ô˛ÀÖ-V>◊˝ EßÊ˛≈–ö˛$Ö& Δ>ÁŸâ B—-Δ>¬–ö˛Ö 12

∑
∞ƒÊ˝$-—$Ö-^ÈyÊ˛$.
øÊ˝*›Î-Δ>∞≤ Á≥«-÷-ÕÖ_ 10 Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-Δ>-ÀMʸ$ ’Á‹$¢Ø˲$ ∞ΔÊˇ~-Δˇ$$Ö-
^ÈyÊ˛$.˝
∑ Δ>⁄âÎ∞≤ hÃÍœ-À$V> —øÊ˝-hÖ_ Δˇ–˛Ø˲*≈ A´®-M>-ΔÊˇ$-ÀØ˲$ ∞ƒÊ˝$-—$Ö-
^ÈyÊ˛$.
∑ {Á≥Ü ¥ÎÀ-ØÈÖ-‘Ë˝ÖÚ≥O {ºsÏ˝ãŸ Á≥ΔÊˇ≈-–Û˛-Ñʸ-Mʸ$-ÀØ˲$ HΔ>μr$ ^Û˛‘ÈyÊ˛$.
–˛$så˝-M>ãú Á‹ÖÁ‹P-ΔÊˇ-◊˝-ÀØ˲$ –ö˛$«Öô˲ B´ßÊ˛$-±-Mʸ-«Ö-_Ø˲ Áú$Ø˲ô˲ ›ÎÀ-Δäˇ-
fÖ-V丮. Ì‹¥Î-Δˇ$$À ÜΔÊˇ$-Vʸ$-ªÍ-r$Ø˲$ A◊˝-_-–Û˛Ì‹ BÖVʸœ ¥ÎÀ-Mʸ$-ÀMʸ$
{Ô≥Ü ¥Î{ô˲$-y˛OØ˲ {Á≥´ßë-Ø˲-–ö˛$Ö{Ü ›ÎÀ-Δäˇ-fÖVä¸.
®Mʸ*fi_
ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍ-ßä˛ ∑ ›˘–ö˛$–ÈΔÊˇÖ 21 Ø˲–ö˛Ö∫ΔÊˇ$˛2022
›ÎÀ-Δäˇ-fÖVä¸ Á‹ÖÁ‹P-ΔÊˇ-◊˝À$ diksuchi@andhrajyothy.com
1853 &1883 –ö˛ΔÊˇMʸ$ ßëßë-Á≥#V> –ö˛$$Ú≥Oμ Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-Δ>À$
¥˘Œã‹ Á‹ÖÁ‹P-ΔÊˇ-◊˝À$
{Vʸ*ã≥&1 {Á≥´ßë-∞V> Á≥∞-^Û˛-Ì‹Ø˲ ›ÎÀ-Δäˇ-fÖVä¸ AØÛ˛Mʸ Á‹ÖÁ‹P-ΔÊˇ-◊˝-ÀØ˲$ {Á≥–Û˛-
‘Ë˝-Ú≥sÏ˝t B´ßÊ˛$-∞Mʸ ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛ ∞Δ>√-◊Í-∞Mϸ B´ßÊ˛$≈-yÏ˛V> ∞Õ- ∑ ∞gÍ-–ö˛$-ô¨˛ ı≥ΔÊˇ$ô¯ {Á≥ôÛ˛≈Mʸ ¥˘Œã‹ —øÍVÊ¸Ö HΔ>μ-sÒ˝OÖ®
–˛$Δˇ$$Øå˛fi ^ÈyÊ˛$.
Á≥«-¥Î-ÀØ˲ Á‹ÖÁ‹P-ΔÊˇ-◊˝À$
∑
∑
∑
–ö˛$Œ&-C&-Mˆ-ôÈ”Ãå˝ ı≥ΔÊˇ$ô¯ Ø˲VʸΔÊˇ ¥˘Œã‹ –ö˛≈–ö˛Á‹¶ ΔÊˇ*Á≥#-®-ßÊ˛$™-Mʸ$Ö®.
›Î¶∞Mʸ ı‹tÁŸ-Ø˲œMʸ$ "A“$-Øå˛-›Îªå˝' ı≥ΔÊˇ$ô¯ A´®-M>-ΔÊˇ$-ÀØ˲$ ∞ƒÊ˝$-—$Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$.
ØÛ˛Δ>À AßÊ˛$Á≥# M¯Á‹Ö ∞ΔÊˇÖ-ô˲ΔÊˇ Á≥ΔÊˇ≈-–Û˛-Ñʸ◊˝ EÖyÛ˛®.
{Á≥ôÛ˛≈MÊ¸Ö ∑ ßÊ˛‚Í« –ö˛≈–ö˛Á‹¶ "Á‹Δäˇ-Q-Ô‹¢'∞ ôˆÀ-WÖ_, ßë∞ ›Î¶Ø˲ÖÃZ
hÃÍœ ƒÊ˝$*∞-så˝V> "hÃÍœ-∫Ö©' —´ßë-ØÈ∞≤ HΔ>μr$ ^Û˛‘ÈyÊ˛$.
∑ Δ>f≈Ö Á‹$øÍ-À$V>, Á‹$øÍÀ$ hÃÍœ-À$V>, hÃÍœÀ$ ôÈÀ$- ∑
—ßë≈ Á‹ÖÁ‹P-ΔÊˇ-◊˝À$
BÖVʸœ —ßÊ˛≈ {¥Î´ßë-ØÈ≈∞≤ Vʸ«¢Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$
M>À$V> —øÊ˝-hÖ-^ÈΔÊˇ$. ØÈÀ$Vʸ$ Á‹$øÍÀ$, 16 hÃÍœÀ$, 74 ôÈÀ$- ∑ 1855ÃZØÛ˛ "ßëΔÊˇ$-Ãå˝&-E-Ãå˝&-E-À$–í˛$' ı≥ΔÊˇ$ô¯ CÖXœãŸ “$yÏ˛ƒÊ˝$Ö ¥ÎuÊˇ-‘È-
M>À ßë”Δ> Á≥«-¥Î-ÀØ˲ —MÛ¸Ö-{©-Mʸ-ΔÊˇ◊˝ f«-WÖ®. ÀØ˲$ HΔ>μr$ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$.
∑ ¥˘Œã‹, Δˇ–˛Ø˲*≈, ØÈ≈ƒÊ˝$, —ßÊ˛≈, BΔ¯Vʸ≈ –ö˛$Ö{Ü-ô˲”-‘È-QÀ$ HΔ>μr$ ∑ 1870ÃZ CÖf-±-«ÖVä¸ M>ÃÙ˝gå˝, Ì‹sÓ˝ ÚflO˝Á‹*PÃå˝, 1872ÃZ ^ÈßÊ˛-Δäˇ-Áú*så˝
Á‹*PÃå˝, 1873ÃZ Ø˲–È-∫$À Ì≥ÀœÀ M¯Á‹Ö {Á≥ôÛ˛≈Mʸ Á‹*PÀ$...-CÃÍ –˛$$ô˲¢Ö
ô˛ÀÖ-V>◊˝ EßÊ˛≈–ö˛$Ö AΔÊˇ¶Ö M>–È-ÀÖsÙ˝ –ö˛$$ŒP Vʸ$«Ö_
ô˛Õ-ƒÊ˝*Õ. ÃZô˲$V>, JMʸP-–ö˛$$-MʸPÃZ ^˛¥Îμ-ÀÖsÙ˝ "–ö˛$$ŒP.' ô˛ÀÖ-V>◊˝ øÍ–È-∞Mϸ –ö˛$*ÀÖ 162 ¥ÎuÊˇ-‘È-À-ÀØ˲$ HΔ>μr$ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$.
–ö˛$$ŒPÀ ΔÊˇÑʸ◊˝ M¯Á‹Ö ÁúΔ>√-ØÈÀ$
›ÎÀ-Δäˇ-fÖVä¸ Á‹ÖÁ‹P-ΔÊˇ-◊˝-ÀØ˲$ A–ö˛$À$ ^Û˛ƒÊ˝$yÊ˛Ö M¯Á‹Ö {Á≥ôÛ˛≈Mʸ E߯≈-W-

–ö˛$$ŒP EßÊ˛≈–ö˛$Ö
–ö˛$*ÃÍÀ Ø˲$Ö^Û˛ ô˛ÀÖ-V>◊˝ EßÊ˛≈–ö˛$Ö –˛$$ßÊ˛-ÃÒ˝OÖ®. Δ>ÁŸâ B—- ›Î”–ö˛$≈ –ö˛≈–ö˛Á‹¶ A–ö˛-Á‹-ΔÊˇ-–˛$OÖ®. D E߯≈-W-›Î”-–ö˛*≈∞≤ HΔ>μr$ ^Û˛Á‹$-M¯-
Δ>¬–ö˛ ßÊ˛‘Ë˝À$ AΔÊˇ¶Ö M>–ö˛-yë-∞Mϸ, –ö˛$$ŒP EßÊ˛≈–ö˛$ –ö˛yÊ˛Ö M¯Á‹Ö "›ÎÀ-Δäˇ-fÖVä¸' {ºsÏ˝ãŸ CÖyÏ˛ƒÊ˝* Ø˲$Ö_ ¥ÎÀ-ØÈ-´®-M>-ΔÊˇ$-ÀØ˲$
GMʸ$P–ö˛ iôÈ-Õ_a ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛ B‡”-∞Ö-^ÈyÊ˛$. “«ÃZ Eô˲¢-ΔÊˇ-{Á≥-ßÛ˛‘å˝ Ø˲$Ö_
Á≥«-◊Í–ö˛$ {Mʸ–ö˛$Ö ô˛Õ-ƒÊ˝*Õ. D ØÛ˛Á≥-£Ê˛≈Ö-ÃZØÛ˛ sÓ˝Gã-‹-Ô≥-GÔ‹fi "ºÃå˝-{V>—$', ªÒ˝ÖV>Ãå˝ Ø˲$Ö_ b˲sZ-¥Î-´ßë≈-ƒÊ˝$$À$, –ö˛${ßëã‹ Ø˲$Ö_ "BÖ{´ßÊ˛$À$'
Ì‹À-∫ã-‹Ø˲$ {ıú–í˛$ ^Û˛Ì‹Ø˲ ∞⁄Î~-ô˲$À$ ^˲«{ô˲ –ö˛$*ÃÍ-ÀØ˲$ A´®Mʸ Á‹ÖQ≈ÃZ –ö˛_a EØ˲≤ô˲ E߯≈-V>ÃZœ Ì‹¶ΔÊˇ-Á≥-yëzΔÊˇ$. “ΔÊˇ$ ›Î¶∞Mʸ {Á≥f-
ÀØ˲$ _Ø˲≤ ^˲*Á≥# ^˲*yÊ˛-›Î-V>ΔÊˇ$. ›Î¶∞-Mʸ$À$ “«∞ "®Vʸ$-–ö˛$Ü ßëΔÊˇ$-À$'V>
ÚflO˝{ßë-ªÍßä˛ Á‹Ö›Î¶ØË˛Ö B—-Δ>¬–ö˛Ö Ø˲$Ö_ ØÛ˛sÏ˝ –ö˛ΔÊˇMʸ* ¥˜ÖßÊ˛$- Vʸ$«¢Ö-^Û˛-–ÈΔÊˇ$. D –˛OΔÊˇ$´ßÊ˛≈Ö ô˲ΔÊˇ-–Èô˲ M>ÀÖÃZ –ö˛$$ŒP, V¸OΔäˇ –ö˛$$ŒPV> —øÊ˝-
fØ˲ ΔÛˇQ XÌ‹Ö®. ›Î¶∞-Mʸ$-ÀMʸ$ GMʸ$P–ö˛ A–ö˛-M>-‘ÈÀ$ C–ö˛”-ÀÖr* {Á≥fÀ$
Á≥-«-^ÈΔÊˇ$. ¥˘sÓ˝ Á≥»-Ñʸ-ÀMʸ$ Á‹ÖÌ‹ßÊ˛ÆÖ A–ö˛#-ô˲$Ø˲≤ AøÊ˝≈-ΔÊˇ$¶À$, ∞ΔÊˇ-Á‹-Ø˲À$ ^Û˛ƒÊ˝$-yÊ˛Ö-ô¯-¥Îr$, ∞gÍÖMʸ$ Á≥À$
{Á≥´ßë-Ø˲ÖV> {Vʸ*ã≥&1 –˛$Δˇ$$Øå˛fi M¯Á‹Ö ^˲ßÊ˛$-–ö˛#-ô˲$Ø˲≤ –ÈΔÊˇ$ –˛$–˛$$-Δ>Ö-yëÀ$ Á‹–ö˛$-«μÖ-^ÈΔÊˇ$. ›Î¶∞-Mʸ$À BÁ‹-Mʸ$¢-
øÊ˝*V¯‚Ê˝Ö: ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛ Á‹Ö›Î¶ØË˛Ö 82,968 ^˲ßÊ˛-ΔÊˇÁ≥# –˛$O‚Ê˝œ —Ô‹¢-ΔÊˇ~Öô¯ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. 1857 ô˲ΔÊˇ-–Èô˲ {Á≥–Û˛-‘Ë˝-Ú≥-sÏ˝tØ˲ ÀØ˲$ V˙ΔÊˇ-—Ö-_Ø˲ ∞gÍÖ {Á≥øÊ˝$ô˲”Ö ›Î¶∞-Mʸ$À A–ö˛-
–ö˛$$ŒP EßÊ˛≈–ö˛$Ö B—-Δ>¬–ö˛ Á≥«-Ì‹¶-ô˲$-ÀØ˲$, AÁ≥μsÏ˝ Mʸ*yÏ˛Ø˲ Δ>f≈Ö. øÍΔÊˇ-ô˲-ßÛ˛-‘Ë˝ÖÃZ f–ö˛$*√-Mʸ-÷√Δäˇ —$Ø˲‡ —$VʸôÈ Á‹Ö›Î¶-ØÈÀ ∑ {Ú≥O–Û˛så˝ Ú‹OØÈ≈∞≤ ΔÊˇßÊ˛$™ M>-‘È-ÀMʸ$ ΔÊˇÑʸ◊˝ MʸÕμÁ‹*¢ 1868ÃZ JMʸ V¸h-så˝Ø˲$
ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛ Á‹Ö›Î¶-Ø˲ÖÃZ Ø˛À-MˆØ˲≤ ›Î–ö˛*-hMʸ, B«¶Mʸ, MʸÖsÙ˝ —Ô‹¢-ΔÊˇ~-–˛$OÖ®. —$VʸôÈ Á‹Ö›Î¶-ØÈ-À-∞≤Ö-sÏ˝-MʸÖsÙ˝ GMʸ$P-–ö˛V> AÖsÙ˝ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. 1862ÃZ ôˆÕ-›Î-«V> Á‹ÖÁ‹P-ΔÊˇ-◊˝À$, Ì‹ÖVʸ-ΔÛˇ◊Ï˝ ªüVʸ$Yô¯ —yÊ˛$-ßÊ˛À ^Û˛Ì‹Ö®. B V¸h-så˝-ÃZØÛ˛ ôˆÕ-›Î-«V> A´®-M>-
Á‹$–ö˛*ΔÊˇ$ M¯sÏ˝ fØÈ-øÍØ˲$ MʸÕW EØ˲≤ {¥ÎÖô˲Ö. 22,500 {V>–ö˛*À$, 80 Á‹_-–È-À-ƒÊ˝$Ö/-Ú‹-{Mʸ-sÙ˝-«-ƒÊ˝$- ÀøÊ˝≈-–˛$OØ˲ AßÊ˛-Ø˲Á≥# BßëƒÊ˝$Ö, «-MʸÖV> "–ö˛$$ŒP' AØÛ˛ Á≥ßÊ˛Ö EÁ≥-ƒÒ˝*-WÖ-^ÈΔÊˇ$.
Δ>f-MÓ¸ƒÊ˝$ AÖ‘È-ÀØ˲$ ô˛À$-Á‹$-M¯-–ö˛yÊ˛Ö ô˲Á≥μ-∞-Á‹«. Á≥rt-◊ÍÀ$, 18,000 ^˲ßÊ˛-ΔÊˇÁ≥# –˛$O‚Ê˝œ Ar“ —Ô‹¢ΔÊˇ~Ö D Á‹Ö›Î¶ØË˛Ö ›˜Öô˲Ö. så˝Ø˲$ HΔ>μr$ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. ô˲ΔÊˇ-–Èô˲ M>ÀÖÃZ D –ö˛$$ŒPÀ ΔÊˇÑʸ◊˝ M¯Á‹Ö
Δˇ–˛Ø˲*≈ Á‹ÖÁ‹P-ΔÊˇ-◊˝À$ "Á‹ΔäˇQ-Ì‹¢(-ßÊ˛‚Í«)' –ö˛≈–ö˛Á‹¶ °Ì‹-–Û˛- MˆØ˲-›Î-WØ˲ EßÊ˛≈-–ö˛*ÃÙ˝ "–ö˛$$ŒP' EßÊ˛≈-–ö˛*-À$V>
ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛ Á‹Ö›Î¶ØË˛Ö ßÊ˛MʸPØå˛ –ö˛$Δ>v ßÊ˛MʸPØå˛ MʸØ˲≤yÊ˛ ô˛ÀÖ-V>◊˝ hÃÍœÀ$ Vʸ$«¢ÖÁ≥# ¥˜ÖßëΔˇ$$.
LΔÊˇÖ-Vʸ-ªÍßä˛ ΩßÊ˛-Δäˇ -–ö˛-ΔÊˇÖ-VʸÃå˝ AÁ≥μsÏ˝ Δˇ–˛Ø˲*≈ –ö˛$Ö{Ü –ö˛$$Q$-ΔÊˇÖ&- ƒÊ˝$yÊ˛Ö ßë”Δ> –ö˛_aØ˲ {Á≥ô˲≈Ñʸ –ö˛$$WÖÁ≥#
1724ÃZ –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ ∞gÍÖV> Ì≥Õ-_Ø˲ Mʸ{–ö˛$$-©™Øå˛ _Øå˛ MϸÕ^å˛ RÍØå˛ LΔÊˇÖ-Vʸ- E›Î√-ØÈ-ªÍßä˛ Vʸ$ÀæΔ>Y Mʸ»Ö-Ø˲-VʸΔäˇ A-Ãå˝&-ß˙À ∫Áfl˝-ßÊ˛*™Δäˇ B´ßÊ˛”-ΔÊˇ≈ÖÃZ BßëƒÊ ˝$Ö ∞gÍÖ M>ÀÖ- Ø ÈsÏ ˝
ªÍßä˛ Δ>f-´ßë-∞V> BÁ‹ã-ú-gÍÔfl˝ Δ>gÍ≈∞≤ HΔ>μr$ ^Û˛‘ÈyÊ˛$. 1763ÃZ ÚflO˝ßÊ˛- Ωyä˛ Δ>ƒÊ˝$-^˲*Δäˇ B®-ÃÍ-ªÍßä˛ 1864ÃZ Δˇ–˛Ø˲*≈ ªZΔÊˇ$zØ˲$ HΔ>μr$ ¥˘sÓ˝ Á≥»-ÑʸÀ M¯Á‹Ö Ì‹ßÊ˛ÆÖ A–ö˛#-ô˲$Ø˲≤ AøÊ˝≈-ΔÊˇ$¶À$
Δ>-ªÍßä˛ Ü«W Δ>f-´ßë-∞V> ô˲Ø˲ MÛ¸Ö{ßÊ˛ ºÖßÊ˛$–ö˛# –ö˛≈–ö˛-Á‹¶Ø˲$ ∞«√Ö-^˲$-Mʸ$Ö®. ØÈÖßÛ˛yä˛ ∞gÍ-–ö˛*-ªÍßä˛ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. 1875ÃZØÛ˛ ôˆÕ-›Î-«V> øõV¯-„Mʸ B«¶Mʸ –ö˛≈–ö˛-Á‹¶Ø˲$ Á‹$Á‹ÖÁ≥Ø˲≤Ö ô˛ÀÖ-V>◊˝ Δ>ÁŸâ HΔ>μr$ EßÊ˛≈–ö˛$ ÁúÕ-ô˲-–ö˛$ØÛ˛ —ÁŸ-
1798, 1800 Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-Δ>ÃZœ ΔˇÖy¯ ∞gÍÖ Ø˲–È∫$ "∞gÍÖ AŒ' {ºsÏ˝-ÁŸ-ΔÊˇœô¯ Á‹ΔÛˇ” ∞ΔÊˇ”-Ìfl˝Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. ƒÊ˝*∞≤ {VʸÌfl˝Ö-^ÈÕ. D EßÊ˛≈-–ö˛*À –ö˛$*À
JMʸ JÁ≥μÖßÊ˛Ö ^Û˛Á‹$-Mʸ$-ØÈ≤yÊ˛$. ÁúÕ-ô˲ÖV> AÁ‹ã-ú-gÍÔfl˝ Δ>f≈Ö {ºsÏ˝ãŸ Á≥ΔÊˇæ± –˛$ßÊ˛Mä¸ ∑ Δˇ–˛Ø˲*≈ –ö˛Á‹*-‚Ê˝œ-M¯Á‹Ö ô˲Áfl˝-Ì‹-ÃÍ™Δäˇ, ^Û˛›ÎΔˇ$$. ^˲«-{ô˲Ø˲$ AΔÊˇ¶Ö ^Û˛Á‹$-Mʸ$ØÛ˛ {Á≥ƒÊ˝$ô˲≤Ö
›Î{–ö˛*-gÍ≈-∞Mϸ Mˆ∞≤ Á≥«-—$-ô˲$-ÀMʸ$ ÃZ∫yÏ˛ ∞ƒÊ˝$Ö-{Üô˲ Δ>f≈ÖV> –ö˛*«Ö®. A{ôÈãú ∫ÃÍ™ WΔ>™-–ö˛Δäˇ –ö˛≈–ö˛-Á‹¶À$ HΔ>μr$ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. ^Û˛ƒÊ˝*Õ. A´ßÊ˛≈-ƒÊ˝$-Ø˲ÖÃZ ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛
1857 Ì‹¥Î-Δˇ$$À ÜΔÊˇ$-Vʸ$-ªÍ-r$Mʸ$ –ö˛$ßÊ˛Æ-ô˲$V>, Δ¯Ìfl˝ÃÍœ ØÈƒÊ˝$-Mʸ$yÊ˛$ ô˲${ΔÛˇ- Ø˲Àœ-VˆÖyÊ˛ ∑ ØÈ◊ÍÀ –ö˛$${ßÊ˛◊˝ Á≥N«¢V> {Á≥øÊ˝$ô˲” Á‹Ö›Î¶ØË˛Ö Ø˲$Ö_ ØÛ˛sÏ˝ –ö˛ΔÊˇMʸ$ ›ÎÖÌú$Mʸ,
ªÍgå˝ RÍØå˛, –ö˛òÕ” AÃÍœ-E-©™Øå˛, Á‹$Δ>-Á≥#ΔÊˇÖ Á‹Ö›Î¶-ØÈ-´®-Á≥Ü –˛ÖMʸ-r-Á≥μƒÊ˝$≈, –ö˛$Áfl˝-∫*-ªå˝-Ø˲-VʸΔäˇ B´©-Ø˲Ö-ÃZMϸ –ö˛_a, ∞gÍÖ ‡Œ Ì‹M>PÀ$, {ºsÏ˝ãŸ MʸÃÍ™Δäˇ ΔÊˇ*¥Î-Δˇ$$À$ ›ÎÖÁ‹Pñ-ÜMʸ, Δ>f-MÓ¸ƒÊ˝$, B«¶Mʸ ΔÊˇÖV>ÃZœ
–ö˛$$ÖßÊ˛«Y ¡–í˛$-Δ>–ö˛#, MÛ¸Àã‹ f“$Ö-ßëΔäˇ ΔÊˇÖV>-Δ>–ö˛# ô˲®-ô˲-ΔÊˇ$À$ ÜΔÊˇ$-Vʸ$- ∑ Δ>f-´ßë∞: ÚflO˝ßÊ˛Δ>ªÍßä˛ —∞-–ö˛$-ƒÊ˝$Ö-ÃZMϸ –ö˛^ÈaΔˇ$$. Á‹ÖøÊ˝-—-Á‹$¢Ø˲≤ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$μ-ÀØ˲$ Á≥«-÷-ÕÁ‹*¢ {Á≥ôÛ˛≈Mʸ دså˝fiØ˲$ Δ>Á‹$-M¯-–ÈÕ. {Á≥´ßë-
ªÍr$œ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. D {Mʸ–ö˛$ÖÃZ 5–ö˛ ∞gÍÖ Δ>k AÁúj-À$-©™-ب˛ BßÛ˛-‘È-À-–Û˛$- ØÈ≈ƒÊ˝$ -Á‹Ö-Á‹P-ΔÊˇ-◊˝À$ Ø˲ÖV> –˛$Δˇ$$Øå˛fi {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À Á‹–ö˛*-´ßë-ØÈÃZœ Á‹μÁŸtô˲,
ΔÊˇMʸ$ AÁ≥μsÏ˝ {Á≥´ßë∞ –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ ›ÎÀ-Δäˇ-fÖVä¸ B ÜΔÊˇ$-Vʸ$-ªÍ-rœØ˲$ A◊˝-_-–Û˛-‘ÈyÊ˛$. ôˆÕ B´ßÊ˛$-∞Mʸ Á‹ÖÁ‹P-ΔÊˇ-◊˝À$ Á‹ΔÊˇ-‚Ê˝ô˲, {Á≥‘Ë˝≤Mʸ$ AØ˲$-Vʸ$-◊˝≈-–˛$OØ˲ Á‹–ö˛*-´ßë-ØÈÀ$
ÁúÕ-ô˲ÖV> {ºsÏ˝ãŸ Δ>f≈ ¥ÎÀ-Mʸ$À {Á≥ôÛ˛≈Mʸ AÜ-§V> "yëMʸtΔäˇ Bãú ÃÍ' ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛ Á‹Ö›Î¶-Ø˲ÖÃZ ôˆÕ B´ßÊ˛$-∞Mʸ Á‹ÖÁ‹P-ΔÊˇ-◊˝À M¯Á‹Ö {Á≥ƒÊ˝$ô˲≤Ö B´ßÊ˛$-∞Mʸ ƒÊ˝$$Δ¯-Ì≥-ƒÊ˝$Øå˛ ØÈ≈ƒÊ˝$ –ö˛≈–ö˛-Á‹¶Ø˲$ AØ˲$-Á‹-«Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. Δ>ƒÊ˝$-Vʸ-À-V>Õ.
ºΔÊˇ$ßÊ˛$ ¥˜ÖßëyÊ˛$. ^Û˛Ì‹-Ø˲-–È-«ÃZ {ºsÏ˝ãŸ ΔˇÌ‹-y˛Öså˝ Á‹Δäˇ ^ÈΔˇœã‹ –˛$så˝-M>ãú(1820&1825) ∑ 1870ÃZ ÚflO˝M¯-ΔÊˇ$tØ˲$ ›Î¶Ì≥Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$.
1857 ô˲ΔÊˇ-–Èô˲ {Á≥–Û˛-‘Ë˝-Ú≥-sÏ˝tØ˲ Á‹ÖÁ‹P-ΔÊˇ-◊˝À$, Ì‹ÖVʸ-ΔÛˇ◊Ï˝ ªüVʸ$Yô¯ ÀøÊ˝≈-–˛$OØ˲ –ö˛$$Q$≈À$. ∑ ôˆÕ-›Î-«V> {Mϸ—$-Ø˲Ãå˝ M¯ΔÊˇ$tØ˲$ HΔ>μr$ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. yë-MʸtΔäˇ «ƒÊ˝*gå˝
AßÊ˛-Ø˲Á≥# BßëƒÊ˝$Ö, "Á‹Δäˇ-Q-Ì‹¢(-ßÊ˛-‚Í«)' –ö˛≈–ö˛Á‹¶ °Ì‹-–Û˛-ƒÊ˝$yÊ˛Ö ßë”Δ> –ö˛_aØ˲ ∑ Ú‹O∞Mʸ ∫À-V>-ÀØ˲$ ô˲WYÖ_, {Á≥øÊ˝$ô˲” –ö˛≈ƒÊ˝*∞≤ ∑ AØÈ-Vʸ-«Mʸ ’ÑʸÀ$ ∞ıŸ-´®Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. Ô‹∞-ƒÊ˝$Δäˇ ∏Î≈Mʸ-Œt, AMʸyÊ˛-—$Mä¸ y˛OΔˇ-MʸtΔäˇ,
{Á≥ô˲≈Ñʸ BßëƒÊ˝$Ö ∞gÍÖ M>ÀÖ-ØÈsÏ˝ B«¶Mʸ –ö˛≈–ö˛-Á‹¶Ø˲$ Á‹$Á‹Ö-Á≥Ø˲≤Ö ∞ƒÊ˝$Ö-{ô˲-◊˝-ÃZMϸ °Á‹$-Mʸ$∞ –ö˛^ÈayÊ˛$. ∑ fyÓ˛jÀ ∞ƒÊ˝*-–ö˛$MÊ¸Ö –ö˛Ö‘Ë˝-¥Î-ΔÊˇÖ-Á≥-ΔÊˇ≈ÖV> 5 –ö˛$Ö{ô˲ M¸»Δäˇ ¥ÎΔˇ$$Öså˝, ÚflO˝-ßÊ˛Δ>-ªÍ-ßä˛
^Û˛‘ÈΔˇ$$. ∑ Á≥Ø˲$≤À –ö˛Á‹*‚Ê˝œ M¯Á‹Ö {Á≥ôÛ˛≈Mʸ ôÈÀ$-Mä¸-ßë-ΔÊˇœØ˲$ EÖyÊ˛-sÍ∞≤ ôˆÀ-WÖ-^ÈΔÊˇ$.

sÓ˝Gã‹Ô≥GÔ‹fi Á≥»-ÑʸÀ {Á≥ôÛ˛≈-MÊ¸Ö ¥˘sÓ˝ Á≥»-ÑʸÃZœ B«¶Mʸ AÖ‘È-ÀMʸ$ {¥Î´ßëØ˲≈Ö Ú≥«- Á≥Ø˲$≤ Δ>∫-yÊ˛$-ÀØ˲$ AÖ^˲ØÈ –Û˛Ì‹Ö®. –˛$OØÈ-»tÀ$ 1,728.70 M¯r$œ —ßë≈-‘È-QMʸ$ MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$Ö-Á≥#À$
WÖ®. CÖßÊ˛$ÃZ ∫y˛jså˝ MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$Ö-Á≥#À$, Mˆô˲¢ {¥ÎgÒ˝- ∑ ßÛ˛‘Ë˝Ö-ÃZ∞ Δ>⁄âÎÀ$ ^Û˛Á‹$¢Ø˲≤ A¿-–ö˛ñ®Æ –ö˛≈ƒÊ˝$Öô¯ ô˛ÀÖ- –˛$$ô˲¢Ö 31,466.53 M¯r$œ 1) ¥ÎuÊˇ-‘ÈÀ —ßë≈-‘ÈQ 13,685.48 M¯r$œ
Δ>ÁŸâ-Á≥Ü Mä¸tÀ$ ô˲®-ô˲ΔÊˇ AÖ‘È-ÀÚ≥O AøÊ˝≈-ΔÊˇ$¶À$ ô˲Á≥μ-∞-Á‹-«V> V>◊˝ ΔˇÖy¯-›Î¶-Ø˲ÖÃZ EÖ®. –˛$$ßÊ˛-sÏ˝-›Î¶-Ø˲ÖÃZ V¯–È ∞Õ- {Á≥´ßëØ˲ {¥ÎgÒ˝-Mʸ$t-ÀMʸ$ MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$Ö-Á≥#À$ 2) EØ˲≤-ô˲-—ßÊ˛≈ 1962.77 M¯r$œ
Ñʸ–ö˛*-¿Ñʸ ΔÊˇM>-À$ ßÊ˛ñÌŸt- ›Î-«Ö-^ÈÕ. CÖßÊ˛$ÃZ øÍVʸÖV> JMʸ-›Î« ô˛ÀÖ- _Ö®. 1) M>‚Ù˝-‘Ë˝”ΔÊˇÖ {¥ÎgÒ˝Mʸ$t 12,000 M¯r$œ 3) ›ÎÖMÛ¸-ÜMʸ —ßÊ˛≈ 394.92 M¯r$œ
∑ D B«¶Mʸ Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fiΔÊˇÖ BÌ‹-∏Î-ªÍßä˛, øÊ˝*¥Î-À-Á≥Õœ, —M>- 2) ¥ÎÀ-–ö˛$*-ΔÊˇ$&-ΔÊˇÖ-V>-ΔˇyÏ˛z 2,000 M¯r$œ –˛$$ô˲¢Ö 16,043.17 M¯r$œ
1) ¥ÎΔÊˇzØå˛: ©-∞ßë”Δ> ØÛ˛ΔÊˇ-Á‹$¶-∞Mϸ ’Ñʸ Ø˲$Ö_ Á≥N«¢ V>◊˝ ∫y˛j-så˝Ø˲$ Á≥«-÷-Õßë™Ö. Δ>-ªÍßä˛, Ì‹«-Ì‹Àœ, fØ˲-V>–ö˛$, M>–ö˛*-ΔˇyÏ˛z, Mʸ»Ö-Ø˲-VʸΔäˇ, 3) Ô‹ôÈ-Δ>–ö˛$ GÜ¢-¥˘-ô˲À$ 940 M¯r$œ
—$Ø˲-‡-Δˇ$$Ö-Á≥#Ø˲$ MʸÕμ-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$ 2) Mʸ–ö˛$*≈-sÙ˝-ÁŸØå˛: ©-∞ÃZ ô˛ÀÖ-V>◊˝ ∫y˛j-så˝Ø˲$ 2022&23 Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-Δ>-∞Mϸ Δ>ÁŸâ B«¶-Mʸ- Q–ö˛$√Ö hÃÍœÃZœ {Á≥øÊ˝$ô˲” –˛OßÊ˛≈ Mʸ‚Í-‘È-ÀÀ$ –ö˛$ÖlΔÊˇ$ 4) ßÛ˛–È-ßÊ˛$À 350 M¯r$œ –˛OßÊ˛≈-‘È-QMʸ$ MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$Ö-Á≥#À$(2022&23)
’Ñʸ Á‹”øÍ-–È∞≤ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. M>± ’Ñʸ-M>ÀÖ ô˲WYÖ- –ö˛$Ö{Ü Áfl˝»ã-ŸΔ>–ö˛# 2022 –ö˛*«a 7Ø˲ ‘ÈÁ‹-Ø˲-Á‹-øÊ˝ÃZ {Á≥–Û˛-‘Ë˝- ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. 5) MʸÖô˲-Ø˲-Á≥Õœ 43 M¯r$œ 1) –˛OßÊ˛≈-—-´ßëØ˲ Á≥«-ÁŸ-ôå˛ÃZ
^˲yÊ˛Ö fΔÊˇ-VʸßÊ˛$. EßëÁfl˝-ΔÊˇ-◊˝Mʸ$ BΔÛˇ‚Ê˝œ MʸvØ˲ M>Δ>-V>ΔÊˇ Ú≥-sÍtΔÊˇ$. D ∫y˛j-så˝Ø˲$ ‘ÈÁ‹-Ø˲-–ö˛$Ö-yÊ˛-ÕÃZ Δ¯yÊ˛$œ øÊ˝–ö˛-ØÈ-À- ∑ –ö˛^Û˛a B«¶Mʸ Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-ΔÊˇÖÃZ 2023&24ÃZ –˛$ßÊ˛Mä¸, –Û˛$yÊ˛aÃå˝, 6) GÀœÖ-Á≥Õœ –ö˛ΔÊˇßÊ˛ M>À$–ö˛ 220 M¯r$œ
’ÑʸØ˲$ BΔÊˇ$ Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-Δ>À ›Î´ßë-ΔÊˇ◊˝ ’ÑʸV> –ö˛*ΔÊˇa-yÊ˛Ö. ‘ÈQ –ö˛$Ö{Ü –Û˛–ö˛$$À {Á≥‘ÈÖ-ôå˛-ΔˇyÏ˛z {Á≥–Û˛-‘Ë˝-Ú≥-sÍtΔÊˇ$. ∫y˛jså˝ ΔÊˇÖV>-ΔˇyÏ˛z, –ö˛$$À$Vʸ$, –ö˛ΔÊˇÖ-VʸÃå˝, ØÈΔ>-ƒÊ˝$-◊˝-ı≥r, Vʸßë”À 7) ØÈV>-ΔÊˇ$j-Ø˲-›Î-VʸΔäˇ 170 M¯r$œ BÁ‹μ-{ô˲$À A¿-–ö˛ñ®Æ 250 M¯r$œ
3) «—$-ÁŸØå˛: ©-∞ÃZ ’Ñʸ Á‹”øÍ–ö˛Ö –ö˛*ΔÊˇa-Mʸ$Öyë, AÖ^˲-ØÈÀ$ D—-´ßÊ˛ÖV> EØÈ≤Δˇ$$. ƒÊ˝*ßë{® hÃÍœÃZœ –˛OßÊ˛≈ Mʸ‚Í-‘È-ÀÀ$ HΔ>μr$ ^Û˛›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. 8) Gã‹-G-Ãå˝-ΩÔ‹ 180 M¯r$œ 2) LÁŸ-´ßë-ÀMʸ$ 377.43 M¯r$œ
’Ñʸ-M>ÀÖ –ö˛*{ô˲–Û˛$ –ö˛*-ΔÊˇ$›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. EßëÁfl˝-ΔÊˇ-◊˝Mʸ$ BΔÊˇ$ –˛$$ô˲¢Ö ∫y˛jså˝ AÖ^˲ØÈ & ΔÊˇ*.2,56,958 M¯r$œ ∑ Ô‹Ì≥-Gã‹ E߯≈-Vʸ$-ÀMʸ$ ∏Î≈—$Œ Ú≥Ø˲¤Øå˛ A–ö˛$À$ ^Û˛›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. 9) yÏ˛ÖyÏ˛ 300 M¯r$œ 3) 104 –ÈÁfl˝-ØÈ-ÀMʸ$ 15 M¯r$œ
Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-Δ>À Mʸv-Ø˲ M>Δ>-V>ΔÊˇ ’ÑʸØ˲$ Δˇ–˛Ø˲*≈ Δ>∫yÏ˛ & ΔÊˇ*.1,93,029 M¯r$œ ∑ iÚfl˝-^å˛-GÖÔ‹ Á≥«-´®ÃZ EØ˲≤ 256 ∫Ô‹¢ ßÊ˛–È-RÍ-ØÈÀ 10) Ø˛sÒ˝tÖ-¥ÎyÊ˛$ 120 M¯r$œ 4) 108 –ÈÁfl˝-ØÈ-ÀMʸ$ 30 M¯r$œ
ØÈÀ$Vʸ$ Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-Δ>À MʸvØ˲ M>Δ>- CÖyÏ˛-ƒÊ˝$Øå˛ Ú≥r$t-∫-yÊ˛$À$ Δ>∫-yÊ˛$À$ & ΔÊˇ*.63,832 M¯r$œ Á‹ÖQ≈ 350Mʸ$ Ú≥Ö^˲-Ø˲$-ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$. Δ>ÁŸâ-–È≈-Á≥¢ÖV> Á≥#ΔÊˇ-¥Î-Õ- 11) GÀœÖ-Á≥Õœ 350 M¯r$œ 5) 102 –ÈÁfl˝-ØÈ-ÀMʸ$(A–ö˛$√-JyÏ˛) 5 M¯r$œ
V>ΔÊˇ ’ÑʸV> –ö˛*ΔÊˇa-yÊ˛Ö Δˇ–˛Ø˲*≈ –ö˛≈ƒÊ˝$Ö & ΔÊˇ*.1,89,274 M¯r$œ Mʸ-ÃZœØ˲* 60 ∫Ô‹¢ ßÊ˛–È-RÍ-ØÈÀ HΔ>μr$. 12) MʸÀ”-Mʸ$«¢ 175 M¯r$œ 6) Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛-Ô‹ÃZœ Á≥«-Mʸ-Δ>-ÀMʸ$ 50 M¯r$œ
¥ÎÕ-sÓ˝ Ú≥r$t-∫yÏ˛ –ö˛≈ƒÊ˝$Ö & ΔÊˇ*.29,728 M¯r$œ ∑ BΔ¯-Vʸ≈{÷ _Mϸ-ô˲fiÃZ øÍVʸÖV> {Á≥Á‹$¢ôË˛Ö JM¯P Mʸ$r$Ö-ªÍ- 13) ¡–ö˛* GÜ¢-¥˘-ô˲À$ 55 M¯r$œ 7) hÃÍœ {¥ÎÖ°ƒÊ˝$ BÁ‹μ-{ô˲$ÃZœ
øÍΔÊˇô˲ Δ>gÍ≈ÖVÊ¸Ö Δˇ–˛Ø˲*≈ —$Vʸ$À$
{ßÊ˛–ö˛≈-ÃZr$
&
&
ΔÊˇ*.3,754 M¯r$œ
ΔÊˇ*.52,167 M¯r$œ
∞Mϸ ΔÊˇ*.2 ÀÑʸÀ –ö˛ΔÊˇMʸ* Vʸ«ÁŸx Á≥«-—$Ü EÖ®. ©∞∞
ΔÊˇ*.5 ÀÑʸ-ÀMʸ$ Ú≥Ö^ÈΔÊˇ$.
14) M¯Δˇ$$-Ãå˝-›Î-VʸΔäˇ
15) ∞gÍÖ-›Î-VʸΔäˇ
45 M¯r$œ
140 M¯r$œ ‘Ë˝Á‹à-_-Mϸô˲fi –ö˛Á‹$¢-–ö˛#-ÀMʸ$
8) ªZ´ßÊ˛Ø˲ BÁ‹μ-{ô˲$ÃZœ
75 M¯r$œ

Δ>f-MÓ¸ƒÊ˝$ –ö˛≈–ö˛Á‹¶ {¥Î£Ê˛-—$Mʸ ÃZr$

∫y˛jså˝ –ö˛$$RÍ≈Ö-‘ÈÀ$
& ΔÊˇ*.33,255 M¯r$œ ∑ Δ>ÁŸâÖÃZ Vʸ$Öy˛, M>ÃÙ˝ƒÊ˝$Ö, ªZØå˛-–ö˛*≈Δ¯ ô˲®-ô˲ΔÊˇ A–ö˛-
ƒÊ˝$–ö˛ –ö˛*«μyÏ˛ ‘Ë˝Á‹à-_-Mϸ-ô˲fi-ÀMʸ$ BΔ¯-Vʸ≈{÷ ßë”Δ> Á≥®
ÀÑʸÀ$ –ö˛ΔÊˇMʸ$ ^˛Õœ-Á‹$¢-ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$.
16) ÃZƒÊ˝$Δäˇ Ú≥Øå˛-VʸÖV>
17) Ô‹.D.-B-®-ÃÍ-ªÍßä˛ Á≥«´®
277 M¯r$œ
320 M¯r$œ
18) {÷‘˝OÀÖ GyÊ˛-–ö˛$-Vʸr$t M>À$–ö˛ 178.58 M¯r$œ
∞Δ>Æ-ΔÊˇ◊˝ Á≥»-Ñʸ-ÀMʸ$
–ö˛$$Q≈ ‘ÈQ-ÀMʸ$ MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$Ö-Á≥#-À$
250 M¯r$œ
∑ Δ>ÁŸâÖÃZ ôˆÕ –ö˛$Ìfl˝‚Í —‘Ë˝”-—-ßë≈-ÀƒÊ˝$Ö, Ar“ –ö˛«fisÓ˝ ∑ {Á≥øÊ˝$ô˲” BÁ‹μ-{ô˲$ÃZœ ÑʸƒÊ˝$, M>≈Ø˲fiΔäˇ ô˲®-ô˲ΔÊˇ Δ¯Vʸ$-ÀMʸ$ 19) {÷Δ>-–ö˛$-›Î-VʸΔäˇ –ö˛ΔÊˇßÊ˛ M>À$–ö˛ 220 M¯r$œ (-ΔÊˇ*.-M¯-rœÃZ) 2022&23
4) ΔˇÚ‹Oμ-så˝: Hß˛OØÈ JMʸ {Á≥ôÛ˛≈Mʸ M>ΔÊˇ-◊Í∞≤ ßÊ˛ñÌŸÃZ HΔ>μr$ ^Û˛ƒÊ˝$-Ø˲$-Ø˲≤r$œ {Á≥Mʸ-sÏ˝Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. ∫À-–ö˛-ΔÊˇ¶Mʸ B‡-Δ>∞≤ AÖ®Ö-^Û˛Ö-ßÊ˛$Mʸ$ B‡ΔÊˇ ^È»j-ÀØ˲$ 20) _Ø˲≤-ô˲-ΔÊˇ‡ ±sÏ˝-¥Î-ΔÊˇ$-ßÊ˛À 1245 M¯r$œ
EÖ^˲$Mˆ∞ Ñʸ–ö˛*-¿Ñʸ Ú≥rt-yë∞≤ ΔˇÚ‹Oμså˝ AÖsÍ-ΔÊˇ$. ∑ –ö˛$Δ¯ G∞-—$® –˛OßÊ˛≈ Mʸ‚Í-‘È-ÀÀ HΔ>μ-r$Mʸ$ ΔÊˇ*.1000 JM¯P Á≥yÊ˛-MʸMʸ$ 56 ΔÊˇ*¥Î-ƒÊ˝$À Ø˲$Ö_ 112 ΔÊˇ*¥Î-ƒÊ˝$- 21) –ö˛$´ßÊ˛≈-ô˲-ΔÊˇ‡ {¥ÎgÒ˝-Mʸ$tÀ$ 283 M¯r$œ 1) B«¶MÊ¸Ö 43,088 M¯r$œ
5) «{Á≥-Δˇ$$–í˛: ’Ñʸ A–ö˛$À$Ø˲$ –È-Δˇ$$ßë –Û˛ƒÊ˝$-yÊ˛Ö. 2) –ö˛≈–ö˛-›ÎƒÊ˝$Ö 24,254 M¯r$œ
∑ Ñʸ–ö˛*-¿Ñʸ Ì≥sÏ˝-ÁŸØå˛Ø˲$ G∞≤›Î--ΔÊˇœ-Δˇ$$ØÈ AÔ≥μÃå˝
^Û˛Á‹$-M¯-–ö˛^˲$a. M>± –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ AÔ≥μÃå˝Mʸ$ –ö˛*{ô˲–Û˛$ «{Á≥-
Δˇ$$-–í˛Mʸ$ A–ö˛M>‘Ë˝Ö EÖr$Ö®.
∑ Ú≥OØ˲ ı≥ΔˆPØ˲≤ Ñʸ–ö˛*-¿-Ñ>--´®-M>-Δ>-ÀØ˲$ Δ>ÁŸâ-Á≥Ü
MÛ¸Ö{ßÊ˛ –ö˛$Ö{Ü-–ö˛$Ö-yÊ˛Õ Á‹-À‡ –Û˛$ΔÊˇMʸ$ ∞-ΔÊˇ”Ìfl˝-›Î¢-ΔÊˇ$.
ô˛ÀÖ-V>◊˝ ∫y˛jså˝ 3) ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ Á≥yÊ˛-MʸÀ C‚Ê˝ìœ
4) A∞≤ Á‹ÖÑÛ¸–ö˛$ ‘ÈQ-ÀMʸ$
5) Δ¯yÊ˛$œ øÊ˝–ö˛-ØÈÀ$
6) BÁ‹Δ> Ì≥Ö^˲Ø˲$œ
12,000 M¯r$œ
31,466 M¯r$œ
23,191 M¯r$œ
11,728 M¯r$œ
Ñʸ–ö˛*-¿Ñʸ A´®M>-ΔÊˇÖÚ≥O ØÈ≈ƒÊ˝$-Á‹-“$-Ñʸ
∑ Δ>gÍ≈ÖVÊ¸Ö {Á≥M>ΔÊˇÖ Ñʸ–ö˛*-¿-ÑʸÚ≥O ØÈ≈ƒÊ˝$-Á‹-“$ÑʸMʸ$
A–ö˛M>‘Ë˝Ö ÃÙ˝ßÊ˛$. M>± Á‹${Ô≥Ö-M¯ΔÊˇ$t ——´ßÊ˛ MÛ¸Á‹$ÃZœ C_aØ˲
°-ΔÊˇ$μ {Á≥M>ΔÊˇÖ Ñʸ–ö˛*-¿-ÑʸÚ≥O ØÈ≈ƒÊ˝$-Á‹-“$Ñʸ fΔÊˇ-Á≥-–ö˛^˲$a.
EßëÁfl˝-ΔÊˇ-◊˝Mʸ$ 1985ÃZ MÛ¸-–ö˛*Δäˇ-Ì‹ÖVä¸ MÛ¸Á‹$, 2004ÃZ
2022&23
M¯rœØ˲$ {Á≥Ü-¥Î-®Ö-_Ö®. ÀMʸ$ Ú≥Ö^ÈΔÊˇ$. ›Î´ßë-ΔÊˇ◊˝ Δ¯Vʸ$-ÀMʸ$ JM¯P Á≥yÊ˛-MʸMʸ$
7) ßÊ˛„-ô˲-∫Ö´ßÊ˛$
8) ±sÏ˝-¥Î-ΔÊˇ$-ßÊ˛À
9) –˛Oßë≈-Δ¯Vʸ≈Ö
10) Á≥Ö^È-ƒÊ˝$-°-Δ>gå˝,
{V>“$-◊Í-¿-–ö˛ñ®Æ
17,700 M¯r$œ
22,675 M¯r$œ
11,237 M¯r$œ
29,586 M¯r$œ
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ÃZ... Δˇ$$Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. ∑ BÁ‹μ-{ô˲$ÃZœ ¥Î«-‘Ë˝ìßÊ˛Æ≈ {Á≥–ö˛*-◊ÍÀ$ –˛$ΔÊˇ$Vʸ$, M>«√-Mʸ$- 12) Á≥rt-◊Í-¿-–ö˛ñ®Æ 10,903 M¯r$œ
Ú‹O∞Mʸ A´®M>-Δ>-À$ ∑ ôˆÕ-›Î-«V> ^Û˛ØÛ˛ô˲ M>«√-Mʸ$-ÀMʸ$ ΔÊˇ*.5 ÀÑʸÀ Ω–ö˛* Á≥£Ê˛- ÀMʸ$ –Û˛ô˲-ØÈÀ$ Ú≥ÖÁ≥#-Ø˲Mʸ$ JM¯P Á≥yÊ˛-MʸMʸ$ ΔÊˇ*.5 –Û˛À
M>∞≤ {Á≥Mʸ-sÏ˝Ö-_Ö®. Ø˲$Ö_ ΔÊˇ*.7500 ÀMʸ$ Ú≥Ö^ÈΔÊˇ$. Cô˲ΔÊˇ MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$Ö-Á≥#À$
B«tMʸÃå˝&53: Δ>ÁŸâ-Á≥Ü Á‹ΔÊˇ” Ú‹OØÈ≈-´ßÊ˛≈-Ñʸ$yÊ˛$. D ∑ øÊ˝–ö˛Ø˲ ∞Δ>√◊˝ M>«√-Mʸ$-ÀMʸ$ –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ —yÊ˛-ô˲V> ÀÑʸ-–ö˛$Ö- ∑ ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍ-ßä˛-ÃZ∞ M¯v –ö˛$Ìfl˝‚Í Mʸ‚Í-‘ÈÀ, Ì‹®™-ı≥r ∑ {sÏ˝Á≥#Ãå˝ BΔäˇMʸ$ ΔÊˇ*.500 M¯r$œ
ÁflZßëÃZ Mϸ֮ A´®M>-Δ>À$ Mʸ-ÕW EÖsÍyÊ˛$. ®Mϸ –˛*sÍΔäˇ Ú‹OMϸ-‚Ê˝œØ˲$ AÖßÊ˛-gÙ˝-ƒÊ˝$-Ø˲$Ö®. hÃÍœ –ö˛$$À$-Vʸ$-ÃZ∞ ∏ÎΔˇã‹t Mʸ‚Í-‘È-ÀØ˲$ —‘Ë˝”-—-ßë≈-À- ∑ –ö˛$Ìfl˝‚Í Áú#yä˛ {¥ÎÚ‹-Ì‹ÖVä¸ ƒÊ˝$*∞-rœMʸ$ ¥Î–ö˛-ÃÍ-–ö˛yÓ˛z Á≥£Ê˛-
1) {Ü—´ßÊ˛ ßÊ˛‚Í-´®-Á≥-ô˲$-ÀØ˲$ ∞ƒÊ˝$-—$-›Î¢yÊ˛$. ∑ Vˆ{ΔˇÀ Á≥ÖÌ≥◊Ó˝ Á≥£Ê˛-M>∞≤ MˆØ˲-›Î-WÖ-^Û˛ÃÍ ∞´ßÊ˛$-ÀØ˲$ ƒÊ˝*-À$V> –ö˛*ΔÊˇa-Ø˲$-ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$. ©∞-M¯Á‹Ö –ö˛ÖßÊ˛-M¯r$œ M>-∞Mϸ ΔÊˇ*.187 M¯r$œ
2) ƒÊ˝$$ßÊ˛Æ {Á≥Mʸ-rØ˲, —ΔÊˇ-–ö˛$◊˝ {Á≥Mʸ-rØ˲ ^Û˛›Î¢-ΔÊˇ$. {Á≥Ü-¥Î-®Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. ©∞-M¯Á‹Ö ΔÊˇ*.1000 M¯r$œ MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$Ö- ^ˆÁ≥#μØ˲ ∞´ßÊ˛$À$ JM¯P-ßë-∞Mϸ MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. ∑ 2.5 ÀÑʸÀ GMʸ-Δ>ÃZœ ›ÎVʸ$ ÀÑʸ≈ÖV> BΔˇ$$-Ãå˝-¥Î-–í˛$Mʸ$ 100
∑ Ú≥O A´®M>-Δ>À$ EÁ≥ƒÒ˝*-WÖ-^˲$-M¯-–È-ÀÖsÙ˝ ¥ÎΔÊˇœ- ^ÈΔÊˇ$. ∑ Δ>ƒÊ˝$-ßÊ˛$ΔÊˇYÖ & ‘Ë˝Ö⁄Î-ªÍßä˛ –ö˛*ΔÊˇYÖÃZ –˛${sZ-ΔˇOÀ$ HΔ>μ- M¯r$œ
–˛$Ör$ B–˛*ßÊ˛Ö A–ö˛-Á‹ΔÊˇÖ. ∑ Á‹¶ÀÖ EÖsÙ˝ ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ Á≥yÊ˛Mʸ VʸßÊ˛$À CÖsÏ˝ ∞Δ>√-◊Í-∞Mϸ r$Mʸ$ ΔÊˇ*.377 M¯rœ ΔÊˇ*¥Î-ƒÊ˝$-ÀØ˲$ MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$Ö- ∑ ´ßÊ˛*Á≥-©-Á≥Ö-ÃZMϸ –ö˛$Δ¯ 1736 BÀ-ƒÊ˝*-ÀØ˲$
Δ>ƒÊ˝$-ªÍΔÊˇ A´®M>-Δ>-À$ –ö˛$*yÊ˛$ ÀÑʸÀ ΔÊˇ*¥Î-ƒÊ˝$À$ C–È”-À∞ ∞ΔÊˇ~-Δˇ$$Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. ^ÈΔÊˇ$. ¥Îô˲-∫-Ô‹¢ÃZ Mʸ*yë –˛${sZ HΔ>μ-r$-^Û˛-ƒÊ˝$-Ø˲$- ^Û˛Δ>aΔÊˇ$. ©∞-M¯Á‹Ö 12.50 M¯r$œ
∑ BÁ‹Δ> Ú≥Ø˲¤-Øå˛Ø˲$ 57 Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-Δ>-ÀMʸ$ A–ö˛$À$ ^Û˛›Î¢-–ö˛$∞ ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$. ∑ –ö˛$Ø˲ FΔÊˇ$ & –ö˛$Ø˲ ∫yÏ˛Mϸ 7,289 M¯r$œ.
∑ Δ>ÁŸâ-Á≥Ü ßÛ˛‘Ë˝Ö ô˲ΔÊˇ-Á≥#Ø˲ {Á≥-£Ê˛–ö˛$ Δ>ƒÊ˝$-ªÍ-«. D ∫y˛j-så˝ÃZ {Á≥Mʸ-sÏ˝Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. ∑ Δ>ÁŸâ ∫y˛j-så˝ÃZ –˛${sZ-ΔˇOÀ$ {¥ÎgÒ˝-Mʸ$tMʸ$ –ö˛^Û˛a B«¶Mʸ Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fiΔÊˇÖ Ø˲$Ö_ CÖXœãŸ
ÁflZßëÃZ —ßÛ˛-‘ÈÃZœ Δ>-ƒÊ˝$ªÍ-ΔÊˇ$-ÀØ˲$, ß˙ô˲≈-–Û˛-ô˲¢-ÀØ˲$ ∑ 2.5 ÀÑʸÀ GMʸ-Δ>ÃZœ BΔˇ$$-Ãå˝-¥Î-–í˛$Mʸ$ ΔÊˇ*.1000 M¯r$œ ΔÊˇ*.2,377 M¯rœØ˲$ MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. “$yÏ˛ƒÊ˝$Ö {¥ÎΔÊˇÖøÊ˝Ö
∞ƒÊ˝$-—$-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. Cô˲-ΔÊˇ ßÛ˛‘ÈÀ Δ>ƒÊ˝$-ªÍ-ΔÊˇ$-ÀØ˲$ B‡”∞- MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. ∑ W«-fØ˲ ô˲ÖyëÃZœ Δ¯yÊ˛œ A¿-–ö˛ñ-®ÆMϸ ΔÊˇ*.1000 ∑ —ßÊ˛$≈ôå˛ ΔÊˇÖV>-∞Mϸ 12,209 M¯r$œ, –ö˛^Û˛a
›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. AÖô˲Δ>j-°-ƒÊ˝$ JÁ≥μÖßëÀ$ Mʸ$ßÊ˛$-ΔÊˇ$a-Mʸ$Ö-sÍyÊ˛$, ∑ ªÍÕÖ-ô˲ÃZœ ΔÊˇMʸ¢-Ôfl˝-Ø˲ô˲ Á‹–ö˛$Á‹≈ Á≥«-⁄ÎP-Δ>-∞Mϸ MÛ¸Ô‹-BΔäˇ M¯r$œ MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. Hyë® ƒÊ˝*ßë{® AÃÍâ –˛$V> {¥ÎgÒ˝Mʸ$t
IMʸ≈Δ>-f≈-Á‹-—$-ÜMϸ {Á≥-Ü∞-´ßÊ˛$-ÀØ˲$ Á≥ÖÌ≥-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. D ¥˘ÁŸ-M>À Mϸså˝Ø˲$ D ∫y˛j-så˝ÃZ ΔÊˇ*Á≥-Mʸ-ÀμØ˲ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. ∑ 20 M¯rœ ΔÊˇ*¥Î-ƒÊ˝$-Àô¯ ›Îãút-{yÏ˛ÖMä¸ Á≥«-{‘Ë˝- Eô˲μÜ¢ {¥ÎΔÊˇÖøÊ˝Ö.
A´®M>-Δ>-ÀØ˲$ ∞ΔÊˇ”-Ìfl˝Ö-^˲-yë-∞Mϸ Mʸ*yë ¥ÎΔÊˇœ-–˛$Ör$ ∑ HyÊ˛$ Ø˲$Ö_ Á≥Ø˛≤Öy¯ ô˲ΔÊˇ-VÊ¸Ü ^˲®–Û˛ HyÊ˛$ ÀÑʸ-À-–ö˛$Ö® –ö˛$V> ±Δ>Ø˲$ {¥ÎΔÊˇÖ-¿-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. ∑ Q–ö˛$√Ö, –ö˛ΔÊˇÖ-VʸÃå˝, Mʸ»Ö-Ø˲-VʸΔäˇ, ∞gÍ-–ö˛*-
B–˛*ßÊ˛Ö A–ö˛Á‹-ΔÊˇÖ. —ßë≈-ΔÊˇ$¶-ÀMʸ$ BΔ¯Vʸ≈ Á‹ÖΔÊˇ-Ñʸ◊˝ Mϸså˝Ø˲$ A–ö˛$-À$-^Û˛-ƒÊ˝$-Ø˲$- ∑ Vʸ_a-ªõÕ, GŒæ-Ø˲-VʸΔäˇ, BÃÍ”Ãå˝, G{ΔÊˇ-Vʸ-yÊ˛zÃZ ªÍßä˛, Δ>–ö˛$-Vʸ$ÖyÊ˛Ö Ø˲Vʸ-ΔÊˇ-¥Î-ÀMʸ Á‹ÖÁ‹¶-
Vʸ-–ö˛$∞Mʸ: 1) Δ>ƒÊ˝$-ªÍ-ΔÊˇ$-À$(ÚflO˝ Mʸ—$-ÁŸ-Ø˲Δäˇ): ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$. Á‹*Á≥Δäˇ Ú‹μ⁄Î-ÕsÓ˝ ßÊ˛–È-RÍ-ØÈ-ÀMʸ$ ÀMʸ$ JM¯P-ßë-∞Mϸ 10 M¯r$œ
M>-–ö˛$Øå˛-–˛Ãå˝¢ ßÛ˛‘ÈÃZœ øÍΔÊˇ-ô˲-ßÛ˛‘Ë˝Ö ô˲ΔÊˇ-Á≥#Ø˲ ∞ƒÊ˝$-—$Ö- ∑ –ö˛^Û˛a B«¶Mʸ Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-ΔÊˇÖÃZ –ö˛$Δ¯ 1.77 ÀÑʸÀ Mʸ$r$Ö-ªÍ- ΔÊˇ*.1000 M¯r$œ MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. ∑ Á‹_-–È-À-ƒÊ˝*-ÀMʸ$ 400 M¯r$œ
_Ø˲ øÍ-ΔÊˇô˲ {Á≥-Ü∞´®. 2) ß˙ô˲≈-–Û˛-ô˲¢À$: M>–ö˛$-Øå˛-–˛Ãå˝¢ ÀMʸ$ ßÊ˛„-ô˲-∫Ö´ßÊ˛$ A–ö˛$-À$Mʸ$ “À$V> ΔÊˇ*.17,700 M¯r$œ 2022&23 ∫y˛jså˝ MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$Ö-Á≥#À$ ∑ ›Î¶∞Mʸ Á‹ÖÁ‹¶-ÀMʸ$ 2,513 M¯r$œ
ßÛ˛‘ÈÃZœ M>Mʸ$Öyë Cô˲-ΔÊˇ ßÛ˛‘ÈÃZœ MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. ∑ sÓ˝Gã‹ B»t-Ì‹Mϸ 1500
Á≥∞-^Û˛ı‹ øÍ-ΔÊˇô˲ {Á≥-Ü∞-´ßÊ˛$-À$. ∑ ªÍÕÖ-ô˲À ¥˚ÌŸt-M>-‡ΔÊˇ Á‹–ö˛$-Á‹≈Mʸ$, ΔÊˇMʸ¢-Ôfl˝-Ø˲ô˲ Á‹–ö˛$Á‹≈ Á‹ÖÑÛ¸-–ö˛$-‘È-QÀ –È»V> MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$Ö-Á≥#-À$ M¯r$œ
Á≥«-⁄ÎP-Δ>-∞Mϸ MÛ¸Ô‹-BΔäˇ Ø˲*≈{sÏ˝-ÁŸ-ƒÊ˝$ã‹ Mϸså˝ Á≥£Ê˛-M>∞≤ (-ΔÊˇ*.-M¯-rœÃZ)
—.^˛O-ô˲-Ø˲≈-ßÛ˛-–í˛ {¥ÎΔÊˇÖ-¿Ö-^˲-Ø˲$-ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$. GÔ‹fiÀ$ 20,624.88 M¯r$œ Δ>ƒÊ˝$À Δ>´ßë-Mʸñ-ÁŸ~
¥˘sÓ˝ Á≥»-ÑʸÀ ∞Á≥#-◊˝$-À$ ∑ Á≥Ø˲$≤ Δ>∫-yÊ˛$À AÖ^˲ØÈ ôˆÕ-›Î-«V> ΔÊˇ*.ÀÑʸ M¯r$œ GÔ‹tÀ$ 3,415.40 M¯r$œ Ô‹∞ƒÊ˝$Δäˇ ∏Î≈MʸŒt
–ö˛*ΔäˇP D ∫y˛j-så˝ÃZ ßësÏ˝Ö®. ΔÊˇ*.1.08 ÀÑʸÀ M¯r$œ ΩÔ‹À$ 5,697.55 M¯r$œ

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» ´ù-çÜ$tË ÑÐ]l-Æ>Ë$: ï³yìl-Ķæ*-{sîæ-íÙ-Ķæ$-¯Œl-(-sñæ-Í-Ððl$-yìl-
íܯŒl çß滌æ-)-&-01, f¯]l-Æý‡ÌŒæ íœh-íÙ-Ķæ$-¯Œl-&-01.
» A-Æý‡á™èl:G…½-½-G‹Ü,G…yîl,yìl´÷ÏÐ]l* E¡¢-Æý‡$~-Ë-ÐéÓÍ. Rê-çÜ$¢Ë$ MøÆý‡$-™ø…¨.
» Ð]l-Ķæ$çÜ$: 42 Hâ¶æ$Ï Ñ$…^èl-MýS*-yýl§ýl$.
» Ðól-™èl¯]l…: ¯ðlËMýS$ Æý‡*.1,00,000 ^ðlÍÏ-Ýë¢Æý‡$.
» §ýl-Æý‡-RêçÜ$¢ Ñ«§é¯]l…: B‹œ-OÌñ毌l §éÓÆ> §ýlÆý‡-RêçÜ$¢
^ólçÜ$-Mø-ÐéÍ. §ýlÆý‡-Rê-çÜ$¢¯]l$ hÌêÏ OÐðl§ýlÅ, BÆøVýSÅ
A«¨-M>Ç, ¯ðlË*ÏÆý‡$ _Æý‡$-¯é-Ð]l$MýS$ ç³…í³…-^éÍ.
» §ýl-Æý‡-Rê-çÜ$¢-ËMýS$ _Ð]l-Ç-™ól¨: 22.11.20-22
» Ððl-»Œæ-OòÜsŒæ: spsnellore.ap.gov.in
II-Isîæ, _#èl*¢-Æý!$ÌZ
AíÜ-òÜt&sSæ {´÷òS-çÜÆa! ´ùçÜ$tË$
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» Ñ-¿ê-V>Ë$: MýS…ç³NÅ-rÆŠ‡ OòܯŒlÞ A…yŠl C…f-±-
Ç…VŠS, Ð]l*Å£ýl-Ðól$-sìæ-MŠSÞ-/-yól-sê-OòܯŒlÞ.
» A-Æý‡á™èl: çÜ…º…-«¨™èl òܵçÙ-OÌñæ-gôæ-çÙ-¯ŒlÌZ ĶæÊi,
ï³i, ï³òßæ-^Œlyîl E¡¢-Æý‡$~-Ë-ÐéÓÍ. MýS±çÜ… 3Hâ¶æ$Ï
ç³° A¯]l$-¿¶æÐ]l… E…yéÍ.
» G…-í³MýS Ñ«§é¯]l…: C…rÆý‡*ÓÅ B«§é-Æý‡…V>.
» §ýl-Æý‡-RêçÜ$¢ Ñ«§é¯]l…: B¯Œl-OÌñ毌l, B‹œ-OÌñ毌l §éÓÆ>
§ýlÆý‡-RêçÜ$¢ ^ólçÜ$-Mø-ÐéÍ. §ýlÆý‡-Rê-çÜ$¢¯]l$ ¨ Çh-
[ÝëtÆŠ‡, C…yìl-Ķæ$¯Œl C¯Œl-íÜt-r*ÅsŒæ B‹œ C¯]l¹-Æó‡Ã-çÙ¯Œl
sñæM>²-Ëi } íÜsîæ, _™èl*¢Æý‡$, 630 gêq¯Œl Ð]l*ÆŠ‡Y,
}íÜsîæ, †Æý‡$-糆 hÌêÏ-&-5-1-7-6-46, B…{«§ýl-{ç³-§ólÔŒæ.
» §ýl-Æý‡-Rê-çÜ$¢-ËMýS$ _Ð]l-Ç-™ól¨: 31.12.20-22
» Ððl-»Œæ-OòÜsŒæ: www.iiits.ac.in
KG-¯lS -iïÜ, G&B-Æa!-ï³-GÌSæ,
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çÜ$¢Ë$ MøÆý‡$-™ø…¨.
» Ððl¬™èl¢… ´ùçÜ$tË çÜ…QÅ: 03
» ´ù-çÜ$tË ÑÐ]l-Æ>Ë$: ïÜ°-Ķæ$ÆŠ‡ Ðól$¯ól-f-ÆŠ‡-&-02, AíÜ-
òÜt…sŒæ Ðól$¯ól-f-ÆŠ‡-&-01.
» A-Æý‡á™èl: MýS±çÜ… 60 Ô>™èl… Ð]l*Æý‡$P-Ë™ø {V>yýl$Å-
Äôæ$-çÙ-¯Œl-/-G…-½-½-G‹Ü yìl{X E¡¢-Æý‡$~-Ë-ÐéÓÍ.
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» Ðól-™èl¯]l…: ¯ðlËMýS$ Æý‡*.70,000 ¯]l$…_ Æý‡*.2.4
Ë„ýSË$ ^ðlÍÏ-Ýë¢Æý‡$.
» G…-í³MýS Ñ«§é¯]l…: Æ>™èl-ç³-È„ýS, ç³Æý‡Þ-¯]lÌŒæ
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» §ýl-Æý‡-RêçÜ$¢ Ñ«§é¯]l…: B¯Œl-OÌñ毌l, B‹œ-OÌñ毌l §éÓÆ>
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MýSÆ>~-rMýS _Æý‡$-¯é-Ð]l$MýS$ ç³…í³…-^éÍ.
» §ýl-Æý‡-Rê-çÜ$¢-ËMýS$ _Ð]l-Ç-™ól¨: 15.12.20-22
ĶæÊ°-Ð]l-ÇØsîæ B9S Oòßæ§ýl-Æ>-»ê-§alÌZ
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» Ððl¬™èl¢… ´ùçÜ$tË çÜ…QÅ: 04
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» Ðól-™èl¯]l…: ¯ðlËMýS$ Æý‡*.31,000 ^ðlÍÏ-Ýë¢Æý‡$.
» §ýl-Æý‡-Rê-çÜ$¢Ë$ ç³…´ë-ÍÞ¯]l DÐðl$-Ƈ¬ÌŒæ:
teachingsham@gmail.com
» §ýl-Æý‡-Rê-çÜ$¢-ËMýS$ _Ð]l-Ç-™ól¨: 27.11.20-22
» Ððl-»Œæ-OòÜsŒæ: uohyd.ac.in
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» Ððl¬™èl¢… ´ùçÜ$tË çÜ…QÅ: 04
» ´ùçÜ$tË ÑÐ]lÆ>Ë$: ïܰĶæ$ÆŠ‡ {´ëgñæMŠSt
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» A-Æý‡á™èl: ´ùçÜ$t¯]l$ A¯]l$-çÜ-Ç…_ çÜ…º…-«¨™èl Ñ¿ê-
VýS…ÌZ ï³i, ï³òßæ-^Œl-yîl-/-yé-Møt-Æý‡ÌŒæ yìl{X, ĶæÊi-ïÜ-
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» Ð]l-Ķæ$çÜ$: {´ëgñæMŠSt OòÜ…sìæ‹Üt ´ùçÜ$t-ËMýS$ 45 Hâ¶æ$Ï,
Ñ$VýS™é ´ùçÜ$t-ËMýS$ 40 Hâ¶æ$Ï Ñ$…^èl-MýS*-yýl§ýl$.
» §ýl-Æý‡-Rê-çÜ$¢Ë$ ç³…´ë-ÍÞ¯]l DÐðl$-Ƈ¬ÌŒæ:
dsttec@uohyd.ac.in
» §ýl-Æý‡-Rê-çÜ$¢-ËMýS$ _Ð]l-Ç-™ól¨: 05.12.20-22
» Ððl-»Œæ-OòÜsŒæ: www.uohyd.ac.in
G¯Sl-òßæ-^lS -HI, ¯]l*ÅÉìl-ÎÏÌZ
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» Ððl¬™èl¢… ´ùçÜ$tË çÜ…QÅ: 04 » ´ù-çÜ$tË ÑÐ]l-Æ>Ë$:
Ðól$¯ól-f-ÆŠ‡-&-01, yìlç³NÅsîæ Ðól$¯ól-f-ÆŠ‡-&-03.
» Ñ-¿ê-V>Ë$: íÜÑÌŒæ, Oòœ¯é¯ŒlÞ, ÎVýSÌŒæ.
» A-Æý‡á™èl: ´ùçÜ$t¯]l$ A¯]l$-çÜ-Ç…_ çÜ…º…-«¨™èl òܵçÙ-OÌñæ-
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» §ýl-Æý‡-RêçÜ$¢ Ñ«§é¯]l…: B¯Œl-OÌñ毌l §éÓÆ>.
» B-¯Œl-OÌñ毌l §ýlÆý‡-Rê-çÜ$¢-ËMýS$ _Ð]l-Ç-™ól¨: 30.11.20-22
» Ððl-»Œæ-OòÜsŒæ: nhai.gov.in
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çÜ…ç³-§ýlÌZ AÐðl$-ÇM> ´ûÆý‡$ÌS Ðésê 31.5 Ô>™èl…
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Í-_¯]l ¨ÐéÅ…ÔŒæ..Oòœ¯]l-ÌZϯ]l* A§ól gZÆý‡$ {糧ýl-ÇØ…-^é-
yýl$. Æ>Å…MìS…VŠæ Æú…yŠlÌZ Ð]lÊyø Ý릯]l… Ý뫨…-_¯]l
Ð]l$Æø ¿êÆý‡™èl çÙ*rÆŠ‡ }M>-È¢-MŠS-(-2-58.8) M>…çÜÅ
ç³™èl-M>°² VðSË$-^èl$-MýS$-¯é²yýl$.
BíÜĶæ* »êMìSÞ&Vaæ bé&í³-Ķæ$¯S íÙ9³ÌZ ÌSÒϯé,
ç³ÈÓ¯S ÌSMýS$ çÜÓÆ>~Ë$
BíÜĶæ* »êMìSÞ…VŠæ bé…í³-Ķæ$¯Œ íÙ‹³ÌZ ¿êÆý‡™èl »êMýSÞ-
Æý‡$Ï ç³íÜyìl Ððl*™èl Ððl*W…-^éÆý‡$.sZMøÅ JÍ…-í³MŠSÞ
M>…çÜÅ ç³™èlMýS Ñgôæ™èl ÌSÒÏ-¯é-(-75MóSi-)-™ø-´ër$ ç³-
ÈÓ¯Œ çßæ$yé-(-63MóSi), ïÜÓsîæ-(-81MóSi), A͹Ķæ* Rꯌ
(81MóSiÌS Oò³¯]l)çÜÓÆ>~-ÌS™ø Ððl$-
Ç-Ô>Æý‡$. Ð]l$íßæ-âýæÌS 75 MóSiÌS Oòœ-
¯]lÌZÏ ÌSÒϯé 5&-0™ø Æý‡gŒæ-Ððl$-sZ-
Ðé-(-E-gñæ¾-MìS-Ý릯Œ)¯]l$ Kyìl…-_…¨.
G….»êË-Ë™èl, çÜ»ñæjMŠSt °ç³#-×æ$Ë$
ïÜÓĶæ$ Õ>ýS×æ MóS&{§éË$
GË-{MìStMŠS Ðéçßæ¯]l ™èlĶæ*È Æý‡…VýS…ÌZ çÜ…º…-
«¨™èl O¯ðlç³#-×êÅË$ MýS͵…^ól ¨Ô¶æV>.. çÜ…çܦË$ MýS*yé
Ð]l¬…§ýl$-Mö-çÜ$¢-¯é²Æ‡¬. ç³Ë$ BsZ-Ððl*-sìæÐŒl çÜ…çܦË$
MøÆŠ‡ çÜ»ñæjMŠSt E¯]l² A¿¶æÅ-Æý‡$¦-˯]l$ °Ä¶æ$-Ñ$…-^èl$-MýS$°.. B
™èlÆ>Ó™èl {MýSÐ]l$…ÌZ ™èlÐ]l$ Ý÷…™èl Õ„ýS×æ MóS…{§éË
§éÓÆ> íÜPÌŒæÞ Ððl$Æý‡$-VýS$-ç³-Æý‡$-çÜ$¢-¯é²Æ‡¬.
糨 ÐólË Ð]l$&¨ C&f-±Æý!$Ï
GË-{MìStMŠS Ðéçßæ¯]l ™èlĶæ*È Æý‡…VýS…ÌZ C…f-±ÆŠ‡Þ
Ýë¦Æ‡¬ÌZ Æ>¯]l$¯]l² Hyé¨ M>Ë…ÌZ 糨-ÐólË Ð]l$…¨
AÐ]l-çÜ-Æý‡-Ð]l$-Ð]l#-™é-Æý‡° A…^èl¯é. Æ>¯]l$¯]l² Æð‡…yól-â¶æÏÌZ
D yìlÐ]l*…yŠl 糨-õßæ¯]l$ ÐólËMýS$ ^ólÆý‡$-Mø-¯]l$…¨.
©°MìS A¯]l$-VýS$-×æ…V> AMýS-yýl-Ñ$MŠS Ýë¦Æ‡¬-ÌZ¯]l* O¯ðlç³#-
×êÅË$ ò³…^ólÌê ^èlÆý‡ÅË$ ¡çÜ$-Mø-Ðé-Ë° °ç³#-×æ$Ë$
çÜ*_-çÜ$¢-¯é²Æý‡$.
Mö#èl¢ MøÆý!$ÞË$, ÈòÜÆa!a ¨Ô¶æV>
 G-Ë-{MìStMŠS Ðéçßæ-¯éË Ñ°-Äñæ*VýS…, O¯ðlç³#-×êÅË BÐ]l-
Ô¶æÅ-MýS-™èl¯]l$ ç³Ç-VýS-×æ-¯]l-ÌZMìS ¡çÜ$-MýS$¯]l² II-sîæË$..
ÒsìæMìS çÜ…º…-«¨…_ ÈòÜÆŠ‡a M>Æý‡Å-MýS-Ìê-´ëË
¨Ô¶æV> Ayýl$-VýS$Ë$ ÐólçÜ$¢-¯é²Æ‡¬.
 I-Isîæ ÉìlÎÏ òÜ…rÆŠ‡ çœÆŠ‡ BsZ-Ððl*-sìæÐŒl ÈòÜÆŠ‡a
A…yŠl {sñæ•»ê-Ëi A¯ól Ñ¿ê-V>°² HÆ>µr$ ^ólíÜ..
GË-{MìStMŠS Ððlíßæ-MìSÌŒæÞ ™èlĶæ*È, G¯]lÈj ÝùtÆó‡gŒæ
çÜ…º…-«¨™èl A…Ô>-ËOò³ ç³Ç-ÔZ-«§ýl-¯]lË$ ^ólÝù¢…¨.
 I-Isîæ Ð]l$…yìl, ^ðlO¯ðl², Oòßæ§ýl-Æ>-»ê§Šl çÜà ç³Ë$
II-sîæË$ {ò³•Ðólr$ çÜ…çܦ-Ë™ø MýSÍíÜ ÈòÜÆŠ‡a M>Æý‡Å-
MýS-Ìê-´ëË$ °Æý‡Ó-íßæ-çÜ$¢-¯é²Æ‡¬.
Ðól#èl-¯éË$
 È-òÜÆŠ‡a Ýë¦Æ‡¬ÌZ ¯ðlËMýS$ Æý‡*.Ë„ýS Ð]lÆý‡MýS$ Ðól™èl¯]l…
A…§ýl$-™ø…¨.
{´÷-yýlMŠSt ™èlĶæ*È Ñ¿ê-VýS…ÌZ C…f-±Æý‡Ï Ýë¦Æ‡¬ÌZ

¯ðlËMýS$ Æý‡*.40 ÐólË ¯]l$…_ Æý‡*.70 ÐólË Ð]lÆý‡MýS$
^ðlÍÏ-çÜ$¢-¯é²Æý‡$.
 çÜ*-ç³-ÆŠ‡-OÐðl-fÈ Ýë¦Æ‡¬ÌZ ¯ðlËMýS$ Æý‡*.20 ÐólË
¯]l$…_ Æý‡*.30 ÐólË Ð]lÆý‡MýS$ Ðól™èl¯]l… ËÀ-çÜ$¢…¨.
&MýS-çÜt-Ð]l$ÆŠ‡ çÜÈÓ‹Ü Ñ¿ê-VýS…-ÌZ¯]l* C§ól Ýë¦Æ‡¬ÌZ
Ðól™èl-¯éË$ A…§ýl$-™èl$-¯é²Æ‡¬.
DÒ Æý!&VýS&.. Ð]l¬RêÅ&-Ô>Ë$
 2-0-30 ¯ésìæMìS 15 ¼Í-Ķæ$¯Œl yéË-Æý‡ÏMýS$ ^ólÆý‡$-Mø-
¯]l$¯]l² DÒ Æý‡…VýS…. 2-02- 5 ¯ésìæMìS DÒ Ñ°-

Äñæ*-VýS…ÌZ Ð]lÊyø Ý릯]l…ÌZ ¿êÆý‡™Œl.
 D Hyé¨ C…f-±Æý‡Ï Ýë¦Æ‡¬ÌZ ³ç ¨ ÐólË Ð]l$…¨
AÐ]l-çÜ-Æý‡-Ð]l$° A…^èl¯é.
 „óS{™èl Ýë¦Æ‡¬ÌZ 20-25 ¯ésìæMìS Ð]l$Æø Æð‡…yýl$ Ë„ýSË
E§øÅ-V>-ËMýS$ Ðól¨-MýSV> DÒ Æý‡…VýS….
 D Hyé¨ òÜò³…t º - ÆŠ‡ Ð]lÆý‡MýS$ Mö™èlV¢ > 26 DÒ
ÝëtÆý‡t‹³ çÜ…çÜ¦Ë HÆ>µr$.
 Ñ-§ólÖ çÜ…çܦË$, AMýS-yýl-Ñ$MŠS C¯Œl-íÜt-r*Å-sŒæ-Ë™ø
Jç³µ…-§éË$ ^ólçÜ$-MýS$…-r$¯]l² ¿êÆý‡™èl BsZ-Ððl¬-
O»ñæÌŒæ çÜ…çܦË$.
 I  
Guide to
Excellence  21  2022
 .. 
-19
   2019 
31      
  21  
  .  
     
    . 
,   
 .  
   .
   
 .
-19 
 -19    
--2   .
    
    
.
    2020  30
    
  .
     
    .
 2020  11   
   .
  
      
.    
    
,   
   
   .
    
RNA .    RNA
  
 .   
     
  .  
.   
    
 .

 , , ,   
 ,  ,
 , , 
  ,  
,    ,
    
.
 
   ,  
, ,  
 .   , 
 .  ,
  .
 
    , 
   
.    
 ACE2  .
    , 
 .   
, ,    
.    
  , , 
   .
  WHO  
. 2021   
   
   
.   
.
    2021 
  3  
   . 2
   .
  ,  ,
   
 . 
-19   
 40  
.

   -19
    
 2021  16 .
 1.       
 2.  3. .1500    34   
 4.  5.       
 .     .
     
..     (),  
   -  24  2020   .  
19  2020  30  . -,   
 . :       .
     76    .    :    
    12   . 2020  10     
, , ,      
         .   .  
 B.1.1.7   2020  : 2020  2      
 B.1.351  2020  104 .      () 
 P.1  2020    .    .  
 B.1.617.2  2020  -19     2  8   
 B.1.1.529   2021   ,       . 
 C.37  2020         4  12
 B.1.429  2020   .25     .
 B.1.617.1  2020  . :     
:   2020  13    . 
    . -19       
 .    -19  .    -  . 2  8   
 22  2020      16  19      .  
    2021     .50   .    .
.  . :       : -19 
     23      2020   
21    .  ..  22  2,000       
 2020  7       ,     .  .    12
      -19           .  
 . .           
 2020  28 PMCARES :     .    .
FUND  .      -19   
     194   12        2020 
 -19 .  .    -19   2021      .. 
                
    .
1.        1)  2)  4) Personal Protective Element 3) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-
     ? 3)  4)  5.      ? 4) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-
1) 14.4.2020  2.5.2020 3. -19   1)   2) m-RNA   : 1. 2 2. 3 3. 1 4. 2
 
(19 )  ? 3)   4)   5. 3 6. 3
2) 15.4.2020  3.5.2020 1)   2)   6.   .
(19 ) 3)     1.  .   
3) 14.3.2020  3.4.2020 4)   2.  . 
(21 ) 4.       3.  .   
4) 25.3.2020  14.4.2020  PPE    ?  
(21  1) Provisinol Protective Equipment 4.  .   ()
2.     2) Personal Protective Equipment 1) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-    
 ? 3) Provisional Protection Equipment 2) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- sudha.avanchi@gmail.com
           
      l     (Equatorial plane)
       1,22,850  23 1/20  . 
II            .    5.1450 
Guide to
 21  2022 ( ) . l      .
Excellence

     ?

 1)  2)  3) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-
3)  4)  4) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-
1.      30.      41. ?
?  ? 1.   . 
1)     1)  2)  2.   . 
2)  ,   3)  4)  3.   . 
  
  31.     4.   . 
3)     ()  ? 1) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-
  1)  2)  2) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-
4)   , , 3)  4)  3) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-
   32.     4) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-
2. ‘  ’      ? 42.      
? 1)  2)   ?
1)  2)  3)  4)  .-   
3)  4)  33.     
3.       ? . -   
    1) 8 2) 9 3) 10 4) 11    
  ? 1)  2)  3)   4)   34.      . -    
1)  2)  3)   4)   19.   ‘’     ? 
3)  4)  8.      ? 1)  1) ,  2) , 
4.         1)   2)   3)   4)  
    ? 2)   3)   43. ?
? 1)   3)   4)   1.  .  
1)  2)  2)   4)  35. ,      2.  . 
3)  4)  3)   4)   20.     ,  ?  ()
5. ‘   ’    9.   ‘’       ? 1)   3.  .  
  ? ? 1)   2)   4.  .  
1) 1928 2) 1929 1)  2)   3)   1) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-
3) 1938 4) 1956 2)   3)   4)   2) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-
6.   ? 3)  4)   36.      3) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-
1)   2)  4)  ()  21.       4) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-
3)  4)  10.       ? .    , 44.  ,  
7.       ? 1)         .
 ? 1)  2)  2)   . ,          
3)  4)  3)        ?
-  11.      4)   .      .  . 
  ? 22.    ‘   .  .  . 
  1)  2)   ’   ? 1)    1) , ,  2) , , 
 -  3)  4)   1)  2)   2)    3) , ,  4) , , 
 -  12. ‘’    ? 3)   4)   3)    45. ?
( ) 1)   2)   23.      ? 4)   1.    . 
  3)   4)   1)  2)  37.      2.    . 
  -, 13.       3)  4)    .   3.    . 
   ? 24.     ‘ ’    ? 
  -  1)  2)  ? .  . 
 4.  . 
  3)  4)  1)   2)  .  .  1) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-
 -  14.  ,   3)   4)   1) , ,  2) , ,  2) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-
    ? 25.  ,    3) , ,  4) , ,  3) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-
 -  1)  2)       ? 38.     ? 4) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-
  3)   4)   1)   1)   
 -  15. ‘  ’     2)   2)  
 -  ? 3)   3)    1-4, 2-3, 3-2, 4-1, 5-4,
  1)   4)   4)    6-4, 7-3, 8-3, 9-2, 10-4,
 -  2)   26.   ‘ ’    39.     11-3, 12-4, 13-1, 14-4, 15-3,
  3)    ?    
4)   1)       16-1, 17-4, 18-3, 19-2, 20-3,
 - 
  16.      2)   ? 21-2, 22-2, 23-4, 24-2, 25-1,
- ,    ? 3)   1)   26-2 , 27-3, 28-2, 29-2, 30-1,
  1)   2)   4)   2)   
3)   4)   27.      3)   31-3, 32-2, 33-1, 34-2, 35-2,
 - 
  -  17.       ? 4)   36-2, 37-2, 38-3, 39-2, 40-1,
-     1)  2)  40.     41-1, 42-4, 43-2, 44-3, 45-2
  ? 3)  4)     ?
 -  1)   2)   28.    1.  . 
, 3)      ? 2.  . 
, -  4)   1)  2)  3.  .  ..
  18.  ,    3)  4)  4.  .  
    ? 29.      1) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-  
( )-  1)   2)    ? 2) 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- 

III
Guide to
 21  2022
Excellence
We had terrible …… last week. (Weather / whether)
14  
VOCABULARY PRACTICE
Fill in the blanks
1. This medicine makes me sleepy.
It must be a ……………………
(stimulant / sedative)
2. The movie was so interesting
that the audience sat …………
(motionless / motionlessly)
3. The film which I saw yesterday
was …………… uninteresting.
(rather / fairly)
4. He worked ……………………
to finish the job. (hard / hardly)
5. Gandhi believed in the ………
…….. of truth and non-violence.
(Principals / principles)
6. We had terrible ………………
last week. (Weather / whether)
7. She asked me ………… I could
help her. (Weather / whether)
8. A student should be ……………
to his teacher. (Respectful /
respectable)
9. She is a …………………… old
lady. (respectful / respectable)
10. Success depends on our ability to
………….. yourself to changing
circumstances. (adopt / adapt)
Answers
1. This medicine makes me sleepy.
It must be a sedative.
2. The movie was so interesting
that the audience sat motionless.
3. The film which I saw yesterday
was rather uninteresting.
4. He worked hard to finish the job.
5. Gandhi believed in the principles
of truth and non-violence.
6. We had terrible weather last
week.
7. She asked me whether I could
help her.
8. A student should be respectful
to his teacher.
9. She is a respectable old lady.
10. Success depends on our ability to
adapt ourselves to changing
circumstances.
Fill in the blanks using one of the
words given below.
(Count, cringed, privilege, pano-
rama, went for, enquiry, dispense
with, absolutely, pensive, adept,
distinguished)
1. My uncle decided to …………
his car as he could not afford it.
2. When Raju is in a ……………
mood, he forgets where he is.
3. I have …………………. no idea
of what happened to them.
4. The government has agreed to
hold a judicial ….. into the riots.
5. Charles Lamb was one of the
most famous essayists and he
was an …. in the art of writing.
6. Political prisoners are given the
………. of getting newspapers in
  
  
     ?

the prison.
7. At once the dog barked and ……
him.
8. The ……………. of Kashmir
invites a lot of tourists.
9. The dog ………………………
at the sight of the whip.
10. Tobacco has a …………………
effect on some people.
11. Beethoven was a ………………
composer of music.
12. Don’t ………….. your chickens
before they are hatched.
Answers
1. My uncle decided to dispense
with his car as he could not
afford it.
2. When Raju is in a pensive mood,
he forgets where he is.
3. I have absolutely no idea of what
happened to them.
4. The government has agreed to
hold a judicial enquiry into the
riots.
5. Charles Lamb was one of the
most famous essayists and he
was adept in the art of writing.
6. Political prisoners are given the
privilege of getting newspapers
in the prison.
7. At once the dog barked and went
for him.
8. The panorama of Kashmir
invites a lot of tourists.
9. The dog cringed at the sight of
the whip.
10. Tobacco has a sedative effect on
some people.
11. Beethoven was a distinguished
composer of music.
12. Don’t count your chickens before
they are hatched.
Fill in the blanks with the appro-
priate form of the word given
in the brackets.
1. The ……………. judge gave
the young offender a light
sentence. (compassion)
2. They attributed the success of
their marriage to complete ……
(compatible)
    1952   
      
   ?
  
3. The…………. acting compen-
sated for the weak script of the
movie. (marvel)
4. The doctor had great …………
for her patients. (compassionate)
5. Perseverance is a ………………
trait. (commend)
6. Every citizen has a ……………
to defend his country. (commit)
7. There can be no mutual
understanding between people
without ……….. (communicate)
8. This message is not very ………
……… (communicate)
9. The lonely man longed for ……
(companion)
10. These meetings happen too often
to be …………….. (coincident)
Answers
1. The compassionate judge gave
the young offender a light
sentence.
2. They attributed the success of
their marriage to complete
compatibility.
3. The marvellous acting compen
sated for the weak script of the
movie.
4. The doctor had great
compassion for her patients.
5. Perseverance is a commendable
trait.
6. Every citizen has a commitment
to defend his country.
7. There can be no mutual under
standing between people without
communication.
8. This message is not very
communicative.
9. The lonely man longed for
companionship.
10. These meetings happen too often
to be coincidental.
Fill in the blanks.
1. The ………..condition of the
country is not very good.
(economic / economical)
2. He was without any ……………
of the men of his age. (wise / vice)
3. Don’t be rude to her. She is very
…………. (sensitive / sensible)
 ?

4. It was not a ……………………
thing to do. (sensitive / sensible)
5. The policemen ………… the
streets at night. (petrol / patrol)
6. Oxygen has no ………… at all.
(order / odour)
7. He is the ………………………
to a large estate. (heir / hair)
8. It is better to …………… a taxi.
(hare / hire)
9. Churchill was an ………………
politician. (eminent / imminent)
10. An …………. vessel has
nothing in it. (empty / vacant)
Answers
1. The economic condition of the
country is not very good.
2. He was without any vice of the
men of his age.
3. Don’t be rude to her. She is very
sensitive.
4. It was not a sensible thing to do.
5. The policemen patrol the streets
at night.
6. Oxygen has no odour at all.
7. He is the heir to a large estate.
8. It is better to hire a taxi.
9. Churchill was an eminent
politician.
10. An empty vessel has nothing in it.
Fill in the blanks with the appro-
priate form of the word given
in the brackets.
1. My friend did not ……………. to
my letter. (response)
2. He behaved …………. (strange)
3. Krishna’s ……………….. had
great effect on Arjuna. (exhort)
4. He …………….. his point with
valid arguments. (substance)
5. Greedy people will never get any
……………. in life. (satisfy)
6. I don’t think that there is any …
……….. for you to come again.
(necessary)
7. Though his early attempts were
not ………… he did not lose
heart. (success)
8. I have ………………….. that
song. (memory)
9. The teacher …………….. her to
go home early. (permission)
10. Ramanujan made many
mathematical ……… (discover)
Answers
1. My friend did not respond to my
letter.
2. He behaved strangely.
3. Krishna’s exhortation had great
effect on Arjuna.
4. He substantiated his point with
valid arguments.
5. Greedy people will never get any
satisfaction in life.
6. I don’t think that there is any
necessity for you to come again.
7. Though his early attempts were
not successful he did not lose
heart.
 

?
  
8. I have memorized that song.
9. The teacher permitted her to go
home early.
10. Ramanujan made many mathe-
matical discoveries.
Fill in the blanks with the appro-
priate form of the word given
in the brackets.
1. His mode of doing business is
…………………. to me.
(offend)
2. We may have to ………………
the reserves for the invasion.
(mobile)
3. Green is a …………………….
of blue and yellow. (mix)
4. ………… in eating should keep
your weight down. (moderate)
5. I respect …………………….
but I don’t like coyness.
(modest)
6. The two failing companies
eventually ……………. (merge)
7. I had never seen such unbridled
…………. at a party. (merry)
8. The singer enjoyed a …………
rise to stardom. (meteor)
9. He was indicted for ……………
public funds. (misappropriate)
10. Their living conditions are ……
(misery)
Answers
1. His mode of doing business is
offensive to me.
2. We may have to mobilize the
reserves for the invasion.
3. Green is a mixture of blue and
yellow.
4. Moderation in eating should
keep your weight down.
5. I respect modesty but I don’t
like coyness.
6. The two failing companies
eventually merged.
7. I had never seen such unbridled
merriment at a party.
8. The singer enjoyed a meteoric
rise to stardom.
9. He was indicted for
misappropriating public funds.
10. Their living conditions are
miserable.
B.Vivekananda
Sr. Faculty
Hyderabad
9912343401