Where
are y o u g o i n g t o s k i ? »
A f e l d i d n ' t c a r e . H e (31) h i m s e l f a p a i r of s k i s f r o m t w o p i e c e s of w o o d . H e t i e d t h e m
to his feet and practised skiing holding two sticks in his hands. A t first he couldn't move, but he
p r a c t i s e d , a n d p r a c t i s e d , a n d p r a c t i s e d u n t i l h e c o u l d m o v e q u i t e q u i c k l y a c r o s s t h e s a n d or t h e e a r t h
where he lived. He tried to fly d o w n the hills like the people on TV, but he couldn't. He could only
move slowly.
 « N e v e r (32) », h e t h o u g h t . « I t ' s j u s t a s t a r t . . . »
S o e v e r y n i g h t , o u t i n t h e m i d d l e of t h e d e s e r t , A f e l n o w p r a c t i s e s s k i i n g d o w n s a n d d u n e s . H e
d r e a m s t h a t t h e y e l l o w s a n d a n d b r o w n e a r t h of t h e d e s e r t i s t h e w h i t e , w h i t e s n o w of t h e m o u n t a i n s
h e s a w (33) t h e t e l e v i s i o n . H e d r e a m s t h a t t h e y e l l o w s a n d a n d b r o w n e a r t h are as g o l d as t h e
m e d a l h e will b r i n g h o m e w i t h h i m , w h e n h e i s t h e w o r l d c h a m p i o n .

A В C D
22 last previous next first

23 factual original real valid

24 where when how what

25 replied requested asked answered

26 However Usually Sometimes So

27 like as such so

28 hands arms heads feet

29 skaters skiers swimmers racers

30 found knew learned looked

31 acted performed did made

32 mind be see say

33 out of in on

— — — _ _ _ _ ™ ~ _ _ _ - _ - Task 6
Read the text below. For questions (34—45) choose the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
A l f r e d N o b e l , t h e m a n w h o i n v e n t e d d e a d l y e x p l o s i v e s , d e c i d e d to t r y a n d d o s o m e t h i n g g o o d w i t h
all t h e m o n e y h e e a r n e d , a n d (34) p r i z e s t o p e o p l e w h o m a d e p r o g r e s s i n l i t e r a t u r e , s c i e n c e , eco­
n o m i c s a n d — p e r h a p s m o s t i m p o r t a n t l y — p e a c e . N o t all a w a r d s are as noble a s N o b e l ' s . E v e n t h o u g h
m o s t c o u n t r i e s h a v e a s y s t e m f o r (35) and rewarding people who have done something good in
t h e i r c o u n t r i e s , t h e r e are n o w h u n d r e d s of a w a r d s a n d a w a r d c e r e m o n i e s f o r all k i n d s of t h i n g s .
T h e O s c a r s are p r o b a b l y t h e m o s t f a m o u s , a t i m e f o r t h e A m e r i c a n f i l m i n d u s t r y t o t e l l
(36) h o w g o o d i t i s , a n a n n u a l o p p o r t u n i t y f o r l o t s of b i g s t a r s t o g i v e e a c h o t h e r a w a r d s a n d
m a k e t e a r f u l s p e e c h e s . (37) t h a t t h e r e are a l s o t h e G o l d e n G l o b e s , a p p a r e n t l y f o r t h e s a m e
t h i n g . B u t i t ' s n o t o n l y f i l m s — n o w t h e r e are a l s o G r a m m i e s , B r i t s , t h e M e r c u r y P r i z e a n d t h e M T V
and Q awards for music.
A w a r d s d o n ' t o n l y e x i s t f o r t h e a r t s . T h e r e are n o w a w a r d s f o r S p o r t s P e r s o n a l i t y of t h e Y e a r , f o r
E u r o p e a n F o o t b a l l e r of t h e Y e a r a n d W o r l d F o o t b a l l e r of t h e Y e a r . T h i s (38) very strange —
s o m e t i m e s a w a r d s c a n b e g o o d t o g i v e r e c o g n i t i o n t o p e o p l e w h o d e s e r v e i t , or t o h e l p p e o p l e w h o d o n ' t
m a k e a l o t of m o n e y t o c a r r y o n t h e i r w o r k w i t h o u t (39) about finances.
W h y (40) all t h e s e a w a r d s a n d c e r e m o n i e s a p p e a r e d r e c e n t l y ? S h a k e s p e a r e n e v e r
(41) a p r i z e , n o r d i d L e o n a r d o da V i n c i or A d a m S m i t h or C h a r l e s D i c k e n s .
It w o u l d be p o s s i b l e t o s a y , h o w e v e r , t h a t i n t h e p a s t , s c i e n t i s t s a n d a r t i s t s c o u l d w i n «patronage»
f r o m r i c h people — a k i n g or a l o r d c o u l d g i v e t h e a r t i s t or s c i e n t i s t m o n e y t o h a v e t h e m p a i n t t h e i r
p a l a c e s or h e l p t h e m d e v e l o p n e w w a y s of m a k i n g m o n e y . W i t h t h e c h a n g e i n s o c i a l s y s t e m s across t h e
w o r l d , t h i s n o l o n g e r (42) . A l o t of s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h i s n o w f u n d e d (43) by the state
or b y p r i v a t e c o m p a n i e s . P e r h a p s a w a r d c e r e m o n i e s are j u s t t h e m o s t r e c e n t f a c e of t h i s p r o c e s s .
 H o w e v e r , t h e r e i s m o r e t o i t t h a n t h a t . W h e n a f i l m w i n s a n Oscar, m a n y m o r e p e o p l e g o a n d s e e i t ,
or b u y t h e D V D . W h e n a w r i t e r w i n s t h e N o b e l p r i z e , m a n y m o r e p e o p l e b u y h i s b o o k s . W h e n a g r o u p
wins the MTV awards, the ceremony (44) by hundreds of thousands of people across the
w o r l d . The r e s u l t ? T h e g r o u p s e l l s l o t s m o r e r e c o r d s .
Most awards ceremonies (45) b y b i g o r g a n i z a t i o n s or c o m p a n i e s . T h i s m e a n s t h a t i t i s
not only the person who wins the award who benefits — but also the sponsors. The MTV awards, for
e x a m p l e , are g r e a t for p u b l i c i s i n g n o t o n l y m u s i c , b u t also M T V i t s e l f !

A В C D
34 give gave given are given

35 honour honours honoured honouring

36 itself herself himself its

37 Because of In spite of A s well as In order to

38 seem seems seemed is seem

39 worry to worry worring worrying

40 have has had having

41 win won has won be won

42 to happen happen happens happening

43 both or neither either

44 seen be seen is seen sees

45 is sponsored are sponsored be sponsored will sponsor

 Writing
46 Look a t M e g ' s d i a r y f o r n e x t w e e k e n d ; t h e n u s e t h i s i n f o r m a t i o n a n d t h e p l a n b e l o w t o w r i t e
a s h o r t l e t t e r ( a t l e a s t 100 w o r d s ) f r o m M e g t o h e r f r i e n d L a r r y t e l l i n g a b o u t h e r p l a n s .

Friday, 23 Stay at the Earl's Inn hotel in city centre, London.

Saturday, 24 In the morning: visit some of London's museums.

In the afternoon: shop in Oxford Street in the West End, find some bargains in Top
Shop.
In the evening: have dinner at Planet Hollywood in Piccadilly — a really popular
place with tasty food and great music.

Sunday, 25 Catch 10 o'clock train back to Liverpool.

PLAN
Introduction
Para 1: Salutations and greetings; opening remarks and reasons for w r i t i n g .
M a i n body
Para 2: Some words about your accommodation.
Para 3: Telling about y o u r plans for the morning, daytime and the e v e n i n g .
Conclusion
Para 4: C l o s i n g r e m a r k s , p o l i t e e n d i n g {Best wishes/Love/etc.) and your signature.
 Reading
— _ і — —T a s k —__,
Read the text below. Match choices (A— H) to (1—5). There are three choices you don't need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

T H E P O W E R OF L U C K
F o r c e n t u r i e s , p e o p l e h a v e r e c o g n i z e d t h e p o w e r of l u c k a n d h a v e d o n e w h a t e v e r t h e y c o u l d t o
s e i z e i t . S u c h s u p e r s t i t i o n s a s k n o c k i n g o n w o o d or l o o k i n g f o r a f o u r - l e a f c l o v e r a i m e d at r e c e i v i n g
help from powerful gods.

(1) A n d can w e actually do a n y t h i n g to attract good luck?

L u c k y p e o p l e , a s p s y c h o l o g i s t s s a y , g e t t h a t w a y v i a s o m e b a s i c p r i n c i p l e s — t a k i n g c h a n c e oppor­
tunities; creating self-fulfilling prediction through positive expectations; and adopting a flexible
attitude that t u r n s bad luck around.
Let's take chance opportunities, for example: lucky people regularly have them; unlucky people
don't.

(2) Lucky people see what is there rather than just what they're looking for.
A n o t h e r i m p o r t a n t p r i n c i p l e c o n c e r n s t h e w a y i n w h i c h l u c k y a n d u n l u c k y p e o p l e deal w i t h m i s ­
fortune. Imagine representing your country in the Olympics.

(3) N o w i m a g i n e the second Olympics. This t i m e y o u do e v e n better and w i n a silver medal.

H o w h a p p y d o y o u t h i n k y o u ' d f e e l ? M o s t of u s t h i n k w e ' d be h a p p i e r a f t e r w i n n i n g t h e s i l v e r
medal.
B u t research s u g g e s t s athletes w h o w i n bronze medals are actually happier. This i s because sil­
v e r m e d a l i s t s t h i n k t h a t if t h e y ' d p e r f o r m e d s l i g h t l y b e t t e r , t h e y m i g h t h a v e w o n a g o l d m e d a l .
I n c o n t r a s t , b r o n z e m e d a l i s t s f o c u s o n h o w if t h e y ' d p e r f o r m e d s l i g h t l y w o r s e , t h e y w o u l d n ' t
h a v e w o n a n y t h i n g . P s y c h o l o g i s t s call t h i s a b i l i t y t o i m a g i n e w h a t m i g h t h a v e h a p p e n e d , r a t h e r
t h a n w h a t a c t u a l l y h a p p e n e d , « c o u n t e r - f a c t u a l * t h i n k i n g . T h i s k i n d of t h i n k i n g m a k e s p e o p l e
f e e l b e t t e r a b o u t t h e m s e l v e s , k e e p s e x p e c t a t i o n s h i g h , a n d i n c r e a s e s t h e c h a n c e of c o n t i n u i n g t o
live a lucky life.

(4) The researchers answer in the affirmative. A n experiment was held during which the
p a r t i c i p a n t s w e r e t a u g h t h o w t o b e m o r e o p e n t o o p p o r t u n i t i e s a r o u n d t h e m , h o w t o break r o u ­
t i n e s , and how to deal w i t h bad luck by i m a g i n i n g t h i n g s being worse. They were asked to carry
out specific exercises for a m o n t h and t h e n report back.

(5) 8 0 p e r c e n t w e r e h a p p i e r a n d m o r e s a t i s f i e d w i t h t h e i r l i v e s — a n d l u c k i e r . One « u n ­
lucky* lady said that after making her attitude more positive — expecting good fortune, not
s t r e s s i n g o n t h e n e g a t i v e — h e r b a d l u c k h a d d i s a p p e a r e d . One d a y , s h e w e n t s h o p p i n g a n d f o u n d
a dress she liked. But she didn't buy it, and w h e n she returned to t h e store in a week, it was gone.
I n s t e a d of s l i n k i n g a w a y d i s a p p o i n t e d , s h e l o o k e d a r o u n d a n d f o u n d a b e t t e r d r e s s — a n d f o r l e s s
price. E v e n t s like that made her a m u c h happier person.
Her experience s h o w s how t h o u g h t s and behaviour affect the good and bad fortune we encounter.
It p r o v e s t h a t t h e e f f e c t i v e w a y of t a k i n g a d v a n t a g e of t h e p o w e r of l u c k i s a v a i l a b l e t o all of u s .

A U n l u c k y people m i s s chance opportunities because they're too busy looking for something
else.
В Again, the unlucky people missed it.
C Does this technique work?
D Can t h o u g h t s a n d b e h a v i o u r e n h a n c e g o o d f o r t u n e ?
 Б So w h y do we pass this and other superstitions down from generation to generation?
F On a v e r a g e , u n l u c k y p e o p l e s p e n t a b o u t t w o m i n u t e s o n t h i s e x e r c i s e ;
G The results were dramatic:
II You compete, do well, and w i n a bronze medal.

Task 2
Read the text below. For questions (6—10) c h o o s e the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
W i l l i a m H e n r y G a t e s III w a s b o r n o n 28 October 1 9 5 5 . H e i s o n e o f t h e w o r l d ' s r i c h e s t p e o p l e
a n d p e r h a p s t h e m o s t s u c c e s s f u l b u s i n e s s m a n e v e r . H e c o - f o u n d e d t h e s o f t w a r e g i a n t Microsoft and
t u r n e d i t into t h e world's largest software company. He i s t h e b e s t - k n o w n entrepreneur of t h e PC
revolution. He h a s also w r i t t e n t w o best-selling books and started h i s o w n charity w i t h h i s wife.
Gates was fascinated w i t h electronics from a y o u n g age. In 1 9 7 5 h e read about a small technology
company. He contacted t h e m to see if they were interested in a computer program he had written.
T h i s l e d t o t h e c r e a t i o n o f Microsoft. G a t e s l a t e r s t r u c k a d e a l w i t h I B M t h a t p u t Microsoft's Win­
dows o n I B M c o m p u t e r s . T h i s d e a l m a d e Microsoft a m a j o r p l a y e r i n t h e IT i n d u s t r y .
G a t e s w a s i n c h a r g e a t Microsoft from 1 9 7 5 until 2006. H e w a s an active software developer at t h e
beginning. He had a vision t h a t computers could change everyone's life. H e helped to make this vision
come true and developed m a n y products that are n o w part of modern life. H i s m a n a g e m e n t style h a s
been studied and copied around t h e world.
G a t e s s t e p p e d d o w n a s Microsoft CEO i n J u n e 2 0 0 8 . H e n o w s p e n d s h i s t i m e w i t h h i s w i f e , M e l i n -
da, f o c u s i n g o n t h e i r c h a r i t a b l e f o u n d a t i o n . T h e y p r o v i d e f u n d s f o r g l o b a l p r o b l e m s t h a t are i g n o r e d
by g o v e r n m e n t s and other o r g a n i z a t i o n s . Time m a g a z i n e v o t e d Gates as one of t h e b i g g e s t influences
of t h e 2 0 c e n t u r y .
th

6 What is the best title for this text?

A T h e C r e a t i o n o f Microsoft >
В Gate's Family Life.
C Bill G a t e s : t h e S t o r y o f S u c c e s s .
D Bill Gates: t h e Early Years.

7 Bill Gates
A is the world's richest man.
В founded the software giant Microsoft.
C t u r n e d Microsoft into the world's largest software company.
D has written many best-selling books.

8 W h e n did Gates start being interested in electronics?

A When he was rather young.
В A f t e r h e read a b o u t a s m a l l t e c h n o l o g y c o m p a n y .
C Since 1 9 7 5 .
D While studying at the University.

9 A c c o r d i n g t o t h e t e x t , Microsoft b e c a m e a m a j o r p l a y e r i n t h e IT i n d u s t r y d u e t o
A Gate's interest in electronics.
В cooperation with a small technology company.
C t h e d e v e l o p m e n t o f t h e IT i n d u s t r y .
D t h e c o n t r a c t w i t h I B M t h a t p u t Microsoft's Windows on IBM computers.

10 G a t e s b e l i e v e d t h a t
A software doesn't need further development.
В computers could influence people's life.
C t h e importance of c o m p u t e r s i s doubtful.
D h e w a s n ' t c o m p e t e n t e n o u g h t o be i n c h a r g e a t Microsoft.
.._ ш x k з
as

Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (11—15). There are three choices you do not need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

H O W TO M A K E Y O U R F L I G H T E A S I E R
H a v e y o u f l o w n l a t e l y ? F r o m b u y i n g t i c k e t s t o b o a r d i n g a p l a n e , i t ' s a n e w w o r l d o u t t h e r e . In­
c r e a s e d s e c u r i t y , f e w e r f l i g h t s , e a r l i e r c h e c k - i n s , l u g g a g e l i m i t a t i o n s : e v e n if y o u ' r e n o t a f e a r f u l
f l i e r , g e t t i n g f r o m p o i n t A t o p o i n t В s t i l l c a n be s t r e s s f u l . H e r e ' s w h a t I d i d t o m a k e a r e c e n t t r i p
e a s i e r . C o n s i d e r t a k i n g s o m e of t h e s e s t e p s t h e n e x t t i m e y o u f l y :

(11) Y o u ' l l b e s h o w n a s c h e m a of t h e i n t e r i o r of t h e p l a n e w i t h a v a i l a b l e s e a t s i n d i c a t e d . Click o n t h e

one you want, and its location is recorded. That way, you w o n ' t arrive at the gate without a seat
assignment and end up in the middle seat.

(12) S i n c e I w a s f l y i n g o n N o r t h w e s t A i r l i n e s — t h e f i r s t a i r l i n e t o o f f e r t h i s o p t i o n — I w e n t t o t h e
Self-Service Check-In p a g e o n t h e airline's site, keyed in m y e-ticket pass code, and printed m y
boarding pass from m y home computer 30 hours before take-off time. The boarding pass bears
t h e t r a v e l l e r ' s n a m e , f l i g h t i n f o r m a t i o n , a n d a bar c o d e t h e f l i g h t a t t e n d a n t s c a n s a t t h e g a t e .
S i n c e I h a d n o c h e c k - i n l u g g a g e , h a v i n g t h e b o a r d i n g p a s s a h e a d of t i m e s p a r e d m e f r o m w a i t i n g
i n a c h e c k - i n l i n e or at t h e g a t e t o a c q u i r e o n e .
Bringing a downloaded boarding pass to the airport can spare you from h a v i n g to wait in the
check-in line.

(13) One of t h e s t r e s s o r s of f l y i n g — e s p e c i a l l y w h e n y o u m u s t c h a n g e p l a n e s — i s w o r r y i n g w h e t h e r
y o u r l u g g a g e w i l l a r r i v e t h e s a m e t i m e y o u d o . If i t ' s a s h o r t t r i p , p r e p a r e d o w n t o t h e bare e s s e n ­
t i a l s a n d j u s t t a k e a w h e e l e d c a r r y - o n t h a t m e e t s y o u r a i r l i n e ' s s i z e r e q u i r e m e n t . In m o s t loca­
t i o n s , y o u c a n b u y w h a t y o u n e e d w h e n y o u a r r i v e . If y o u m u s t b r i n g m o r e s t u f f a l o n g , c o n s i d e r
s e n d i n g i t a h e a d v i a F e d E x . It w o n ' t s a v e y o u m o n e y , b u t i t w i l l g i v e y o u p e a c e of m i n d — a n d
free you from dragging that suitcase everywhere.

(14) P a r k i n g at a n a i r p o r t c a n b e e x p e n s i v e . A n d a s k i n g s o m e o n e e l s e t o d r i v e y o u t h e r e c a n b e
i n c o n v e n i e n t . I n m a n y c i t i e s , m a s s t r a n s i t i s n o n - e x i s t e n t or i m p r a c t i c a l f o r s o m e o n e w i t h
a suitcase. A l t h o u g h I could have taken a taxi on the street where I live, I instead arranged for
a private car the day before. The driver arrived a few m i n u t e s early i n a perfect black sedan and
h e l p e d m e w i t h m y l u g g a g e . I w a s a b l e t o p u t t h e $ 5 0 c h a r g e ( w h i c h i n c l u d e d f e e a n d t i p ) on m y
credit card, helpful for record-keeping.

(15) T h a t m e a n s t o c o m e t o t h e a i r p o r t w e l l b e f o r e y o u r f l i g h t d e p a r t s . F o r m y d o m e s t i c f l i g h t ,
7 5 m i n u t e s w a s r e c o m m e n d e d . If y o u ' r e d e p a r t i n g f r o m a l a r g e a i r p o r t , a d d 1 5 m i n u t e s t o t h a t .
I t ' s u s u a l l y l o n g e r if y o u r f l i g h t g o e s o v e r s e a s .

In o r d e r t o m a k e y o u r f l i g h t l e s s s t r e s s f u l y o u s h o u l d ,

A print out your boarding pass before you leave home.

В arrive at the airport on t i m e .
C bring s o m e t h i n g to eat from home.
D take carry-on l u g g a g e — and send the rest ahead.
E select your seat online.
F pack y o u r o w n «care p a c k a g e * b e f o r e y o u l e a v e h o m e .
G h i r e a c a r f o r y o u r trip, t o t h e a i r p o r t .
H avoid the middle seat by buying your ticket early.
Read the text below. Choose from (A—H) the one which best fits each s p a c e (16—21). There are two
choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
EDUCATION IN GREAT BRITAIN
In G r e a t B r i t a i n e d u c a t i o n i s c o m p u l s o r y f o r all c h i l d r e n (16) . T h e r e are t h r e e s t a g e s
in education. The first stage is primary education; the second is secondary education; the third is
f u r t h e r e d u c a t i o n (17) . B e f o r e 5 s o m e c h i l d r e n a t t e n d N u r s e r y S c h o o l s , w h i l e m o s t chil­
d r e n s t a r t t h e i r b a s i c e d u c a t i o n i n a n I n f a n t S c h o o l w h i c h i s t h e f i r s t s t a g e of p r i m a r y e d u c a t i o n . In
I n f a n t S c h o o l s c h i l d r e n d o n ' t h a v e real c l a s s e s . T h e y g e t a c q u a i n t e d w i t h t h e c l a s s r o o m , d e s k s , t h e y
m o s t l y p l a y a n d l e a r n t h r o u g h p l a y i n g . F r o m 7 t o 11 t h e y a t t e n d J u n i o r S c h o o l s , t h e s e c o n d s t a g e of
p r i m a r y e d u c a t i o n . In P r i m a r y S c h o o l s c h i l d r e n are t a u g h t t h e s o - c a l l e d 3 R ' s — (18) , as w e l l
as elementary science and i n f o r m a t i o n technology. They also have m u s i c , physical training and art
classes.
A t the age of eleven children transfer to Comprehensive Schools. These schools (19) , and
a w i d e r a n g e of a c a d e m i c c o u r s e s l e a d i n g t o t h e p u b l i c e x a m i n a t i o n s t a k e n a t 1 6 . T h e y a l s o p r o v i d e
some vocational courses.
A f t e r f i v e y e a r s of s e c o n d a r y e d u c a t i o n , p u p i l s t a k e t h e G e n e r a l C e r t i f i c a t e of S e c o n d a r y Educa­
t i o n e x a m i n a t i o n . P u p i l s t a k e « О - l e v e l s » — O r d i n a r y l e v e l s — i n a s m a n y s u b j e c t s (20) ;
s o m e t a k e j u s t o n e or t w o , o t h e r s t a k e a s m a n y as n i n e or t e n . If y o u g e t g o o d «О-level» r e s u l t s , y o u
c a n s t a y o n a t s c h o o l u n t i l y o u are 18. H e r e y o u p r e p a r e f o r A d v a n c e d L e v e l E x a m s ( « A - l e v e l s » ) .
Three good «А-level» e x a m s lead to universities.
H i g h e r e d u c a t i o n b e g i n s a t 18 a n d u s u a l l y l a s t s f o r t h r e e or f o u r y e a r s . S t u d e n t s g o t o u n i v e r s i ­
t i e s , p o l y t e c h n i c s o r c o l l e g e s . T h e l e a d i n g u n i v e r s i t i e s i n E n g l a n d are O x f o r d , C a m b r i d g e a n d Lon­
d o n . A f t e r t h r e e y e a r s of s t u d y , a s t u d e n t r e c e i v e s a B a c h e l o r ' s d e g r e e . S o m e m a y c o n t i n u e t h e i r
s t u d i e s f o r t w o or m o r e y e a r s t o g e t t h e i r (21) .
B r i t i s h e d u c a t i o n h a s m a n y d i f f e r e n t f a c e s b u t o n e g o a l . I t s a i m i s t o r e a l i s e t h e p o t e n t i a l of all f o r
t h e g o o d of t h e i n d i v i d u a l a n d s o c i e t y a s a w h o l e .
A m i g h t be interested
В a t u n i v e r s i t y or c o l l e g e
C give general education
D t h e q u a n t i t y of t r a n s m i t t e d i n f o r m a t i o n
E f r o m 5 t o 16 y e a r s o l d
F Master's and Doctor's degrees
G as t h e y w a n t t o
H reading, writing and arithmetic

Task 5 • 1
——— 1 1
——
Read the text below. For questions (22—33) choose the correct answer (А, В, C or •>). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
THE NEW AMERICAN PRESIDENT
B a r a c k O b a m a i s t h e n e w P r e s i d e n t (22) t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s of A m e r i c a . H e is t h e f i r s t
A f r i c a n - A m e r i c a n t o w i n t h e (23) for t h e W h i t e H o u s e . O b a m a ' s c h a r i s m a , i n t e l l i g e n c e , a n d
p o w e r f u l s p e e c h e s h a v e m a d e h i m e x t r e m e l y (24) with many Americans. He has been very
successful with his message for change.
Obama w a s b o r n i n H a w a i i i n 1961 t o a b l a c k K e n y a n f a t h e r a n d w h i t e A m e r i c a n m o t h e r . H i s p a r e n t s
(25) a n d h i s m o t h e r m a r r i e d a n I n d o n e s i a n m a n . B a r a c k ' s f a m i l y (26) to Indonesia in
1967. H e (27) s c h o o l s i n J a k a r t a u n t i l h e w a s t e n y e a r s old, w h e n h e r e t u r n e d t o H a w a i i . Obama
(28) i n p o l i t i c a l s c i e n c e a n d i n t e r n a t i o n a l r e l a t i o n s at C o l u m b i a U n i v e r s i t y i n N e w York.
 (29) f o u r y e a r s i n N e w Y o r k , O b a m a m o v e d t o C h i c a g o . T h e r e , h e w o r k e d as t h e d i r e c t o r
of a c o m m u n i t y p r o j e c t f r o m 1 9 8 5 t o 1 9 8 8 . H e ( 3 0 ) _ _ _ _ _ H a r v a r d L a w S c h o o l a n d b e c a m e t h e f i r s t
black p r e s i d e n t of t h e H a r v a r d L a w R e v i e w . O b a m a ( 3 1 ) l a w a t t h e U n i v e r s i t y of C h i c a g o
Law School for twelve years. He became an Illinois Senator in 1 9 9 6 .
Obama w a s e l e c t e d t o t h e U S ( 3 2 ) in 2 0 0 4 . He became t h e fifth African-American Sena­
tor in the U S history. H e supported legislation on conservation, energy, immigration and honest
leadership. In November 2 0 0 8 , he (33) J o h n McCain to become America's 4 4 t h
President in
a very hard-fought campaign battle.

A В C D

22 at on off of

23 game race match contest

24 like favoured special popular

25 divorced parted divided left

26 left changed moved escaped

27 go come attended studied

28 majored liked good interested

29 Before During After Thereafter

30 studied learned came entered

31 had worked described taught

32 House of Commons House of Lords Senate Supreme Council

33 defeated won lost vanished

,—,—„ . „_____ T a s k б —
Read the text below. For questions ( 3 4 — 4 5 ) choose the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
THE FROG IN THE WELL
There was a frog that (34) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in a shallow well.
«Look h o w w e l l o f f I a m here!» h e ( 3 5 ) a b i g t u r t l e f r o m t h e E a s t e r n Ocean. «I c a n
(36) a l o n g t h e c o p i n g of t h e w e l l w h e n I g o ( 3 7 ) , and rest by a crevice in the bricks on
m y r e t u r n . I c a n w a l l o w t o m y h e a r t ' s c o n t e n t w i t h o n l y m y h e a d a b o v e w a t e r , or ( 3 8 ) ankle
d e e p t h r o u g h s o f t m u d . N o c r a b s or t a d p o l e s c a n c o m p a r e w i t h m e . I a m t h e m a s t e r of t h e w a t e r a n d
t h e l o r d of t h i s s h a l l o w w e l l . ( 3 9 ) more can a fellow ask? W h y don't you come here more
often to have a good time? »
Before the turtle from t h e Eastern Ocean could get his left foot into the well, (40) , he
(41) his right claw on something. So he halted and stepped back, t h e n began (42) the
ocean to the frog.
« I t ' s m o r e t h a n a t h o u s a n d m i l e s a c r o s s a n d m o r e t h a n t e n thous.and f e e t d e e p . In a n c i e n t t i m e s
t h e r e w e r e f l o o d s n i n e y e a r s o u t of t e n , y e t t h e w a t e r i n t h e o c e a n ( 4 3 ) .
A n d later t h e r e w e r e d r o u g h t s s e v e n y e a r s o u t of e i g h t , y e t t h e w a t e r i n t h e ocean h a s n e v e r g r o w n
l e s s . It r e m a i n e d q u i t e c o n s t a n t t h r o u g h o u t t h e a g e s . T h a t i s w h y I'd ( 4 4 ) live in the Eastern
Ocean».
T h e n t h e frog i n t h e shallow well w a s silent and felt a little (45) .
 А В C D

34 live lived living lives

35 tell told telling has told

36 hop to hop hopping hopped

37 in out from behind

38 to stroll stroll strolling strolled

39 Which Who Why What

40 however furthermore moreover thus

41 catch catched caught caughted

42 describe description to describe described

43 have never increased has never increased is never increased never increased

44 rather rather to prefer like

45 shame ashame ashamed ashaming

 Writing
46 I m a g i n e t h a t y o u v i s i t e d La Monte r e s t a u r a n t l a s t F r i d a y , b u t y o u w e r e n ' t p l e a s e d w i t h t h e
s e r v i c e , t h e q u a l i t y o f f o o d or t h e p r i c e s . U s e t h e p l a n b e l o w t o w r i t e y o u r l e t t e r o f c o m p l a i n t (at
least 100 words).
PLAN
Introduction
Para 1: S a l u t a t i o n a n d r e a s o n s f o r w r i t i n g (I'm writing to complain about...).
Main body
Para 2:
Motivation for complaint:
• waiters very slow — wait too long
• pasta — too spicy
• pizza — cold
• get bill — surprised: too expensive
Conclusion
Para 3: C l i e n t ' s e x p e c t a t i o n s :
I expect/apology for the spoiled evening
Hope/improve service/reduce prices or else you can lose customers
Para 4: P o l i t e e n d i n g (Yours faithfully/sincerely/etc.) and your signature.
 Reading
. _ _ ___—„— T a s k 1 „ _ — .—
R e a d t h e text b e l o w . M a t c h c h o i c e s (A—H) t o ( 1 — 5 ) . T h e r e are t h r e e c h o i c e s y o u d o not n e e d to u s e .
Write your a n s w e r s o n t h e s e p a r a t e a n s w e r s h e e t .

W H Y YOU SHOULD BE TOLERANT OF OTHERS

(1)
T o l e r a n c e is m a i n l y k n o w n a s a w i l l i n g n e s s t o a c c e p t o t h e r s a n d t h e i r b e l i e f s , e v e n if y o u d o n ' t
n e c e s s a r i l y a g r e e w i t h t h e m . T h a t ' s w h y t o l e r a n c e i s o f t e n u s e d i n t e r m s of r e l i g i o n («I d o n ' t
a g r e e w i t h h i s b e l i e f s , b u t I ' m t o l e r a n t o f t h e m * . ) b u t I l i k e t o t h i n k of i t m o r e b r o a d l y .
W h e n I'm stuck on a train beside someone, that's driving m e n u t s , I don't want to cause a scene
b y t e l l i n g t h e m t o s h u t u p a n d f i n d a n e w s e a t . W h e n I ' m at a - f a m i l y g a t h e r i n g b e i n g b o m b a r d e d
b y s t o r i e s t h a t I ' v e a l r e a d y h e a r d a t t h e l a s t f i v e f a m i l y g a t h e r i n g s , I d o n ' t w a n t t o u p s e t m y rela­
t i v e s b y b e i n g r u d e . I w a n t t o be t o l e r a n t of o t h e r s a n d s t i l l k e e p m y s a n i t y .
H e r e are a f e w t i p s t h a t c a n h e l p y o u t o be m o r e t o l e r a n t of o t h e r s .

(2)
I t ' s r e a l l y e a s y t o b l o w s o m e o n e o f f as s o o n a s t h e y s t r i k e u p a c o n v e r s a t i o n w i t h y o u — a l m o s t l i k e
you're mentally rolling your eyes even t h o u g h you're nodding politely. For once, listen to what
t h e y ' r e s a y i n g — r e a l l y l i s t e n . D o n ' t b e p u t off b y t h e i r a p p e a r a n c e or t h e f a c t t h a t s o m e o n e e l s e
t o l d y o u t h e y ' r e w e i r d a l i t t l e . L i s t e n t o t h e m , at l e a s t f o r a w h i l e — w e all w a n t t o be heard.

(3)
N o w t h a t y o u ' r e l i s t e n i n g t o s o m e o n e , r e s i s t t h e u r g e t o t o t a l l y d i s c o u n t w h a t t h e y ' r e s a y i n g be­
c a u s e it s o u n d s « f u n n y » o r « w e i r d » t o y o u . If y o u ' r e n o t t o t a l l y s u r e a b o u t t h e p o i n t t h e y ' r e t r y ­
i n g to make, ask t h e m q u e s t i o n s . Try to understand w h a t they're telling y o u — maybe they aren't
g e t t i n g t h e i r p o i n t a c r o s s a s c l e a r l y a s t h e y t h i n k t h e y are.

(4)
Y o u m i g h t n o t a g r e e w i t h t h e p e r s o n a n d t h e i r b e l i e f s or o p i n i o n s , a n d t h a t ' s o k a y . W e ' r e all dif­
ferent. That definitely doesn't mean y o u have to become best buddies and s w i t c h over to their way
of t h i n k i n g , b u t o n c e y o u a c c e p t t h a t i t ' s o k a y t o « a g r e e t o d i s a g r e e * i t s h o u l d be a l o t e a s i e r t o
have discussions w i t h people.

(5)
Y e a h , i t c a n b e , s o m e t i m e s . A l t h o u g h b e c o m i n g m o r e t o l e r a n t of o t h e r s w i l l a l l o w y o u t o g e t o u t of
your comfort zone and possibly expand your social circle, you m i g h t realize that you really enjoy
s o m e o n e ' s c o m p a n y — s o m e o n e t h a t y o u w o u l d h a v e a v o i d e d if y o u h a d n ' t t r i e d t o l i s t e n t o t h e m
and u n d e r s t a n d t h e m .
(By Steve Scott)

A Always Have a Plan

В Agree to Disagree
C Listen Carefully W i t h o u t J u m p i n g to Conclusions
D W h a t is Tolerance?
E Tolerance and Patience
F Is It E n j o y a b l e t o B e T o l e r a n t ?
G Lack of T o l e r a n c e
H Try to U n d e r s t a n d the Other Person's Point of View
 Task 2 —

Read the text below. For questions (6—10) c h o o s e the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
W h e n s t u d e n t s u n d e r s t a n d t h e c o n n e c t i o n b e t w e e n s c h o o l a n d t h e w i d e r w o r l d of f u t u r e e a r n i n g s ,
t h e y do more homework!
I n a s t u d y b y t h e U n i v e r s i t y of M i c h i g a n of 6 0 0 m i d d l e - s c h o o l s t u d e n t s t h e r e s e a r c h e s f o u n d t h a t ,
w h e n students were asked to consider w h a t they w a n t e d to do i n future before t h e y were g i v e n home­
work, they were far more likely to do t h e homework that n i g h t .
T h e r e s e a r c h e r s also f o u n d t h a t s t u d e n t s w h o s a w c o l l e g e e d u c a t i o n a s p a r t of t h e i r career p a t h
w e r e u p to e i g h t t i m e s m o r e l i k e l y t o d o e x t r a h o m e w o r k . O b v i o u s l y , m i d d l e - s c h o o l s t u d e n t s are able
t o m a k e t h e c o n n e c t i o n b e t w e e n s c h o o l w o r k a n d f u t u r e e a r n i n g s , a n d o n l y n e e d e d t o be r e m i n d e d of
this connection to become more motivated to learn.
W i t h y o u n g e r s t u d e n t s , t h e c o n n e c t i o n m i g h t n o t b e s o o b v i o u s , b u t t h e r e are o t h e r c o n n e c t i o n s
t h a t c a n be m a d e . F o r i n s t a n c e , y o u n g e r s t u d e n t s c a n b e t o l d t h a t if t h e y w a n t t o be l i k e o n e of t h e i r
a c t i o n h e r o e s , t h e y n e e d t o w o r k h a r d i n s c h o o l . M o s t s p o r t s p e r s o n a l i t i e s ( h o w e v e r n o t all!) are e x c e l ­
lent role models for y o u n g children and often work i n schools to e n c o u r a g e children to learn and do
well.
B u t how often do w e m a k e sure t h a t children u n d e r s t a n d t h e connection b e t w e e n school and life?
T o o o f t e n t e a c h e r s a n d p a r e n t s c o n c e n t r a t e o n s h o r t - t e r m o b j e c t i v e s — t h e n e x t t e s t , t h e n e x t learn­
i n g b e n c h m a r k — r a t h e r t h a n g i v i n g c h i l d r e n t h e b i g g e r p i c t u r e of w h y t h e y are i n s c h o o l .
Researchers u s e d to ask children w h y they had to learn to read. The a n s w e r s t h e y g o t were amaz­
i n g . S o m e c h i l d r e n s a i d t h e y h a d t o l e a r n t o r e a d « b e c a u s e t h e t e a c h e r s a y s s o » , or « b e c a u s e m y par­
e n t s w a n t m e t o ». It t o o k s o m e t i m e t o t e l l a n d s h o w t h e m t h a t t e a c h e r s w e r e n o t m a k i n g t h e m l e a r n t o
r e a d f o r t h e s a k e of r e a d i n g , b u t s o t h a t t h e y c o u l d l e a r n m o r e a n d b e c o m e c l e v e r e n o u g h t o g e t a g o o d
job w h e n t h e y l e f t s c h o o l . T h e c h i l d r e n w e r e q u i t e s u r p r i s e d b y t h i s n e w w a y of l o o k i n g at t h e r e a s o n
f o r l e a r n i n g t o r e a d a n d m o s t of t h e m w e r e m o r e m o t i v a t e d t o l e a r n as a r e s u l t .

6 T h e m a i n i d e a of t h e t e x t i s t h a t
A there is a connection between school and work.
В t h e U n i v e r s i t y of M i c h i g a n s t u d i e d 600 m i d d l e - s c h o o l s t u d e n t s .
C motivated students show better results.
D all t h e s c h o o l c h i l d r e n t h i n k a b o u t t h e i r f u t u r e .

7 W h i c h of t h e s t u d e n t s are m o r e l i k e l y t o do e x t r a h o m e w o r k ?
A Most hard-working students.
В T h e s t u d e n t s w h o are g o i n g t o c o l l e g e a f t e r s c h o o l .
C AH t h e s t u d e n t s .
D N o n e of t h e s t u d e n t s .

8 According to the text, middle-school students

A have no difficulties in m a k i n g the connection between school work and future earnings.
В are n e e d e d t o be r e m i n d e d of t h e c o n n e c t i o n b e t w e e n s c h o o l a n d f u t u r e w o r k .
C c a n ' t be m o t i v a t e d b y f u t u r e e a r n i n g s .
D u n d e r s t a n d t h e i m p o r t a n c e of s e c o n d a r y e d u c a t i o n .

9 T h e a u t h o r of t h e t e x t b e l i e v e s t h a t
A t h e k n o w l e d g e a s s e s s m e n t c a n be a g o o d m o t i v a t i o n t o l e a r n .
В motivation is not the most important thing in studying.
C teachers and parents mistakenly concentrate on short-term objectives.
D showing the n e x t learning benchmark is mostly important.
10 As the researchers found out, the main motive w h y children learn to read is _
A they like reading.
В t o b e c o m e c l e v e r e n o u g h t o g e t a g o o d job w h e n t h e y l e a v e s c h o o l .
C to learn more.
D to please their parents and teachers.

Task 3 — —
Read the text below. Match choices (A—H) to (11—15). There are three choices you do not need to use.
Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

{11) N a t i o n a l G e o g r a p h i c Society
C e l e b r a t i n g i t s 1 2 0 t h y e a r , t h e i c o n i c a n d b e l o v e d National Geographic Society i s o n e of t h e l a r g ­
est, most well-funded and most prominent environmental organizations. Focusing on science-
b a s e d r e s e a r c h a n d g e n e r a l i n t e r e s t as w e l l a s c o n s e r v a t i o n e f f o r t s , N a t G e o i s d e c i d e d l y e n v i r o n ­
m e n t a l i s t w i t h o u t t h a t b e i n g t h e o v e r t t h r u s t of t h e o r g a n i z a t i o n , c h o o s i n g i n s t e a d t o c e l e b r a t e
a m a z i n g w o n d e r s of t h e E a r t h a n d i t s c r e a t u r e s .

(12) E a r t h L i b e r a t i o n F r o n t
F a m o u s l y a c t i v i s t , t h e Earth Liberation Front o r g a n i z a t i o n i s a n a n o n y m o u s , i n d e p e n d e n t a n d
mysterious environmentalist group promoting civil disobedience and economic sabotage. Numer­
o u s c a s e s of a r s o n , S U V b o m b i n g , a n d o t h e r « e x t r e m e * a c t i o n s h a v e e a r n e d t h e E L F e n v i r o n m e n ­
t a l i s t s a m i l i t a n t r e p u t a t i o n . T h e y m a i n t a i n n o o f f i c e or p r e s s c o n t a c t s a n d m a n y e n v i r o n m e n t a l ­
ists have been keen to distance themselves from the ELF.

(13) The N a t i o n a l Wildlife F e d e r a t i o n

The National Wildlife Federation is dedicated to preserving animals in the U n i t e d States and
w o r k s w i t h local a g e n c i e s i n t h e 4 8 c o n t i g u o u s s t a t e s . It i s o n e of t h e l a r g e s t e n v i r o n m e n t a l or­
g a n i z a t i o n s , w i t h o v e r 4 m i l l i o n m e m b e r s p a r t i c i p a t i n g i n g r a s s - r o o t s e f f o r t s o n a v a r i e t y of w i l d ­
l i f e i s s u e s . T h e o r g a n i z a t i o n w a s a c t u a l l y f o u n d e d b y a c a r t o o n i s t n a m e d J a y D a r l i n g (aka « D i n g »
D a r l i n g ) i n 1 9 3 6 w i t h t h e s u p p o r t of P r e s i d e n t F r a n k l i n D e l a n o R o o s e v e l t .

(14) T h e N a t u r a l R e s o u r c e s Defence Council

The Natural Resources Defence Council w o r k s t o p r o t e c t w i l d l i f e a n d w i l d p l a c e s a n d t o e n s u r e
a h e a l t h y e n v i r o n m e n t f o r all l i f e o n t h e E a r t h . T h e N R D C c o m b i n e s h u n d r e d s of a c t i v e l a w y e r s
w i t h o v e r 1.2 m i l l i o n m e m b e r s t o c r e a t e d i r e c t a n d l e g i s l a t i v e c h a n g e . T h e f o c u s i s o n p r e v e n t i n g
climate change and s a v i n g endangered species, among other goals.

(15) Wildlife C o n s e r v a t i o n Society

D e v o t e d t o s a v i n g w i l d l i f e , t h e Wildlife Conservation Society i s u n i q u e i n t h a t i t r u n s a l a r g e
s y s t e m of u r b a n p a r k s . T h e o f f i c i a l s t a t e m e n t r e a d s : t h e Wildlife Conservation Society «saves
wildlife and w i l d lands t h r o u g h careful science, international c o n s e r v a t i o n , education, and t h e
m a n a g e m e n t of t h e w o r l d ' s l a r g e s t s y s t e m of u r b a n w i l d l i f e p a r k s * . T h e m i s s i o n of t h e o r g a n i z a ­
tion is to connect h u m a n s w i t h wildlife in the hope that interaction will inspire preservation of
endangered species.

This organization
A exists primarily to support bird conservation.
В is aimed to facilitate interaction between humans and wildlife i n order to inspire preservation
of e n d a n g e r e d s p e c i e s .
C i s o n e of t h e p r i n c i p a l m o s t w e l l - f u n d e d e n v i r o n m e n t a l o r g a n i z a t i o n s .
D is known for its militant and aggressive environmentalists.
E is often completely ignored by the current W h i t e House administration.
 F i s e n v i r o n m e n t a l a n d a l o t of i t s m e m b e r s are l a w y e r s .
G has the creator who was a cartoonist before.
H i s an i n d e p e n d e n t n o n - g o v e r n m e n t a l e n v i r o n m e n t a l i n t e r n a t i o n a l g r o u p of l e a d i n g r e s p e c t e d
scientists.

Task 4 ——
Read the text below. Choose from (A—H) the one which best fits each s p a c e (16—21). There are two
choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.
SKYPE A N D LANGUAGE LEARNING
W h y force students to y a w n (16) w h e n a r e a l - l i f e n a t i v e s p e a k e r i s o n l y a S k y p e call
a w a y ? A t M a r q u e t t e U n i v e r s i t y , S p a n i s h s t u d e n t s i m p r o v e t h e i r f o r e i g n l a n g u a g e s k i l l s w i t h fre­
quent webcam chats (17) counterparts in South America.
«I a b s o l u t e l y f e l l i n l o v e w i t h t h i s p r o g r a m * , w r o t e o n e s t u d e n t . P r o f e s s o r J a n e t B a n h i d i , t h e
brains behind the virtual language exchange, said Skype conversation gives students a surprisingly
authentic experience. A s a teacher (and fluent speaker), she can only give her students limited 1-on-l
attention. W i t h Skype, every student has weekly access to a free personal tutor.
P e r h a p s t h e g r e a t e s t b e n e f i t of u s i n g S k y p e i s t h e r a d i c a l ( 1 8 ) motivation. A whopping
8 5 . 3 % of J a n e t ' s s t u d e n t s k e p t i n t o u c h ( 1 9 ) o u t s i d e of t h e c l a s s r o o m t h r o u g h F a c e b o o k .
«In t h e e n d , t h e b e s t p a r t of t h i s e x c h a n g e w a s g a i n i n g a f r i e n d w h o m I s t i l l t a l k w i t h o n F a c e b o o k
today*, said one student. Additionally, t h o u g h (20) e n r o l l t o s i m p l y f u l f i l l a l a n g u a g e re­
quirement, many participants have gone on to major in Spanish from the experience. Students who go
above and beyond mandatory a s s i g n m e n t s will be (21) to remember class material and apply
it w h e n they get out into the working world.

A are b e c o m i n g m o r e s u c c e s s f u l
В over a textbook
C increase in
D s o m e of h e r s t u d e n t s
E more likely
F with their digital pen-pals
G with their English-learning
H time-wasting

: ~— _ Task 5 ——• \—— •—— :—>•——

Read the text below. For questions ( 2 2 — 3 3 ) c h o o s e the correct answer (А, В, C or D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
INSTANT MESSAGING
W h e n you (22) s o m e o n e f o r t h e f i r s t t i m e , d o y o u ask t h e i r A S L ? D o y o u LOL if t h e y c o m e
o u t w i t h s o m e t h i n g f u n n y , a n d s a y «CU L8er» w h e n y o u f i n i s h t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n ? ( 2 3 ) you
k n o w w h a t I ' m t a l k i n g a b o u t , t h e n y o u are ( 2 4 ) , a l r e a d y a u s e r of I n s t a n t M e s s a g i n g , or IM.
T h e i d e a b e h i n d IM i s s i m p l e . W h e n y o u s e n d s o m e o n e an e m a i l , y o u d o n ' t k n o w w h e n y o u
will get a (25) . Your friend m i g h t not check their m e s s a g e s , or m i g h t not use that email
(26) anymore. W i t h IM, h o w e v e r , a program on y o u r computer tells y o u w h e n a friend is
(27) . Y o u c a n t h e n s e n d a m e s s a g e t o y o u r f r i e n d , w h o c a n t y p e a r e p l y i n s t a n t l y . To do t h i s ,
y o u n e e d an IM p r o g r a m , s u c h a s A I M , ICQ, M S N M e s s e n g e r or W i n d o w s IM.
IM i s a l r e a d y h u g e l y p o p u l a r i n t h e U S A , w h e r e p e o p l e s p e n d f i v e t i m e s m o r e t i m e o n l i n e t h a n i n
Europe. (28) , IM i s s t a r t i n g t o t a k e off i n t h e U K , w i t h o v e r 3 , 0 0 0 p e o p l e ( 2 9 ) up to
M S N M e s s e n g e r a l o n e e v e r y d a y . W o r l d w i d e , A I M , t h e IM s e r v i c e p r o v i d e d b y A O L i s b y f a r t h e m o s t
p o p u l a r . It h a s 1 9 5 m i l l i o n u s e r s w h o s e n d a b o u t 1.6 b i l l i o n m e s s a g e s e v e r y d a y . ICQ, w h i c h i s o w n e d
b y A O L , h a s a b o u t 1 4 0 m i l l i o n m e s s e n g e r s , a n d M S N and W i n d o w s IM p u t t o g e t h e r h a v e a b o u t 7 5
million users.
T h e a d v a n t a g e s o f I M are (30) , but there is one very important disadvantage. You can
o n l y c o n t a c t s o m e o n e o n t h e s a m e (31) a s y o u . If y o u r f r i e n d i s u s i n g A I M , a n d y o u are u s i n g
M S N , y o u c a n n o t t a l k t o e a c h o t h e r . T h i s m a k e s IM l e s s u s e f u l t h a n i t s h o u l d b e . I m a g i n e if y o u c o u l d
n o t (32) an email from Hotmail to Yahoo. However, t h i n g s look like t h e y will change soon.
I n g e n e r a l , t h e f u t u r e l o o k s b r i g h t f o r IM. M a n y p r o g r a m s a l s o a l l o w y o u t o h a v e v o i c e c o n v e r s a ­
t i o n s , h a v e v i d e o c o n f e r e n c i n g — t h i s m e a n s y o u c a n s e e t h e o t h e r p e r s o n u s i n g a (33) — and
also l e t y o u s w a p p i c t u r e s , m u s i c a n d o t h e r f i l e s .
S o , p e r h a p s w e ' l l all s o o n b e a s k i n g s o m e o n e ' s a g e , s e x a n d l o c a t i o n ( A S L ) , a n d l a u g h i n g o u t l o u d
(LOL) w h e n t h e y s a y s o m e t h i n g f u n n y . S e e y o u l a t e r ( C U L8er)!

A В C D

22 experience meet know are introduced

23 Therefore Thus If So

24 probably doubtfully hardly ever never

25 reply repeat recite report

26 address number fax form

27 outline inline offline online

28 Despite Even However Notwithstanding

29 signing singing significant signalling

30 doubtful obvious uncertain deceitful

31 mail network computer driver

32 download file send print

33 floppy disc webcam microphone browser

•
' •
' Task 6
Read the text below. For questions (34—45) c h o o s e the correct answer (A, B, Cor D). Write your answers
on the separate answer sheet.
A f a r i n t h e N o r t h l a n d , (34) t h e w i n t e r d a y s are s o s h o r t a n d t h e n i g h t s s o l o n g , t h e r e ,
long ago, wandered a good Saint on the snowy roads.
H e (35) o n e d a y t o t h e d o o r of a c o t t a g e , a n d l o o k i n g i n , h e s a w a l i t t l e o l d w o m a n
(36) cakes, and baking t h e m on the fireplace.
T h e g o o d S a i n t a s k e d h e r if s h e (37) g i v e h i m one small cake as he was very hungry.
S o t h e l i t t l e o l d w o m a n m a d e a v e r y s m a l l c a k e a n d p l a c e d (38) on the fireplace; but as
i t l a y b a k i n g s h e l o o k e d at i t a n d t h o u g h t : « T h a t i s a b i g c a k e , i n d e e d , q u i t e t o o b i g f o r m e t o g i v e
(39) ».
T h e n s h e m a d e a n o t h e r c a k e , m u c h (40) , a n d l a i d t h a t o n t h e f i r e p l a c e to c o o k , b u t w h e n
she turned it over, it looked larger than the first.
 S o s h e t o o k a t i n y s c r a p o f d o u g h , a n d r o l l e d i t o u t , a n d r o l l e d i t o u t , a n d b a k e d i t (41) thin
as a w a f e r ; b u t w h e n i t (42) , i t l o o k e d s o l a r g e t h a t s h e (43) n o t bear t o p a r t w i t h it;
a n d s h e s a i d : « M y c a k e s are m u c h t o o b i g t o g i v e a w a y » , a n d s h e p u t t h e m o n t h e s h e l f .
Then the good Saint grew angry, for he was h u n g r y and faint. «You are too selfish to have a hu­
m a n f o r m » , h e s a i d . « Y o u are t o o g r e e d y t o d e s e r v e f o o d , s h e l t e r , a n d a w a r m f i r e . I n s t e a d , h e n c e ­
f o r t h , y o u (44) as t h e birds do, and get your scanty living by picking up n u t s and berries and
b y b o r i n g , b o r i n g all t h e d a y l o n g , i n t h e bark of t r e e s ».
A f t e r t h e g o o d S a i n t (45) this, the little old w o m a n w e n t s t r a i g h t up the chimney, and
came out at the top changed i n t o a red-headed woodpecker w i t h coal-black f e a t h e r s .
A n d n o w e v e r y c o u n t r y b o y m a y s e e h e r i n t h e w o o d s , w h e r e s h e l i v e s i n t r e e s b o r i n g , b o r i n g , bor­
ing for her food.

A В C D

34 where when who -what

35 come came coming had come

36 make makes to make making

37 shall should will would

38 he she it its

39 off away with up

40 small smaller less smaller smallest

41 such if as of

42 did is done was done be done

43 can could able unable

44 build is built will build would build

45 said be said has said had said

 Writing
46 W r i t e a l e t t e r of a p p l i c a t i o n f o r a job ( a t l e a s t 1 0 0 w o r d s ) . B e s u r e t o m e n t i o n :
— y o u r n a m e , d a t e of b i r t h ;
— w h a t p o s i t i o n y o u are a p p l y i n g f o r ;
— educational qualifications;
— a n y t r a i n i n g p r o g r a m m e s or a d d i t i o n a l c o u r s e s ;
— some special skills y o u have;
— y o u r job e x p e r i e n c e if y o u h a v e a n y .
Don't forget to g i v e s o m e contact information.
 T H E ANSI

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